Aptitude solved Problems

Alligation Or Mixture
Alligation:

It is the rule that enables us to find the ratio in which two or more ingredients at the given price must be
mixed to produce a mixture of desired price.

Mean Price:

The cost price of a unit quantity of the mixture is called the mean price.

Rule of Alligation :

If Two ingredients are mixed in a ratio, So

( Quantity of cheaper / Quantity of dearer ) = ( C.P of dearer ) - ( Mean price ) / ( Mean price ) - (C.P. of
cheaper )

We present it under as
C.P.M.1 = Cost Price of First Materiel in a Mixture.
C.P.M.2 = Cost Price of Second Materiel in a Mixture.
C.P.M.3 = Cost Price of Mixture.
So,
C.P.M.1 : C.P.M.2 = ( C.P.M.1 - C.P.M.3 ) : ( C.P.M.2 - C.P.M.3 )
or,
(Cheaper quantity ) : ( Dearer quantity ) = ( d - m ) : ( m - c ).
m = mean price.
d = C.P of dearer.
c = C.P of cheaper
Consider a container contain x units, and from which we are taken out y units and replace it by water.
After that n operation, the quantity of pure liquid = [ x ( 1 y / x ) n] units.

Solved Problems

1. Tea worth Rs. 126 per kg are mixed with a third variety in the ratio 1: 1 : 2. If the mixture is worth Rs.
153 per kg, the price of the third variety per kg will be
Answer : Rs.175.50 per kg
Explanation :
Since first second varieties are mixed in equal proportions, so their average price = Rs.(126+135/2) =
Rs.130.50
So, the mixture is formed by mixing two varieties, one at Rs. 130.50 per kg and the other at say, Rs. x per kg
in the ratio 2 : 2, i.e., 1 : 1. We have to find x.
Cost of 1 kg tea of 1st kind Cost of 1 kg tea of 2nd kind
Rs. 130.50 Rs. x
|
Mean price
Rs.153
|

(x - 153) 22.50
x - 153/22.50 = 1
=> x - 153 = 22.50

1
=> x = 175.50
Hence, price of the third variety = Rs.175.50 per kg

2. A merchant has 1000 kg of sugar part of which he sells at 8% profit and the rest at 18% profit. He gains
14% on the whole. The Quantity sold at 18% profit is
Answer : 600 kg
Explanation :
By the rule of alligation:
Profit of first part Profit of second part
8% 18%
|
Mean profit
14%
|
4 6

So, ratio of 1st and 2nd parts = 4 : 6 = 2 : 3.

Quantity of 2nd kind = (3/5 x 1000)kg = 600 kg.

3. How many kilograms of sugar costing Rs. 9 per kg must be mixed with 27 kg of sugar costing Rs. 7 per
Kg so that there may be a gain of 10 % by selling the mixture at Rs. 9.24 per Kg ?
Answer : 63 kg
Explanation :
By the rule of alligation:
C.P. of 1 kg sugar of 1st kind C.P. of 1 kg sugar of 2nd kind
Rs.9 Rs.7
|
Mean price
Rs.8.40
|
1.40 0.60
Ratio of quantities of 1st and 2nd kind = 14 : 6 = 7 : 3.
Let x kg of sugar of 1st kind be mixed with 27 kg of 2nd kind.
Then, 7 : 3 = x : 27 or x = (7 x 27 / 3) = 63 kg.

4. The cost of Type 1 rice is Rs. 15 per kg and Type 2 rice is Rs.20 per kg. If both Type 1 and Type 2 are
mixed in the ratio of 2 : 3, then the price per kg of the mixed variety of rice is
Answer : 18
Explanation :
Let the price of the mixed variety be Rs. x per kg. By the rule of alligation, we have :
Cost of 1 kg of type 1 rice Cost of 1 kg of type 2 rice
Rs.15 Rs.20
|
Mean price
Rs.x
|
(20-x) (x-15)
(20-x)/(x-15) = 2/3
60 - 3x = 2x - 30
5x = 90
x = 18

