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ORAL HEALTH AND DENTAL CARE IN PREGNANT WOMEN: BIBLIOMETRIC
STUDY, SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, AND CONTENT ANALYSIS

LA SALUD BUCAL Y LA ATENCIN ODONTOLGICA DE LAS MUJERES
EMBARAZADAS: ESTUDIO BIBLIOMTRICO, REVISIN SISTEMTICA Y
ANLISIS DE CONTENIDO
ANDREA JOHANNA ALMARIO BARRERA1, CSAR ACEVEDO ARGELLO2, CAMILA VILLARREAL NEIRA3,
CAROLINA MORALES BORRERO4, SONIA CONSTANZA CONCHA SNCHEZ5
ABSTRACT. Introduction: the oral condition of pregnant women and the attention it needs affect the overall health of these women and their
children. A variety of perspectives have been used to understand and approach research on this field. The objectives of this study were: conduct
a bibliometric analysis, assess the quality of the available evidence, and conduct content analysis of articles related to the topics. Methodology:
publications related to the topics were identified through a systematic search of the literature, identifying authors, years, and countries with the
most publications; in addition, quality of the reports was assessed through the STROBE Guide on the studies that were retrieved in full text,
conducting content analysis on thematic, methodological, and epistemological aspects. Results: the systematic review was conducted in three
databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Institutions, authors, institutional affiliation, and co-authorship networks were identified with
the bibliometric analysis. The systematic review showed predominance of cross-sectional observational studies; there were few controlled clinical
trials and they generally emphasized treatments for periodontal disease in pregnant women. The evidence on this subject tends to be low. Content
analysis showed that, in ontological terms, research focuses on three main areas: a) biological differences between men and women; b) impact
of pregnant womens oral health on the oral and overall health of their babies, c) relationship between pregnancy, oral health, and its impact on
the oral and overall health of women. Few studies explore social determinants. In epistemological terms, studies from positivist perspectives were
predominant. In methodological terms, the emphasis is placed on research with quantitative approaches. Conclusion: it is necessary to strengthen
the relationship between biological and social aspects of pregnant womens oral health and dental care from different epistemological perspectives,
seeking a comprehensive view of these aspects and improving dental care in pregnant women.
Key words: oral health, dental care, pregnant women, bibliometrics, systematic review, content analysis
Almario-Barrera AJ, Acevedo-Argello C, Villarreal-Neira C, Morales-Borrero C, Concha-Snchez SC. Oral health and dental care
in pregnant women: bibliometric study, systematic review, and content analysis. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq 2017; 28 (2): pp-pp.
DOI: 10.17533/udea.rfo.v28n2a4 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v28n2a4
RESUMEN. Introduccin: la condicin bucal y su atencin en las embarazadas tienen repercusiones sobre la salud de las mujeres y sus hijos. La

investigacin relacionada con la temtica se comprende y se aborda desde diferentes perspectivas. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: realizar
un anlisis bibliomtrico, una revisin sistemtica y anlisis de contenido de los artculos encontrados asociados a estas temticas. Metodologa:
Mediante una bsqueda sistemtica de la literatura se identificaron las publicaciones relacionadas con los tpicos, y se identificaron autores,
aos y pases que ms publican; se evalu adems la calidad del reporte mediante la Gua STROBE en las investigaciones que se recuperaron en
texto completo, y a estas se les efectu anlisis de contenido sobre aspectos temticos, metodolgicos y epistemolgicos. Resultados: la revisin
sistemtica se llev a cabo en tres bases de datos (PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science). Con el anlisis bibliomtrico se identificaron instituciones,
autores, filiacin institucional y redes de coautora. La revisin sistemtica mostr el predominio de estudios observacionales de corte transversal,
en los que la evidencia sobre la temtica tiende a ser baja. En el anlisis de contenido se observ que, en trminos ontolgicos, las investigaciones
profundizaron en tres ejes centrales: a) diferencias biolgicas entre hombres y mujeres; b) impacto de la salud bucal de la embarazada sobre la
salud general y oral de su beb, y c) relacin entre embarazo, salud bucal y su repercusin sobre la salud general y oral de estas mujeres; pocos
estudios exploran los determinantes sociales. En trminos epistemolgicos, predominaron las investigaciones desde las perspectivas positivistas.
En trminos metodolgicos, hay nfasis en la investigacin con abordajes cuantitativos. Conclusin: es necesario fortalecer la relacin de lo
biolgico con lo social de la salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas, a partir de diferentes perspectivas epistemolgicas,
con miras a alcanzar una visin integral y una mejor atencin odontolgica de las embarazadas.
Palabras clave: salud bucal, atencin odontolgica, mujer embarazada, bibliometra, revisin sistemtica, anlisis de contenido
Almario-Barrera AJ, Acevedo-Argello C, Villarreal-Neira C, Morales-Borrero C, Concha-Snchez SC. La salud bucal y la atencin
odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas: estudio bibliomtrico, revisin sistemtica y anlisis de contenido. Rev Fac Odontol Univ
Antioq 2017; 28(2): pp-pp. DOI: 10.17533/udea.rfo.v28n2a4 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v28n2a4
1 DMD, Universidad Santo Toms. Graduate Dental Student, Universidad 1 Odontloga de la Universidad Santo Toms. Estudiante de Maestra
Santo Toms. Email: almita_1613@hotmail.com en Odontologa, Universidad Santo Toms. Correo electrnico:
2 Bachelors Degree in Spanish and Literature, Universidad Industrial almita_1613@hotmail.com
de Santander. Professional Support Staff - Bibliometrics Division, 2 Licenciado en Espaol y Literatura, Universidad Industrial de Santander.
Department of Libraries, Universidad Santo Toms. Email: Profesional de Apoyo Unidad de Bibliometra, Departamento de Biblioteca,
cacevedoa@gmail.com Universidad Santo Toms. Correo electrnico: cacevedoa@gmail.com
3 DMD, Universidad Santo Toms. Email: camiv91@hotmail.com 3 Odontloga de la Universidad Santo Toms. Correo electrnico:
4 DMD, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. MSc in Health Services camiv91@hotmail.com
Administration, Universidad Javeriana. PhD in Public Health, 4 Odontloga de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. MSc en Administracin
Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Email: carolinamorabo@yahoo.es en Salud, Universidad Javeriana. PhD en Salud Pblica, Universidad
5 DMD, Universidad Santo Toms. MSc in Epidemiology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Correo electrnico: carolinamorabo@yahoo.es
Industrial de Santander. PhD in Public Health, Universidad Nacional de 5 Odontloga de la Universidad Santo Toms. MSc en Epidemiologa,
Colombia. Email: sococosa@yahoo.com Universidad Industrial de Santander. PhD en Salud Pblica, Universidad
Nacional de Colombia. Correo electrnico: sococosa@yahoo.com
SUBMITTED: APRIL 4/2016 - ACCEPTED: NOVEMBER 29/2016 RECIBIDO: ABRIL 4/2016 - ACEPTADO: NOVIEMBRE 29/2016
266 Revista Facultad de Odontologa Universidad de Antioquia - Vol. 28 N.o 2 - Primer semestre, 2017
LA SALUD BUCAL Y LA ATENCIN ODONTOLGICA DE LAS MUJERES EMBARAZADAS:
ESTUDIO BIBLIOMTRICO, REVISIN SISTEMTICA Y ANLISIS DE CONTENIDO
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCCIN
Pregnant women are going through a critical La mujer embarazada vive un hecho crucial en su vida.
moment in their lives. Pregnancy has multiple El embarazo tiene mltiples significados: es un proceso
connotations: it is a biological process, but it is also biolgico, aunque tambin social, que ocurre en un con-
a social one occurring in a complex and dynamic texto complejo y dinmico; a pesar de ello, las investiga-
context; however, the studies tend to concentrate ciones tienden a concentrar su inters en los aspectos
on biological, individual aspects, as well as on biolgicos, individuales, as como en la enfermedad y en
diseases, focusing almost exclusively on the fetus la importancia, casi exclusiva, que se le da al feto, dejan-
and leaving aside the value of women. Therefore, do de lado el valor de la mujer. De esta forma, el emba-
pregnancy and the health of pregnant women are razo y la salud de las mujeres gestantes se visualizan, se
seen, understood, and dealt with in a fragmented, comprenden y se abordan de una manera fragmentada
functionalist manner.1 y funcionalista.1
The oral health of pregnant women is an essential La salud oral de las gestantes representa un componente
component of their health and life. However, esencial de su salud y su vida. A pesar de ello, se percibe
the relationship between pregnancy, oral health, en la literatura que la relacin entre embarazo, salud oral,
dental care, and associated social factors seem to atencin odontolgica y factores sociales asociados pa-
be underestimated in the literature, agreeing with recen subestimarse, de forma consecuente con la lgica
the logics of society concerning the biological que orienta a la sociedad frente a la comprensin biol-
understanding of pregnancy and the care it requires. gica del embarazo y su atencin. Adems, las profundas
In addition, the big inequities in terms of oral inequidades frente a la salud oral y la atencin odonto-
health and dental care of pregnant women make it lgica de las mujeres embarazadas promueven la nece-
necessary to conduct new comprehensive research sidad de considerar otro tipo de abordajes investigativos
to approach the complexity of this phenomenon y comprensivos que logren capturar la complejidad del
and its influencing processes.2 fenmeno y los procesos que lo determinan.2
In terms of epistemological perspectives, research En cuanto a las perspectivas epistemolgicas, las inves-
on these topics seem to be predominantly addressed tigaciones sobre estas temticas parecen abordarse pre-
from positivism, and rarely from phenomenological dominantemente desde el positivismo, pocas veces desde
and critical approaches.3 However, the literature lo fenomenolgico y desde las perspectivas crticas.3 Sin
lacks publications that allow to recognize the embargo, no se identifican en la literatura publicaciones
topics that tend to be researched in this field, the que permitan reconocer sobre qu temticas se tiende a
epistemological perspectives commonly used investigar en este campo, desde qu perspectivas episte-
to approach this field of inquiry, or the prevalent molgicas usualmente se abordan estas pesquisas y cu-
les son las tcnicas investigativas que predominan.
research techniques.
In consequence, one may think that research on Considerando lo expuesto, se podra pensar que la inves-
these topics is understood in various ways and tigacin relacionada con estas temticas se compren-
approached from different perspectives. Hence de de diversas maneras y se aborda desde diferentes
perspectivas. Por ello, surge el inters en este trabajo
the interest in the task of characterizing the
de caracterizar las publicaciones, los autores y las ins-
publications, authors, and institutions researching
tituciones que investigan acerca de estas temticas;
these topics, assessing the quality of publications,
Revista Facultad de Odontologa Universidad de Antioquia - Vol. 28 N.o 2 - Primer semestre, 2017 267
ORAL HEALTH AND DENTAL CARE IN PREGNANT WOMEN:
BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY, SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, AND CONTENT ANALYSIS
and analyzing the content of related articles, in order analizar la calidad de la evidencia que se produce con
to identify the ontological, epistemological, and relacin a estos tpicos, y efectuar anlisis de contenido
de los artculos asociados a estos con el propsito de
methodological aspects of the scientific production
identificar los aspectos ontolgicos, epistemolgicos y
related to these topics. metodolgicos de la produccin cientfica relacionada
con estas temticas.
METHODOLOGY METODOLOGA
The following process was followed for the Para realizar el estudio bibliomtrico, la revisin sistem-
bibliometric study, systematic review, and content tica y el anlisis de contenido, se llev a cabo el siguiente
analysis: proceso:
First, the literature search plan was formulated, En primera instancia, se formul el plan de bsqueda
identifying the search terms in the MeSH thesaurus de la literatura. Para ello se identificaron los trminos de
of the PubMed/Medline database using the key bsqueda en el tesauro MeSH de la base de datos Pub-
words of the specialized literature found in Med/Medline y en las palabras clave de la literatura espe-
exploratory search. Terms were selected and used cializada encontrada en consultas exploratorias. Dichos
trminos se seleccionaron y se aplicaron de manera sis-
consistently in each consulted database, according
temtica en cada una de las bases de datos consultadas,
to the specific search syntax for each system, so
de acuerdo a las sintaxis de bsqueda especficas para
the search commands could vary in form, but not
cada sistema, con lo cual los comandos de bsqueda
regarding the contents obtained (Scopus, developed
pudieron variar en cuanto a la forma pero no con res-
by Elsevier; PubMed/Medline, by the National pecto a los contenidos obtenidos (Scopus, desarrollada
Library of Medicine in the United States; and the por Elsevier; PubMed/Medline, de la Biblioteca Nacional
main collection of the Web of Science databases de Medicina en Estados Unidos; y las bases de datos
developed by Thomson Reuters, especially Science de la coleccin principal de la plataforma Web of Scien-
Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences ce desarrolladas por Thomson Reuters, especialmente
Citation Index. It must be noted that results of Science Citation Index Expanded y Social Sciences Ci-
SciELO national collections were obtained by this tation Index; hay que decir que por esta plataforma se
last platform). Terms were also searched in the obtuvieron resultados de las colecciones nacionales de
sources of consultation of grey literature with no SciELO) y en las fuentes de consulta de la literatura gris
restriction in the search period (until the second sin restriccin en el periodo de bsqueda (hasta el se-
half of 2014). Search equations were created gundo semestre de 2014). A partir de las palabras clave
se generaron las ecuaciones de bsqueda, y con ellas
from the key words, thus creating a list of articles.
emergieron los listados de artculos. Con estos registros
Duplicates were later identified, selecting the
se procedi a identificar los duplicados y a seleccionar
publications that were finally included in this study.
las publicaciones que se incluyeron en la investigacin.
The search expressions were set as follows:
Las expresiones de bsqueda fueron las siguientes:
1. (social determinants of health OR multilevel 1. (social determinants of health OR multilevel
analysis OR social gradient* OR social analysis OR social gradient* OR social ca-
capital OR inequality* OR ethnic* OR gender pital OR inequality* OR ethnic* OR gender OR
OR social class OR ecosocial OR psychosocial social class OR ecosocial OR psychosocial OR
OR collective health OR social network collective health OR social network OR social

