July-August 2017

This issue sponsored by:

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 Contents
8COVER STORY
How to Change Your Lubrication Culture
Find out how the Weyerhaeuser sawmill in Eugene, Oregon, was able to change from a culture of overlubrication to
best-practice lubrication through sharing of knowledge and application of predictive maintenance technologies.

July-August 2017

2AS I SEE IT
How to Measure the Effectiveness
of Condition Monitoring
28 LUBE-TIPS
Our readers offer advice on a host of lubrication-related issues,
including tips on checking makeup valves in oil sumps, sampling
compressor oils, changing oil in large diesel engines, replacing
Overall Condition Monitoring Effectiveness (OCME) is a new macro
filter elements, taking care of idle machinery and avoiding costly
metric that can enable you to measure the overall effectiveness of
bearing contamination.

32
condition monitoring (inspection combined with technology-based
condition monitoring) in detecting root causes and early detection
of failure symptoms. CASE STUDY

14
Continuing the Journey to Lubrication Excellence
HYDRAULICS Since winning the John R. Battle Award in 2012, the Nissan
stamping plant in Smyrna, Tennessee, has continued its journey
3 Ways to Reduce Hydraulic Shock
to lubrication excellence by emphasizing training and education.

40
Hydraulic shock occurs when oil rapidly starts or stops flowing
in a hydraulic system. Learn three things you can do to greatly
IN THE TRENCHES
reduce the hydraulic shock in your systems and help to eliminate oil
leakage at your plant. Why You Should Crosscheck Your Oil Analysis Lab

20
Most oil analysis practitioners assume that the data coming from
OIL ANALYSIS their laboratory is accurate and irrefutable, but this may not
always be the case.

44
Building a Successful Maintenance Program
Through Oil Analysis
Moving a reactive or preventive maintenance program to one that
predicts and avoids wear requires the right people, processes and
technology, but the rewards will be well worth the effort. Discover
how integrating oil analysis into an established maintenance
program can yield great returns in the form of more reliable, longer-
lasting equipment.
TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION
Lube Program Helps Anglo American Increase
Asset Reliability
See how the lubrication program at Anglo Americans Minas-Rio
mine has generated considerable cost savings thanks to reduced
lubricant consumption, extended oil changes and avoided acqui-
sitions due to oil filtering activities.

MoreEditorial Features
26 GET TO KNOW
Departments
22 ASK THE EXPERTS
30 BOOKSTORE
36 PRODUCT NEWS
38 NOW ON MACHINERYLUBRICATION.COM 24 PRODUCT SUPERMARKET 39 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

AS I SEE IT
J IM F ITCH | N ORIA C ORPORATION
How to
MEASURE the Effectiveness of
CONDITION MONITORING
C ondition monitoring should
never be limited to a single
technology or method.
Instead, it should combine and integrate an
optimum selection of purposeful tools and
tasks. Condition monitoring can be largely
technology based but can also be observation
or inspection based.
Most machines share condition moni-
toring and inspection needs with many other
types of equipment. This is because they
have components and operating conditions
in common, i.e., motors, bearings, seals,
lubricants, couplings, etc. At the same time,
their operating conditions and applications
may demand unique inspection require-
ments. These influence failure modes and
machine criticality.
As discussed in previous columns, inspec-
tion should be viewed with the same serious
intent as other condition monitoring prac-
tices. In my opinion, a world-class inspection
program should produce more saves than
all other condition monitoring activities
combined. Its not an alternative to
technology-based condition monitoring but
rather a strategic and powerful companion.
The technologies of infrared thermog-
raphy, analytical ferrography, vibration,
motor current and acoustic emission are
generally used to detect active faults and
abnormal wear. Conversely, a well-conceived
inspection program should largely focus on
root causes and incipient (very early stage)
failure conditions. Detection of advanced
wear and impending failure is secondary.
2 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
Remedy to Condition
Monitoring Blindness
Consider this: How could any of the
mentioned condition monitoring technolo-
gies detect the sudden onset of the following?
Defective seal and oil leakage
Filter in bypass
Coolant leak
Air-entrained oil
Oil oxidation
Varnish
Impaired lubricant supply (partial
starvation)
Bottom sediment and water (BS&W)
Defective breather or vent condition
Even if the technologies could detect
these reportable conditions, this ability
is constrained by the condition moni-
toring schedule. For instance, consider a
condition monitoring program that is
on a monthly schedule and conducted
the first day of each month. If the onset
of a reportable abnormal condition
occurs the following day, it goes unde-
tected by technology-based condition
monitoring until the next month (up to
30 days later).
You could say that inspection
provides the eyes and ears for every-
thing that condition monitoring cant
detect and is a default detection scheme
during the intervening days when no
Maintenance and Reliabili t y
technology-based condition monitoring
occurs. In other words, inspection fills in
critical gaps where there is detection
blindness of the technologies and schedule
blindness for the time periods between
use. Higher inspection frequency and more
intense examination skills (by the
inspector) significantly increase condition
monitorings ability to detect root causes
and symptoms of various states of failure.
Build a Condition
Monitoring Team
Condition monitoring should be a team
effort. As with most teams, each member
contributes unique and needed skills to
enhance the collective capabilities of the
team. One member cannot or should not
do the tasks of others. In American foot-
ball, you cant turn a linebacker into a
quarterback. While the team members are
different, they are all working toward a
common goal.
Managing a condition monitoring
program is a team-building activity. You
have your A players and your B players.
Some are generalists, and some are special-
ists. You have leaders, and you have
followers. All the classical elements are
there. The condition monitoring team
includes people (inspectors, analysts, etc.),
technologies (vibration, portable particle
counters, infrared cameras, etc.) and
external service providers (an oil analysis
lab, for instance).
 Machinery
Lubrication ML
PUBLISHER
Mike Ramsey - mramsey@noria.com
GROUP PUBLISHER
Brett OKelley - bokelley@noria.com
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Jason Sowards - jsowards@noria.com
SENIOR EDITOR
Jim Fitch - jfitch@noria.com
TECHNICAL WRITERS
Wes Cash - wcash@noria.com
Alejandro Meza - ameza@noria.com
Bennett Fitch - bfitch@noria.com
Loren Green - lgreen@noria.com
Michael Brown - mbrown@noria.com
Garrett Bapp - gbapp@noria.com
CREATIVE DIRECTOR
Ryan Kiker - rkiker@noria.com

Condition monitoring should be a team effort.
Overall Condition Monitoring
Effectiveness (OCME)
Team performance requires one or
more metrics aligned to well-defined goals.
Some metrics are micro (e.g., vibration
overalls or lubricant particle counts), while
others are macro to capture overall team
performance. In reliability, macro metrics
might look at the cost of reliability (team
spending) and the overall level of reliability
achieved (by condition monitoring and
other activities).
To illustrate the concept of a macro metric,
I am introducing Overall Condition Moni-
toring Effectiveness (OCME). This somewhat
theoretical metric drives home several
important points. OCME is defined by the
overall effectiveness of condition monitoring
(inspection combined with technology-based
condition monitoring) in detecting root causes
and early detection of failure symptoms.
GRAPHIC ARTISTS
Patrick Clark - pclark@noria.com
Josh Couch - jcouch@noria.com
Greg Rex - grex@noria.com
ADVERTISING SALES
Tim Davidson - tdavidson@noria.com
800-597-5460, ext. 224
MEDIA PRODUCTION MANAGER
Ally Katz - akatz@noria.com
CORRESPONDENCE
You may address articles, case studies,
special requests and other correspondence to:
Editor-in-Chief
MACHINERY LUBRICATION
Noria Corporation
1328 E. 43rd Court Tulsa, Oklahoma 74105
Phone: 918-749-1400 Fax: 918-746-0925
Email address: editor@noria.com

CASE 1
INTERVAL INTENSITY
Condition Monitoring Moderate Low
Inspection Frequent Low MACHINERY LUBRICATION Volume 17 - Issue 4 July-August 2017
(USPS 021-695) is published bimonthly by Noria Corporation, 1328 E.
43rd Court, Tulsa, OK 74105-4124. Periodicals postage paid at Tulsa,
OK and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address
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Reportable Conditions

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all subscription-related correspondence to: Noria Corporation, P.O. Box
x 90 47702, Plymouth, MN 55447. 800-869-6882 or Fax: 866-658-6156.

x 0 Copyright 2017 Noria Corporation. Noria, Machinery Lubrication

and associated logos are trademarks of Noria Corporation. All rights

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reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium
without express written permission of Noria Corporation is prohibited.

x
Machinery Lubrication is an independently produced publication of
90 Noria Corporation. Noria Corporation reserves the right, with respect to

x
submissions, to revise, republish and authorize its readers to use the tips
40 and articles submitted for personal and commercial use. The opinions
of those interviewed and those who write articles for this magazine are
x 100 not necessarily shared by Noria Corporation.

x 10 CONTENT NOTICE: The recommendations and information provided in

Machinery Lubrication and its related information properties do not
x 0 purport to address all of the safety concerns that may exist. It is the respon-
sibility of the user to follow appropriate safety and health practices. Further,
Noria does not make any representations, warranties, express or implied,
RUL 100% RUL 0% OCME regarding the accuracy, completeness or suitability of the information or
recommendations provided herewith. Noria shall not be liable for any inju-
35.5 ries, loss of profits, business, goodwill, data, interruption of business, nor
for incidental or consequential merchantability or fitness of purpose, or
CONDITION MONITORING SUMMARY damages related to the use of information or recommendations provided.
RC Saves = 10%
Predictive Saves = 50%
Misses = 40%
 AS I SEE IT

CASE 2
This is quantified as the average percentage of
INTERVAL INTENSITY remaining useful life (RUL) across all machines
Condition Monitoring Moderate Low and reportable conditions during the reporting
Inspection Frequent High period (say, one year). The higher this number,
the more effective condition monitoring is in
detecting and correcting reportable conditions
PROACTIVE PREDICTIVE OPERATIONAL early. Machines that have no reportable condi-
DOMAIN DOMAIN FAILURE RUL tions or failures are not included in this metric. A
x 20 perfect OCME score is 100, meaning the RUL
x across all machines from the beginning of the
Reportable Conditions

100
reporting period to the end was unchanged. This
x 100
can be normalized to total machine operating
x 80
hours (for the entire group of machines included
x 90 in the OCME metric).
x 100 To show how the OCME works, lets look at
x 100 three examples. Refer to the sidebar on page 6 for
definitions of the terms used. Each of the three
x 30
cases considers different condition monitoring
x 0
and inspection intervals (frequency) and intensity.
x 100 Again, intensity refers to the skill and effectiveness
RUL 100% RUL 0% OCME of condition monitoring and inspection tasks.
72 Ten hypothetical reportable conditions are
CONDITION MONITORING SUMMARY used in each case. These could be misalignment,
RC Saves = 50% unbalance, hot running bearings, high wear
Predictive Saves = 40% debris, wrong oil, lubricant starvation, water
Misses = 10%
contamination, etc. Reportable conditions
detected in the proactive domain are considered
CASE 3 to have 100 percent RUL. Operational failure
means zero percent RUL. Those conditions
INTERVAL INTENSITY detected early in the predictive domain have a
Condition Monitoring Moderate High higher RUL than those approaching operational
Inspection Frequent High failure. The beginning point of the predictive
domain is the inception of failure.

PROACTIVE PREDICTIVE OPERATIONAL Case #1: Common Intervals

DOMAIN DOMAIN FAILURE RUL at Low Intensity
x 100 In this scenario, very few of the reportable
Reportable Conditions

x 100 conditions are detected in the proactive domain

x 100
x 90
x 100
x 50
x 100
x 100
x 90
x 100
(at the root cause stage). Most conditions
advance to the predictive domain or operational
failure. The causes of this are low skill and inten-
sity of the condition monitoring and inspection
tasks. The RUL of each reportable condition is
estimated and tallied up to derive the OCME
score, which is 35.5 in this case. Some 40 percent
of the reportable conditions were misses, and
only 10 percent were root cause saves.

RUL 100% RUL 0% OCME Case #2: Common Intervals

93
CONDITION MONITORING SUMMARY
at High Inspection Intensity
RC Saves = 70% This case is the same as the first with the
Predictive Saves = 30% exception of the inspection skill and competency
Misses = 0%
(high intensity). This dramatically affects the

4 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 5
 AS I SEE IT
Terms and Definitions
Reportable Condition This is an abnormal condition that requires correc-
tion. A reportable condition could be either a root cause or an active failure
event or fault.
Proactive Domain This is the period of time when there is a reportable
root cause condition but no significant loss of machine life has occurred.
Unless detected and corrected, the condition will advance to the predic-
tive domain.
Predictive Domain This follows the proactive domain and is also known
as the failure development period. The predictive domain begins at the
inception of a reportable failure condition (e.g., severe misalignment) or
fault and ends at the approaching end of operational service life.
RUL Remaining useful life is an estimate of the remaining service life of a
machine when an active wear or failure condition has been detected and
remediated. Machines start with an RUL of 100 percent. As they age and
wear occurs, the RUL approaches zero.
Root Cause (RC) Saves Root cause saves is the percent of reportable
conditions that were detected and remediated in the proactive domain. The
higher this number the better. All RC saves leave RUL unchanged.
Predictive Saves This refers to reportable conditions that have
advanced to the predictive domain and are detected and remediated
prior to operational failure. The RUL of the machine was lowered during
the time the reportable condition remained undetected and uncorrected
in the predictive domain.
X This is a timeline point when a reportable condition (e.g., root cause of
a fault) is detected and remediated. It also represents operational failure
when not detected in the proactive or predictive domains.
Misses Misses refer to the percentage of reportable conditions that advance
to an undetected operational failure. The lower this number the better.
Overall Condition Monitoring Effectiveness (OCME) This metric defines
the overall effectiveness of condition monitoring (inspection combined with
technology-based condition monitoring). This is quantified as the average
change in percent of remaining useful life (RUL) across all machines and
reportable conditions during the reporting period. The higher this number,
the more effective condition monitoring is at detecting and correcting
reportable conditions early.
Condition Monitoring Interval This refers to the time interval between
technology-based condition monitoring events (vibration, oil sampling,
thermography, etc.).
Condition Monitoring Intensity This refers to the number of condition
monitoring technologies in use and the intensity of their use. For example, an
oil analysis test slate involving numerous tests with skillful data interpreta-
tion would be referred to as intense.
Inspection Interval This refers to the time interval between machine
inspections by operators and technicians.
Inspection Intensity This refers to the number of inspection points and
the examination skills of the inspector.
6 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
OCME (score of 72). Instead of 10 percent root
cause saves, we now have 50 percent and only 10
percent misses.
Case #3: World-class Condition
Monitoring and Inspection
This case applies high inspection frequency and
intensity for both technology-based condition moni-
toring and inspection tasks. At this high level of
surveillance, most all reportable conditions are
detected and remediated in the proactive domain (70
percent root cause saves). All others are detected
early in the predictive domain. This translates to an
impressive OCME score of 93 across all machines
and reportable events.
Optimization
It would be negligent to conclude this column
without a short reminder about optimization. There
is a cost to condition monitoring, as we all know. This
cost is influenced by frequency and intensity. The
optimum reference state (ORS) for condition moni-
toring and inspection must be established. Our
objective is to optimize the OCME in the context of
machine criticality and failure mode ranking. Ive
addressed this subject extensively in past columns.
Please refer to my Machinery Lubrication articles on the
ORS, overall machine criticality (OMC) and failure
modes and effects analysis (FMEA).
As a final note, my reference to intensity should
not be glossed over as unimportant. It is a driving
factor to boosting the OCME score. Achieving condi-
tion monitoring and inspection intensity has as much
to do with culture as it does with the available budget
or access to technology. Training and management
support define the maintenance culture. These soft,
human factors require a high level of attention to
achieve excellence in lubrication, reliability and asset
management. You can read more about these factors
at MachineryLubrication.com.
About the Author
Jim Fitch has a wealth of in the trenches experience
in lubrication, oil analysis, tribology and machinery
failure investigations. Over the past two decades, he
has presented hundreds of courses on these subjects.
Jim has also published more than 200 technical articles,
papers and publications. He serves as a U.S. delegate to
the ISO tribology and oil analysis working group. Since
2002, he has been the director and a board member
of the International Council for Machinery Lubrication.
He is the CEO and a co-founder of Noria Corporation.
Contact Jim at jfitch@noria.com.
 HOW TO
CHANGE YOUR
LUBRICATION
CULTURE
CULTURE
By Christopher Brokopp, Weyerhaeuser

8 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

 ML

T
here is a misconception in industry that bearings
should be lubricated like bushings. Many people are
under the impression that if a little lubricant is good,
a ton must be better. However, overlubing a bearing
can cause the same or more catastrophic problems
than underlubing. Although this practice is slowly being eradi-
cated as its ineffectiveness becomes common knowledge, the
old ways of overlubing continue to persist in some areas of our
workplace.