5. A milk man sells the milk at the cost price but he mixes the water in it and thus he gains 9.09%. The
quantity of water in the mixture of 1 liter is :
Answer : 83.33 ml

2
Explanation :
Profit (%) = 9.09 % = 1/11
Since the ratio of water and milk is 1 : 11,
Therefore the ratio of water is to mixture = 1:12
Thus the quantity of water in mixture of 1 liter = 1000 * 1/12 = 83.33 ml

6. Find the ratio in which rice at Rs. 7.20 a kg be mixed with rice at Rs. 5.70 a kg to produce a mixture
worth Rs. 6.30 a kg.
Answer : 2 : 3
Explanation :
By the rule of alligation:
Cost of 1 kg rice of 1st kind Cost of 1 kg rice of 2nd kind
720p 570p
|
Mean price
630p
|
60 90

Required ratio = 60 : 90 = 2 : 3

7. The diluted wine contains only 8 liters of wine and the rest is water. A new mixture whose concentration
is 30%, is to be formed by replacing wine. How many liters of mixture shall be replaced with pure wine if
there was initially 32 liters of water in the mixture?
Answer : 5
Explanation :
Wine Water
8L 32L
1 : 4
20 % 80% (original ratio)
30 % 70% (required ratio)
In ths case, the percentage of water being reduced when the mixture is being replaced with wine.
so the ratio of left quantity to the initial quantity is 7:8
Therefore ,7/8 = [ 1 - K/40 ]
7/8 = [40 - K/40]
K=5

8. From a container, 6 liters milk was drawn out and was replaced by water. Again 6 liters of mixture was
drawn out and was replaced by the water. Thus the quantity of milk and water in the container after these
two operations is 9:16. The quantity of mixture is:
Answer : 15 liters
Explanation :
Let quantity of mixture be x liters.
Suppose a container contains x units of liquid from which y units are taken out and replaced by water. After
operations , the quantity of pure liquid = x (1 y/n)nunits,
Where n = no of operations.
So, Quantity of Milk = x (1 6/x)2
Given that, Milk : Water = 9 : 16
Milk : (Milk + Water) = 9 : (9 + 16)
Milk : Mixture = 9 : 25
x(1 - 6/x) 2 / x = 9 / 25
x = 15 liters

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9. A man travelled a distance of 80 km in 7 hours partly on foot at the rate of 8 km per hour and partly on
bicycle at 16 km /hr. Find the distance travelled on foot ?
Answer : 32 km
Explanation :

Time taken on foot / Time taken on bicycle = 32 / 24 = 4/3

Thus out of 7 hrs in all, he took 4 hrs to travel on foot
Distance covered on foot in 4 hrs = ( 4 x 8) = 32 km

10. A mixture of 150 liters of wine and water contains 20% water. How much more water should be added
so that water becomes 25% of the new mixture?
Answer : 10 liters
Explanation :
Number of liters of water in 125 liters of the mixture = 20% of 150 = 1/5 of 150 = 30 liters
Let us Assume that another 'P' liters of water are added to the mixture to make water 25% of the new
mixture.
So, the total amount of water becomes (30 + P) and the total volume of the mixture becomes (150 + P)
Thus, (30 + P) = 25% of (150 + P)
by solving, we get
P = 10 liters

11. In what proportion water must be added to spirit to gain 20% by selling it at the cost price ?
Answer : 1 : 5
Explanation :
Let the C.P of spirit be = Rs.10 per litre
S.P of the mixture = Rs. 10 per litre
Profit = 20
C.P of the mixture = Rs. 10 * 100 / 120 = Rs. 25 / 3 Per litre

Quantity of water / Quantity of spirit = 5/3 * 3 /25 = 1/ 5

Ratio of water and spirit = 1 : 5

12. From a tank of petrol , which contains 200 liters of petrol, the seller replaces each time with kerosene
when he sells 40 liters of petrol(or mixture). Everytime he sells out only 40 liters of petrol (pure or impure).
After replacing the petrol with kerosene 4th time, the total amount of kerosene in the mixture is
Answer : 118.08 liters
Explanation :