OR social support) AND (oral health support) AND (oral health OR oral disease*
OR oral disease* OR dental service* OR OR dental service* OR caries OR periodontitis OR
caries OR periodontitis OR dental care) AND dental care) AND (pregnant* OR womens heal-
(pregnant* OR womens health) th)
2. (social determinants of health) AND (oral 2. (social determinants of health) AND (oral health
health OR oral disease OR dental care OR OR oral disease OR dental care OR caries OR pe-
caries OR periodontitis OR dental care) AND riodontitis OR dental care) AND (pregnant women
(pregnant women OR womens health) OR womens health)
3. (social determinants of health OR multilevel 3. (social determinants of health OR multilevel

analysis OR living standard OR social analysis OR living standard OR social capital
capital OR inequality OR ethnic* OR sex OR inequality OR ethnic* OR sex OR Socioecono-
OR Socioeconomic Status OR ecosocial OR mic Status OR ecosocial OR social support OR
social support OR collective health OR collective health OR social network OR social
social network OR social support) AND support) AND (oral health OR oral disease OR
(oral health OR oral disease OR dental dental care OR caries OR periodontitis OR dental
care OR caries OR periodontitis OR dental care) AND (pregnant women)
care) AND (pregnant women)
4. (social determinants of health OR multilevel 4. (social determinants of health OR multilevel analy-

analysis OR social gradient* OR social sis OR social gradient* OR social capital OR in-
capital OR inequality* OR ethnic* OR equality* OR ethnic* OR sex OR social class OR
sex OR social class OR psychosocial OR psychosocial OR collective health OR social ne-
collective health OR social network OR twork OR social support) AND (oral health OR
social support) AND (oral health OR oral oral disease* OR dental service* OR caries OR
disease* OR dental service* OR caries OR periodontitis OR dental care) AND (pregnant OR
periodontitis OR dental care) AND (pregnant womens health)
OR womens health)
Eligibility of articles was then confirmed. To do Posteriormente se procedi a verificar la elegibilidad de

this, two examiners independently evaluated titles los artculos. Para ello, dos examinadores evaluaron de
and abstracts of the described search results to manera independiente los ttulos y resmenes de los re-
sultados de la bsqueda descrita para precisar la elegibi-
determine eligibility of the articles according to
lidad de los artculos segn los criterios de inclusin de
the inclusion criteria set in this study. In case of la investigacin. En los casos en los que se presentaron
differences in the examiners analysis for article diferencias en el anlisis de los examinadores frente a la
eligibility, a third examiner was consulted in order determinacin de la elegibilidad de los artculos, se con-
to settle the difference. Articles that were classified sult con un tercer examinador con el propsito de dirimir
as eligible, as well as those that were not easily la diferencia. Los artculos que se clasificaron como ele-
identified as eligible based on their abstract or gibles, as como aquellos en los que no se pudo deter-
minar su elegibilidad a travs del resumen o el ttulo, se
title, were obtained in full text in order to confirm
obtuvieron en texto completo y se procedi a confirmar su
inclusion or exclusion. inclusin o exclusin.
Characterization of the process of Caracterizacin del proceso de bsqueda y
bibliography search and selection seleccin de la bibliografa
The Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus Para la revisin sistemtica se utilizaron las bases de
databases were used for the systematic review, datos Web of Science, PubMed y Scopus, de las cuales
yielding 412 articles. This corpus of articles went emergieron 412 artculos. A este corpus de registros se
through a first filter, which consisted in eliminating le aplic el primer filtro, que consisti en eliminar los du-
exact duplicates. 138 articles were discarded for plicados exactos. En este proceso se descartaron 138
artculos por solapamiento (Web of Science y PubMed
overlapping (Web of Science and PubMed = 31;
= 31; PubMed y Scopus = 78; Scopus y Web of Scien-
PubMed and Scopus = 78; Scopus and Web of
ce = 3; PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science = 26 esta
Science = 3; PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science
ltima cuando las publicaciones emergieron en las tres
= 26the latter when publications appeared in
bases de datos en forma simultnea, mientras que en las
the three databases at the same time, while in all anteriores se evidenciaban los artculos en slo dos de
the others the articles appeared in just two of the las bases exploradas) y se conservaron 274. Los ar-
explored databases), keeping 274 articles. The tculos seleccionados pasaron nuevamente por un filtro,
selected articles went through a second filter, en el cual se descartaron aquellos que no estaban rela-
discarding those that were not related to the topic or cionados con la temtica o estaban incompletos. De esta
were incomplete. Thus, 67 articles were excluded, forma se excluyeron 67 artculos y permanecieron 207.
leaving 207. Then, 21 articles and documents found Se sumaron 21 artculos y documentos encontrados en
in the grey literature were added, for a partial total la literatura gris, para un total parcial de 228 textos con
of 228 texts used for the bibliometric analysis. 131 los que se realiz el estudio bibliomtrico. De estos se
articles were eliminated because full texts were not eliminaron 131 que no se obtuvieron en texto completo,
obtained, and thus the final selection consisted of para de esta forma hacer la seleccin final de 97 artcu-
los que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusin, y sobre
97 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were
ellos se realiz la revisin sistemtica y el anlisis de
used for systematic review and content analysis
contenido (Figura 1).
(Figure 1).
Once the articles were selected, the following steps A partir de las investigaciones seleccionadas se proce-
were taken: di a:
Bibliometric analysis:4 extraction of the Efectuar el estudio bibliomtrico4: Para ello, se ex-
structured data from the 228 texts from the trajeron los datos estructurados de 228 textos del
corpus in machine-readable formats (.csv, corpus general en los formatos legibles (.csv, .ris,
.ris, .txt. .xlsx) using text mining software .txt, .xlsx) por el software de minera de textos (Van-
(Vantage Point, licensed by Search Technology tagePoint, licenciado por Search Technology Inc.,
Inc., academic version 9.0 by subscription). versin acadmica 9.0 por suscripcin). Con ello,
Activity indicators were obtained according to se obtuvieron los indicadores de actividad segn los
aggregation levels (frequency of publication niveles de agregacin (frecuencia de publicacin por
by years, countries, institutions, and authors), aos, pases, instituciones y autores), y de relacin
and relation (co-authorship). All this required a (coautora). Para todo ello se hizo una lectura detalla-
detailed reading of the corpus, in order to refine da de los datos en el corpus, con el fin de depurarlos
and normalize the data. y normalizarlos.
Articles
Articles Articles
identified in
identified in identified in
n=412 Web of
PubMed Scopus Obtained articles
Science
n=222 n=124
n=66
Web of Science and PubMed=31

n=138 PubMed and Web of Science=78
Scopus and Web of Science=3
Duplicate articles PubMed, Scopus and Web of
Science=26
n=274 Discarded articles (due to

n=67 inadequate topic or
incomplete information)
n=207
Articles from the grey
n=21 literature (from institutional
and thematic repositories)
n=228
Articles eliminated for not
n=131
being available in full text
Selected articles for data

n=97
extraction
Figure 1. Flowchart of the process of search and selection of articles related to the topic
Artculos Artculos Artculos

identificados en identificados en identificados en
n=412 Artculos obtenidos
Web of Science PubMed Scopus
n=66 n=222 n=124
Web of Science y PubMed=31