DAMAGING PRACTICES
It is inherent in the millwright culture to want to see grease
oozing out of bearings. We had oilers that would push 20 pumps
into a bearing even if grease started spewing out after the first
pump. During my training in the lubrication department, one of
our more experienced oilers took me to a machine and told me to
put in 10 pumps of grease every week. This machine is indoors in
one of the cleanest areas of our mill, except for the big piles of
grease directly below the bearings. As I put in the first pump, the
same volume came spewing out of the sides of the bearing.
On another occasion when I was an apprentice mill-
wright, a journeyman told me I had to be their human
Q-tip to go through all the excess grease that had been
dumped out of the bearings via overlubrication. Being new,
I hesitantly opened the access panel to find calf-deep sludge
made up of grease and bark dust. Luckily, he was joking, and
I didnt need to crawl in. Unfortunately, this took overlubri-
cation to a whole new extreme. This was common practice.
It was normal to see puddles of grease. If I came across a
place where there wasnt grease oozing out of the bearings,
I knew I had better find an oiler to add a little more grease.

IMPROVEMENT OPPORTUNITIES
We experienced regular bearing failures that were associated
with a lack of lubrication. Everyone knows the old saying that hind-
sight is 20-20. Well, now we know that lubrication was a factor in
all these failed bearings, but more appropriately they were a conse-
quence of our overlubrication culture. After going through Norias
Machinery Lubrication training, it became apparent that we had an
opportunity for improvement in this area.
Our new and improved predictive maintenance (PdM) depart-
ment started cleaning up this practice. We did calculations for
specific bearings and started to properly lube our machinery. At
first, maintenance personnel were indignant, thinking that since
grease wasnt oozing out, the bearings were not being lubed. I had
to explain that the bearings were finally being lubricated properly.

CALCULATING GREASE QUANTITIES

Thanks to SKF and its simplified formula, you can easily calcu-
late the volume of grease needed by multiplying the bore diameter
by the bearing width and a constant of 0.114. If you can safely
reach the bearing, you can measure it, but most of the time our

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 9

 WhenResults Are
Important, You Can
Rely On

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manufacturing high-quality lubricant and
grease products, you can rely on Royal Mfg Co.
to provide the best products for your
application. Our company-wide focus is to
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COVER STORY
access was drastically restricted. When
this was the case, I would look up the
bearing dimensions online. Once we had
our measurements and figured out the
calculation, we were in the ballpark for
how much grease to put in the bearing.
For example, lets say a bearing requires
1 ounce of grease. What is an ounce of
grease? One pump? Ten pumps? Who
knows? Even if the grease gun is rated for a
certain amount, it is not always accurate.
Therefore, it is imperative to calibrate all
grease-dispensing equipment at your
facility. Use a kitchen or postal scale to
determine the weight in ounces per stroke
of each grease gun. You can find quality
scales for less than $15. At our facility,
one of our maintenance coordinators
borrowed his wifes kitchen scale for us to
use. I highly recommend you refrain from
stealing your wifes scale and instead buy
one specifically for this purpose. At our
plant, we line the scale with a rag, zero it
out, then squirt 20 pumps of grease onto
the scale and divide the total weight by 20
to get an average. We then label each gun
with the average volume per stroke. That
way the delivery means our technicians
use doesnt matter. We can still ensure the
bearing is receiving the proper volume
of grease.
Knowing the quantity of grease the
bearing needs, we can calculate how many
pumps it will take based on the guns
average output per pump. We also utilize
battery-powered grease guns with a digital
readout. These are calibrated with the
same method.
DETERMINING
RELUBRICATION
FREQUENCIES
Our next obstacle was determining how
often to apply this amount of grease. There
are multiple tables, charts and calculators
for establishing the proper frequency. The
major factors in determining relubrication
frequency are load, operation time, type of
bearing, speed, temperature and environment.
Keeping these factors in mind, the formula
we use is: T = K x [(14,000,000/n x (d0.5))
4 x d], where T = the time (in hours) until
the next relubrication, K = the product of all
the correction factors, n = speed (revolu-
tions per minute), and d = the bore diameter
(in millimeters).
The correction factors account for
temperature, moisture, contamination,
vibration, position and bearing design.
Fortunately, most of our equipment runs at
about the same speed, temperature and
vibration. We also use very similar bearing
designs. This leaves us accounting for mois-
ture, contamination and position. It is
astonishing to see how small changes can
affect the time between regreasing. For
instance, mounting a bearing at a 45-degree
angle or with temperatures of more than
150 degrees F will cut the interval in half.
At our mill, contamination and mois-
ture are the greatest challenges after
installation. We use the same style of
bearing in a variety of applications. One is
indoors but contends with some light

It is never too late to start your
cultural transformation. In fact, you
should start today. Just pace yourself.
The road ahead is a long one.
abrasive debris. Another is outside and
battles moisture and heavily abrasive
debris. Under ideal conditions, this type of
bearing would need just more than an
ounce of grease every 2,828 hours.
However, since it sees light abrasive dust,
we need to adjust the correction factors.
This slow-moving bearing has a speed of
120 revolutions per minute with a
74.6125-millimeter bore diameter. Based
on the correction factors, which are repre-
sented in the equation as K, the interval
should be reduced to 1,131 hours. If water
is introduced into the equation with heavily
abrasive dust and the correction factors are
adjusted accordingly, the relubrication time
drops to 56 hours. Thus, even though it is
the same bearing, you cannot make a
blanket statement that it requires the same
amount of grease. From this example, it is
easy to see why some people think bearings
need lots of grease.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES
The advancement of new technology
enables you to fine-tune your lubrication
program. Two such technologies are ultra-
sound and vibration analysis. How does
ML
listening to a bearing in a noisy environment
help you with lubrication? How can feeling
a bearing with all those other machines
chugging along tell you anything?
Ultrasound is high-frequency sound that
is above the range of normal human
hearing. Typical applications for ultrasound
include air and gas leak detection; electrical
inspections to detect corona, tracking and
arching; steam traps; and mechanical
inspection of rotating equipment, including
condition-based lubrication.
Vibration analysis is another tech-
nology that can enhance your lube
 COVER STORY

program. It is defined as analysis of vibra- that can blow out supply lines and/or seals. long one. Stay positive and focus on the old
tion monitoring data to track the The right condition of the lubricant refers to saying of slow and steady wins the race.
characteristic changes in rotating its age, if the base oil has started bleeding Increasing the life of components,
machinery caused by imbalance, misalign- from the thickener and how clean the grease is decreasing downtime and being good stew-
ment, bent shaft, mechanical looseness, entering the component. Just because the ards of the environment by not creating
faults in gear drives, defects in rolling-ele- grease in the gun is new and clean, dont forget puddles of grease will help the bottom line of
ment bearings and/or sleeve bearings, or to make sure the tip of the gun is clean as well any facility, but getting there involves all
more commonly referred to as the move- as the grease fitting. workers. When every employee thinks about
ment of a body about its reference position. The more you lubricate a bearing, the
reliability to the same degree as others do
There are several advantages of using greater the chances of introducing particles
about safety or cost controls, you will have
these technologies. The greatest is the into it. Once these microscopic particles get
reached a new level of trustworthy operations.
amount of money you can save. Since the into the bearing, they wreak havoc on the
Then, and only then, can leaders or stewards
bearings are receiving precisely the correct precision-machined surfaces. Too much of
say they have achieved their goal of reliable
amount of grease, lubrication-related anything is a bad thing, and you can lubricate
something too much. Bearings are designed to and safe facilities.
bearing failures will decrease, potentially
operate with a certain amount of grease in This is an ongoing discussion at our mill
reducing unscheduled downtime. Less down-
them. Put in too much, and they will fail earlier with maintenance personnel explaining why
time equals more profit. Savings can also be
than expected. bearings receive different amounts of grease.
realized in motor and equipment repair costs
as well as in decreased lubricant usage. It is never too late to start your cultural It is only through sharing this knowledge that
transformation. In fact, you should start we can start to persevere and attain lubrica-
CHANGE YOUR CULTURE today. Just pace yourself. The road ahead is a tion excellence.
Through the application of these tech-
nologies, you can confirm the quantity of
grease that a bearing requires for optimal
performance. However, be sensitive to
experienced craftsmen while proving that
overgreasing is a real problem. It is hard to
argue that we do it this way because we
have always done it this way when there is
a precision-measuring tool telling you
otherwise. Remind these veteran workers
that new bearing manufacturers are
creating tighter tolerances that require
more precise lubrication methods. In
respect to these new lubrication methods,
technicians need to remember the six Rs
the right type, right time, right quantity,
right place, right way and right condition.
The right type of lubricant accounts for
the grade, base oil viscosity, additives,
pumpability, load, speed and thickener
type. When calculating time and quantity,
use the formulas mentioned previously. In
regards to the right place, you need to
ensure that the lubricant can handle the
environmental factors it will face, such as
moisture, temperature and vibration. The
right way of lubricating equipment will be
crucial to its longevity. Remember, some
grease guns may create extreme pressures
12 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
OPENING KEYNOTE:
FLYING IN
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Join more than 1,100 of your col-
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 HYDRAULICS
3 Ways to Reduce
Hydraulic
Shock
B Y A L SMILEY, GPM H YDRAULIC CONSULTING
Hydraulic shock occurs when oil
rapidly starts or stops flowing in a
hydraulic system. The oil flow rate
in the pressure line of systems below 3,000
psi is usually 15-20 feet per second. In systems
above 3,000 psi, the flow rate can be as high
as 30 feet per second. Shock can also occur
when an external force acts on a hydraulic
cylinder or motor.
Unlike air, hydraulic oil is generally consid-
ered to be non-compressible. Oil will only
compress one-half of a percent when pres-
surized to 1,000 psi. When a pressure spike
occurs in the system, the pressure can
increase four or five times above the normal
operating pressure. Since the average dura-
tion of a shock spike is 25 milliseconds, the
pressure gauge cannot respond fast enough
to give an accurate indication. Pressure
transducers are normally used to record
pressure spikes.
Shock spikes that are not properly damp-
ened or absorbed can result in leakage and
damage to the lines and components in the
system. This article will look at three things
that can be done to reduce hydraulic shock.
Install an Accumulator
A hydraulic accumulator is pre-charged
with dry nitrogen. Some type of separating
device such as a piston, bladder or diaphragm
is used to separate the nitrogen from the
hydraulic oil inside the accumulator. A
bladder (Figure 1) or diaphragm type is
recommended to absorb shock. Both of
these accumulators contain rubber elements
14 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
pressure down to zero once the system is
turned off.
Add Directional Valve
Pilot Chokes
A typical two-stage, hydraulic-piloted,
solenoid-controlled directional valve is
shown in Figure 2. The valve contains pilot
chokes, which are located in the block
between the pilot valve on top and the main
spool on the bottom. The block includes two
Figure 1. A bladder accumulator flow controls connected in a meter-out
that will be compressed when the hydraulic arrangement and two bypass check valves.
pressure rises above the dry nitrogen When either of the pilot valve solenoids is
pre-charge. Depending on the system, the energized, pilot pressure is ported through
accumulator should be pre-charged to 100 one of the internal check valves and to one
psi below to 200 psi above the maximum side of the main spool. As the spool shifts,
operating pressure in the system. Accumula- the oil in the pilot cavity on the opposite side
tors that are used for shock can be small in
size, usually one quart to one gallon.
The accumulator should be installed as
close as possible to where the shock spike is
occurring. For example, if the pressure spike
takes place when a cylinder fully extends,
the accumulator should be installed near
the port connected to the full piston side of
the cylinder.
Accumulators are often used to absorb
high flow surges in return lines. In this case,
the pre-charge should be lower than the
maximum pressure rating of any return filters
or heat exchangers located downstream. Any
time an accumulator is used in the pressure
line, an automatic and/or manual dump valve
Figure 2. A two-stage directional valve
should be installed to bleed the hydraulic
www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 15
 HYDRAULICS
flows through the flow control and back to
the tank through the pilot valve. The setting
of the flow control determines the rate that
the main spool shifts. By allowing the spool to
gradually shift, the pump volume is gradually
ported through the valve and to the system.
Several years ago, I was asked to consult
with an oriented strand board plant in
Minnesota about reducing shock on its hot
press. The lines had been welded many times
over due to the leakage that occurred because
of pressure spikes. The press used eight
109-gallon-per-minute vane pumps to supply
a high volume of oil for closing the press.
Directional valves, like the one shown in
Figure 2, were used to port the pumps
volume back to the tank when in idle mode
and when no longer needed in the rams.
When the command was given to close the
press, it sounded like eight sledgehammers
banging away on the reservoir. Once the
press was closed and the solenoids were
Motor
3 3
2A
2B
A B
1 1
From Pump
Figure 3. A circuit with a closed
center directional valve (1), two
crossport relief valves (2A and 2B)
and a hydraulic motor (3)
16 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
de-energized, a tremendous amount of vibra-
tion and shock occurred in the lines. This was
due to the rapid change of flow direction
from the pumps. Instead of going to the
press, the pumps volume rapidly changed
direction and returned to the tank through
the dump valves. It took an entire day to
adjust the pilot chokes on all eight pumps. At
the end of the day, the pumps were coming in
and unloading smoothly.
Pilot chokes are considered optional
equipment on directional valves. On valves
that do not have them, once the pilot valve
solenoid is energized, pilot pressure will be
ported to shift the main spool at a very fast
rate. This allows the pump volume to imme-
diately flow through the valve, which
generates a shock spike. Pilot chokes can
easily be added to existing valves by using
longer bolts to mount the pilot valve and
block to the main spool housing.
Motor
2A
Oil
Flow
2B
A B
From Pump
Figure 4. A circuit with the A
solenoid of the directional valve
energized to direct the pump
volume to the motor
Use Crossport Relief Valves
Crossport relief valves are commonly used
with hydraulic motors when it is necessary to
stop a load relatively quickly. The main issues
with crossport relief valves are that they are
usually omitted from the system, are set too
high or are mounted too far from the motor.
In Figure 3, a typical circuit is shown with a
closed center directional valve, two crossport
relief valves and a hydraulic motor.
Crossport relief valves perform two
functions in the hydraulic system: They
absorb the initial shock spike that occurs
when oil is first ported to drive the motor
and bring the motor to a stop when the
directional valve is de-energized.
Crossport relief valves should be set
200-400 psi above the maximum pressure
required to drive the motor. In Figure 4,
the A solenoid of the directional valve
has been energized to direct the pump
volume to the motor. Once the pressure
Motor
3
2A
2B
Oil
Flow
A B
1
From Pump
Figure 5. A circuit with the directional
valve solenoid de-energized to stop
the motor and the valve spool shifted
to the closed center position
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 Skilled Technicians and
a Lubrication Program.
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 ML
momentarily increases to
the 2A valve setting, the
spool will shift open and
port the pressurized fluid
through the directional
valve and back to the
tank. When the pressure
drops below the 2A
setting, the valve spool
will shift closed and the
motor will start rotating.
When the directional
valve solenoid is de-ener-
gized to stop the motor, the
valve spool will shift to the
closed center position
(Figure 5). The motor will
tend to continue rotating due to the inertia of the moving load
and momentarily turn into a hydraulic pump, delivering oil to its
outlet port. The pressure will build until the setting of the 2B
crossport relief valve is reached. The 2B valve will then shift
open and direct the oil flow back to the motors inlet port. The
setting of the 2B spring will determine how fast the motor will
come to a stop.
If youre experiencing shock and leakage issues with hydraulic
motor circuits, first verify that the crossport relief valves are
located in the system. I have seen some systems where they have
been omitted, allowing the shock to be taken out in the lines,
hoses and fittings, which results in leakage. Secondly, make sure
the crossport relief valves are properly set. When there is a
problem in a hydraulic system, usually the first course of action is
to turn up the pressure. Thirdly, the crossport relief valves should
be located as close as possible to the hydraulic motor.
A plywood plant in North Carolina was having a problem
shearing the motor shaft off its rotary log-kicker hydraulic motor. As
the logs came down the conveyor, the motor rotated and kicked the
log off the conveyor and onto the infeed conveyor to the lathe. Upon
inspection, the crossport relief valves were found in a block under-
neath the directional valve, which was mounted 30 feet away from
the motor. An additional set of crossport relief valves was installed
near the motor, which eliminated the shearing of the motor shafts.
Likewise, by using these three remedies, you can greatly reduce
the hydraulic shock in your systems and help to eliminate oil
leakage at your plant.