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The amount of petrol left after 4 operations =
200 * ( 1 - 40/200)4
= 200 * (4/5)4
= 200 * 256/625
= 81.92L
Hence the amount of kerosene = 200 - 81.92
= 118.08 liters

13. A sum of Rs.118 was divided among 50 boys and girls such that each boy received Rs.2.60 and each girl
Rs.1.80. Find the number of boys and girls ?
Answer : 15
Explanation :
Average money received by each = 118/50 = Rs. 2.36

Ratio of No.of boys and girls = 56 : 24 = 7 : 3

Number of boys = 50 * 7/10 = 35
Number of girls = 50 - 35 = 15

14. How many litres of oil at Rs.40 per liter should be mixed with 240 liters of a second variety of oil at
Rs.60 per litre so as to get a maximum whose cost is Rs.52 per litre ?
Answer : 160 liters
Explanation :
Apply Allegation Method and first calculate the ratio in which they have to be mixed.

= 8 : 12 = 2 : 3
Thus, the two varieties of oil should be mixed in the ratio 2 : 3
So, if 240 liters of the second variety are taken, then 160 liters of the first variety should be taken.

15. How much pepsi at Rs.6 a litre is added to 15 litre of 'dew' at Rs. 10 a litre so that the price of the
mixture be Rs.9 a litre?
Answer : 5 litres
Explanation :
Let x litre pepsi is required.

5
(10-9) = 1 : 3 = (9-6)
Therefore x/15 = 1/3
x = 5 litres

16. In what ratio should two varieties of tea at Rs. 60 per kg and Rs.120 per kg be mixed together so that by
selling the mixture at Rs.96 per kg, a profit of Rs.20% is obtained ?
Answer : 2 : 1
Explanation :
Let us first calculate the cost of price of the mixture. the selling price of the mixture is given as Rs.96 and
the profit is given as 20%. So, Cost price
= 96 * 100 /120 = Rs.80
Now, let us apply allegation method :

Hence,
= 40 : 20 = 2 : 1

17. Equal quantities of three mixtures of milk and water are mixed in the ratio 1:2, 2:3 and 3:4. The ratio of
water and milk in the mixture is ?
Answer : 193 : 122
Explanation :
Given the three mixtures ratio as (1:2), (2:3), (3:4)
(1 + 2), (2 + 3), (3 + 4)
Total content = 3, 5, 7
Given equal quantities of the three mixtures are mixed, then LCM of 3, 5, 7 = 105
105/3 = 35 , 105/5 = 21 , 105/7 = 15
Now, the individual equal quantity ratios are (35x1, 35x2), (21x2, 21x3), (15x3, 15x4)
(35,70), (42,63), (45,60)
So overall mixture ratio of milk and water is
35 + 42 + 45 : 70 + 63 + 60
122:193
But in the question asked the ratio of water to milk = 193 : 122

18. 640 ml of a mixture contains milk and water in ratio 6:2. How much of the water is to be added to get a
new mixture containing half milk and half water ?
Answer : 320 ml
Explanation :
Here total parts of milk and water in the solution is 6+2 = 8 parts
1part = 640/8 = 80
old mixture contains 6parts of milk and 2 parts of water(6:2).
To get new mixture containing half milk and half water, add 4parts of water to the old mixture then 6:(2+4)
to make the ratio same.
i.e, 4 x 80 = 320 ml

19. A container contains 50 litres of milk. From that 8 litres of milk was taken out and replaced by water.
This process was repeated further two times. How much milk is now contained by the container ?
Answer : 29.63litres
Explanation :

6
Given that container has 50 litres of milk.
After replacing 8 litres of milk with water for three times, milk contained in the container is:
= [ 50 (1 - 8/50)3]
= (50 * 42/50 * 42/50 * 42/50)
= 29.63litres.