PubMed y Web of Science=78
n=138
Scopus y Web of Science=3
PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science=26
Artculos duplicados
n=274
Artculos descartados (por
n=67 temtica inadecuada o
informacin incompleta).
n=207
Artculos de la literatura gris
n=21 (a partir de repositorios
institucionales y temticos)
n=228
Artculos eliminados por no
n=131
estar en texto completo
Artculos seleccionados para

n=97
extraccin de datos
Figura 1. Flujograma del proceso de bsqueda y seleccin de la bibliografa relacionada con la temtica
The systematic review was conducted by Para la revisin sistemtica se procedi a extraer la
retrieving information related to authors, years, informacin relacionada con autores, aos, idioma,
language, country, journal, and study type. pas, revista y tipo de estudio. Finalizada la confirma-
Once eligibility was confirmed, and with the cin de elegibilidad, y con los artculos que se obtu-
selected articles in full text, two examiners vieron en texto completo, dos examinadores realiza-
conducted independent analysis of the ron de manera independiente el anlisis de la calidad
methodological quality of each article through metodolgica de cada uno de los artculos mediante
the Strobe guidelines for observational studies,5 la gua de calidad Strobe para estudios observacio-
Consort guidelines for clinical trials6 and Prisma nales,5 Consort para ensayos clnicos6 y Prisma para
guidelines for systematic reviews.7 las revisiones sistemticas.7
For content analysis of articles and documents En cuanto al anlisis de contenido en los artculos y
obtained in full text (97 publications), the documentos obtenidos en texto completo (97 traba-
researchers identified the categories concerning jos) se identificaron las categoras concernientes a
ontological, epistemological, and methodological los aspectos ontolgicos, epistemolgicos y meto-
aspects related to oral health, dental care, dolgicos relacionados con la salud oral, la atencin
pregnant women, and social determinants in odontolgica, la mujer embarazada y los determinan-
these documentsanalysis based on Piuels tes sociales que emergieron de estos documentos;
remarks.8 The information obtained from the anlisis que se fundament en lo referido por Piuel.8
analyzed works was processed in the Atlas-ti 6.0 La informacin obtenida a partir de los trabajos
software according to categories related to the analizados se proces en el paquete Atlas-ti 6.0 de
ontological, epistemological, and methodological acuerdo a categoras relacionadas con los aspectos
ontolgicos, epistemolgicos y metodolgicos, con
aspects, based on Breilhs observations on the
base en lo expresado por Breilh al aludir a que la
way researchers understand their object of
forma como un investigador comprende el objeto de
study (ontological), have a close relationship
estudio (ontolgico) tiene una estrecha relacin con
with the paradigms from which they see
los paradigmas a partir de los cuales ve la realidad
reality (epistemological), and develop research
(epistemolgico) y desarrolla su investigacin (me-
(methodological).9
todolgico).9
RESULTS
RESULTADOS
From the bibliometric analysis Del anlisis bibliomtrico
The purpose of a bibliometric analysis is to El propsito del anlisis bibliomtrico es caracterizar

characterize the dynamics of the publication la dinmica de la publicacin de resultados de inves-
of research results from documents indexed in tigacin a partir de documentos indexados en bases
mainstream bibliographic databases, as well as in de datos bibliogrficas de corriente principal, adems
grey literature sources, according to the chosen de fuentes de la literatura gris. Todo ello segn los ni-
aggregation levels (countries, institutions, and veles de agregacin elegidos (pases, instituciones
authors), in order to provide a panoramic review y autores), con el fin de proveer una lectura panor-
of the dynamics of publication of research results mica de la dinmica de publicacin de los resultados
chosen for this study in particular. Such panoramic de investigacin retomados para este estudio en par-
review allows evaluating the impact of research and ticular. Tal lectura panormica facilita la evaluacin del
contextualizing specific research projects. Table impacto de la investigacin y la contextualizacin de pro-
1 outlines the bibliometric indicators of countries yectos de investigacin especficos. En la tabla 1 se es-
with five or more records and their respective quematizan los indicadores bibliomtricos de los pases
institutions and authors. con cinco o ms registros y sus instituciones y autores
respectivos.
Table 1. Countries of affiliation with five or more records in the corpus. Institutions and authors associated to two or more documents (data
analyzed with Vantage Point, academic license 9.0 by subscription, Search Technology Inc.)
Countries (number of records) % of participation in the corpus Institutions (number of records) Authors (number of records)
University of North Carolina (7) Boggess, K.A (3)
University of California (San Francisco) (7) Beck, J.D (3)
United States (81) 35.52 New York University (5) Lukacs, J.R (3)
Harvard University (4) Milgrom, P (3)
University of Illinois (4) Offenbacher, S (3)
Lamarca, G.A* (3)
University College London (4)
Sheiham, A (3)
United Kingdom (22) 9.64 University of Bristol (4)
Vettore, M.V (3)
University of Sheffield (3)
Batty, G.D. (2)
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (3)
Lamarca, G.A. (3)
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (3)
Brazil (20) 8.77 Leal, M.D.C (3)
Universidade de So Paulo (3)
Barbieri, M.A (2)
Fundao Oswaldo Cruz (3)
Jamieson, LM (5)
Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health
Broughton, J. (3)
Australia (17) 7.45 (University of Adelaide) (7)
Parker, E.J (3)
University of Adelaide (2)
Roberts-Thomson, KF (3)
Universidad del Valle (5);
Concha Snchez SC (4)
Colombia (12) 5.26 Universidad Santo Toms (4)
Corchuelo Ojeda J (3)
Universidad Nacional de Colombia (2)
India (11) 4.82 Manipal University (3) Kumar, A (2)
Morgaine, K.C (2)
New Zealand (10) 4.38 University of Otago (7)
Thomson, W.M (2)
Canada (9) 3.94 University of Toronto (7) Lawrence, H.P (5)
Tokyo Dental College (2)
Japan (7) 3.07 National Center for Child Health and Development (2) Takaesu, Y (2)
Tokushima University (2)
Universit Paris VII Denis Diderot (2)
France (5) 2.19 Bouchard, P (2)
INSERM (2)
* Dual affiliation declared in an article.
Tabla 1. Pases de afiliacin con cinco o ms registros en el corpus. Instituciones y autores asociados con dos o ms documentos (datos analizados con Vantage Point,
licencia acadmica 9.0 por suscripcin, Search Technology Inc.)
Pases (nmero de registros) % de participacin en el corpus Instituciones (nmero de registros) Autores (nmero de registros)
University of North Carolina (7) Boggess, K.A (3)
University of California (San Francisco) (7) Beck, J.D (3)
Estados Unidos (81) 35,52 New York University (5) Lukacs, J.R (3)
Harvard University (4) Milgrom, P (3)
University of Illinois (4) Offenbacher, S (3)
Lamarca, G.A* (3)
University College London (4)
Sheiham, A (3)
Reino Unido (22) 9,64 University of Bristol (4)
Vettore, M.V (3)
University of Sheffield (3)
Batty, G.D. (2)
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (3)
Lamarca, G.A (3)
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (3)
Brasil (20) 8,77 Leal, M.D.C (3)
Universidade de So Paulo (3)
Barbieri, M.A (2)
Fundao Oswaldo Cruz (3)
Jamieson, L.M (5)
Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health
Broughton, J (3)
Australia (17) 7,45 (University of Adelaide) (7)
Parker, E.J (3)
University of Adelaide (2)
Roberts-Thomson, K.F (3)
Universidad del Valle (5);
Concha Snchez SC (4)
Colombia (12) 5,26 Universidad Santo Toms (4)
Corchuelo Ojeda J (3)
Universidad Nacional de Colombia (2)
India (11) 4,82 Manipal University (3) Kumar, A (2)
Morgaine, K.C (2)
Nueva Zelanda (10) 4,38 University of Otago (7)
Thomson, W.M (2)
Canad (9) 3,94 University of Toronto (7) Lawrence, H.P (5)
Tokyo Dental College (2)
Japn (7) 3,07 National Center for Child Health and Development (2) Takaesu, Y (2)
University of Tokushima (2)
Universit Paris VII Denis Diderot (2)
Francia (5) 2,19 Bouchard, P (2)
INSERM (2)
* Se declara afiliacin doble en un artculo.
Frequency of publication by countries of Frecuencia de publicacin por pases de
affiliation, institutions, and authors afiliacin, instituciones y autores
In 81 documents, the authors state that they En 81 documentos, los autores declararon pertenecer a
belong to universities, institutions, and research universidades, institutos y centros de investigacin de
centers in the United States. In 57 documents, the Estados Unidos. Por su parte, en 57 documentos los au-
authors refer affiliations in Europe, of which 22 tores refieren afiliaciones institucionales en Europa, de
records belong to the United Kingdom. 28 records las cuales en 22 registros se declara pertenencia al Rei-
indicate affiliations in Australia, New Zealand, no Unido. 28 registros indican afiliaciones institucionales
and Fiji. The authors in 36 records belong to en Australia, Nueva Zelanda y Fiji. Los autores en 36 re-
institutions in Asia, mostly in India (11 records). 8 gistros pertenecen a instituciones en Asia, en su mayora
records include authors affiliated with institutions de India (11 registros). En 8 registros hay autores afilia-
in Africa, South Africa, Kenya, Uganda, and dos a instituciones en frica, Surfrica, Kenia, Uganda
Nigeria. Affiliations to Latin American countries y Nigeria. Las afiliaciones de pases latinoamericanos
are declared in 43 records, in which Brazil is a se declaran en 43 registros, de los cuales Brasil es ma-
majority (20 records), followed by Colombia (12 yoritario (20 registros), seguido de Colombia (12 re-
records) and Mexico (3 records). Independent gistros) y Mxico (3 registros). Hay que decir que en 3
investigators were found in 3 records, and 6 records registros se encontraron investigadores independientes,
reported undefined information regarding the y 6 presentaron informacin indefinida con respecto a la
authors institutional affiliation. afiliacin institucional de los autores.
296 institutional affiliations were identified. Most Se identificaron 296 afiliaciones institucionales. La afilia-
institutional affiliations correspond to the University cin institucional mayoritaria en los registros correspon-
of North Carolina, United States (9 documents), de a la Universidad de North Carolina, Estados Unidos
followed by the Australian Research Centre for (9 documentos), seguida del Australian Research Centre
Population Oral Health, of the University of Adelaide, for Population Oral Health, de la Universidad de Adelaide,
Australia (8 documents). 89 identified affiliations Australia (8 documentos). 89 de las afiliaciones identifi-
correspond to institutions in the United States and cadas corresponden a instituciones en Estados Unidos
Canada. 48 institutional affiliations were identified y Canad. Se identificaron 48 afiliaciones institucionales
in Latin America, mostly in Brazil (23 institutions). en Latinoamrica, en su mayora brasileras (23 institu-
However, the Universidad del Valle, Colombia, and ciones). Sin embargo, la Universidad del Valle, Colom-
the Universidad Santo Toms, Bucaramanga, appear bia, y la Universidad Santo Toms, Bucaramanga, apa-
in most of the records of this region, in 5 and 4 recen registradas de manera mayoritaria en los registros
documents respectively (table 1). 801 authors were de esta regin, en 5 y 4 documentos respectivamente
identified (274 affiliated to institutions in the United (Tabla 1). Se identificaron 801 autores (274 afiliados a
States and Canada), 122 of whom are affiliated with instituciones en Estados Unidos y Canad), 122 de los
institutions in Latin America. cuales estn a afiliados a instituciones en Latinoamrica.
According to the number of records, the authors Segn la cantidad de registros, los autores con mayor
with most publications are Lawrence, HP (5 records, cantidad de publicaciones son Lawrence, HP (5 regis-
University of Toronto, Canada); Jamieson, LM (5 tros, Universidad de Toronto, Canad); Jamieson, LM
records, Australian Research Centre for Population (5 registros, Australian Research Centre for Population
Oral Health); Boggess, KA (4 records, University Oral Health); Boggess, KA (4 registros, Universidad de
of North Carolina, United States); Broughton, J. North Carolina, Estados Unidos); Broughton, J (4 re-
(4 records, University of Otago, New Zealand); gistros, Universidad de Otago, Nueva Zelanda); Concha
Concha Snchez, SC (4 records, Universidad Santo Snchez, SC (4 registros, Universidad Santo Toms,
Bucaramanga, Colombia); y el grupo de autores de la
Toms, Bucaramanga, Colombia); and the group of
Universidad de Szeged en Hungra (4 registros; Gorz
authors from the University of Szeged in Hungary
I, Novk T, Pl A, Rdnai M y Urbn, E) (Tabla 1; Figu-
(4 records; Gorzo I, Novak T, Pal A, Radnai M and
ras 2A, 2B, 2C y 2D de mapas de coocurrencia segn
Urbn, E) (table 1; figures 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D of
la cantidad de artculos en coautora y sin coautora
co-occurrence maps based on number of articles co- internacional).
authored and without international co-authorship).
Figure 2A. International co-authorship by country of affiliation
Figura 2A. Coautora internacional por pases de afiliacin
Figure 2B. Collaboration among institutions that are majority in the corpus
Figura 2B. Colaboracin entre instituciones mayoritarias en el corpus de textos
Figure 2. Co-authorship among Latin American institutions
Figura 2C. Coautora entre instituciones latinoamericanas
Figure 2D. Collaboration among authors who are majority and conduct research on oral health and dental care to pregnant women
Aduna maps obtained from Vantage Point, academic version 9.0, Search Technology Inc.
Figura 2D. Colaboracin entre autores mayoritarios que trabajan sobre salud bucal y atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas
Mapas Aduna obtenidos a partir de VantagePoint, versin acadmica 9.0, Search Technology Inc.
International co-authorship Coautora internacional
International co-authorship is more intense among La coautora internacional es ms intensa entre los
researchers from institutions in New Zealand (80% investigadores de instituciones de Nueva Zelanda
of the records linked to that country were published (80% de los registros asociados a dicho pas fueron
in collaboration with researchers from the countries publicados en colaboracin con investigadores de los
listed under this item), Canada (78% of their records), pases que se detallan en este punto), Canad (78% de
United Kingdom (50%) and Australia (47%). The sus registros), Reino Unido (50%) y Australia (47%).
international collaboration of authors from United La colaboracin internacional de los documentos de
States institutions corresponds to 17%. On the other autores de instituciones de Estados Unidos es del
hand, 35% of documents by authors affiliated with 17%. Por su parte, 35% de los documentos de autores
Brazilian institutions were published in international afiliados a instituciones de Brasil fueron publicados en
co-authorship, especially with institutions from the coautora internacional, especialmente con instituciones
United States and the United Kingdom. Figures 2A, de Estados Unidos y del Reino Unido. En las figuras 2A,
2B, 2C and 2D show the internal and external co- 2B, 2C y 2D se representa la coautora interna y externa
authorship in the corpus of texts, according to the en el corpus de textos, de acuerdo con los niveles de
specified levels of aggregation. agregacin especificados.
The strongest cluster of institutions in terms of El clster de instituciones ms fuerte en cuanto a