About the Author

Al Smiley is the president of GPM Hydraulic Consulting Inc.,
located in Monroe, Georgia. Since 1994, GPM has provided hydraulic
training, consulting and reliability assessments to companies in the
United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and South America.
Contact Al at gpm@gpmhydraulic.com.
www.Beckman.com/particle
2017 Beckman Coulter, Inc. Beckman Coulter, the
stylized logo, and the Beckman Coulter product
and service names used herein are trademarks or
registered trademarks of Beckman Coulter, Inc. in
the United States and other countries.

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 19

 OIL ANALYSIS
Building a
Successful
Maintenance Program Through
Oil Analysis
B Y BRETT MINGES, POLARIS L ABORATORIES
Integrating oil analysis into an
established maintenance program
can yield great returns in the form
of more reliable, longer-lasting equipment.
However, 43 percent of oil analysis
programs leave half of their equipment
unsampled, and 36 percent dont adjust
their preventive maintenance based on the
results. Moving a reactive or preventive
maintenance program to one that predicts
and avoids wear requires the right people,
processes and technology, but the rewards
are well worth the effort.
Build the Business Case
Many programs have a staggered start
when they adopt oil analysis. They either
test the value using a pilot program or pick
a starting location that will discover the
best way to fit the program into their
processes before rolling it out to the entire
company. Along the same lines, its much
more feasible to pick one or two types of
equipment to test at the beginning. Adding
the task of collecting oil samples regularly
from all equipment isnt realistic for most
maintenance programs out there, espe-
cially if they already feel the crunch of
overtime hours.
The first step is identifying where testing
would generate the most bang for the buck.
Focusing efforts on increasing the reliability
of critical and problem equipment espe-
cially helps time-starved maintenance
programs get ahead of the work backlog. It
also adds the bonus of demonstrating the
strongest benefits to management.
20 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
For programs without data from past oil
analysis, the best place to start is by
pinpointing equipment that is experiencing
high rates of failure. Units can be grouped by
type, manufacturer, model, application,
replacement cost, hours/miles operated or
how vital they are to production. Calculating
the maintenance costs (especially rebuilds
and replacements) and the number of failures
will typically identify the units that would
benefit the most from oil analysis.
Presenting the business case this way
should succeed, since youre speaking the
language of management. Maintenance and
equipment costs are unavoidable, but they
can be reduced. Savvy businessmen are willing
to listen to improvement ideas, especially
when they are backed up by real-world data.
Develop a Plan and a Team
Once given the green light to begin,
many want to jump in and start pulling
samples. That sort of ad-hoc program can
easily fizzle out or run into problems that
kill momentum. In addition, easing into a
theres nothing wrong with aggressive sched-
program will allow time for staff to become
ules, falling behind can be demoralizing to
acquainted with the new process so it
staff and raise management concerns.
doesnt feel like additional work piled on
top of their already heavy workload. Prepare Personnel
Instead, create a detailed action plan,
recruit personnel and begin training staff. and Equipment
Pin down exactly who will be responsible for Once the plan is in place, it is time to put
what duties and how their efforts will be it into action. Training and preparation are
evaluated. Set dates or triggers for staggered always required, even for oil analysis
rollouts, but remember to leave space in veterans. Everyone involved with the
your timeline to deal with delays and unex- program needs to know how it will benefit
pected issues that will eat up time. While the maintenance plan before they can start
 ML

believing it will help them and the company. This training also
provides an opportunity for feedback and can identify overlooked
obstacles or weaknesses in the plan.
The equipment may need preparation, too. Retrofits, such as
adding oil sampling ports, can expedite the sampling process and
free up many maintenance hours. If nothing else, the equipment list
needs to be updated in your computerized maintenance manage-
ment system (CMMS) and oil analysis providers files.
Grade Progress and
Share the Wins
The best way to accelerate the adoption of a new program is to
measure the progress and share the results. Necessary first steps,
like the retrofits, training and list management steps mentioned
previously, can get bogged down and delayed without a guiding
hand directing (and sometimes pushing and pulling) them along.
One way to hurry the transition along is to grade the progress
of each section/location/division and review them out in the open.
Peer pressure and friendly competition can go a long way toward
motivating slow adopters. Once the oil analysis program is up and
running, your time can be devoted to providing additional motiva-
tion, such as sharing major saves, recognizing sampling compliance
or establishing best practices.
reports are possible, and the helpfulness of each depends on the
individuals position in the maintenance program. For example,
having a daily list of high-severity maintenance recommendations is
extremely useful for maintenance managers looking to assign work
to technicians. The senior maintenance leadership for a national
company will find little use for such a list, but they might want to see
a monthly pie chart with the percentage of each severity.
The most sophisticated use of oil analysis data and management
reports will aid strategic, companywide decisions with scatter-
grams and Pareto charts. Identify the types of equipment that
break down the most, extend oil drains with minimal risk by finding
the threshold where severity levels spike and make purchasing deci-
sions based on which makes and models perform the longest before
maintenance/replacement is required.
Create a Partnership
Each company is different, and an oil analysis program can be
easily customized to deliver superior results. Sample bottle cleanli-
ness, flagging limits, report delivery options, computer system
integration and automatic management report subscriptions are
just a few of the options that can be adapted to improve an oil
analysis program. In this regard, an oil analysis company is more
like a service provider than a simple supplier.

Show the Financial Justification

It is important to capture information about maintenance and
replacements that were avoided due to oil analysis. A lot of time can
be saved when information is documented in the moment. Esti-
mating the costs and time spent on projects can be difficult,
especially if months have passed. Your management software or
even a simple spreadsheet can track the hours spent and the cost of
parts for each project.
Multiply the hours spent conducting repairs by the average labor
rate or burden rate and add in the part costs to estimate what was
spent on an individual repair. To evaluate the program as a whole,
add in the cost of oil analysis testing and the labor spent collecting
samples. By comparing this to the cost of complete unit replace-
ment or more involved repairs, you can calculate the immediate
return on investment (ROI).
A more advanced method of calculating ROI would be to factor
in the cost of downtime to your company. This requires a lot of
coordination with the production department, and this data isnt
always available to maintenance divisions.

Make Decisions Using Data

The final step to integrating oil analysis into a maintenance
program is to take advantage of the sample result data as a whole.
Basic programs just review individual results for unexpected wear.
This will definitely save equipment and reduce downtime, but all
your past results contain a lot of statistics that can be mined for
even more savings.
Oil analysis providers can sort and filter specific results from your
data and compile them into a management report. A wide variety of
www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 21
 ASK the EXPERTS
For gearbox applications, is it preferable to use
mineral oil or synthetic oil?
Most gear oils use a polyalphao-
lefin (PAO) as a base stock. This
is essentially a man-made
version of the naturally occurring mineral
oil pulled from the earth and refined. The
size of the molecules is all relatively the
same. These are also saturated molecules,
which makes them very stable.
The benefits of synthetic oils relate to
the molecules stable nature and include a
higher degree of hydrolytic stability and
demulsibility, a higher viscosity index (VI)
and a lower pour point. The VI and pour
point allow these oils to perform better
across a broader temperature range.
The drawbacks of synthetic oils would
include their cost and solubility
concerns. PAOs generally have low solu-
bility, which means they do not dissolve
additives as readily as their mineral
counterparts. Synthetic oils also have a
difficult time suspending varnish-
forming degradation byproducts.
While many people make the snap deci-
sion to switch to synthetic oils, the cost
factor should be considered. Focus on the
How do you spray-lubricate an open gear? Are
nozzles commonly available for this? What air pressure
is ideal? What is the best distance between the nozzle
and application area? Is spray lubrication the best way
to lubricate an open gear?
When it comes to open gears,
spray lubrication is a common
practice. However, it isnt the
only option. A variety of greases are specially
formulated to work on open gears. That
said, there are some key practices to follow
when using a spray system on an open gear.
22 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
optimum reference state (ORS), which is
the state that is best for a particular piece
of equipment under its specific operating
conditions and environment. It should also
take into account the equipments criti-
cality as well.
For example, say you have two identical
pumps with different functions in the plant
and different levels of criticality. For one of
the pumps, you might take vibration read-
ings and outfit it with a desiccant breather,
bottom sediment and water (BS&W) bowl,
and minimess sample connection. The
other pump receives none of this special
treatment. Why is that? It all comes down
to a matter of cost. If the more critical
pump fails, it will have a larger financial
impact than the other pump.
This same methodology should be
applied when deciding whether to use a gain enough benefits from the synthetic oil
mineral or synthetic gear oil. If the equip- to justify the cost. However, if the environ-
ments operating conditions and ment is more severe, the temperature runs
environment are not as stressful or the extremely high or low, there are extended
financial impact of a failure would not be oil drains, or the impact of a failure is
as significant, then you could probably get considerable enough to justify the cost,
by with a mineral oil, as you are not likely to then you should choose a synthetic oil.
As with any lubrication system, it is
important to verify that the appropriate
volume and type of lubricant are being used.
You must also ensure that the lubricant
stays in place and is of the correct viscosity.
The distance between the gear teeth and
the spray systems nozzles can vary greatly.
Sometimes they may be placed as close as 2 inches, while in other cases
a distance of 8 inches is desirable. It depends on the speed of the gear,
the gear size and the spray nozzle in use.
A variety of nozzles are available, with each offering a distinct
spray pattern and requiring a different air pressure. Selecting a spray
pattern is one of the more critical considerations for this application.
While most nozzles do a good job of atomizing the lubricant, you
must make certain that the spray pattern coats the gear surface prior
to the teeth meshing. This may require several nozzles. The entire
width of the gear must be sufficiently covered with lubricant, and
overspray should be minimized.
It is good practice to routinely inspect any spray system for proper
operation. This includes confirming that the nozzles are spraying, there
is adequate air pressure and there is lubricant in the reservoir. The
nozzles tend to clog with debris or wax in some cases. Any clogging of
the nozzles can have adverse effects on the spray pattern and the quality
of lubrication that is occurring on the gear.
Spray lubrication offers a great way to lubricate open gears, but the
same rules apply as with any lubrication practice. The system will only
be as good as it is installed and maintained. Many excellent systems
have failed due to lack of maintenance or inspections. With proper
maintenance, these systems can provide increased reliability and
decrease the manpower required to lubricate the gears manually.
If you have a question for one of Norias experts, email it to editor@noria.com.
SUPERMARKET
The Rack and Pinion System is the
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is available with different materials,
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24 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
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The MiniLab 53 is the next generation
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Clean your compressor while it is run-
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Translucent new oil is visually assumed
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800-523-1327
The Ultraprobe 401 Digital Grease
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Machinery Lubrication I (MLI) provides
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www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 25
 GET to KNOW

Allen Strives for

Precision Lubrication Name
Clay Allen

at Mosaic Age
28
Job Title
In four years at the Mosaic Co., Clay Allen has already held three positions at
Mechanical Reliability
three different mines. His current role is as the mechanical reliability engineer at
Engineer
the Four Corners mine, which is the companys largest phosphate mine and one of
the largest producers of ore in the world. Allens focus on lubrication began after Company
transferring from operations to the maintenance department nearly two years The Mosaic Co.
ago. As a reliability engineer, he is responsible for all rotating equipment and has Location
discovered that if it moves, it needs some type of lubrication. Bradley, Florida
Length of Service
4 years

Q: What professional certifi- current predictive maintenance

cations have you attained?
A: I am certified as a Level I Machine
Lubrication Technician (MLT I),
Level II Machine Lubricant Analyst
(MLA II), Category II Machinery
Vibration Analyst, Level I Airborne/
Structure Borne Ultrasound, and as
a Certified Maintenance and Reli-
ability Professional (CMRP).
Q: Are you planning to obtain
additional training or achieve
higher certifications?
A: I plan on continuing to strengthen
my skills in root cause failure anal-
ysis and failure mode and effects
analysis to help move our site into
the precision operating realm by
eliminating defects.
Q: Whats a normal work day
like for you?
A: We have a daily production/main-
tenance meeting at 6:30 a.m. where
production and maintenance
personnel discuss the events from
the night shift and the maintenance
plan for the day. I provide input on
26 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
(PdM) findings and help prioritize
work orders for that day/week.
The mechanics clock in at 7
a.m., and I attend a couple of their
morning meetings per month to
discuss precision maintenance
and lubrication topics, as well as
to listen to the issues that preven-
tive maintenance (PM) mechanics
are having with equipment.
I try to stay out of the day-to-day
issues of general maintenance activi-
ties and stick to the big-picture view
of asset reliability and precision
maintenance/lubrication. At times, I
work hands-on with the mechanics
when work orders relating to lubri-
cation or precision installation are
scheduled. I always like to be there
Be Featured in the Next
to explain why this work needs to be Get to Know Section
done and how it will help us achieve WOULD YOU LIKE TO BE
our business goals in the long term. FEATURED IN THE NEXT
It is important to me to be visible GET TO KNOW section or know
and out in the plant whenever someone who should be profiled in an
possible so I can keep a finger on the upcoming issue of Machinery Lubri-
pulse of the plant and see first-hand cation magazine? Nominate yourself
or fellow lubrication professionals by
the issues that the mechanics are
emailing a photo and contact informa-
facing. I then take those issues and
tion to editor@noria.com.
formulate an overall asset strategy for
improvement/defect elimination.
Q: What is the amount and range of
equipment you help service through
lubrication/oil analysis tasks?
A: At the Four Corners Plant, we have 60+
horizontal slurry pumps, 10+ vertical
water pumps, 30+ right-angle mixer gear-
boxes, 50+ parallel shaft gearboxes, 10+
hydraulic systems, 80+ agitator flotation
machines and 3+ miles of conveyor belt. I
oversee 190+ total oil samples (some
monthly and some quarterly).
Q: On what lubrication-related proj-
ects are you currently working?
A: I am currently working on PM optimiza-
tion, launching our pump oil sampling
efforts and using ultrasound technology to
monitor the health of and aid in applying
grease to conveyor pulley bearings. The
results of these projects will help us move
into the precision maintenance domain and
save money by attaining longer equipment
life, reducing man-hours and decreasing
lubricant spending.
can sample any equipment at any time, and
the PM mechanics can see the inside of the
equipment by pulling a sample. This does
wonders for ownership, as they can directly
see their efforts paying off by having cleaner
oil. It also saves us $14,000 a year.
Q: How does your company view
machinery lubrication in terms
of importance and overall busi-
ness strategy?
A: Mosaic views precision lubrication as
mission critical to our success. In order to
stay competitive and retain our position as
the worlds largest producer of crop nutrient
products, we must take care of our equip-
ment and keep it available for production.
Precision lubrication alone is not the magic
solution, but it does play a significant role in
the overall maintenance strategy of any
companys equipment. I like to say nothing
will put you down faster or keep you running
longer than lubrication.
Q: What do you see as some of the
more important trends taking
place in the lubrication and oil
analysis field?
A: Most of what I see and what has helped
Mosaic is training and education for
everyone, not just engineers, supervisors or
PM mechanics. The maintenance depart-
ments philosophy at Four Corners is to
empower each mechanic with the knowl-
edge, procedures and tools to safely and
efficiently care for the equipment.
Any departments culture and mentality
start at the top. Both the maintenance
superintendent and maintenance manager
have passed the MLT I exam, and the mainte-
nance superintendent plans to take the MLA
II exam later this year. In addition to the
managers, our three maintenance supervi-
sors and five mechanics are MLT I certified.
Subsequently, precision lubrication is being
engrained into the culture at the Four
Corners plant, and it all starts with training
and education.