20. A vessel contains 20 liters of a mixture of milk and water in the ratio 3:2. 10 liters of the mixture are
removed and replaced with an equal quantity of pure milk. If the process is repeated once more, find the
ratio of milk and water in the final mixture obtained ?
Answer : 9:1
Explanation :
Milk = 3/5 x 20 = 12 liters, water = 8 liters
If 10 liters of mixture are removed, amount of milk removed = 6 liters and amount of water removed = 4
liters.
Remaining milk = 12 - 6 = 6 liters
Remaining water = 8 - 4 = 4 liters
10 liters of pure milk are added, therefore total milk = (6 + 10) = 16 liters.
The ratio of milk and water in the new mixture = 16:4 = 4:1
If the process is repeated one more time and 10 liters of the mixture are removed,
then amount of milk removed = 4/5 x 10 = 8 liters.
Amount of water removed = 2 liters.
Remaining milk = (16 - 8) = 8 liters.
Remaining water = (4 -2) = 2 liters.
Now 10 lts milk is added
=> total milk = 18 lts
The required ratio of milk and water in the final mixture obtained
= (8 + 10): 2 = 18:2 = 9:1

21. One type of liquid contains 25 % of benzene, the other contains 30% of benzene. A can is filled with 6
parts of the first liquid and 4 parts of the second liquid. Find the percentage of benzene in the new mixture.
Answer : 27 %
Explanation :
Let the percentage of benzene = X
(30 - X)/(X- 25) = 6/4 = 3/2
=> 5X = 135
X = 27
So, required percentage of benzene = 27 %

22. If a man buys 1 lt of milk for Rs.12 and mixes it with 20% water and sells it for Rs.15, then what is the
percentage of gain ?
Answer : 25% gain
Explanation :
He has gain = 15 - 12 = 3,
Gain% = (3/12) x 100 = (100/4) = 25.
He has 25% gain.

23. In a mixture of milk and water the proportion of water by weight was 75%. If in 60 gm of mixture 15 gm
water was added, what would be the percentage of water ? (Weight in gm)
Answer : 80%
Explanation :
Water in 60 gm mixture=60 x 75/100 = 45 gm. and Milk = 15 gm.
After adding 15 gm. of water in mixture, total water = 45 + 15 = 60 gm and
weight of a mixture = 60 + 15 = 75 gm.
So % of water = 100 x 60/75 = 80%.

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24. The amount of water (in ml) that should be added to reduce 9 ml lotion, containing 50% alcohol, to a
lotion containing 30% alcohol is ?
Answer : 6
Explanation :
Let us assume that the lotion has 50% alcohol and 50% water.
ratio = 1:1
As the total solution is 9ml
alcohol = water = 4.5ml
Now if we want the quantity of alcohol = 30%
The quantity of water = 70%
The new ratio = 3:7
Let x ml of water be added
We get,
4.5 / 4.5 + x = 3/7
=> x = 6
Hence 6ml of water is added.

25. A mixture of 70 litres of Fruit Juice and water contains 10% water. How many litres of water should be
added to the mixture so that the mixture contains 12 1/2% water?
Answer : 2 litres
Explanation :
Quantity of fruit juice in the mixture = 90/100 (70) = 63 litres.
After adding water, juice would form 87 1/2% of the mixture.
Hence, if quantity of mixture after adding x liters of water, (87 1/2) / 100 x = 63 => x = 72
Hence 72 - 70 = 2 litres of water must be added.

26. Find the ratio in which milk at Rs.12.50 per litre be mixed with milk at Rs.10.70 per litre to make a
mixture worth Rs.11.50 per litre.
Answer : 5:4
Explanation :
Cost of 1 litre milk of 1st type = Rs.12.50 = 1250 paise and
Cost of 1 litre milk of 2nd type = Rs.10.70 = 1070 paise
i.e,
C.P. of dearer (d) = 1250 p
C.P. of cheaper(c) = 1070 p
And Mean price (m) = 1150 p
Then, d - m = 1250 p - 1150 p = 100 p
and m - c = 1150 p - 1070 p = 80 p
Required rate = Quantity of cheaper / Quantity of dearer = d - m / m - c = 100/80 = 5:4

27. In a pot, there is a mixture of milk and water in the ratio 4 : 5. If it is filled with an additional 8 litres of
milk, the pot would be full and ratio of milk and water would become 6 : 5. Find the capacity of the pot?
Answer : 22 liters
Explanation :
Let the capacity of the pot be 'P' litres.
Quantity of milk in the mixture before adding milk = 4/9 (P - 4)
After adding milk, quantity of milk in the mixture = 6/11 P.
6P/11 - 4 = 4/9(P - 4)
10P = 396 - 176 => P = 22.
The capacity of the pot is 22 liters.