collaboration includes institutions from Australia colaboracin incluye a las instituciones australianas
(Australian Research Centre for Population Oral (Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health,
Health at the University of Adelaide; Flinders de la Universidad de Adelaide; Flinders University;
University; Curtin University; University of Curtin University; University of Newcastle; University
Newcastle; University of Melbourne; Deakin of Melbourne; Deakin University); neozelandesas
University), and New Zealand (University of (University of Otago; Raukura Hauora O Tainui Trust;
Otago; Raukura Hauora O Tainui Trust; Waikato- Waikato-Tainui College for Research and Development).
Tainui College for Research and Development). Se incluye en esta red de colaboracin a la Universidad
This network of cooperation includes the University de Toronto (Canad), la Universidad Federal de Santa
of Toronto (Canada), the Universidade Federal de Catarina (Brasil), la Universidad de North Carolina y
Santa Catarina (Brazil), the University of North la Universidad de Iowa (ambas de Estados Unidos).
Carolina, and the University of Iowa (both from La colaboracin entre instituciones latinoamericanas
the United States). The collaboration among Latin resulta menos representativa, dado que no supera los
American institutions is less representative, as it tres artculos en coautora internacional, lo cual podra
does not exceed three articles in international co- reflejar la dispersin del inters en estos asuntos de
authorship, which could reflect the dispersion of investigacin.
interest in these research fields.
As for authors, the most prominent are Jamieson LM En cuanto a los autores, se evidencia la centralidad de
and Lawrence HP from the Australia- New Zealand- Jamieson LM y Lawrence HP del clster Australia-Nue-
Canada cluster, whose studies were published between va Zelanda-Canad, cuyas publicaciones han aparecido
2010 and 2014. Boggess KA is also noticeable (with entre 2010 y 2014. A su vez, se evidencia la centralidad
publications in 2001, 2008, 2010, and 2011) of the de Boggess KA (publicaciones de 2001, 2008, 2010 y
cluster of authors from the University of North 2011) para el clster de autores de la Universidad de
Carolina (figures 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D). North Carolina (Figuras 2A, 2B, 2C y 2D).
From the systematic review De la revisin sistemtica
Data related to years of publication and study Datos relacionados con aos de publicacin y
type tipo de estudio
The description of studies according to period of La descripcin de las investigaciones segn periodo de
publication shows that 8.2% of studies on this publicacin muestra que en las dcadas de los sesenta a
topic were conducted between the 1960s and the los noventa se public el 8,2% de las investigaciones en
1990s. The period 2000-2009 shows an increase of esta temtica. En los aos 2000 a 2009 se observa un in-
23.7% in this type of publications; this means that cremento del 23,7% de estas publicaciones; es decir, en
publications related to this subject doubled in ten diez aos se duplicaron las publicaciones relacionadas
years, while between 2010 and 2014 it tripled over con la temtica; mientras que entre el 2010 al 2014 se
the previous decade, reaching a percentage of 68% triplic la produccin con respecto a la dcada anterior,
(Figure 3). alcanzando un porcentaje de 68% (Figura 3).
80,0 80,0
68,0 70,0 68,0

70,0
60,0 60,0
50,0 50,0
40,0 40,0
30,0 30,0
23,7 23,7
20,0 20,0
8,2 8,2
10,0 10,0
0,0 0,0
Years 1960s-1990s 2000-2009 2010-2014 aos 60 a 90 2000-2009 2010-2014
Years Absolute Frequency Relative Frequency Aos Frecuencia absoluta Frecuencia relativa
1960s to 1990s 8 8.2 aos 60 a 90 8 8,2
2000-2009 23 23.7 2000-2009 23 23,7
2010-2014 66 68.0 2010-2014 66 68,0
Figure 3. Description of the studies according to period of publication Figura 3. Descripcin de las investigaciones segn periodo de publicacin
The description of publications according to study La descripcin de las investigaciones segn tipo de estu-
type shows that observational cross-sectional dio demuestra que predominan los estudios observacio-
studies are predominant, with 36.1%, while studies nales de tipo corte transversal, con un 36,1%; mientras
traditionally considered of higher evidence, such que los estudios tradicionalmente catalogados como de
as systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and clinical mayor evidencia, como las revisiones sistemticas, los
trials, as well as qualitative or mixed studies, are metaanlisis y los ensayos clnicos, as como los estu-
less common (Table 2). dios cualitativos o mixtos, se implementan poco (Tabla 2).
Table 2. Description of studies on oral health and dental care to Tabla 2. Descripcin de las investigaciones sobre la salud bucal y la atencin
pregnant women according to study type odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas segn tipo de estudio
Absolute Relative Frecuencia Frecuencia