Q: What have been some of the

biggest project successes in which
youve played a part?
A: During my time here at Four Corners, we
have significantly reduced our hydraulic oil
usage in one year through offline kidney-loop
filtering, initiating weekly PMs and preventing
contamination from entering the systems.
These actions have resulted in a
94-percent reduction in particles over six
months. The number of particles went
from an average of 70,000 to 4,000 parti-
cles per milliliter.
We also discovered that we were using
the wrong kind of oil in five different assets.
This has been corrected and has led to a
38-percent reduction in oil usage in our
log-washer gearboxes in one year.
In addition, we have taken control of our
oil sampling program by bringing it in-house.
Our PM mechanics now do all the oil
sampling instead of a contractor. This
enables us to obtain better data because we

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 27

 THE LUBE-TIPS SECTION OF MACHINERY LUBRICATION
MAGAZINE FEATURES INNOVATIVE ideas submitted by our readers.
Additional tips can be found in our Lube-Tips email newsletter. If you have a
tip to share, email it to editor@noria.com. To receive the Lube-Tips newsletter,
subscribe now at www.MachineryLubrication.com/page/subscriptions.

Sampling Refrigeration Compressor Oils How to Take Care of Idle Machinery

When sampling refrigeration compressor oils, particularly If electric motors are to be stored for a period of time, the
some synthetics such as polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) and poly- vibrations created by the plant could cause false brinelling of the
olesters (POEs), it is of paramount importance that the lubricant bearings. False brinelling occurs when the protective film of a
is exposed to the air for as little time as possible. This applies lubricant is worn away by vibration and there is metal-to-metal
particularly in humid environments. The reason for this is that contact between the edge of the rolling element and the bearing
these lubricants are hygroscopic, which means they absorb uncon- race. To prevent false brinelling, turn the shaft of the stored motor
densed water vapor directly from humid air. An accurate moisture
content reading is vital for the analysis of most refrigerant system
lubricants. It is for this reason that the lubricant should be given as
little exposure to the atmosphere as possible. Likewise, it is
important that your laboratory take equal care not to expose the
oil to the air when it carries out its tests. Ideally, the moisture
content test should be the first one performed.

Advice for Sight Glass Inspections

If there is a sight glass for the reservoir of your bearing lubri-
cant, make sure there is a line that marks the level of the lubricant
when the bearing is running and a line that marks the level of the
lubricant when the bearing is stationary.

Timing Diesel Engine

Oil Changes
Users of large diesel engines should consider changing oil and
oil sampling based on the gallons of fuel
burned versus calendar or work hours of
the driver. The driver may not actually
drive all the hours for which he is paid.
Likewise, some days using the calendar
method will be weekends and holidays.
Filter Change Tip
When changing a filter element inside
a housing, drain all the oil from the filter
housing first. There should be a drain
port near the bottom of the housing as
well as a port on the top to let in air. This
procedure will eliminate debris that was
trapped in the filter element from rinsing
out when pulled through the oil in a filled
housing. This debris will get a free run at
your system when restarted because it is
already on the downstream side of the new
filter.
with your fingers a minimum of once a month. The same principle
applies to idle machinery. The idle machine needs to be bumped
to ensure that there is a film of the lubricant between the rolling
element and the race.
Avoiding Bearing Contamination
Most large motors that have bearings with oil reservoirs are
topped off through pipe plugs located on the top of the bearing
housing. The problem is that as the top-off oil is added to the
reservoir, it first passes over the threads for the pipe plug, washing
any dirt, metal or other contaminants into the reservoir. To cure
this, try screwing a short pipe nipple into the opening and capping
it off with a pipe cap. Now when oil is added, it no longer passes
over the active threaded area, helping to keep your top-off oil
contaminant-free.
 BOOKSTORE
WELCOME TO MACHINERY LUBRICATIONS
BOOKSTORE, designed to spotlight lubrication-
related books. For a complete listing of books of
interest to lubrication professionals, check out the
Bookstore at store.noria.com.
How to Grease a Motor Bearing
Training Video
Format: DVD
Publisher: Noria Corporation
Anyone responsible for the main-
tenance, operation and reliability
of electric motors will benefit from
this training video. It provides
plant personnel with an overview
of the best practices for lubri-
cating electric motor bearings.
You can use the video to train
operators, lubrication technicians,
mechanics, electricians and main-
tenance personnel for years to come.
Lubricating Grease Guide
Author: NLGI
This handy quick-reference book
contains material pertaining
to a broad spectrum of grease-
related subjects and is written
by technicians for the beginner
or the practitioner who wants
to broaden his knowledge base.
You will learn when and how to
select the right grease for your
machinery and easily determine
which greases are compatible.
Is My Machine OK? A Field Guide
to Assessing Process Machinery
Authors: Robert X. Perez and Andrew P. Conkey
This book provides those who
deal with industrial machines
a handy guide for assessing the
potential risk of failure and offers
a solid basis for reliable and safe
machinery operation. Combining
the most commonly used assess-
ment tools into one source, it is
meant to be taken into the field
by operators, plant supervisors,
maintenance personnel and reli-
ability professionals in order to
make informed decisions about
their equipment.
30 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
For descriptions, complete table of contents and excerpts from
these and other lubrication-related books, or to order online, visit
store.noria.com or call 1-800-597-5460, ext. 204.
The Professionals Guide to Maintenance
and Reliability Terminology
Authors: Ramesh Gulati,
Jerry Kahn and Robert Baldwin
Maintenance and reliability involve
many different people in many
different roles. If they are expected
to work efficiently, productively and
harmoniously on tasks and proj-
ects, there is a need for a common
language for communication. This
book represents a significant step
toward improving the knowledge
of and communications between
members of the maintenance and reliability profession. With
more than 3,000 entries, the compilation reflects a virtual explo-
sion of commonly practiced concepts, ideas, methodologies and
various approaches to maintenance and reliability improvements.
Reliable Plant 2017 Conference
Proceedings
Format: CD-ROM
Publisher: Noria Corporation
If you missed the learning sessions
at Reliable Plant 2017, you can still
get the conference proceedings. It
includes the papers and presenta-
tions in PDF format from nearly
every educational session. The
real-world case studies at Reliable
Plant 2017 were full of practical,
experience-based information and
tools for lubrication and reliability
programs.
Keep Our Machines Clean Poster
Publisher: Noria Corporation
This poster features 10 bulleted tips
to remind everyone that contamina-
tion control of lubricated machinery
is essential. When dirt is on the
outside of equipment, it can easily
get into the lubricant. Use this lami-
nated poster to send a clear message
that contamination control and
lubricant quality are important to
your organization.
www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 31
 CASE STUDY
Continuing the Journeyto
Lubrication
How to Determine
Excellence
B Y PRENTICE RICHARDSON, NISSAN NORTH A MERICA
Nearly five years ago, the
management team at Nissan saw
the need to create a group that
would lead the transition of its mainte-
nance lubrication teams to a world-class
level. In 2012, the Nissan stamping plant in
Smyrna, Tennessee, succeeded in winning
the John R. Battle Award from the Interna-
tional Council for Machinery Lubrication
(ICML). Since that time, Nissan has devel-
oped a better mindset, emphasizing
knowledge through education and training
in the field of lubrication. Of course, even
with a better outlook on lubrication, there
are always opportunities to improve.
Training and Education
The initial focus at the Nissan stamping
plant was on education and training. The
lubrication management group plays a
Kick-off Lubrication Program
Training classes begin
2011 2012
Plan developed Won Battle Award
and completed
32 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
significant role in this area. They set up
training classes with the lubrication teams
and are the go-to guys for resolving any
lubrication issues. Many technicians are
now educated and trained in the lubrication
field. Nissan provides Level I Machine Lubri-
cation Technician (MLT I) training and
certification testing through the ICML.
Currently, the facility has 70-plus MLT I
certifications. Additional training opportu-
nities, including supplier-sponsored and
online training, have been incorporated as The Nissan team won the 2012 John R. Battle
well. The plants oil analysis expert has Award from the International Council for Machinery
achieved his MLT I certification along with a Lubrication.
Machine Lubricant Analyst (MLA) certifica-
tion. He has been a big part of the lubrication Controlling Particle
programs success. Nissan also has ongoing
training to educate its technicians on the Contamination
importance of using an ultrasonic grease To address particle contamination, the
gun when lubing a bearing. This training is plant concentrates on all new oil brought
provided by an in-house ultrasound expert. into the facility. Armed with the knowledge
Nissans Lubrication Timeline
Capital kidney-loop
investment Lab equipment arrives
Oil storage audit system
developed and deployed Capital investment in lab
2013 2014 2015 2016
Stamping kidney-loop
Lubrication Kidney-loop audit
project completed
standards system developed
completed and deployed
www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 33
 CASE STUDY

that new oil is not necessarily clean oil, the reduce the number of contaminants before oil filtration process. By installing a kidney-
Nissan team has begun checking all received the forming process of surface parts. Previ- loop system, the plant found that
oil drums along with new bulk orders. With ously, the filtration unit was a bag filter management of the filters is easier to main-
the new Karl Fischer testing system, the system, which was difficult to maintain, with tain and more cost efficient, as the filters can
plant can now see if water is present in the
a high cost for replacement filters. Oil testing be changed quickly without having to shut
oil. This is the appropriate way to deter-
mine whether good, clean oil is being also showed signs of degradation. down the line. This has resulted in a cost
received for the equipment. After the issue was studied, it was decided savings of $166,000 through less downtime,
Another significant step Nissan has to implement kidney loops for the washing scrap reduction and overall quality.
taken to control particle contamination has
involved selecting the right grease applica-
tion for all new conveyor chains. The best
grease is now identified before new
conveyor chains are purchased to eliminate
any cross-contamination in the facility.
The stamping plant must also manage
its unique open-lube systems, which expose
many of the equipments vital parts to
particle contamination. After a thorough
investigation, it was determined that the
most cost-effective way to control contami-
nation was to use kidney-loop filtration.
With these systems in place, particle
contamination has been minimized,
resulting in downtime being reduced by
nearly 61 percent over 35 pieces of equip-
ment. Achieving this type of reduction in
downtime ensured managements support
for implementing the contamination
control and improved lubrication practices
strategy on all presses with this design.

Dirt Reduction
Nissan recently saw considerable cost
savings by decreasing the dirt in its inline
washing units. These units are used to

A kidney-loop system was installed to

make it easier and more cost efficient to
manage and maintain filters.

34 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

 ML

A New Style of Preventive
Maintenance
At this stage in the program, Nissans
team had already tackled several of its
biggest problems and had seen significant
improvement in both uptime and employee
morale. Moving on to address other
important issues, the team evaluated the
plants preventive maintenance (PM) and
decided to introduce a new style of PM that
would offer clear direction as to what was
to be inspected, which lubricant to use and
how much, as well as pictures for easy iden-
tification. The key was to engage all the
technicians to assist in the process.
Now when PMs are generated and
distributed, the technicians gather the
necessary information from the equipment
and write it on the PM. They also add any
additional information about the equip-
ment that may not be listed and mark off
anything that does not apply. Calculations
are then made to ensure that not only is the
lubricant correct but also the quantities
and application frequencies. This data
along with the related pictures are put into
the new format and released the next time
the PM is performed. The PM-optimizing young, with strong roots in education,
process has been a great opportunity for all unquestionable management support for
personnel in the facility to strive for the best sustainability, standardization of proce-
results with their lubrication practices. dures based on best practices, trending of
critical metrics, use of information tech-
Onsite Analysis nology and a commitment to continuous
Another crucial component of Nissans improvement, the plant is definitely moving
lubrication program is its onsite laboratory, in the right direction.
which has proven its effectiveness in
predicting failures and monitoring current
equipment conditions. The lab has analyzed
Hydraulics Downtime by Year
and optimized existing routes, and estab-
lished a schedule for them to be performed (in Minutes)
on a monthly basis. If a problem is discov- 25,000
ered or a trend changes, the lab can adjust
the equipment testing accordingly. This 20,000
method has been successful in identifying
15,000
problems and allowing the maintenance
groups to plan repairs. With this process, 10,000
the lab has freed up additional time, which
is now used to evaluate new equipment that 5,000
can be added to the routes, such as drop
lifters and overhead conveyor drives. 0
2014 2015 2016
Management Support
Having the support of technicians and The Nissan plant has seen an overall
management has been critical in Nissans reduction in downtime of more than 60
success. Although the program is still very percent.

Maintenance Oil Usage 2014-2016

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0
April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. March
2014 6,354 5,901 5,787 6,057 4,512 6,741 4,864 5,934 3,290 4,128 4,684 7,253
2015 4,808 5,171 5,445 4,487 5,510 6,027 6,455 5,530 4,644 4,526 5,204 4,211
2016 5,315 3,913 4,946 3,639 3,787 2,858 3,074 3,163 1,735 2,744 125

Good lubrication practices have led to reduced oil consumption.

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 35

PRODUCT NEWS DIESEL ENGINE OILS
Petro-Canadas new heavy-duty diesel engine oils are formulated
to meet the latest CK-4 and FA-4 standards set by the American
Petroleum Institute (API). Incorporating leading-edge lubricant
technology, premium additives and pure base oils, the Duron
Next Generation line is available in four performance tiers: Duron
HP (high performance), Duron SHP (super-high performance),
Duron UHP (ultra-high performance) and Duron Advanced,
which will serve as the companys API FA-4 approved product
and be offered in 10W-30.
Petro-Canada
www.petro-canada.ca
800-668-0220

ACOUSTIC LUBRICATION ASSISTANT

The new LUBExpert lubrication and greasing assis-
tant from SDT combines measurement capabilities
with a unique user interface and intelligent algo-
rithms to guide lube technicians before, during and
after regreasing. It can remind users of the correct
lubricant and location, identify the proper inter-
val, prevent overlubrication and underlubrication
with the right quantity, and provide indicators for
lubrication and bearing condition. With only a few
machine parameters, the LUBExpert can also mon-
itor each stroke of grease and its effects on bearing
friction and temperature.
SDT
www.sdtultrasound.com
800-667-5325
FLASH POINT TESTERS
Stanhope-Setas new flash point testers allow operators
to quickly and reliably test oil samples in-house. The
Setaflash Series 3 Testers are suitable for laboratory
or portable tests and are ideal for use where space is
limited. The compact instruments feature a simple user
interface with color digital display and touchscreen icons
that guide the operator through a straightforward test-
ing process. A test typically takes less than 2 minutes to
perform and requires just 2 milliliters of test sample.
Stanhope-Seta
www.stanhope-seta.co.uk
+44(0)1932-564391

HEAVY-DUTY ENGINE OILS

The new Rubia Optima engine oils from Total Specialties are intended to help limit carbon-
dioxide emissions while improving fuel consumption and oxidation resistance. The lubricants
also comply with the new CK-4 and FA-4 specifications defined by the American Petroleum
Institute. The Rubia Optima 1100 15W-40 and 1100 FE 10W-30 both meet the new CK-4 spec-
ification. The 1100 FE 10-W30 is designed to lower viscosity and offer fuel economy benefits.
The Rubia Optima 2100 XFE 10W-30, which meets the FA-4 specification, enables extra fuel
economy by reducing high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity.
Total Specialties
www.totalspecialties.com
713-969-4600

36 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

PORTABLE MAGNETOMETER
Spectro Scientifics new FerroCheck is a portable magnetometer
for measuring ferrous wear particles in lubricating fluids. It
enables users to perform measurements in the field or in the lab
to analyze gearbox, transmission and other fluids used in fleet
and industrial maintenance applications. The device works by
sensing the disruption of a magnetic field, which is generated due
to the presence of ferrous debris, specifically iron, in the oil. The
instrument can detect particles from nanometers to millimeters
in size and has a sensitivity range of 0-2,500 parts per million.
Spectro Scientific
www.spectrosci.com
978-486-0123
CONDITION MONITORING DEVICES
The new Proflo USB-IR Adaptor and Assist Software
from Compressor Products International are designed
to monitor compressor lubrication systems. The adap-
tor and software read and transfer information from the
Proflo PF1 monitoring device, which records the average
cycle time for each 30-minute block of lubrication sys-
tem operation to a Microsoft Windows-based laptop,
tablet or other USB-equipped device through the use of
infrared technology. The accompanying software then
presents the cycle time trend data to operations and
maintenance personnel.
Compressor Products International
www.cpicompression.com
800-675-6646
FLUID MONITOR AND
CONTROL SYSTEMS
The Greenlight Continuous Concentration
Monitor and Acts Fluid Monitor and Con-
trol System from Houghton International
are engineered to provide greater control of
water-based metal-cutting fluids, aqueous
quenchants, water-glycol hydraulic fluids and
offshore fluids. The Greenlight fluid moni-
tor is a self-contained measurement system
that uses refractive index sensor technology
for continuous concentration monitoring of
metalworking fluids. The Acts Fluid Monitor
and Control System measures pH, tempera-
ture, conductivity and other fluid properties,
as well as concentration via refractive index. It
offers automatic concentration control capa-
bility by controlling six relay outputs for addi-
tions of water, fluid concentrates or additives.
Houghton International
www.houghtonintl.com
800-666-4684
BIO-BASED LUBRICANTS
RSC Bio Solutions new line of bio-based lubricants
is derived from a plant-based material to meet the
most stringent environmental regulations while
improving performance, increasing uptime and
enhancing system longevity. Futerra is an environ-
mentally acceptable lubricant (EAL) that offers
performance in both wet and dry environments and
can withstand extreme conditions, including contact
with water in high pressures and extreme tempera-
tures. As an EAL from a renewable hydrocarbon
resource, it can be a drop-in replacement for mineral
oil or petroleum-based lubricants.
RSC Bio Solutions
www.rscbio.com
800-661-3558
www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 37
 NOW ON MACHINERYLUBRICATION.COM
FIND MORE GREAT ARTICLES AND CONTENT FROM Machinery Lubrication magazine
online. From web exclusives and industry news to videos, white papers, buyers guides and more,
everything that relates to machinery lubrication is available now on www.MachineryLubrication.com.