28. In what ratio must rice at Rs 9.30 per Kg be mixed with rice at Rs 10.80 per Kg so that the mixture be
worth Rs 10 per Kg?
Answer : 8 : 7
Explanation :

8
C.P of 1 Kg C.P of 1 Kg
rice of 1st rice of 2nd
kind (930p) kind (1080p)
\ /
Mean Price
(1000p)
/ \
(1080 1000) : (1000 - 930)
80 70
Thus, required ratio = 80 : 70 = 8 : 7

29. In what ratio must wheat at Rs.3.20 per kg be mixed with wheat at Rs.2.90 per kg so that the mixture be
worth Rs.3.08 per kg?
Answer : 3 : 2
Explanation :
C.P of a unit quantity of 1st kind = Rs. 3.20
C.P of a unit quantity of 2nd kind = Rs. 2.90
Mean price = Rs.3.08
C.P of unit quantity C.P of unit quantity
of 1st kind of 2nd kind
(Rs. 3.20) (Rs. 2.90)

\ /
Mean Price

(Rs.3.08)

/ \
(3.08 2.90) : (3.20 3.08)
0.18 0.12
Required ratio = 0.18 : 0.12 = 3 : 2

30. In what proportion must rice at Rs. 3.10 per kg be mixed with rice at Rs. 3.60 per kg so that the mixture
be worth Rs. 3.25 per kg?
Answer : 7 : 3
Explanation :
C.P of a unit quantity of 1st kind = 310p (in paise)
C.P of a unit quantity of 2nd kind = 360p
Mean price = 325p
C.P of unit quantity C.P of unit quantity
of 1st kind of 2nd kind
(310p) (360p)
\ /
Mean Price
(325p)

/ \
(360 325) : (325 310)
35 15
Required ratio = 35 : 15 = 7 : 3
They must be mixed in the ratio 7 : 3

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31. In what ratio must tea at Rs. 62 per Kg be mixed with tea at Rs. 72 per Kg so that the mixture must be
worth Rs. 64.50 per Kg?
Answer : 3 : 1
Explanation :
C.P of a unit quantity of 1st kind = Rs. 62
C.P of a unit quantity of 2nd kind = Rs. 72
Mean price = Rs. 64.50
C.P of unit quantity C.P of unit quantity
of 1st kind of 2nd kind
(Rs. 62) (Rs. 72)
\ /
Mean Price

(Rs. 64.50)

/ \

(72 64.50) : (64.50 62)

7.50 2.50
Required ratio = 7.50 : 2.50 = 3 : 1

32. In a mixture of 45 liters, the ratio of milk and water is 4:1. How much water must be added to make the
mixture ratio 3:2 ?
Answer : 15 liters
Explanation :
Let us assume the ratio factor is x.
According to question,
Quantity of milk = 4x liters and Quantity of Water = x liters.
According to question,
4x + x = 45
5x = 45
x=9
Quantity of milk = 4x = 9 x 4 = 36 liters
Quantity of water = x = 9 liters
Let y liters of water be added to make the ratio 3:2
Then,
36/(9 + y) = 3/2
72 = 27 + 3y
y = 15 liters
If you add 15 liters of water, the ratio will become 3:2.