Study type Tipo de estudio
frequency frequency absoluta relativa
Meta-analysis and systematic review 3 3.1 Metaanlisis y revisin sistemtica 3 3,1
Controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials 7 7.2 Ensayos clnicos controlados y no controlados 7 7,2
Cohort study 8 8.2 Estudio de cohorte 8 8,2
Case-control study 11 11.3 Estudio de casos y controles 11 11,3
Cross-sectional study 35 36.1 Estudio de corte transversal 35 36,1
Population-based study 11 11.3 Estudio poblacional 11 11,3
Review and case report 15 15.5 Revisin y reporte de caso 15 15,5
Qualitative or mixed study 7 7.2 Estudio cualitativo o mixto 7 7,2
In terms of quality of the studies, these are the En cuanto a la calidad de las investigaciones, a conti-
criteria with the lowest levels of compliance in nuacin se presentan los criterios con menores niveles
the 64 articles evaluated by means of Strobe: use de cumplimiento en los 64 artculos evaluados mediante
a flowchart; describe sensitivity analyses; explain Strobe: usar un diagrama de flujo; describir los anlisis
the treatment of missing data; describe the reasons de sensibilidad; explicar el tratamiento de los datos au-
sentes (missing data); describir las razones de la prdida
for participants loss in each phase; rate estimates
de participantes en cada fase; valorar las estimaciones
of relative risk with estimates of absolute risk for
de riesgo relativo con estimaciones del riesgo absolu-
a relevant period of time; describe other analyses
to para un periodo de tiempo relevante; describir otros
carried out (subgroups, interactions, or sensitivity),
anlisis efectuados (de subgrupos, interacciones o sen-
and indicate the number of participants with sibilidad), e indicar el nmero de participantes con datos
missing data in each assessed variable. ausentes en cada variable de inters.
Out of the seven articles analyzed with Consort, De los siete artculos analizados mediante Consort, los
these are the criteria with the lowest level of criterios con menor nivel de cumplimiento en los art-
compliance: indicate who generates the random culos fueron: sealar quin genera la secuencia de la
allocation sequence, who registered participants asignacin aleatoria, quin inscribe a los participantes
and who assigns participants to the intervention; y quin asigna los participantes a la intervencin; regis-
record the sources of funding and support and the trar las fuentes de financiacin y de apoyo y el papel de
role of funders; indicate, if applicable, who was los financiadores; referir, si aplica, quin qued ciego o
blinded or masked following the intervention (e.g., enmascarado despus de la intervencin (por ejemplo,
participants, those who manage the intervention, los participantes, los que administran la intervencin, los
those who evaluated the results), and how they que evaluaron los resultados), y cmo se evalu el xito
evaluated the success of the masking technique del proceso de la tcnica de enmascaramiento; describir
process; and describe the mechanism used to el mecanismo utilizado para implementar la secuencia de
implement the random allocation sequence. asignacin aleatoria.
Of the three articles assessed by means of Prism, the De los tres artculos evaluados mediante Prisma,
following criteria were not met: specify the studies no se cumplieron los siguientes criterios: especifi-
details (e.g. peak and duration of follow-up) and car las caractersticas de los estudios (por ejemplo,
the characteristics used as criteria for eligibility pico y duracin del seguimiento) y de las caracte-
and validation (e.g. covered years, language, or rsticas (por ejemplo, aos abarcados, idiomas o
publication status); describe an electronic search estatus de publicacin) utilizadas como criterios de ele-
strategy in at least one database, including the gibilidad y su justificacin; presentar la estrategia com-
limits used, so that it can be reproducible; present pleta de bsqueda electrnica en al menos una base de
the number of studies that were screened, assessed datos, incluyendo los lmites utilizados, de tal forma que
for eligibility, and included in the review, and detail pueda ser reproducible; facilitar el nmero de estudios
the reasons for exclusion in each stage, ideally cribados, evaluados para su elegibilidad e incluidos en la
revisin, y detallar las razones para su exclusin en cada
using a flowchart.
etapa, idealmente mediante un diagrama de flujo.
From the content analysis Del anlisis de contenido
In ontological terms, the databases yielded articles En lo ontolgico se puede observar que de las bases de
focused on three core themes. The first theme datos emergen artculos orientados a tres ejes temticos
focuses on women and how their specific biological centrales. El primero enfatiza en la mujer y en cmo su
condition, linked to puberty, pregnancy, lactation, condicin biolgica particular, relacionada con la pu-
menopause, and hormonal changes related to these bertad, el embarazo, la lactancia, la menopausia y los
events, make a difference in the oral condition and cambios hormonales relacionados con estos eventos,
marcan la diferencia en la condicin oral y las necesida-
the needs for dental treatment in comparison to
des de tratamiento odontolgico entre las mujeres y los
men throughout the life cycle.
hombres a lo largo del ciclo vital.
The topics emerging in this thematic area refer to Los tpicos que emergen en este eje temtico aluden a
biological aspects, economy and work, gender roles, aspectos biolgicos, economa y trabajo, roles de gne-
inequities in health, and curriculum in the dental ro, inequidad en salud y currculo en el rea odontol-
field. Table 3 lists the authors whose publications gica. La tabla 3 ilustra los autores cuyas publicaciones
are identified on this thematic area and in each of se identifican en este eje y en cada uno de los tpicos
the abovementioned topics, as well as potential referidos, as como las potenciales limitaciones que po-
limitations identifiable in these publications (Annex dran identificarse en estas publicaciones (en el Anexo 1
se presentan las referencias de los autores incluidos en
1 lists the references of authors included in table
esta tabla 3). Las investigaciones relacionadas con este
3). Studies related to this thematic focus advocate
eje temtico promueven una atencin diferencial entre
for differential care for men and women. However,
los hombres y las mujeres. Sin embargo, concentran su
they focus their attention on biological traits or
atencin en los rasgos biolgicos o analizan aspectos
analyze structural aspects without establishing del orden estructural sin establecer una conexin entre
connections with the overall and oral biological estos y las condiciones biolgicas generales y orales
conditions faced by pregnant women. que enfrentan las mujeres embarazadas.
Table 3. List of the topics, authors, limitations, and paradigms that focus on differences between men and women
Topics Authors* Limitations Paradigm

Lukacs et al, Willis et al, Sinkford et al, Russell et al, Konttinen Investigations focusing on biological aspects.
Biological aspects Positivism
et al, Niessen et They analyze structural aspects with no connections
Economy and work Watson et al to biological aspects Positivism
Gender roles Silva Critical
Inequities in health Senicato Positivism
Dentistry curriculum Rezende Positivism
* See Annex 1 at the end of the article, which lists the references of the publications included in table 3.
Tabla 3. Relacin de los tpicos, autores, limitaciones y paradigmas que enfatizan en la diferencia entre los hombres y las mujeres
Tpicos Autores* Limitaciones Paradigma

Lukacs et al, Willis et al, Sinkford et al, Russell et al, Investigaciones que se concentran en lo biolgico.
Lo biolgico Positivismo
Konttinen et al, Niessen Analizan los aspectos estructurales sin conexin con
Economa y trabajo Watson et al lo biolgico. Positivismo
Roles de gnero Silva Crtico
Inequidades en salud Senicato Positivismo
Currculo de odontologa Rezende Positivismo
*Ver el anexo 1 al final del artculo, que recopila las referencias de los trabajos incluidos en la tabla 3.
In the second thematic area, the relationship En el segundo eje temtico, la relacin entre embarazo,
between pregnancy, oral health, dental care, and salud oral, atencin y los determinantes sociales en las
social determinants in pregnant women is analyzed gestantes se analizan considerando el impacto de estos
considering the impact of these aspects on the oral aspectos sobre la salud oral y general del hijo o la hija,
and overall health of their children, and therefore razn por la cual el inters real se centra en el fruto de
the real focus is on the result of the gestation instead la gestacin y no en la condicin de salud, bienestar y
calidad de vida de la mujer embarazada. A pesar de reco-
of the condition of health, well-being, and quality
nocer las implicaciones que estas investigaciones tienen
of life of pregnant women. While recognizing the
sobre la salud oral en la infancia, la mujer embarazada
implications of these studies on childrens oral
pierde su valor en este proceso y se subestima el impac-
health, pregnant women become less important
to que la salud oral y su atencin tienen sobre la vida,
in this process, underestimating the impact of oral la salud y la calidad de vida de estas mujeres durante el
health and dental care on the life, health and quality periodo de gestacin. La tabla 4 esquematiza los tpicos
of life of women during the gestation period. Table y autores, pero tambin las potenciales limitaciones de
4 outlines the topics and authors, but also the estas investigaciones (en el Anexo 2, al final del artculo,
potential limitations of the studies (Annex 2, at the se presentan los referentes de los autores incluidos en
end of the article, lists the references of authors esta tabla 4).
included in table 4).
Table 4. List of the topics, authors, limitations, and paradigms that focus on the impact of oral and overall health on childrens health

Broughton et al, Do et al, Chamberlain et al, Mobley et al,
Result of pregnancy Horowitz, Watson et al, Acua-Gonzlez et al, Chaffee et Pregnant women become less important. Positivism
al, Rezende et et, Dos Santos, Rothnie et al They underestimate the impact of oral
health and dental care on the life, health
Interventions in pregnant women and quality of life of these women.
Clifford et al, Chaffee Positivism
for the childs health
Tabla 4. Relacin de los tpicos, autores, limitaciones y paradigmas que enfatizan en el impacto de la salud general y oral sobre la salud de su hijo(a)

Broughton et al, Do et al, Chamberlain et al, Mobley et al,
Fruto de la gestacin Horowitz, Watson et al, Acua-Gonzlez et al, Chaffee et La embarazada pierde su valor. Positivismo
al, Rezende et al, Dos Santos, Rothnie et al Subestiman el impacto de la salud oral
y la atencin sobre la vida, la salud y la
Intervenciones a la embarazada calidad de vida de estas mujeres.
Clifford et al, Chaffee Positivismo
por la salud del nio(a)
*Ver el anexo 2 al final del artculo, que recopila las referencias de los trabajos incluidos en la tabla 4.
The third thematic area, the relationship between En el tercer eje temtico, la relacin entre embarazo, sa-
pregnancy, oral health, dental care and its lud oral, atencin y su relacin con lo social, el foco de
relationship to social aspects, focuses on pregnant inters es la mujer embarazada y son varios los tpicos
women addressing several specific topics: the first especficos que se abordan: el primero se refiere a los
topic relates to the biological changes that pregnant cambios biolgicos que registran las mujeres gestantes
women experience at the immunological and a nivel inmunolgico y microbiolgico, a nivel periodon-
microbiological levels, as well as at the periodontal tal y a nivel oral en general. En estos trabajos se observa
and oral levels in general. These aspects become la relevancia que se le da a estos aspectos, o la tenden-
important in such studies, which tend to isolate cia a aislar la boca del resto del cuerpo, y ms an de la
the mouth from the rest of the body, as well as the realidad social que las mujeres embarazadas enfrentan
social realities faced by pregnant women (table 5). (Tabla 5).
Pregnant womens representations of oral health is Las representaciones que tienen las mujeres embara-
another topic in this third thematic area. The studies zadas sobre la salud oral es otro tpico de este tercer
show the influence of beliefs and knowledge on the eje temtico. Las investigaciones realizadas muestran la
self-care practices and the attendance of pregnant influencia de las creencias y los conocimientos sobre las
women to dental consultation. The studies hold medidas de autocuidado y la asistencia de las mujeres
pregnant women responsible for their oral health embarazadas a la consulta odontolgica. Los estudios
and dental care, based on the representations these les atribuyen la responsabilidad de la salud bucal y la
women have built throughout their lives, which atencin a las gestantes, soportados en las representa-
ciones que estas mujeres han construido a lo largo de su
influence self-care and oral health practices during
vida y que tienen injerencia sobre las prcticas de auto-
the process of gestation. A tendency to blame
cuidado en salud oral asumidas por ellas durante el pro-
women for their oral situation can be observed in
ceso de gestacin. En estas investigaciones se percibe
these studies (Table 5).
la tendencia a culpabilizar a las mujeres por la situacin
oral que enfrentan (Tabla 5).
Table 5. List of the topics, authors, limitations, and paradigms that focus on the biological and social aspects of oral health and dental care of
pregnant women