Analyzing Wear Debris How to Identify Proper when selecting a lubricant for these unique
components in order to reduce friction and
in Engine Oils Gear Oil Viscosity prevent rust and corrosion.
As any machine Viscosity
operates, it affects the Monitoring Oil Degradation
is bound to frictional heat
that is gener- in Gas Engines
produce a set
ated in all Oils can break
amount of wear
rotating equip- down in a variety
debris. How this
ment due to of ways. One
wear debris is
both metal-to- of the most
generated will
metal contact prevalent ways is
be dependent on many factors, including
and the oils the degradation
the lubricant being used, the operating
internal fric- of the base oil.
condition of the machine and the clean-
tion. It also Read this article on the ML site to learn
liness of the fluid. Understand how to
governs the
determine the location of wear and what the most widespread form of degradation,
sealing effect
an increasing wear rate indicates by reading as well as how you can ensure that you are
of oils and the
this article on the ML site. changing the oil on time before it goes bad
rate of oil consumption. Check out this
or excessive wear occurs inside an engine.
article on the ML site to discover how to
3 Reasons Why Oil Analysis identify the proper viscosity for a synthetic
Programs Fail gear oil as well as its possible applications FEATURED WHITE PAPERS
and recommended laboratory tests. MachineryLubrication.com is the
place to turn for white papers on a
Advice for Lubricating host of lubrication-related topics.
Heres a sampling of the latest
Wire Ropes white papers that are currently
available for download:
Advances in Water Removal from
Turbine, Gear and Hydraulic Oil
Can Lubricants Extend
Machinery Life?
Measuring Gross Water
An oil analysis program can offer a huge Contamination in Turbine and
return on your investment. It also can easily Industrial Oils with FluidScan
fail to provide those returns if not managed and Homogenizer Preparation
Wire ropes and cables are used in a
properly. Access this 2-minute, 57-second number of different applications, but they Check out the full list of white
papers by visiting www.Machinery-
video to find out how to avoid three of the can be difficult to lubricate. Access this Lubrication.com and clicking on the
most common reasons why oil analysis 1-minute, 30-second video to hear about White Papers link.
programs fail. two important factors you should consider

54%
of lubrication professionals use funnels
for topping up machines at their plant,
based on a recent survey
at MachineryLubrication.com

38 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
THIS MONTH, MACHINERY LUBRICATION CONTINUES
ITS TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE SECTION in which we Stay Connected With Noria
focus on a group of questions from Norias Practice Exam for
Level I Machine Lubrication Technician and Machine Lubricant
Analyst. The answers are located at the bottom of this page. The
complete 126-question practice test with expanded answers is
available at store.noria.com.

1. The best location for a filter to achieve low-cost

dirt removal is: Follow us on Twitter
A) At the suction side of the pump
https://twitter.com/NoriaCorp
B) After the pump in the pressure line
C) In the return line
D) In an off-line (kidney-loop) system
E) No specific location has any advantage

2. The concentration of wear debris:

A) Always increases throughout the oil circulating system
B) Varies throughout the oil circulating system
Like us on Facebook
C) Always decreases throughout the oil circulating system
D) Is constant throughout the oil system http://www.facebook.com/noriacorp
E) Varies with the pressure in the oil system

3. Which component generally requires the cleanest oil?

A) High-pressure hydraulics
B) Gears
C) Engines
D) Turbines
E) Journal bearings Connect with us on LinkedIn
https://www.linkedin.com/company
/noria-corporation

and the fact that contaminant sensitivity increases disproportionally to pressure.

This is due to the delicate components of hydraulic systems such as servo valves
3. A
before the filter.
example, the concentration of wear debris after the filter will be much less than
It varies throughout the system because of the many components included. For
2. B

most of the dirt accumulates.

The off-line (kidney-loop) system is normally connected to the oil reservoir where
1. D
Continue learning with us on YouTube
Answers http://www.youtube.com/user/noriacorp

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 39

 Oil Analysis

IN THE TRENCHES
W ES C ASH | N ORIA C ORPORATION

Why You Should

CROSSCHECK Your
OIL ANALYSISLab
I t has been a couple years now
since the birth of my first child.
I remember going to the
doctors appointments with my
wife where countless exams and
tests were conducted to confirm that the
Most oil
analysis
practitioners
norm with oil analysis data, it does happen.
Each result should be scrutinized and
reviewed. Look for anything that seems out
of the ordinary. At the end of the day, labs
can make mistakes, so it is up to you to
ensure the integrity of your data.
pregnancy was progressing as it should.
There were measurements, readings and assume the In the past, oil analysis services were
offered in which quarterly samples would
occasionally blood tests. One of the blood
tests was designed to look for genetic data from their be taken from machines and the results
analyzed, with the customer taking the
abnormalities. The literature on this test
explained there was a chance for false posi- laboratory is corresponding action. The methodology
was very pedestrian. If the results were
tives as well as false negatives. Several
samples were taken to ensure the test was accurate and labeled as green, nothing was done. If the
results were marked as yellow, another
performed accurately and the results could
be verified. irrefutable, but sample would be taken in the coming
weeks. If the sample was flagged as red, the
Our son was born happy and healthy,
but the memories of all the testing and the this may not oil and filters were changed. There was no
in-depth analysis, and whatever data was
quest for accuracy with the results stayed
with me. Similarly, when you receive always be the presented on the lab reports was treated as
absolute truth.
medical advice that you dont like or accept,
you usually seek a second opinion from a case. While this approach was overly
simplistic, it yielded decent results for
different doctor or hospital. Although
sometimes you may get better news or
different results, oftentimes the same
results come back, further substantiating
the thoughts or recommendations of your
doctors. This same logic can be applied to
oil analysis laboratories.

Ensure the Integrity

of Your Oil Analysis Data
How many times have you sent off an oil
sample and had results come back that
seemed odd or with information that you
just couldnt accept? While this isnt the

40 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 41
 IN THE TRENCHES

individuals in the field. However, if the lab
made a mistake and reported a fluid prop-
erty, wear or contamination parameter in a
critical or red state, immediate action was
taken, which normally meant dumping the
oil charge and replacing the filters without
ever taking a follow-up sample to confirm
the evidence of an issue. If even one of those
red reports had been a false positive, you
could have avoided several man-hours of
work and in some cases thousands of
dollars in replacement parts. This could
have easily paid for the secondary sample or
follow-up action required to ensure the lab
results were accurate.
When you receive less than desirable oil
analysis results, the first step generally is to
take a follow-up or confirming sample to
send to the laboratory for more testing.
Although this is an easy process to imple-
ment, it requires diligence on the part of
the individual reviewing the data as well as
the person taking the sample. If the orig-
inal sample comes back in a critical alarm,
taking another sample and sending it to
the lab for immediate analysis must be
pushed to the top of the priority list. This
works well for most organizations that are
willing to rely on the lab to have its own
standards and policies for ensuring repeat-
ability of the tests. Others would rather
take this into their own hands and be the
masters of their own data.
Onsite Oil Analysis
With many manufacturers of laboratory
instruments now offering smaller and
easier-to-use equipment for field applica-
tions, onsite oil analysis is becoming
increasingly popular. These devices can
perform a vast array of tests on used oil and
provide useful data in nearly real time. Of
course, the same consistency concerns that
those who do make the proper investment
in equipment and staff, the onsite lab
should never replace sending periodic
samples to an outside commercial labora-
tory. In most cases, the commercial lab will
be able to perform more specialized tests
than the onsite lab and can serve as a
crucial check of your internal testing proto-
cols and equipment accuracy.
Checking a Labs Accuracy
One way to check the accuracy of any
oil analysis laboratory is by using what is
commonly referred to as a tracer sample.
Think of this as a blind test to determine
whether your sample preparation and
results are what they should be. You can
use the same fluid in multiple samples or
change the fluid to see what the results
will be.
The best practice is to utilize a reference
sample of new oil, which you can then use
to check for signs of additive depletion,
reason, but this merits a phone call to
viscosity changes or other physical property
discuss the results. This process is equally
differences. Instead of extracting a single
effective for onsite labs. Just be sure they
sample of new oil, you could take several.
dont know when a tracer sample is coming.
This will provide a bank of oil samples from
To check the accuracy of specific tests,
the same batch of new oil. These now
such as elemental analysis or particle
become your tracer samples.
counting, you might choose to employ
Send the first tracer sample to the lab
different fluids. For example, an ultra-clean
and have it tested against the normal test
lamp oil could be used to test a particle
slate. The results should be archived.
counter. If a sample of this type of oil is sent
Several months later, send another tracer to
for particle counting, the results should be
the lab for analysis. Remember, oil ages,
very low. If high particle counts are seen, it
even inside a sample bottle, but the change
could be an indication that something is
is very slight. Therefore, the results of the
not working properly.
additional tests should be in the same
Turbine oil can be used for checking
range. If the results vary widely, there is an
elemental analysis. Most oil analysis results
issue with either the testing equipment or in
for turbine oils appear as a blank slate in
the sample preparation. Ultimately, it will
the elemental signature. Sending a sample
be up to the laboratory to determine the
of a known turbine oil and then analyzing
the results in the elemental spectrum can

commercial laboratories must overcome
also apply to onsite labs. These issues can
be even more difficult for onsite laborato-
ries due to the training and calibration
requirements of much of the equipment.
Still, these are fantastic tools for any oil
analysis program.
Far too often when auditing lubrication
programs, I see companies that have
invested in testing equipment but do not
properly maintain it or dedicate adequate
personnel for its upkeep and use. Even for
25%
of lubrication professionals
say they would not under-
stand how to interpret an oil
analysis report received from
a commercial laboratory,
based on a recent survey at
MachineryLubrication.com
provide good information on the repeat-
ability and accuracy of a lab.
Some companies prefer to use multiple
commercial laboratories to test the same
sample of oil and then compare the results.
This is quite common and encouraged for
the utmost data accuracy. While this may
not be feasible for every oil sample, it is
good practice to periodically send the same
sample from a critical machine to two
different labs and run the same test slate
just to ensure your data is trustworthy.

42 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com

 ML

ASTM Crosscheck Program rest easy knowing that the data you receive is as accurate as possible.
And, as always, double-checking your lab is never a bad idea.
Most oil analysis practitioners assume the data from their laboratory
is accurate and irrefutable, but this may not always be the case. Routine
About the Author
checking of your lab is crucial. Fortunately, a system already exists for this
Wes Cash is the director of technical services for Noria Corporation. He
practice, known as the ASTM Crosscheck Program. Although this
serves as a senior technical consultant for Lubrication Program Development
program is voluntary, it can confirm when a lab is able to produce accu-
projects and as a senior instructor for Norias Oil Analysis II and Machinery
rate, consistent results. Lubrication I and II training courses. Wes holds a Machine Lubrication Techni-
The program is based on different types of oil testing, but includes cian (MLT) Level II certification and a Machine Lubricant Analyst (MLA) Level
several common tests that would be performed on industrial fluids, such III certification through the International Council for Machinery Lubrication
as viscosity, particle counting and elemental analysis. As with most (ICML). Contact Wes at wcash@noria.com to learn how Noria can help you
programs like this, there are various subcommittees for different oil appli- ensure the integrity of your oil analysis results.
cations, such as automotive and turbines. Regardless of the oil type, the
testing parameters should be consistent no matter which lab conducts
the test.
The program is quite simple. Oil samples are sent to participating
laboratories and tested. All the results are then gathered and analyzed
to determine how accurate the labs are in achieving similar results from
similar oil samples. This is important information to look for or request
when using a commercial laboratory. Ask if the lab participates in the
crosscheck program and if it has any other quality-control accredita-
tions. Sometimes these questions alone are enough to shed light on a
laboratorys shortcomings.
If you plan to conduct your own crosscheck by utilizing the tracer
method or employing multiple labs, make certain they all run the tests
according to the same ASTM method. Even with some of the more
common tests like elemental analysis, there are several ways in which they
can be performed, with each producing slightly different results. To help
minimize this risk, always ask or instruct the lab which ASTM standard of
the test will be used. Also, be sure to select methods that can be cross-
checked by either your onsite lab or another commercial laboratory.
If you suspect an issue with the testing, at the very least you should call
the laboratory and ask for the test to be performed again. Most labs keep
a small amount of each sample, commonly referred to as the retain. The
retain can often be retested to confirm or potentially correct any error in
the original sample. This practice is at the discretion of the laboratory, so
it will require a conversation between you and your lab. This is more
common among commercial laboratories and much harder for onsite
labs to accommodate.
As you continue to refine your oil analysis program, keep in mind
that the data from your laboratory may be incorrect. Use these recom-
mendations and have an open conversation with your lab so you can