33. 640 ml of a mixture contains milk and water in ratio 6:2. How much of the water is to be added to get a
new mixture containing half milk and half water ?
Answer : 320
Explanation :
Let us assume the ratio product is Q.
According to question,
Quantity of Milk in mixture = 6Q ml
Quantity of Water in mixture = 2Q ml
Quantity of Milk in mixture + Quantity of Water in mixture = 640
6Q + 2Q = 640
8Q = 640
Q = 640/8
Q = 80
Quantity of Milk in mixture = 6Q ml = 6 x 80 = 480 ml

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Quantity of Water in mixture = 2Q ml = 2 x 80 = 160 ml
To find the new mixture containing half milk and half water,
Quantity of water to be added for making the mixture of equal quantity of milk and water = 480 - 160 = 320

34. A mixture of 150 liters of Petrol and Diesel contains 20% Diesel. How much more Diesel should be
added so that Diesel becomes 25% of the new mixture ?
Answer : 10 liters
Explanation :
Let us assume P liters of Diesel added to the mixture so that Diesel will be 25% in the new mixture.
According to Question,
Quantity of Diesel in 150 liters of the mixture = 20% of 150 = 150 x 20/100 = 30 liters.
After adding P liters of Diesel, The total quantity of Diesel becomes (30 + P) and total volume of mixture
will be (150 + P).
Again According to Question,
After adding the P liters of Diesel in the mixture, the Diesel quantity becomes 25% of the new mixture.
Quantity of Diesel in new mixture = 25% of Total mixture.
(30 + P) = (150 + P) x 25 %
30 + P = (150 + P) x 25/100
30 + P = (150 + P) x 1/4
120 + 4P = 150 + P
4P - P = 150 - 120
3P = 30
P = 10 liters.

35. A zookeeper counted the heads of the animals in a zoo and found it to be 80. When he counted the legs
of the animals he found it to be 260. If the zoo had either pigeons or horses, how many horses were there in
the zoo?
Answer : 50
Explanation :
Let the number of horses =x
Then the number of pigeons =80x
Each pigeon has 2 legs and each horse has 4 legs.
Therefore, total number of legs =4x+2(80x)=260
4x+1602x=260
2x=1002x=100
x= 50

36. How many litres of a 12 litre mixture containing milk and water in the ratio of 2 : 3 be replaced with
pure milk so that the resultant mixture contains milk and water in equal proportion?
Answer : 2litres
Explanation :
The mixture contains 40% milk and 60% water in it.
That is 4.8 litres of milk and 7.2 litres of water.
Now we are replacing the mixture with pure milk so that the amount of milk and water in the mixture is 50%
and 50%.
That is we will end up with 6 litres of milk and 6 litres of water.
Water gets reduced by 1.2 litres.
To remove 1.2 litres of water from the original mixture containing 60% water,
we need to remove 1.2 / 0.6 litres of the mixture = 2litres.

37. A sample of x litres from a container having a 60 litre mixture of milk and water containing milk and
water in the ratio of 2 : 3 is replaced with pure milk so that the container will have milk and water in equal
proportions. What is the value of x?
Answer : 10 litres
Explanation :

11
The mixture of 60 litres has in it 24 litres of milk and 36 litres of water. (2 : 3 :: milk : water)
When you remove x litres from it, you will remove 0.4 x litres of milk and 0.6 x litres of water from it.
According to this choice, x = 10.
So, when one removes, 10 litres of the mixture, one is removing 4 litres of milk and 6 litres of water.
Therefore, there will be 20 litres of milk and 30 litres of water in the container.
Now, when you add 10 litres of milk, you will have 30 litres of milk and 30 litres of water i.e. milk and
water are in equal proportion.

38. In what ratio,water must be mixed with fruit juice costing Rs.24 per litre so that the juice would be worth
of Rs.20 per litre?
Answer : 1:5
Explanation :
Cost of 1 litre of water = Rs.0 = cheaper quantity
Cost of 1 litre of juice = Rs.24 = dearer quantity
And, the mean price = m = Rs.20
Applying the rule of alligation,

Therefore, (Cheaper quantity) : (Dearer quantity) = (d - m) : (m - c) = 4:20 = 1:5

Hence, the required answer is 1:5.