Relevance to biological aspects.
Christian et al, Karunachandra et al, Rodrguez et
Biological changes They isolate the mouth from the rest of the body and Positivism
al, Nayak et al
the social reality of pregnant women.
Boggess et al, Jamieson et al, Abiola et al, Claas
Pregnant womens Beliefs and knowledge about self-care. They blame Positivism,
et al, Garvero et al, Crdova et al, Claro et al,
representations women for their oral conditions. phenomenology
Escobar et al, Urrea et al, Sourabha et al, Esa et al
Professional representations should be strengthened.
Clinicians Alves et al, Zanata et al, Chi et al, Patil et al, Doyal Positivism,
They focus investigative efforts on the individual: the
representations et al phenomenology
tip of the iceberg.
Interventions, Thompson et al, Boggess et al , Geisinger et
access, barriers, and al, Kaushal et al, Machuca et al, Albert et al, Reductionist fragmented view. Structural aspects are
Positivism
coverage of the health Ramos-Gmez et al, Azofeifa et al, Ayala, Saddki neglected.
system et, Snchez et al, Marchi et al
Inequality and social Lamarca et al, Corchuelo et al, Boillot et al, Social determinants as external factors. They do not
determinants of Wandera et al, Ben et al, Jamieson, Concha et al, integrate the social reality with the systemic and oral Positivism, critical
health Silva A biological conditions of pregnant women.
Oral pathologies
Xiong et al, Contreras et al, Scannapieco et al, Biological aspects are emphasized. Reductionist
adverse pregnancy Positivism
Baskaradoss et al fragmented view
events
Tabla 5. Relacin de los tpicos, autores, limitaciones y paradigmas que enfatizan en los aspectos biolgicos y sociales de la salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica
de las mujeres embarazadas