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 43

 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION
Lube Program HELPS
Anglo American Increase
ASSET RELIABILITY
MARCELLO GRACIA, CONFIALUB
Anglo American is one of the
worlds largest mining enterprises.
In 2008, the company purchased
the Minas-Rio project for mining iron ore in
Brazil. Consisting of a mine, a beneficiation
plant, a filtration plant, a pipeline spanning
more than 325 miles and a port where iron ore
is shipped, the $8.8 billion investment
included hundreds of assets. To ensure asset
availability, Anglo American employed several
key strategies, such as reliability-centered
maintenance (RCM), failure mode and effects
analysis (FMEA), predictive techniques (oil
analysis, vibration and thermography), and
online monitoring (vibration and tempera-
ture). However, perhaps most important was
the implementation of a well-designed lubri-
cation program. This program has resulted
in significant financial gains and was chosen
to receive the 2015 John R. Battle Award by
the International Council for Machinery
Lubrication (ICML) for excellence in
machinery lubrication.
The Journey
At the Minas-Rio mine, lubricants, refriger-
ants and fuels are constantly in contact with
sensitive asset components. Anglo American
determined that efficient management of the
contamination and cleanliness levels of these
fluids could lead to improved equipment
performance, optimized component life
cycles, increased asset availability and reduced
maintenance costs. The challenge would be to
keep the fluids clean, cool and dry in order to
obtain these benefits.
When a structured plan was created, it
focused on three elements: the people, equip-
ment and methods. The first stage started in
October 2013 and included implementation
44 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
Lubrication Programs
of a training program for personnel on best
practices as well as selection of an oil analysis
laboratory. Specifications were developed to
ensure proper receipt, storage, handling,
filtering, measuring and application of lubri-
cants. To prevent contamination by the
external environment, vents, quick couplers,
sampling valves, etc., were also utilized.
The second phase of the plan began in April The plants lubrication workshop
(external view)
2015. It involved creating procedures for the
management of clean fluids, writing specifica-
tions for the oil analysis lab, installing shielding
devices, commissioning the tanking station,
mapping application opportunities for special
and synthetic lubricants, and conducting an
audit of the clean fluids practices.
In addition, between 2015 and 2016, An internal view of the plants
several training classes were held for lubrication workshop
Minas-Rio personnel. These classes resulted in
the ICML certification of 20 employees as a
Level I Machine Lubrication Technician or
Machine Lubricant Analyst. Additional
training classes are scheduled for 2017.
The third stage was recently launched and
is scheduled to be completed in December
2017. This phase will see full operation of the The pipeline lubrication workshop
oil analysis lab, development of the training
program with leaders and lubricators, due to oil filtering activities. The certifica-
embedded filtering to increase the produc- tion program has been essential in the
tivity of lubrication teams, improvement in cultural change process, placing Minas-Rio
safety conditions, maintenance of fluid clean- in a prominent position nationally and in the
liness levels in critical equipment, continuity mining industry. The clean fluids initiative is
of audit processes and continuous improve- in the assessment process and may soon be
ment initiatives. used as a reference within the company and
on a worldwide basis. This year will be
The Results extremely important for the mine in consoli-
So far, the lubrication program has dating its practices, continuing to develop
generated considerable cost savings its culture and measuring tangible gains in
thanks to reduced lubricant consumption, reduced maintenance costs and increased
extended oil changes and avoided acquisitions asset reliability.
CERTIFICATION NEWS
RECENT RECIPIENTS OF ICML CERTIFICATIONS
Brent Costa, MLA I
Carlos Omar Peralta Lamaure,
MLA II
Jimmy Paul Solano Villalta,
MLT I
Acuren
Dean Stephens, MLA I
Alcoa
Arleilson Pimentel Marinho,
MLA I
Emanoel de Jesus Lopes de
Lima, MLA I
Igo Sales Santana, MLA I
Isael de Melo Albuquerque,
MLA I
Luiz Lucio Ferreira Filho, MLA I
Luiz Tarcisio Figueiredo
Assuncao, MLA I
Paulo Cesar Batista Rodrigues,
MLA I
Philip Gaddis, MLT I
Anglo American
Jeferson Faria, MLT I
Jose Antonio Perdigao, MLA II
Messias de Jesus Brandao,
MLT I
Samuel Pereira de Miranda,
MLT I
Thiago Ferreira Abreu, MLT I
Welington Araujo, MLT I
APM Terminals
Ted Johannisse, MLT I
ArcelorMittal
Darlene Austin, LLA II
Ardent Mills
Shawn Thompson, MLT I
ATI Metals
Matthew Kragness, MLT I
Beam Suntory
Karl Carney, MLT I
Brighton Beach Power
Bruno Lafreniere, MLT I
Bunge
Pedro Penaranda Portillo,
MLA I
Bureau Veritas
Andres Avelino Caceres Lara,
MLA I
THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR MACHINERY LUBRICATION (ICML) WOULD LIKE TO
CONGRATULATE PROFESSIONALS worldwide who have recently achieved certified status through
ICMLs certification programs. ICML offers certification in the areas of oil analysis and machinery
lubrication. The following is a list of recently certified professionals in the area of machinery lubri-
cation who have attained their status as a certified Machine Lubricant Analyst (MLA), Machine
Lubrication Technician (MLT) or Laboratory Lubricant Analyst (LLA).
C.C. Jensen
Rasec Varella Garcia Ferreira,
MLT I
Cargill
Cristobal Sanchez Fuente,
MLA I
M.A. Scheele, MLT I
Cascades
Marcel Houle Jr., MLT I
Cementos Lemona
Borja Pipaon, MLT I
Cenovus Energy
Chad Bannert, MLA I
Curtis Schmid, MLA I
David Gair, MLA I
Elias Antonio Soto Azuaje,
MLA I
Ernest Peterson, MLA I
Gregory Lakey, MLA I
Jamie Barsness, MLA I
Kulwant Chohan, MLA I
Matthew Robinson, MLA I
Michael Henschel, MLA I
Randall Larsen, MLA I
Royden Moon, MLA I
Steven Christensen, MLA I
Steven St. Laurent, MLA I
Timothy Klone, MLA I
Unokhaso Monofi, MLA I
Venkateshwar Rao Jamalapur,
MLA I
Century Aluminum
Dennis Burchett, MLA I
Gordon Floyd, MLA I
Ciner
Paul Saathoff, MLT I & MLA I
CNOOC
Lina Zhou, MLT I
Xiaoguang Gao, MLT I
Xu Han, MLT I
ConAgra Foods
Bevin Gay, MLT I
Charlie Weaver, MLT I
Jon Shelton, MLT I
J.W. Vaught, MLT I
Kelly Gunnels, MLT I
Mark Bostrom, MLT I
Michael Edwards, MLT I
Robert Smith Jr., MLT I
Ryan Neal, MLT I
Spencer Myers, MLT I
Cooper Tire
Jim Hatcher, MLT I
Russell Crowson, MLA I
CP Kelco
Joshua Newman, MLT I
Dale Technical Services
Nickolas Holdaway, LLA II
Detour Gold
Jean-Francois Jacques, MLT II
Jeremy Jean-Guy Lamontagne,
MLT II
Dilmar Oil Co.
James Faulkwell III, MLT I
Mark Glowacki, MLT I
Timothy Bell, MLT I
Divemotor
Manuel Renato Best, MLA I
Domtar
Nick Golden, MLT I
Ryan Scott, MLT I
Dura-Bar
Peter Schumacher, MLA II
Robert Peterson, MLA II
Enagas
Fernando Hidalgo Mompean,
MLA I
Fernando Jose Manobel
Ponce, MLA I
Erdemir
Deniz Derecicegi, MLA I
Ozlem Baydar, MLA I
ES3
Christopher Orr, LLA II
ESB Moneypoint
Jim McArdle, MLA II
Exelon
Troy Sachsenmaier, MLT I
Firm Synergy
Mohammad Faizal Bin Fadzilah,
MLA II
First Quality Tissue
Christopher Law, MLT I
Fluid Life
Marc Pinkerton, MLT I
Michael Lyon, MLT I
Fluor Driver
Michael Horsnall, MLA I
Freeport McMoran
Armando Martinez, MLT I
Fuchs
Yan Yang, MLT I
Fuzhou Daohe Lubricants
Rihua Wu, MLT I
General Engineering
Services
Mohammad Mahmod Al-Shi-
nawi, MLA I
Nauman Rana, MLA II Need to take
Georgia Biomass
Anthony Kosidowski, MLT I
an exam?
ICML regularly holds exam
Georgia-Pacific sessions throughout the
Christen LeGette, MLT I United States and the
Frank Varano, MLT I world. Upcoming dates
Hubert Koscik, MLT I
and locations for ICML
James March, MLT I
exams can be found at
Jason Boyles, MLT I
www.lubecouncil.org.
Jordan Howard, MLT I
Michael Williams, MLT I
Richard Lux, MLT I
Ricky Remaly, MLT I
Stan Strickland, MLT II
Steven Chism, MLT I
Timothy Grant, MLT I ICML Certifications
Gerdau LLA I
Bruno Dias Suzarte, MLT I
L ABORATORY LUBRICANT
Diogo Alves Pessoa, MLT I
A NALYST LEVEL I
Goldcorp
MLA I
Patrick Lessard, MLT I
Pierrick Lemire, MLT I M ACHINE LUBRICANT
Google A NALYST LEVEL I
Derek Whitfield, MLA II
MLA II
Hochschild Mining
M ACHINE LUBRICANT
Eduardo Simon Flores Marcos, A NALYST LEVEL II
MLA I
Jorge Luis Franco Sullca, MLA III
MLA I M ACHINE LUBRICANT
A NALYST LEVEL III
Hongqi Instrument
Jindong Huang, MLT I
MLT I
Hooten Oil
M ACHINE LUBRICATION
Richard Farris, MLT I
TECHNICIAN LEVEL I
Hudbay
Edwin Jose Chambi Mestas, MLT II
MLA I M ACHINE LUBRICATION
Ingredion TECHNICIAN LEVEL II
Matthew Strout, MLT I
www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 45
 CERTIFICATION NEWS
International Paper
Aliandro Luiz Barbosa da
Silva, MLT I
Vinicius Gomes Pereira, MLT I
Invicta
Irmelin Roberg, LLA I
Kevin Hughes, LLA I
Kine Grov, LLA I
Robert Roed, LLA I
Kirton Neipp, MLA II
Irish Naval Service
Brian Beehan, MLA I
Colin Wallace, MLA I
David OHara, MLA I
Elaine Moloney, MLA I
Karl Malone, MLA I
Martin Donnachie, MLA I
Padraig Crawford, MLA I
Richard Kinsella, MLA I
Shane Hackett, MLA I
J.D. Irving
Connor McDonough, MLT I
Eric Roy, MLT I
Jarrett Steele, MLT I
Ryan Fawcett, MLT I
JAtech Services
Jay Armstrong, MLT I
Michael Jacques, MLT I
JC Industrial
Xuehui Hu, MLT I
K-Electric
Abdus Sami Khan, MLA II
Ateeq Mubashir Farooqi,
MLA II
Faizan Azhar, MLA II
Muhammad Nouman Saeed,
MLA II
Muhammad Waqas Ansari,
MLA II
Syed Zamin Ali Zaidi, MLA II
Umer Khalid, MLA II
Waqar Ahmed, MLA II
Kimberly-Clark
Steven Morgan, MLA I
Kinder Morgan
Dwight Small, MLA I
Kinsajasa
Mohd Fauzy Bin Abdul Latif,
MLA II
Yeo Tze Ying, MLA II
LafargeHolcim
Eric Prena, MLT I
Laurentide Controls
Benoit Ouimet, MLT I
Hugo Racine, MLT I & MLA I
Mathieu Touzin, MLT I
Patrick Simpson, MLT I
Levenhagen Corp.
Torrey Levenhagen, MLT II
46 | July - August 2017 | www.machinerylubrication.com
& MLA II
Louisiana Pacific
Dominic Thibault, MLT I
Martin Forget, MLT I
Mavom
Arjen Korzilius, MLT I
Maxion Wheels
Shane Muths, MLA II
MidAmerican Energy Co.
Anthony Valek, MLA II
Edmund Jackson III, MLA II
Minera Chinalco
Dhany Milton Parra
Zambrano, MLA I
Juan Pablo Cerron Casas,
MLA I
Juan Paulo Luy Marquez,
MLT I
Mississippi Lime Co.
Andrew Brooks, MLA I
Anton Schneier, MLT I
Cory French, MLA I
Craig Pfeifer, MLA I
Jack Grass, MLA I
Joe Koetting, MLA I
John Kraenzle, MLA I
Kenny Basler, MLA I
Steve Reynolds, MLA I
Mosaic Co.
Danielle Keith, MLT I
James English, MLT I
Jason Wood, MLT I
Kyle Ballard, MLT I
Larry ONeal, MLT I Rodney Day, MLT I
Lars Emery, MLT I
Mitchell Wright, MLT I
Robert Bond, MLT I
Rocky Sonnier, MLT I
Ryan Finnegan, MLT I
Tyler Scheele, MLT I
MRG Laboratories
Richard Janosky Jr., LLA II
Nanoc
Emy Marlina binti Samsudin,
MLA II
Nestle
Shawn Hinrichs, MLA II
Ningbo Wanhua
Polyurethanes Co.
Chao Wang, MLT I
Peitao Chen, MLT I
Noria
David Dise, MLT I
Jeremie Edwards, MLT II
Michael Brown, MLT II
Sergio Adame, MLT I
Travis Richardson, MLT II
OK Tedi Mining
Andrew Wai, MLA I
Carolyne Dobunaba, MLA I
Leonard Kasa, MLA I
Oklahoma Gas & Electric
Jon Capps, MLA I
Owens Corning
Roger Story, MLA II
Potash Corp. of Saskatchewan
Chad Cunningham, MLA I
Curtis Kutnikoff, MLA I
Darren Lowe, MLA I
Landon Chess, MLA I
Lonnie Griffin, MLA I
Luc Poissant, MLA I
Michael Leason, MLA I
Michael Pawlychyn, MLA I
Ravi Ramdeo, MLA I
Ray Wall, MLA I
Scott Gibney, MLA I
Sean McBrine, MLA I
Shawn Ostergard, MLA I
PetroChina Dalian
Lubricating Oil Research
and Development Center
Li Wang, MLT I
PetroChina DaQing
Petrochemical Co.
Xu Han, MLT I
Petronas
Mohd Zafuan Bin Mohd
Zainal, MLA II
Muhammad Husni Bin
Mohammad Sani, MLA II
Phillips 66
Qin Li, MLT I
PhosChem Supply
Christopher Moore, MLT I
Plains Midstream Canada
Matthew Wardell, MLT I
Prairie State Generating Co.
Nathan Stern, MLT I
Praxair
Bradley Loucks, MLA II
Stefan Woloshyn, MLA I
PT Pertamina
Afwan Halim, MLT I
Brahma Putra Mahayana,
MLT I
Delian Kurniawan, MLT I
Gilang Lazuardi, MLT I
Juni Ihwanda, MLT I
Komang Wira Kardita, MLT I
Nursinggih Andhi Surachman,
MLT I
Suprastowo Suprastowo,
MLT I
Tri Purwanto, MLT I
Puspeka
Arvin Than A/L Venugopal,
MLA I
Khairulzanee Bin Che
Muhammad, MLA I
Mohd Fitri Al-Hafiz Bin
Amdan, MLA I
Zamani Bin Mohd Sanip,
MLA I
Rusal Aughinish
Brian Corrigan, MLA I
Mike Shine, MLA I
Stephen Allen, MLA I
Saica
James Blair, MLT I
Sanmen Nuclear Power
Ling Xu, MLT I
Yuanliang Lv, MLT I
Saudi Aramco
Elmer Lanutan Dimacaling,
MLA I
Mohammed Abdulraouf
Ahmed, MLA I
Mohammed Ali Alharthi,
MLA I
Nezar Turki Alshehri, MLA I
Schwans Food Co.
Daryl Knox, MLA I
Eric Rowland, MLA I
Trevor Baker, MLA I
Seven Trent Green Power
James Todd, MLA I
Shell
Franklin Anak Tom, MLA I
Shenzhen Aitai Total
Lubrication Excellence Co.
Neil Duncan, MLA I
SKF
David Ricardo Santos Canqui,
MLT I
Khashayar Hajiahmad, MLA III
Solinas Benelux
Dave Suijkerbuijk, MLT I
Soltrak
Alex Rodrigo Lazoriga
Sandoval, MLA I
Breyker Herrera Vasquez,
MLA I
Carlos Castro Contreras,
MLT I
Dalton Saldana Huaman,
MLA I
Josymar Jhonnell Carazas
Solier, MLT I
Juan Jose Levano Leonardo,
MLT I
Liz Deysi Huincho Espesa,
MLA I
Nelly Rojas Ramon, MLA I
Ofelia Karina Crispin Vega,
MLT I
Sonac
Jeroen Iking, MLT I
Step Energy Services
Dale Constantine, MLT I
SunCoke Energy
Brandon Lisch, MLT II
Tahoe Resources
Richard Henry Sanchez
Calderon, MLT I
Tamko Building Products
Billy Talbott, MLT I
James Shannon, MLT I
Joseph Maliszewski, MLT I
Teck Coal
Adam Frank, MLA I
Allan Laidlaw, MLA I
Brad Cox, MLA I
Budgie (August) Feller, MLA I
Channing Cole, MLA I
Greg Hollenbeck, MLA I
Jay Publicover, MLA I
Jonathan Morehouse, MLA I
Mike Fediuk, MLA I
William Stannus, MLA I
Tenaga Nasional
Mohd Hermi Bin Zainuddin,
MLA II
Syukry Bin Hassan, MLA II
TestOil
Christina Harsoulas, LLA I
TNB Janamanjung
Mohd Nurulhisam Bin Zainal
Abidin, MLA I
UPM
USG
Phillip Laforme, MLA I
Verso
David Beisaw, MLT I
Jim Cichanofsky, MLT I
Kenneth Pomelow, MLT I
Lawrence Bibeau, MLT I
Tom Lutz, MLT I
Wartsila
Michael Bosch, MLT I
Weyerhaeuser
Paulette Crawford, MLT I
Yii-Kei (Xiamen) Trading Co.
Chung-Min Chen, MLT I
Jung-Hao Chung, MLT I
Yung-Li Chin, MLT I
Zellstoff Celgar
Jose Rabell, MLT I
Zhengzhou Auto
Fei Cao, MLT I
Haiping Xue, MLT I
Zhuhai Langcheng
Lubricating Material
Zhu Weizhong, MLA
 SAVE THE DATE
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PRACTICAL OIL ANALYSIS
Buenos Aires, Argentina August 8-10, 2017 FUNDAMENTALS OF MACHINERY LUBRICATION ADVANCED OIL ANALYSIS
Daegu, South Korea August 21-24, 2017 Daegu, South Korea September 18-21, 2017
OIL ANALYSIS I
Johannesburg, South Africa August 15-16, 2017 September MACHINERY LUBRICATION I
OIL ANALYSIS II MACHINERY LUBRICATION II Kingston, Jamaica September 19-21, 2017
Johannesburg, South Africa August 17, 2017 Johannesburg, South Africa September 11-14, 2017
WORLD-CLASS MACHINERY LUBRICATION
OIL ANALYSIS III OIL ANALYSIS I
EIbar, Spain September 19-21, 2017
Johannesburg, South Africa August 18, 2017 Ottawa, Canada September 12-14, 2017
MACHINERY LUBRICATION I ADVANCED OIL ANALYSIS OIL ANALYSIS I/MACHINERY LUBRICATION I
Beijing, China August 19-21, 2017 Buenos Aires, Argentina September 12-14, 2017 Bangkok, Thailand September 19-22, 2017

ICML certification testing is available for most of the courses listed.