39. Box A contains wheat worth Rs.30 per kg and box B contains wheat worth Rs.40 per kg. If both A and B
are mixed in the ratio 4:7 then the price of mixture per kg is :
Answer : Rs.36.36
Explanation :
Cost of 1 kg of A = Rs.30 = cheaper quantity.
Cost of 1 kg of B = Rs.40 = dearer quantity.
Let the mean price be Rs.X.
Applying the rule of alligation,

Therefore, (Cheaper quantity) : (Dearer quantity) = (d - m) : (m - c) = (40-X) : (X-30)

Given ratio = 4/7 = 40-X/X-30
280-7X = 4X - 120
11X = 400
X = 400/11 = 36.36
Hence, the required mean price is Rs.36.36

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40. A seller has two variety of rice worth Rs.80 per kg and Rs.95 per kg. If he get 20% profit by selling the
mixture of two varieties at Rs.84 then the mixing ratio is :
Answer : 5:2
Explanation :
Cost of 1 kg of 1st type = Rs.80 = cheaper quantity.
Cost of 1 kg of 2nd type = Rs.95 = dearer quantity.
Selling price of 1 kg of mixture = Rs. 84
Given that, gain = 20%
We have to find the cost price of 1 kg of mixture.
Selling price cost price
Rs.120 Rs.100
Rs. 1 Rs. 100/120
Rs.84 Rs.100 x 84 / 120 = Rs.70.
Therefore, mean price of 1 kg of mixture = Rs.70

Therefore, (Cheaper quantity) : (Dearer quantity) = (d - m) : (m - c) = 25:10 = 5:2

Hence, required ratio is 5:2

41. There are two varieties of tea worth Rs.90 per kg and Rs.70 per kg. If X kg of 1st kind is mixed with 56
kg of 2nd kind to get a profit 25% by selling the mixture at Rs.95 per kg then X equals to:
Answer : 24
Explanation :
Cost of 1 kg of 2nd kind = Rs.70 = cheaper quantity.
Cost of 1 kg of 1st kind = Rs.90 = dearer quantity.
Selling price of 1 kg of mixture = Rs. 95
Gain = 25%
Therefore cost price of 1 kg of mixture = 100/125 x 95 = Rs.76
That is, mean price = m = Rs.76

Therefore, (Cheaper quantity) : (Dearer quantity) = (d - m) : (m - c) = 14:6 = 7:3.

Ratio of quantities of 2nd and 1st kind of tea = 7:3
Given that, 56kg of 2nd is mixed with X kg of 1st.
Then, 7:3 = 56:X
7X = 56x3
X = 24kg
Hence, required answer is 24.

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42. In a What ratio Wheat at Rs. 12.30 per kg be mixed with wheat 18.30 per kg, so that the mixture be
worth Rs.15 per kg?
Answer : 11 : 9
Explanation :
( Cheaper quantity ) : ( Dearer quantity ) = ( d m ) : ( m c ).
C.P.M.1 = ( Cost price of First material ) = 12.30 = 1230
C.P.M.2 = ( Cost price of Second material ) = 18.30 = 1830
M.P = ( Mean price of both Material ) = 1500
So,
( C.P.M.1 M.P ) : ( C.P.M.2 M.P) = ( 1500 1230 ) : ( 1500 1830 ) = 270 : 330 = 11 : 9.
Required Ratio of both materials is 11 : 9.

43. A grocery has 600 kg of rice, In part of which he sells at 12% profit and the rest of at 24% profit, and he
gains 16% on the entire. Find quantity sold at 24% profit.
Answer : 200 kg
Explanation :
By the rule of alligation :
profit on First part = ( profit on First part ) = 12%
profit on second part = ( profit on second part ) = 24%
profit on Mean = ( profit on Mean ) = 16%
So,
( profit on First part profit on Mean ) : ( profit on second part profit on Mean )
= ( 12% 16% ) : ( 24% 16% ) = 8 : 4 = 2 : 1.
So, Ratio of 1st and second parts = 8 : 4 = 2 : 1.
quantity sold of second part = (1 x 600 / 3) = 200 kg.