Se le da relevancia a lo biolgico.
Christian et al, Karunachandra et al, Rodrguez et
Cambios biolgicos Aslan la boca del resto del cuerpo y de la realidad Positivismo
al, Nayak et al
social de las embarazadas.
Boggess et al, Jamieson et al, Abiola et al, Claas Creencias y conocimientos sobre el autocuidado.
Representaciones de Positivismo,
et al, Garbero et al, Crdova et al, Claro et al, Culpabilizan a las mujeres por la situacin oral que
las embarazadas fenomenologa
Escobar et al, Urrea et al, Sourabha et al, Esa et al enfrentan.
Las representaciones profesionales deben fortale-
Representaciones de Alves et al, Zanata et al, Chi et al, Patil et al, Doyal Positivismo,
cerse. Concentran los esfuerzos investigativos en lo
los profesionales et al fenomenologa
individual: la punta del iceberg.
Intervenciones, Thompson et al, Boggess et al, Geisinger et
acceso, barreras, al, Kaushal et al, Machuca et al, Albert et al, Mirada reduccionista fraccionada. Desconocen
Positivismo
vinculacin al sistema Ramos-Gmez et al, Azofeifa et al, Ayala, Saddki aspectos del orden estructural.
de atencin et al, Snchez et al, Marchi et al
La inequidad y Lamarca et al, Corchuelo et al, Boillot et al, Los determinantes sociales como factores externos.
Positivismo,
los determinantes Wandera et al, Ben et al, Jamieson, Concha et al, No integran la realidad social con las condiciones
crtico
sociales de la salud Silva A biolgicas sistmicas y orales de las gestantes.
Patologas orales-
Xiong et al, Contreras et al, Scannapieco et al, Se les da preponderancia a los aspectos biolgicos.
eventos adversos del Positivismo
Baskaradoss et al Visin reduccionista y fragmentada.
embarazo
*Ver el anexo 3 al final del artculo, que recopila las referencias de los trabajos incluidos en la tabla 5
The clinicians representations is another topic Las representaciones de los profesionales de la salud
in this third thematic area. The studies show that es otro aspecto analizado en este tercer eje temtico. Se
clinicians representations about overall health, oral evidencia que las representaciones de los odontlogos y
health, and pregnant womens dental care must be los profesionales sobre la salud general, la salud oral y la
strengthened, focusing much of the research efforts atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas deben
on aspects of individual order, with the consequent ser fortalecidas, concentrando gran parte de los esfuer-
zos investigativos en aspectos del orden individual, con la
fragmentation of reality (Table 5).
consecuente fragmentacin de la realidad (Tabla 5).
This third thematic area also highlights the studies En este tercer eje temtico tambin se destacan los traba-
that evaluate aspects related to the care provided jos que se proponen evaluar aspectos relacionados con la
to pregnant women in terms of specific oral health atencin de las mujeres gestantes en trminos de interven-
interventions seeking to solve the oral pathologies ciones especficas en salud oral orientadas a resolver las
that may arise during pregnancy. These studies patologas orales surgidas durante el proceso de gestacin.
show pregnant womens poor access to dental En estos se muestran el bajo acceso que tienen las muje-
res gestantes a la consulta odontolgica, y las barreras que
consultation, as well as the barriers they usually
enfrentan para acceder a ella. Otros analizan la injerencia
find. Other studies analyze the situation of oral
sobre la salud oral y la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres
health and dental care of pregnant women in terms
embarazadas en las formas de vinculacin al sistema de
of coverage of the health care system; most studies
atencin en salud; en su mayora, incluyen aspectos que
address the collective aspects of the relationship se proponen abordar el nivel colectivo de la relacin entre
between pregnancy, oral health, and dental care embarazo, salud oral y atencin odontolgica, intentando
over the individual level, although they fail to superar el nivel individual, aunque no trascienden de la mira-
transcend the reductionist fragmented view, due to da reduccionista y fraccionada, debido al desconocimiento
lack of knowledge on structural aspects (table 5). de los aspectos estructurales que los influencian (Tabla 5).
In this thematic area, inequity and the social En este eje temtico, la inequidad y los determinantes
determinants of health are also addressed by sociales de la salud tambin son abordados por los in-
researchers. Several studies focus on the theory vestigadores. Hay que sealar los trabajos sustentados
of social capital and social networks, based on the en la teora del capital social y las redes sociales, apo-
theory of social gradient and on educational and yados en la teora de gradiente social y la condicin
socioeconomic conditions; some others analyze socioeconmica o educativa; en factores sociodemo-
socio-demographic factors, or racial and ethnic grficos o soportados en las diferencias raciales y t-
differences, as well as inequity in access to dental nicas; en la inequidad en el acceso a la atencin odon-
tolgica de las mujeres embarazadas, sustentados en
care by pregnant women, supported on either the
la determinacin social de la salud, o en el gnero, so-
social determinants of health, gender, or the social
portados en la comprensin de la determinacin social
determinants by the epidemiology of lifestyle.
desde la epidemiologa de los modos de vida. Muchas
Many studies focus on social determinants as
de estas investigaciones se centran en la visin de los
external factors that fail to integrate the social
determinantes sociales como factores externos que no
reality experienced by pregnant women and the integran la realidad social vivida por las mujeres emba-
biological conditions they face in both the systemic razadas con las condiciones biolgicas que enfrentan a
and oral levels (table 5). nivel sistmico y oral (Tabla 5).
Finally, it is important to point out that in this Finalmente, es necesario sealar que, en este ltimo eje te-
last thematic area, the studies tend to analyze the mtico, las investigaciones se orientan fundamentalmente
relationship of oral diseases and the adverse events a analizar la relacin de las patologas orales con eventos
during pregnancy. However, the large number adversos en el embarazo. Con todo, la gran cantidad de in-
of studies on this topic highlights its importance vestigaciones desarrolladas alrededor de este tpico sea-
to the dental profession, but it also suggests the lan la importancia que la profesin odontolgica le concede
a esta temtica, indican la preponderancia que se les otorga
predominance of the biological aspects and the
a los aspectos biolgicos y la visin reduccionista y frag-
fragmented reductionist view within the profession
mentada que existe en el marco de la profesin en torno al
around pregnancy, oral health, and dental care.
embarazo, la salud oral y la atencin odontolgica.
In summary, we can say that the studies that En sntesis, se puede afirmar que las investigaciones
focus on pregnancy, oral health, and dental care relacionadas con el embarazo, la salud oral, la atencin
of pregnant women and its social determinants in odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas y sus determi-
this third thematic area center their attention on nantes sociales de este tercer eje temtico, se concentran
biological aspects, and to a lesser extent on the en los aspectos biolgicos, y en menor proporcin en las
representations on oral health, care and self-care representaciones que tienen los diferentes actores sobre
la salud oral y las prcticas de cuidado o autocuidado
practices by both clinicians and pregnant women.
que asumen tanto los profesionales como las gestantes.
Few studies address the dental care provided to
Son pocas las investigaciones que abordan la atencin
pregnant women based on clinical interventions.
odontolgica de las embarazadas sustentadas en las in-
Regarding the influence of the dynamics of the
tervenciones clnicas. En cuanto a la injerencia de la di-
health care system, very few studies discuss
nmica del sistema de atencin en salud, en muy pocas
inequality or the biological relationship with the investigaciones se analizan la inequidad o la relacin de lo
social determinants of health. Very few studies biolgico con lo social en salud. Son realmente escasas
discuss the relationship of oral health and dental las que analizan esta relacin de la salud oral, la atencin
care with the inequality faced by pregnant women odontolgica y la inequidad que enfrentan las mujeres em-
seen from a comprehensive perspective, based on barazadas vistas desde una mirada integral e integradora,
the influence of social determinants on pregnant sobre la base de la injerencia de los determinantes socia-
womens oral health. les en la salud bucal de las mujeres embarazadas.
In epistemological and methodological terms, the En trminos epistemolgicos y metodolgicos, en las in-
studies on the relationship between pregnancy, oral vestigaciones acerca de la relacin entre embarazo, salud
health, dental care, and social determinants are oral, atencin odontolgica y determinantes sociales hay
coherencia entre las temticas y los paradigmas a partir
coherent in terms of the topics and paradigms from
de los cuales se realiza la investigacin. En este sentido,
which research is conducted. In this regard, it should
cabe sealar que los trabajos que enfocan su inters en
be noted that the works focused on the biological
los aspectos biolgicos relacionados con los cambios
aspects related to the oral and overall changes in
generales y orales en la mujer embarazada, la asociacin
pregnant women, the association with adverse
con eventos adversos en el embarazo, las intervenciones
events during pregnancy, the interventions aimed at orientadas a su atencin y la vinculacin al sistema de
pregnant womens care, and the coverage of the health atencin en salud se abordan desde el paradigma positi-
care system, are all approached from a positivist vista, soportados en la epidemiologa clsica, con la im-
paradigm, supported in classic epidemiology, plementacin de tcnicas cuantitativas, fundamentando
applying quantitative techniques, and using los procesos desarrollados en la estadstica como
statistical analysis as the main tool to approach the principal herramienta que permite abordar los aspectos
analyzed aspects (tables 3, 4 and 5). analizados (Tablas 3, 4 y 5).
When the focus is on the representations of Cuando el inters son las representaciones que tienen
the different parties related to the process of los diferentes actores involucrados acerca del embara-
gestation, oral health, and dental care, the studies zo, la salud oral y la atencin odontolgica, las inves-
tigaciones se abordan desde el paradigma positivista
are conducted with a positivist paradigm based
sustentadas en la epidemiologa clsica, pero tambin
on classic epidemiology, but other studies are
se evidencian las que realizan el proceso investigativo
conducted from a phenomenological paradigm
desde paradigmas fenomenolgicos (Tabla 5). En las in-
(table 5). The studies based on the positivist
vestigaciones abordadas desde el paradigma positivista
paradigm rely on quantitative techniques, while se implementan tcnicas cuantitativas, mientras que en
those with a phenomenological approach usually las que se asumen desde la fenomenologa se emplean
rely on qualitative techniques. primordialmente tcnicas cualitativas.
The research projects aimed at exploring the Las investigaciones orientadas a explorar la relacin de
relationship of biological and social aspects in oral lo biolgico con lo social en salud oral y la inequidad
health as well as inequality in pregnant womens de la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embaraza-
dental care, while scarce, are usually approached das, aunque son pocas, usualmente se abordan desde
from a positivist paradigm, supported in classic el paradigma positivista, soportadas en la epidemiologa
epidemiology or based on what Breilh referred clsica o desde lo que Breilh denomina epidemiologa
to as causal epidemiologic transition, which causal de transicin, en la que ubica los planteamientos
includes the proposition of the Commission on de la Comisin de los Determinantes Sociales de la Sa-
Social Determinants of Health, among other lud, entre otros desarrollos tericos;9 cabe sealar ade-
theoretical developments;9 it should also be noted ms que en el marco de la comprensin de esta relacin
that within the framework that seeks to understand biologa-sociedad tambin hay investigaciones que se
the biology-society relationship, some research fundamentan en perspectivas crticas, pero estas inves-
projects are based on critical perspectives, but such tigaciones son realmente escasas.
studies are really scarce.
When the studies approach the socio-economic Cuando en las investigaciones se involucran los aspec-
aspects of pregnant women, such aspects are tos socioeconmicos de las gestantes, estos se incorpo-
incorporated as variables from the classical ran como variables desde la perspectiva epidemiolgica
epidemiological perspective, namely socio- clsica; por ejemplo: estrato socioeconmico, rgimen
economic stratum, social security coverage, level de afiliacin a la seguridad social, nivel educativo, con-
of education, housing conditions, or access to diciones de la vivienda o acceso a la atencin. Sin em-
health care. However, they are treated as variables bargo, se siguen manejando como variables que estn
that are in the same level as biological variables, en el mismo plano que pueden tener las variables de tipo
without considering other perspectives. biolgico, sin reconocer otras perspectivas.
When research on this topic is approached Cuando la investigacin sobre la problemtica se asu-
from the social determinants perspective, me desde la ptica de los determinantes sociales, el
it accepts the social aspects as factors, abordaje asume los aspectos sociales como factores,
using multivariate logistic models or mediante el uso de modelos logsticos multivariados o
multilevel analysis methodologies, more focused metodologas de anlisis multinivel, que se centran ms
on the power of statistics than on recognizing the en el poder del arsenal estadstico que en reconocer los
structural aspects that determine oral health and aspectos estructurales que determinan la salud oral y la
dental care of pregnant women. The evidence atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas. Las
generally show how the income/poverty rate, evidencias ilustran cmo la tasa de ingreso y pobreza,
social capital and its relationship with community el capital social y su relacin con la organizacin de las
organizations affect peoples oral conditions. This comunidades inciden sobre la condicin oral de las per-
approach agrees with the social determinants sonas. Este abordaje corresponde a la lgica de los de-
approach suggested by the Commission of the World terminantes sociales planteado por la Comisin de la Or-
Health Organization (WHO), which proposes the ganizacin Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la cual plantea la
existence of three major components in the proposed existencia de tres componentes principales en el modelo
model: the socio-political context, the structural propuesto: el contexto socio-poltico, los determinantes
determinants, and the economic conditions, as well estructurales y la posicin econmica, as como los fac-
as intermediate factors, differentiating the closest tores intermedios, diferenciando los determinantes ms
determinants (individual and biological) from the prximos (individuales y biolgicos) y los distales (del
distal ones (at the social level) that can affect oral nivel social) que pueden estar incidiendo en la salud oral
health and dental care to pregnant women. This y en la atencin odontolgica de las embarazadas. Tal
approach also has limitations, such as the inability enfoque tambin tiene limitaciones, como la incapaci-
to overcome the causal vision, which neglects dad de superar la visin causalista, la cual desconoce la
the historicity and dynamics of phenomena in a historicidad y la dinmica de cualquier fenmeno en un
particular social context; in addition, it centers the contexto social particular; adems, centra las transfor-
transformations on governance. maciones en la gobernanza.
The literature using critical approaches is generally La literatura sustentada en enfoques crticos se explor de
centered on social dialectics, in connection to the acuerdo a la dialctica social, ligada al conocimiento de
relationship between individual and collective la relacin entre los niveles individual y colectivo, referida
levels, discussed by Breilh citing Samaja.9 Few por Breilh retomando a Samaja.9 Con este fundamento se
studies with such approach were found, and encontraron pocas investigaciones, desde estas perspec-
they generally rely on qualitative techniques or tivas, soportadas en la implementacin de tcnicas cuali-
triangulation of mixed techniques. tativas o la triangulacin de tcnicas mixtas.
Consistent with the ontological analysis, the Consecuente con el anlisis ontolgico, en el apartado
epistemological and methodological section of this epistemolgico y metodolgico se evidencia en la litera-
study identifies a predominance of the positivist tura cientfica predominio del abordaje positivista y la im-
plementacin de tcnicas cuantitativas para sustentar la
approach and the implementation of quantitative
investigacin desarrollada en relacin con la salud oral,
techniques to support the research on oral health,
el embarazo, la atencin odontolgica y los determinan-
pregnancy, dental care, and social determinants.
tes sociales. Las pesquisas desde perspectivas crticas
The studies from critical perspectives are scarce
son escasas y se sustentan fundamentalmente en tcni-
and in general are based on qualitative or mixed cas cualitativas o mixtas.
techniques.
DISCUSSION DISCUSIN
In the present study, the bibliometric analysis on En esta investigacin, el anlisis bibliomtrico sobre los
228 studies allowed us to identify the countries, 228 estudios encontrados permiti identificar pases,
institutions, authors, authors origin, institutional instituciones, autores, su procedencia, filiacin institu-
affiliation, and co-authorship networks that research cional y las redes de coautores que investigan sobre la
the relationship between oral health and dental relacin entre salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica en
care in pregnant women. The findings suggest that las mujeres embarazadas. Con base en estos resulta-
there are stronger networks among researchers, dos, se observaron redes ms slidas entre los investi-
universities, and countries located in regions with gadores, las universidades y los pases que se ubican en
greater economic development, compared with the regiones con mayor desarrollo econmico, si se com-
networks in less developed areas. This might be para con las que se establecen en aquellas con menor
desarrollo. Una posible explicacin de esta situacin se
explained by the resources that developed countries
asocia al dinero que los pases de regiones desarrolla-
invest in research on this topic, which could be related
das invierten en investigaciones sobre esta temtica y
to the statements by the Commission on Health
que podra relacionarse con lo referido por la comisin
Research for Development regarding inequities in
sobre investigacin en salud para el desarrollo, en rela-
health investment globally.10 These findings seem to
cin a las inequidades en la inversin en salud a nivel
go in a different direction to the worldwide interest
global.10 Estos resultados parecen contradecir el inters
to strengthening the health research capacities in
que existe en el contexto mundial por fortalecer las ca-
countries with low to medium development. In this
pacidades de investigacin en salud en pases de me-
sense, Lansang et al point out that the strategies diano y bajo desarrollo. En este sentido, Lansang et al
aimed at strengthening researchers aim to encourage sealan que las estrategias orientadas a fortalecer a los
advanced training programs like masters degrees and investigadores estn dirigidas a incentivar programas de
doctorates, as well as the promotion of participation formacin avanzada del tipo maestras y doctorados, y
in bilateral projects of training and development; la promocin para la participacin en proyectos de capa-
in the institutional and international context, they citacin de desarrollo bilateral; mientras que, en el con-
recommend conducting plans for human resources texto institucional e internacional, propone adelantar un
training, considering the scientific, technological plan de formacin del recurso humano, considerando las
and developmental need of each country.11 Based necesidades cientficas, tecnolgicas y de desarrollo de
on the results of the present study, strategies could cada pas.11 Con base en los resultados de esta investi-
be implemented to promote the consolidation of gacin, se podran implementar estrategias orientadas a
networks of researchers, institutions, and countries promover la consolidacin de redes de investigadores,
working on oral health and dental care provided to instituciones y pases que trabajen sobre la salud bucal
pregnant women. y la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas.
The systematic review showed the predominance of La revisin sistemtica mostr el predominio de estudios
observational cross-sectional studies, as well as very observacionales de corte transversal, as como escasos
few controlled clinical trials, focused on treatments ensayos clnicos controlados, que enfatizaron en los
for periodontal disease in pregnant women, and tratamientos para la enfermedad periodontal en emba-
few systematic reviews and meta-analysis related razadas, y pocas revisiones sistemticas y meta anlisis
to pregnancy, oral health, and dental care. Based relacionados con embarazo, salud oral y atencin odon-
on these findings, and considering the criteria of tolgica. Con estos fundamentos, y considerando los
evidence-based dentistry, the level of evidence on criterios de la odontologa basada en la evidencia, el nivel
the subject tends to be low.12 But if the analysis de la evidencia sobre la temtica tiende a ser bajo.12 Pero
is conducted from innovative theories, it may be si el anlisis se hace desde teoras renovadoras, se ob-
observed that there are few investigations related serva que son pocas las investigaciones relacionadas
to the topics of interest from phenomenological or con las temticas de inters desde las teoras fenome-
critical theories. This could indicate two important nolgicas o crticas. Esto podra indicar dos aspectos
aspects to consider: the first aspect is related to importantes a considerar: el primero, relacionado con
the paradigm with which the professional and el paradigma en el que tradicionalmente se sita el
investigative practice of dentistry is traditionally ejercicio profesional e investigativo de la odontologa,
approached, and, on the other hand, the fact that y, por otro lado, el hecho de que ello es consecuente
this is consistent with the training processes in the con los procesos de formacin en el campo de dicha
field of this profession.13 profesin.13
The content analysis showed that, in ontological En el anlisis de contenido se observ que, en trmi-
terms, the studies are focused on three core nos ontolgicos, las investigaciones profundizaron en
themes: the biological differences between men tres ejes centrales: las diferencias biolgicas entre los
and women, the impact of pregnant womens hombres y las mujeres, el impacto de la salud bucal
oral health on the oral and overall health of their de la embarazada sobre la salud general y oral de su
children, and the relationship between pregnancy, hijo(a), y la relacin entre embarazo, salud bucal y su
oral health and its impact on pregnant womens repercusin sobre la salud general y oral en estas mu-
overall and oral health; however, few studies jeres; sin embargo, pocos exploran los determinantes
explore social determinants. In epistemological sociales. En trminos epistemolgicos, predominaron
terms, studies from the positivist perspective are las investigaciones desde las perspectivas positivistas.
predominant. In methodological terms, research En trminos metodolgicos, enfatizan en la investigacin
is usually conducted with quantitative approaches. con abordajes cuantitativos. Esta manera de construir el
This form of knowledge construction in the field conocimiento en el campo de la salud oral de las muje-
of pregnant womens oral health promotes a res embarazadas promueve una visin fragmentada del
fragmented view of the body and tends to isolate cuerpo y tiende a aislar la boca del contexto social. Los
the mouth of the social context. Researchers on this investigadores en el tema usualmente divulgan el cono-
subject usually disseminate knowledge through cimiento mediante la publicacin de artculos cientficos
the publication of scientific articles that have little que tienen poco impacto sobre la praxis, pues con fre-
impact on praxis, since they usually forget that the cuencia olvidan que el conocimiento que se divulga a
knowledge reported in this form can be read by other travs de este medio podra ser ledo por otros investi-
researchers or improve the authors ranking within gadores o mejorar el ranking de los autores en el marco
the National System of Science and Technology, del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologa, pero quiz
but may not have an impact on the social groups no tiene impacto sobre los grupos sociales que se ven
that are affected by the aspects they discuss.13 afectados por los aspectos analizados.13
In trying to analyze the investigative process Al intentar analizar el proceso investigativo desarrollado
conducted in the present study, it is worth noting en este trabajo, valdra la pena sealar el inters de apro-
the interest to taking full advantage of the scientific vechar al mximo la literatura cientfica que se encontr
literature that was found on the subject, since by sobre el tema, pues al integrar el anlisis bibliomtrico,
integrating bibliometric analysis, systematic review, la revisin sistemtica y el anlisis de contenido de los
and content analysis of the retrieved scientific artculos cientficos obtenidos se alcanz una compren-
papers, the researchers achieved a comprehensive sin integral tanto sobre los procesos investigativos
understanding of both the research processes and como sobre las interacciones entre los investigadores.
the interactions among researchers. This integration Esta integracin permiti adems reconocer tendencias
also allowed to recognize trends and gaps existing y vacos que existen en torno a la temtica del embarazo,
on the topic of pregnancy, oral health, and dental la salud oral y la atencin odontolgica en el contexto
care worldwide, in Latin America and in Colombia. mundial, en Latinoamrica y en Colombia.
Considering the potential limitations of this study, it Al considerar las potenciales limitaciones de este tra-
is worth noting the difficulty to obtain the scientific bajo, es oportuno sealar la dificultad para obtener la
articles in full text; this is the reason why, despite literatura cientfica en texto completo, razn por la cual, a
the efforts to produce a comprehensive overview pesar de los esfuerzos por generar un panorama integral
on the topics of interest, this is still a partial view to en torno a los tpicos de inters, esta sigue siendo una
mirada parcial del fenmeno, ya que en la revisin siste-
the phenomenon, since in the systematic review and
mtica y de anlisis de contenido se excluyeron 131 re-
the content analysis, 131 references were excluded
ferencias que no se encontraron en texto completo y que
because they were not found in full text, and that
podran estar representando un sesgo en los resultados
may represent a bias in the results presented in
que se presentan en esta investigacin. Sin embargo, en
this study. However, the bibliometric analysis el anlisis bibliomtrico se analizaron las 228 publica-
included 228 publications, allowing the evaluation ciones, lo que permite valorar la actividad cientfica y las
of the scientific activity and structures of research estructuras de las redes de investigacin en el campo de
networks in the field of oral health and dental care la salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres
of pregnant women. embarazadas.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONES
Based on the results of this research, the following A manera de conclusin, y con base en los resultados de
conclusions can be drawn: esta investigacin, se evidencia:
According to the bibliometric study, networks Para el estudio bibliomtrico, predominan las redes de
in developed countries are predominant and trabajo en los pases desarrollados y hay una dbil cola-
collaboration in Latin America is weak, so it would boracin a nivel de Latinoamrica, por lo cual sera im-
be important to strengthen networking in this portante fortalecer el trabajo en red de los investigadores
region. On the other hand, concerning the dynamics en esta regin. Por otra parte, en cuanto a la dinmica de
of publication over time, an exponential increase in publicacin en el tiempo, se evidenci el aumento expo-
the number of publications related to the studied nencial en el nmero de publicaciones relacionadas con
las temticas estudiadas.
topics was evident.
In terms of the systematic review, the quality of Para la revisin sistemtica, la calidad de las publicacio-
publications tends to be low, with predominance of nes tiende a ser baja y predominan los estudios observa-
descriptive observational and cross-sectional studies. cionales descriptivos del tipo corte transversal.
The content analysis showed predominance of En el anlisis de contenido se observ el predo-