Visit www.lubecouncil.org for certification information and test dates.

Let Noria help you solve tough lubrication

problems and discover the root cause of
equipment and lubrication failures. noria.com

For more information visit noria.com

www.machinerylubrication.com | July - August 2017 | 48

 THE OLD WAY THE NEW WAY

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glasses. The Luneta Sight Glass provides a crystal- Sight Glass Features
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Go to noria.com/quicktips/ for more videos.
TRAINING GUIDE
TRAINING THAT
WORKS
FIGHTING THE
FORGETFUL
BRAIN
Our brains tendency is
to discard information
when not needed. Find
out why on page 4. >>

Industrial Lubrication Fundamentals | Machinery Lubrication | Oil Analysis

 WHY NORIA?
THE DIFFERENCE IS IN THE DETAILS.
Noria Is A Global Authority
In Machinery Lubrication
And Oil Analysis
Each year, Noria trains thousands of
professionals worldwide spanning all
types of mechanized industries and over 10
different languages on innovative plant
reliability measures through excellence in
machine lubrication.
Inspire Productive
Change Through Education
Noria continues to pursue a mission
of inspiring change through education
by providing customers with the tools,
resources and expertise to achieve the
tremendous potential that lubrication
excellence has to offer.
Training For Every Level
For plant-wide lubrication excellence,
Noria not only can train personnel with
no technical background to apply best
lubrication practices but also specialized
engineers and analysts charged with
managing maintenance teams.
Noria offers five different nationally
recognized courses on lubrication and
oil analysis, with four of these including
certification preparation.
Satisfaction Guarantee
Noria proudly stands behind our training
courses. If youre not satisfied with the
information and insights you gain at these
events, well refund 100% of your paid
registration fee.

Our Team
Norias team of experts combines a wide
variety of industry experience in reliability,
engineering and lubrication excellence to
provide world-class instruction, technical
consulting, failure investigation and program/
analysis development.
In addition to extensive experience, Norias
team relies on a large network of industry
leaders to stay on top of the newest
technologies and client needs. Our team works
hard to bring the best services and
highest level of expertise to every
one of our clients.

2
 TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Flexible To Your Needs
We know your time is valuable and often Fighting the Forgetful brain 4
scarce. To accommodate our customers, Noria
can go beyond a pre-scheduled public seminar Your Learning Path 6
and conduct onsite training. In addition,
instructors can modify a course's curriculum
prior to training based on customer needs Industrial Lubrication Fundamentals 8
and preferences.
Machinery Lubrication I 10
Highly Impactful
Course Material Machinery Lubrication II 12
All course material from beginner to
advanced is task-based and immediately Oil Analysis II 14
applicable in the workplace. Students receive
preventive maintenance tips and learn
Oil Analysis III 16
why every strategy is important. A more
knowledgeable workforce using excellent
lubrication methods results in safer, more Noria Services 18
efficient and more reliable machinery.
Online Training 20
Proven Adult-Learning Strategies
Norias courses are carefully designed to align
Onsite Training 21
with the needs of adult learners, as determined
by an expert staff, including an adult-learning Reliability Skills Series 22
specialist, an instructional designer, and
multiple graphic artists and video/multimedia
developers. Training sessions are goal-
Registration Page 23
oriented, relevant and practical. Interactive
opportunities are incorporated whenever
possible to maximize knowledge retention
and understanding.

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 3
 Fighting the
Forgetful Brain

4
Think of the last time are aware that you have been exposed to the
subject in the past. You just need something

you learned a new skill.
When examining how new knowledge
and skills are acquired, you will notice a
progression. Transferable skills from past
experiences are adapted and applied, but the
specific details are new. Enthusiasm to learn
is typically high. However, the confidence to
deploy the training may need reassurance. This
is why learning often starts with observing the
task or participating in a discussion.
Effective training events offer a formal
approach to ensure consistent results. Usually
this is accomplished through an instructor,
mentor or online module using course
materials. Retention and transfer of learning
is considered complete when the student
successfully applies the newly acquired
learning. However, there is a challenge faced
by all types of learning efforts.
Art Kohn refers to this as the "forgetting
curve" or the brains natural tendency to
discard information that is not needed at the
moment. In other words, when the learning
opportunity is complete, the brain moves on,
making room for the task at hand or what
is relevant at the moment. This means the
training event is just a start. It creates the
framework for the new concepts.
At times the new learning is not implemented
right away. You may forget the specifics but
to refresh your mind to recall what has been
learned. That is where just-in-time or on-
demand learning comes in. It can provide
easy access to training materials or create
opportunities to use the learning to help make
sure your training investment sticks.
Situations Where On-demand Solutions Work
A significant amount of time has lapsed after
the learning event.
Changes to the environment require a need to
revisit the fundamental steps.
Many steps are necessary to complete the task.
A mentor is unavailable.
Suggestions to Combat the Forgetting Curve
Create a library of job aids along with copies
of the procedure or task for easy reference.
Use online training and videos before or as the
task is being completed.
Assign or request tasks that require the
application of the new knowledge or skill
Periodically refresh knowledge with team
training and reviews by trained individuals to
teach the subject to their peers.
Remember to make the brain pay attention.
Learning occurs best when it is needed,
relevant and applied.

Your brain needs to forget things that are no longer useful. And
this forgetting is inevitable, it is useful, and it is adaptive because
it clears your memory for things that are more relevant. The
problem, however, is that in the process of all of this memory
purging, our brain often forgets important information. - Art Kohn

From Brain Science article The Forgetting Curve: The Dirty Secret of Corporate Training

5
 FIND YOUR PERFECT FIT
Something For Everyone
Norias course plan has something for all levels of expertise, from beginners to experienced
technicians and engineers. Follow the entire course track, progressing from beginner to the
expert level, or pick and choose according to your specific needs and interests.

Start here if you have

little or no experience
with machine
lubrication. Start here if you have
working knowledge/
moderate experience
with machine
maintenance.

Industrial
Lubrication
Fundamentals
Machinery
Lubrication I

Machinery Oil
Lubrication II Analysis II

Oil
Analysis III
The course progression shown is recommended but not
required. To determine the best course for you, contact
us at 918-392-5063 or email training@noria.com.

6
Basic To Most Advanced
Norias courses are built from the same foundational concepts, layering more detailed explorations
or specialized topics in higher level coursework. The chart below gives a glimpse into which topics
are emphasized in each course as well as how technically detailed the information is. Topic areas
are classified from the most basic () to the most advanced ( ).

Industrial Machinery Machinery

Topic Area Lubrication
Fundamentals Lubrication I Lubrication II
Oil Analysis II Oil Analysis III

Maintenance Strategies

Lubrication Concepts

Fundamentals of

Machine Wear

Lubricant Selection

Reception and Storage N/A N/A

Handling and Application

Contamination Control

Lubricant Analysis

Wear Debris Analysis N/A N/A N/A

Oil Analysis Program N/A N/A N/A

Environmental Disposal N/A N/A

MLT I and
Certification Preparation N/A MLT II MLA II MLA III
MLA I
Private Public, Private Public, Private Public, Private Public, Private
Availability
Classroom Classroom & Online Classroom Classroom Classroom

Topic Area Scale From 1-4

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 7
 Training Options

INDUSTRIAL
ONSITE

LUBRICATION FUNDAMENTALS
Course Topics
Learn Best Practices And Why They
Are Important Receiving and Inspecting
Industrial Lubrication Fundamentals is Norias New Lubricants
essential course for all levels of mechanical or
Maintaining Lubricant
maintenance experience. The course provides strong
techniques and perspective for those with some Containers, Machines and
lubrication knowledge, while presenting sound Lubricant Storage Areas
practical material and instructions for those Maintaining Lube
with none.
Room Inventory
The skillset for basic lubrication excellence has been
Removing Contaminants from
selected based on extensive collaboration between
Noria and plant reliability professionals, so students New Oils with Filter Carts or
have the most useful, up-to-date information. Installed Systems
The course presents materials in a task-based Protecting Lubricant Integrity
context, so students engage in interactive exercises,
through Contamination Control
discuss case studies and gain confidence through
hands-on examples. Transporting and
Applying Lubricants
Who Should Attend? Conducting Field Inspections
This course is designed for students with little to on Machines
no technical background who are responsible for
lubrication tasks. Job titles may include lubrication Excluding and Removing
technicians, maintenance technicians, millwrights, Contaminants from Lubricated
mechanics, oilers, machine operators, multicraft Machines
technicians, etc.
Sampling Lubricants
Importance of Safety, Leak and
Spill Response, and Disposal of
Hazardous Materials
Modifying Machinery for
Contamination Control, Safety
For a course description, and Reliability Improvement
class schedule and more,
download the brochure or Understanding the Communication
visit Noria.com/train. and Administrative Tasks
Necessary for Your Role

8
 Take This Course If You Are Responsible For:
Electric Motors Gas/Steam Turbines Paper Machines
Compressors Gearboxes Process Pumps
Diesel Engines Hydraulic Systems Rolling Mills
Final Drives Hydrostatic Transmissions Blowers/Fans

Topics Include:
Training That Comes Back
To The Plant With You Conducting inspections
Training is a process not just an event. We make Oil changes
it easy to take your training with you. Each video
procedure comes with a printable job aid to Electric motor bearing regreasing
ensure you can take your training with you as Installation of external oil level indicators,
you head out to the plant floor.
valves, quick connectors and more
Also, every student receives 90-day access to
Norias video-based procedures used in the Oil sampling
course. This gives you access to world-class Using top-up containers
procedures to help you refresh and review the
content learned in the course. Oil filtration using a dedicated filter cart

Noria produced instantly usable knowledge,

which will definitely result in changes in the way
we handle lubricants and lubrication systems.
Joe Kelly, Maintenance Engineer, Akzo Nobel

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 9
 Training Options
MACHINERY Public

LUBRICATION I
Online
Onsite

Course Topics
Gain Essential Understanding
For Maintenance, Lubricant Selection How Lubrication Affects
And Filtration Machine Reliability
Machinery Lubrication I (ML I) provides the essential Lubrication Fundamentals
concepts behind best lubrication practices and
Additives, Base Oils and
machine maintenance. Through ML I, students can
Grease Thickeners
move away from the old school methods of vague,
non-specific lubrication procedures and understand Lubricant Performance Properties
what to do and why there is a right way to do it.
Additive Functions
Individuals who take this course get much more than
pointers on lubricating a machine they learn the Food-grade and Environmentally
crucial relationships between lubricant health and friendly Lubricants
machine reliability so they can perform maintenance Grease and Oil Lubrication
tasks, knowing their impact.
Methods
Whats more, ML I students gain better understanding
of oil analysis and lubricant problems, so they can Lubricants & Fluids for Journal/
scout out potential failures, work toward more Rolling-Element Bearings, Gears,
efficient machine performance and provide better Automotive, Compressors, Steam/
defense against downtime. They will complete Gas Turbines, Hydraulics
the course understanding how even simple tasks
or inspections done right can significantly extend Contamination Control
machine life and cut costs. Oil Drains, Flushing and Reservoir
Management
Storing/Handling Lubricants

For course description,
class schedule and more,
download the brochure
or visit Noria.com/train.
Get Certified
Machinery Lubrication I prepares
students for ICML Level I MLT
certification. Certification testing
is available the Friday following
the training. Register for your
exam at LubeCouncil.org.

10
 Absolutely Awesome!
Should reduce downtime 25 to 50%.
-Scott Gilreath, Lube Tech, UNICCO

Take This Course If You Are Responsible For:

Lubrication procurement Procedure/quality-control implementation
Equipment maintenance Identifying cost-saving methods
Ensuring equipment readiness and uptime Operations planning
Efficiency initiatives/design Equipment reliability

Don't Forget Your Study Packet

The Level I MLT/MLA Study Packet is designed to be used for
both ICML Level I MLT and Level I MLA certification. It includes:
Flash Card Pack - 385 flash cards to help you prepare for
ICML Level I MLT certification.
125-Question Practice Exam - This multiple-choice practice
test is a great self-assessment tool and helps you prepare for
ICML Level I MLT certification. Licensed for use by one person.
How to Take a Multiple-Choice Exam - Includes advice from
professionals who have passed ICML certification exams as well as helpful hints for the night
prior to the exam, steps to take before entering the exam room, techniques to manage your
time during the exam and advice for handling different types of questions.
Machinery Lubrication Reference Guide - Packed with useful checklists, look-up tables,
charts and illustrations, this reference guide is designed to make information easily
accessible where you need it.
Oil Analysis Basics - Presents the fundamentals of oil analysis for machinery condition
monitoring in an easy-to-understand format. Youll learn everything from how to take a
proper oil sample to how to select a test slate for your applications.
The Practical Handbook of Machinery Lubrication - Once you start reading this book, you
probably wont stop until you finish it. It is that easy to read. Youll find understandable
explanations of how lubricants work, what theyre made of and how they break down. Topics
ranging from engine lubricants to industrial oils and hydraulic fluids are covered.
Add it to your course registration, or visit us at store.noria.com.

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 11
 Training Options
MACHINERY Public

LUBRICATION II
Online
Onsite

Course Topics
Manage Your Lubrication Program
With Expert Selection, Storage Lubrication Preventive
Maintenance Optimization
Design And Contamination Control and Design
Machinery Lubrication II (ML II) explores lubricant
properties, system design and troubleshooting Troubleshooting Lubrication
lubricant failure. Building on ML I, ML II brings Problems
students to a level where they can apply their Lubrication and Oil
understanding of lubrication to selecting the right
Analysis Metrics
base oils, greases, additives and equipment for
their facility. Oil Drains, Flushing and
Where ML I introduces students to causes of Reservoir Management
machine wear and lubricant damage, ML II prompts Accessorizing New Equipment
them to analyze machines for wear symptoms and
for Lubrication Excellence
select lubricants and additives to counteract or
prevent damage. Lubricating Grease and Oil
By the time they complete the course, ML II Application
students will be able to distinguish the appropriate Advanced Lubrication Techniques
lubricants and additives for every application in
their workplace, guide staff in conducting basic Base Oils
maintenance, and analyze machine/fluid indicators Viscosity and Viscosity Index
for potential problems. They will leave this class
with concrete action items for improving their Oxidation and
plant's lubrication and good strategies for getting Thermal Stability
staff behind them.
Air Release and Foam Control
Lubricant Degradation
Lubricant Selection
and Consolidation

Get Certified
For course description, Machinery Lubrication II prepares
class schedule and more, students for ICML Level II MLT
download the brochure certification. Certification testing
or visit Noria.com/train. is available the Friday following
the training. Register for your
exam at LubeCouncil.org.

12
 Take This Course If You Are Responsible For:
Lubrication procurement Troubleshooting equipment
Equipment maintenance design/process/material

Systems operation/management Equipment reliability

Checking meters/recording instruments Production management

Mechanical inspections Procedure/quality-control implementation

Controlling lubricant contamination Identifying cost-saving methods

Get Certified
Certification testing will be held on the Friday following your training by the
International Council for Machinery Lubrication.

Which Certifications?
Machinery Lubrication Level I & II courses are designed to help you prepare
for Level I Machine Lubrication Technician (MLT) and Level II Machine
Lubrication Technician (MLT) ICML certification exams.