44. When one litre of water is added to a mixture of milk and water, the new mixture contains 25% of milk.
When one litre of milk is added to the new mixture, then the resulting mixture contains 40% milk. What is
the percentage of milk in the original mixture?
Answer : 100/3 %
Explanation :
Original Mixture = x L
In (x + 1) Mixture, quantity of milk = (x + 1)* (25/100) = (x + 1)/4
one litre of milk is added to the new mixture
[((x + 1)/4 )+ 1 ]/ x + 2 = 40%
x = 3 ; quantity of milk = (3 + 1)/4 = 1L
percentage of milk in the original mixture = 1/3 * 100 = 100/3 %

45. A vessel which contains a mixture of acid and water in ratio 13:4. 25.5 litres of mixture is taken out from
the vessel and 2.5 litres of pure water and 5 litres of acid is added to the mixture. If resultant mixture
contains 25% water, what was the initial quantity of mixture in the vessel before the replacement in litres?
Answer : 68
Explanation :
Quantity of Acid = 13x
Quantity of water = 4x
Total = 17x
Resultant Mixture = 17x 25.5 + 2.5 + 5 = 17x 18
Resultant water = 4x 25.5 * (4/17) + 2.5 = 4x 3.5
Resultant mixture contains 25% water
(17x 18) * 25/100 = 4x 3.5
x=4
Initial quantity = 17 * 4 = 68

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46. 150 kg of wheat is at Rs 7 per kg. 50 kg is sold at 10% profit. At what rate per kg the remaining need to
be sold so that there is a profit of 20% on the total price?
Answer : 8.75
Explanation :
Let remaining 100 kg at x%. so,
50 kg 100 kg
10% x%
20%
(x-20) 10
So (x-20)/10 = 50 kg/100 kg
Solve, x = 25%
100 kg costs = 100 * 7 = Rs 700
So at 25% profit SP of 100 kg is (125/100) * 700 = Rs 875
So SP of 1 kg = 875/100 = 8.75

47. In a 70 litres mixture of milk and water, % of water is 30%. The milkman gave 20 litres of this mixture
to a customer and then added 20 litres of water to the remaining mixture. What is the % of milk in the final
mixture ?
Answer : 50%
Explanation :
20litre given remaining = 70 - 20 = 50litre
Quantity of milk = 50 * 70/100 = 35litre
Quantity of water = 50- 35 = 15litre
20litres of water added = 50+20 = 70
% of milk = 35 * 100/70 = 50%

48. How much quantity of water should be mixed with 10 l of milk costing Rs 50 per litre so that the
resultant mixture is to be sold at Rs 44 per kg?
Answer : 3/22
Explanation :
CP of water = Rs 0
By method of allegation:
water (x kg) milk (10 litres)
0 50
44
6 44
6 : 44
3 : 22
So x/10 = 3/22

49. How many kilograms of wheat at Rs 42 per kg be mixed with 25 kg of wheat at Rs 24 per kg so that on
selling the mixture at Rs 40 per kg, there is a gain of 25%?
Answer : 20
Explanation :
Let x kg of wheat at Rs 42 per kg be mixed
SP = 40, gain% = 25%, so CP = (100/125) * 40 = Rs 32
So
1st wheat(x kg) 2nd wheat(25 kg)
42 24
32
8 10
So 8/10 = x/25
x = 20

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50. A fruit seller mix two qualities of fruits costing Rs.75 and Rs.50 per kg respectively. In what ratio he
should mix the mixture to get worth Rs.65 per kg ?
Answer : 2:3
Explanation :
Cost of 1 kg fruit of 1st quality = Rs.75
cost of 1 kg fruit of 2nd quality = Rs.50
i.e.,
C.P. of dearer (d) = Rs.75
C.P. of cheaper(c) = Rs.50
And Mean price (m) = Rs.65
d - m = 75 - 65 = 10
And m - d = 65 - 50 = 15
Required rate = Quantity of cheaper / Quantity of dearer = d - m / m - c = 10/15 = 2/3

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