To register for a What Is ICML?

certification exam The International Council for Machinery Lubrication (ICML) is a vendor-
or to get more neutral, not-for-profit organization founded to facilitate growth and
information, visit development of machine lubrication as a technical field of endeavor. Among
LubeCouncil.org. its various activities, ICML offers skill certification testing for individuals in
the fields of machine condition monitoring, lubrication and oil analysis.

...the information I learned can

improve our hydraulic systems by 40%.
-Vernon Player, PDM Tech, International Paper

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 13
 Training Options

OIL ANALYSIS II Public

Onsite

Course Topics
Explore The Finer Aspects Of
Lubricant Health Monitoring
Contamination Control And
Comprehensive Oil Analysis Oil Analysis Fundamentals
Oil Analysis II (OA II) approaches lubrication Oil Sampling The Very
excellence through the critical information to be Best Practices
gleaned from oil analysis. An OA II student begins
Fluid Properties Analysis
the course understanding basic analysis procedures
from ML I, and learns how to combine and apply Contamination Control and
these for more advanced strategies in conducting Proactive Maintenance
impactful predictive maintenance.
Fault Detection and Wear
Rather than rely solely on an oil analysis lab
Particle Analysis
report, OA II students will be a proactive line of
defense against failures, factoring lab findings Instrument-free Onsite Tests
into their own onsite analyses for more precise,
Interactive Case Studies
timely maintenance. They will graduate from taking
samples to analyzing and differentiating types
Workshop
of wear particles to determine the source and Test Results and Oil Analysis
urgency of a problem. They'll select ideal test slates Report Interpretation
for different lubricants, set alarms and limits on
machines or meters and conduct field tests for fluid
properties and contamination.
The OA II student will also be adept in analyzing Practice In Class
lubrication systems for optimal efficiency and
savings, ensuring that machine/fluid health, Oil Analysis II includes practice
lubrication procedures and objectives reflect the oil analysis reports and individual
ideal for the plant, its personnel and the bottom line. and group participation in
problem-solving exercises.

For course description,
class schedule and more,
download the brochure
or visit Noria.com/train.
Get Certified
Oil Analysis II prepares students
for ICML Level II MLA certification.
Certification testing is available
the Friday following the training.
Register for your exam at
LubeCouncil.org.

14
 Excellent learning forum. Provided substantial
information that will be immediately useful in
improving an existing oil analysis program.
Steve Fox, Maintenance Engineer, Aera Energy

Take This Course If You Are Responsible For:

Resource management
Equipment maintenance
Systems operation/management
Lubricant health and cleanliness targets
Mechanical inspections
Diagnostics and equipment troubleshooting
Efficiency initiatives/design
Quality-control implementation
Operations planning
Sensor selections/installation
Lubrication program effectiveness
Choosing test slates

Don't Forget Your Study Packet

The Level II MLA Certification Study Packet
is designed to be used for ICML Level II
MLA certification. It includes:
Level II MLA Flash Cards - More than
440 flash cards give you a head-start
in preparing for the ICML Level II MLA
certification exam.
Oil Analysis Basics - Our No. 1 best-selling
book makes oil analysis for machinery
condition monitoring easy to understand.
Wear Debris Analysis - Consisting of more
than 70 illustrations, figures and tables, this
book offers a practical look at wear debris
and wear particle analysis in many forms.
Machinery Oil Analysis - Uniquely
presenting the entire practice of oil
analysis as a condition monitoring tool
for machines, this in-depth analysis
describes the what, when, where and how-to for machinery lubrication concepts, machinery
failure and maintenance concepts, machinery failure modes, oil sampling and testing, plus
statistical analysis and data interpretation.
Add it to your course registration, or visit us at store.noria.com.

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 15
 Training Options

OIL ANALYSIS III Public

Onsite

Course Topics
Master Advanced Analysis Techniques
To Provide Expert Diagnostic And Understanding and Analyzing
Predictive Maintenance Machine Wear
Oil Analysis III (OA III) is Norias most advanced Integrating Oil Analysis with
training available providing reliability leaders Vibration Analysis
the tools to develop, implement and evaluate a
Fluid Properties Analysis
comprehensive analysis program. OA III students
exhibit the highest level of expertise as they create Additive Depletion
new systems and/or assess system progress within
Contamination Analysis
any industrial workplace.
Converging both the machine lubrication and oil Grease Analysis
analysis focuses of its prerequisites, OA III trains Onsite Oil Analysis Options
students to diagnose problems like contamination,
corrosion and additive depletion - even with limited Designing an Oil Analysis
test results or difficult machines. Students will Program
compare detection and cost benefits/drawbacks Cost/Benefit Analysis
for any type of lab test to select the most precise
option for their needs. They will be able to gather
extensive data on a lubrication program, make
informed decisions and maintain the program as
a major company asset. OA III students also gain Practice In Class
strategies for applying their data and analysis to
building strong proposals for improvement projects. Oil Analysis III includes practice
They'll learn how to calculate accurate return oil analysis reports and individual
on investment predictions, use case studies and and group participation in
organize hard and soft data in their proposal. problem-solving exercises.

Get Certified
Oil Analysis III prepares
students for ICML Level III MLA
certification. Certification testing
is available the Friday following
For course description, the training. Register for your
class schedule and more, exam at LubeCouncil.org.
download the brochure
or visit Noria.com/train.

16
 This class is a true pathway into
world-class maintenance.
-Gary Stamper, Maintenance Superintendent, Meadwestvaco

Take This Course If You Are Responsible For:

Systems operation/management Troubleshooting equipment
Operations design/process/material

Equipment maintenance Efficient utilization design

Testing samples and interpreting results Procedure/quality-control implementation

Mechanical inspections Cost/benefit analysis

Diagnostics Quality-control analysis

Suggested Reading
Machinery Oil Analysis Methods, Automation & Benefits - This
book uniquely presents the entire practice of oil analysis as a
condition monitoring tool for machines.
Wear Particle Atlas - The Wear Particle Atlas is a guide to wear
particle identification containing photographs of typical wear
particles found in used lubricating oil, illustrative case histories, and
operational procedures for wear debris analysis.
You can purchase these books online at Store.Noria.com.

Avoid Costly Mistakes And Reap The Benefits Of Good Oil Sampling
A small misstep when installing sampling
ports, performing oil sampling or choosing
lubricants can translate into expensive
problems. For most facilities, these mistakes
are only apparent after problems arise or
through expert analysis. For example, a large
steel mill installed 1,200 new sampling ports
and, after gathering strange data on multiple
occasions, learned they had been
placed in the wrong locations.
Another Noria customer had been conducting
oil analysis for years but was still unable
to detect bearing failures that shut down
production. The company discovered that
the tests being conducted could only
identify degraded or wrong lubricants not
impending failure.
Successful oil sampling requires know-how.
Improper sampling port placement, running
the wrong tests, poorly collected samples
and more can compromise accuracy or even
eliminate valuable information. Noria can
lend you the expertise to avoid these costly
mistakes so you can reap the full benefits of
good oil sampling.

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 17
 Services & Solutions
Lubrication Program Development
Lubrication Program Development is Norias comprehensive lubrication overhaul for your facility. We
begin with a 540-point assessment of your existing lubrication practices and materials. Our findings
provide your roadmap to lubrication excellence. After developing a custom lubrication program, Noria
experts then deliver detailed instructions for maintenance routes, hardware modifications, lubricant types
and procedures. We also make recommendations to redesign your lubricant storage to preserve lubricant
quality and save space.

Prevent Mechanical Failure,

Train Personnel And
Maximize Efficiency
In One Program.

WORKFORCE
SOLUTIONS
For those needing to tap Norias network of skilled lubrication and oil
analysis professionals, Workforce Solutions is the lubrication labor
outsourcing division of Noria Corporation. We place skilled
personnel at customer facilities on a full-time or short-term basis
to manage your lubrication program and/or carry out aspects of
machinery lubrication and oil analysis. To learn more, visit:

Noria.com/serv/workforce-solutions

18 800.597.5460 | Noria.com
 Education & Training
For plant-wide lubrication
excellence, Noria can train all
personnel, from those with no technical
background to those with specialized
roles. Noria offers five different nationally
recognized courses on machinery lubrication
and oil analysis, with four of these including
certification preparation. To learn more, visit:

Noria.com/train

Technical Consulting
Lubrication-enabled reliability is Norias core mission; we
can supply answers and advice for any reliability issue
pertaining to lubrication. Noria technical consultants
have provided expert witnessing and forensic
investigations, laboratory studies, benchmarking, and
specialized troubleshooting on a variety of machine
parts and systems.

For More Information,

Call 800-597-5460

Failure Investigation
When machines fail, some causes and long-term solutions
require expert intervention. Norias network of expert
investigators covers a multitude of industries and
applications. Our technical consulting team has decades
of experience in root cause analysis, tribological
studies, lubricant analysis, debris/wear particle
identification, metallography and more. Our failure
investigations will provide the answers and
solutions to ensure your machinerys quick
return to reliable service.

1328 East
For dates, 43rd Court
complete courseTulsa, OK 74105
description, 800.597.5460
or to| enroll | Noria.com
visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 19
 Available Courses

ONLINE LEARNING Machinery Lubrication I

Machinery Lubrication II

Flexible Certification Preparation: Gain the right

Key Features
understanding and steps for excellent condition-based
125-question pre-and post-
maintenance, prepare for a certification test and do it all
assessments
on your own time whenever it is best for you.
Knowledge checks for each
Onboarding: Use this training for onboarding new
section to evaluate your
employees or to get your team up to speed quickly and in
understanding know what
alignment with your company culture, skill requirements
to work on before moving
and performance expectations.
forward
Self-paced: Log in anywhere, anytime on your
Step-by-step interactive
customized schedule for one year. Play, pause, rewind
demonstrations of common
and replay as often as needed. Learn while maintaining
lubricant analysis tests
plant and operational schedules. ADA-compliant closed
captioning is available. Meets the training
requirements for the ICML MLA
Pre-/Post-assessment Quizzes: Track your
and MLT Level I certifications
knowledge and understanding through each section with
quizzes designed to show your progress and areas that SCORM compliant, tablet ready
may require further attention. Includes closed captioning
For more information, visit Noria.com/train
or call 918-392-5063

Why Train Online?

Affordable: Reduce training
costs and improve productivity.
Flexible: Anytime, anywhere.
Online training enables your
team to learn at their own pace.
Easy To Use: Norias simple
click-and-watch training method
is easy for anyone to use.
Course Manual: Downloadable
PDF manual for future reference.

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ENTERPRISE
ONLINE LEARNING
Bring online machinery lubrication and reliable skills training to your entire company. Noria can host the
training content on your learning management system (LMS) or provide a private, easy-to-use learning
portal for your team. Norias online learning solutions provide the following features:
Monitor learning progress Flexible Deployment: Our modules are compliant
Train on your team's schedule with all training industry standards. We can successfully
implement the following reporting formats: AICC, SCORM
Integrate machinery lubrication reliability to
1.2 and xAPI (Tin Can). If you dont have a learning
your training portfolio.
management system, ask us about a no-hassle, branded
Verify skills solution for your organization.
Prepare for industry certification Custom Online Learning: Norias custom online
Reduce travel expenses learning solutions allow us to address your specific needs.
Our team works closely with you to create a learning plan
Onboard new employees faster
that meets your-short and long-term goals.
Improve efficiencies and reduce costly errors
Contact us today at 918-392-5037 or request a quote
Train your entire workforce online at noria.com/train/enterprise-solutions

Available Courses
BRING NORIA Industrial Lubrication
Fundamentals

TRAINING TO YOU Machinery Lubrication I & II

Oil Analysis II & III

Private Onsite Training

Whether you have 15 or 500 employees in need of training, Noria can offer expert instruction at
a time and location that are most convenient for your group. Additionally, Noria can customize
any of its courses based on your needs!
Noria provides onsite training for employers wishing to avoid travel time/costs. This can include
personalized training with examples from onsite equipment. Our customers have used this
option to rotate groups of employees through consecutive one-day trainings and to bring
personnel from multiple plants to one onsite training. Noria is committed to providing options
that will have the smallest impact on your production.

For more information visit Noria.com/train or call 918-392-5063

For dates, complete course description, or to enroll visit Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460 21
 RELIABILITY SKILLS SERIES
Reliability Skills Series Online
Quickly provide fundamental and best-practice training to
everyone in your plant or your entire company with these
great online lessons.
How to Use a Grease Gun explains that while the grease gun
is one of the most widely used tools for machinery lubrication,
few are trained on grease gun best practices. When used or
loaded improperly, the grease gun can become a safety risk to
both the lubrication technician and the machine.
How to Grease a Motor Bearing provides plant personnel with an
overview of the best practices for lubricating electric motor bearings. Use
it to train operators, lubrication technicians, mechanics, electricians and
maintenance personnel for years to come.
Introduction to Lubrication Fundamentals provides a solid foundation on
the basics of industrial lubricants and tribology, including oil and grease
properties, additives, synthetics, mineral oils, lubricant oxidation, and
many other important topics.
Best Practices for Oil Sampling shows you how to design and implement a
world-class oil sampling program that will deliver better results and help you
focus on improving equipment reliability.
Best Practices for Lubricant Storage and
Handling provides procedures you can
implement right away. From delivery to
dispensing to filling the machine, youll
learn the very best practices for new oil
storage and handling.
Lubrication Basics for Machinery
Operators offers lubrication basic
training, including how to recognize
the early signs of lubrication-related
problems, grease gun basics and
safety, checking oil levels, cleaning and
inspecting machinery, oil leak inspections,
and more.

Add it to your course registration or visit

store.noria.com.

22
REGISTRATION
HOW TO REGISTER
ONLINE FAX (3-4 days processing) PHONE MAIL (3-4 weeks processing)

FORM
Noria.com/training 918-746-0925 800-597-5460 Noria Training
or 1328 E. 43rd Court
918-749-1400 Tulsa, OK 74105

PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY

Last Name First Name Middle Initial

Job Title Organization/Business Name

Mailing Address

City State/Province Postal Code/ZIP Country

Phone Fax

Email (required)

Note: The mailing address is where all mailed correspondence about this registration will be sent. The email address is how Noria communicates important program details to you.

PLEASE REGISTER ME FOR THE FOLLOWING COURSE(S): COURSE DATE LOCATION

Machinery Lubrication I $1,295
Optional: Study Packet - Level I MLT / Level I MLA
Price includes shipping to a U.S. address
$295

Machinery Lubrication II $1,295

Oil Analysis II $1,295

Optional: Study Packet Level II MLA $310

Price includes shipping to a U.S. address

Oil Analysis III $1,295

Note: Payment is due before the course. Total Amount Due $___________________

Check is enclosed. (Allow 3-4 weeks for processing.) Please make checks CANCELLATIONS AND SUBSTITUTIONS If you cannot attend the
payable to Noria Corporation in U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank. course, a colleague can attend in your place. Registrations canceled
I authorize Noria Corporation to charge $__________________ to my: at any time prior to 10 days before the course are not subject to fees.
Cancellations after 10 days are subject to a $75 service charge. Or,
VISA MasterCard AMEX Discover your registration fee can be transferred to another program of your
choice to be taken within12 months. For more information visit Noria.
com/train/registration.
Card Number Expiration Date
CERTIFICATION EXAMS Certification testing is offered by the
International Council for Machinery Lubrication the morning following
Signature
a training course at the same hotel. Please contact ICML to register
for the certification exam or register online at LubeCouncil.org.
Print name as it appears on credit card bill
SATISFACTION GUARANTEE Noria proudly stands behind our
training courses. If youre not satisfied with the information and
Our purchase order is attached. P.O. Number insights you gain at these events, well refund 100% of your paid
registration fee.

Register
For dates, online
complete at Noria.com/training
course or call
description, or to enroll visit 800-597-5460
Noria.com/train or call 1-800-597-5460
 1328 East 43rd Court
Tulsa, OK 74105
Noria.com

TRAINING THAT WORKS

Find the training that works for you. Norias machinery lubrication and oil analysis training courses offer something for all
levels of expertise, from beginners to experienced technicians and engineers. Enroll today to learn precision lubrication skills
for maximizing machine reliability. For dates and locations, check out Noria.com/train.

ONLINE ONSITE PUBLIC COURSES | 800-597-5460 | Noria.com/train