research in the biological fields and health care areas minio de la investigacin en las reas biolgicas,
from a positivist perspective. This suggests the need asistenciales y desde las perspectivas positivistas.
Con estos fundamentos, se percibe la necesidad
to strengthen the relationship of biological aspects de fortalecer la relacin de lo biolgico con lo social de
and social aspects in oral health and the dental care la salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica de las muje-
provided to pregnant women, considering different res embarazadas, considerando diferentes perspectivas
epistemological perspectives, in order to achieve epistemolgicas, con miras a alcanzar una visin integral
a comprehensive view of oral health and promote de la salud bucal y promover una mejor atencin odonto-
better dental care for pregnant women. lgica de las mujeres embarazadas.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST CONFLICTO DE INTERESES

There is no conflict of interest in the production of No existe ningn conflicto de inters en la realizacin de
this study. este trabajo.
FINANCING FINANCIACIN
COLCIENCIAS, through support to Andrea COLCIENCIAS, mediante el apoyo a Andrea Johanna Al-
Johanna Almario Barrera, as part of the Young mario Barrera, en el marco de la convocatoria de Joven
Researchers call for proposals. Investigador.
Universidad Santo Toms, with its financial support La Universidad Santo Toms, con su apoyo financiero en
to the project on pregnant women and postpartum. el proyecto de mujeres gestantes y en posparto.
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR CORRESPONDENCIA
Andrea Johanna Almario Barrera Andrea Johanna Almario Barrera

Universidad Santo Toms Universidad Santo Toms
(+ 57) 313 460 0566 (+57) 313 460 0566
almita_1613@hotmail.com almita_1613@hotmail.com
Calle 5 N 13-86, Torre 6 Apto 301 Altamira III Etapa Calle 5 N 13-86, Torre 6 Apto 301 Altamira III Etapa
Bucaramanga, Colombia Bucaramanga, Colombia
ANNEXES / ANEXOS
Annex 1. References to the studies included in table 3, on the list of topics, authors, limitations and paradigms that focus on differences between
men and women
Authors Title Publication

Explaining sex differences in dental caries prevalence:
Lukacs JR, Largaespada LL Am J Hum Biol. 2006; 18(4):540-55
saliva, hormones, and life-history etiologies
The Neolithic Demographic Transition and Oral Health: American Journal of Physical Anthropology.
Willis A, Oxenham MF
The Southeast Asian Experience 2013;152(2):197-208
Sinkford JC, Valachovic RW, Harrison SG Womens oral health: The evolving science Journal of Dental Education. 2008;72(2):131-4
Russell SL, Ickovics JR, Yaffee RA Parity & Untreated Dental Caries in US Women Journal of Dental Research. 2010;89(10):1091-6
Konttinen YT, Stegaev V, Mackiewicz Z,
Salivary glands - an unisex organ? Oral Diseases. 2010;16(7):577-85
Porola P, Hanninen A, Szodoray P
Dental Clinics of North America. 2013;57(2):
Niessen LC, Gibson G, Kinnunen TH Womens oral health: why sex and gender matter
181-194
Introduction of Agriculture and Its Effects on Womens American Journal of Human Biology.
Watson JT, Fields M, Martin DL
Oral Health 2010;22(1):92-102
Universidad Federal de Mato Grosso do Soul.
Silva A Saude bucal de gestantes: uma abordagem de genero Mestrado em sade coletiva. Trabajo de
dissertao 2000
Social inequality in health among women in
Senicato C, de Azevedo Barros MB Cad. Sade Pblica; 2012, 28(10):1903-1914
Campinas, So Paulo State, Brazil
Avaliao da erupo dentria decdua em bebs Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Cln. Integr;
Rezende, KMPC, Zllner MSAC, Santos MRN
considerados de risco 2010,10(1):61-65
Anexo 1. Referencias de los trabajos incluidos en de la tabla 3, sobre la relacin de los tpicos, autores, limitaciones y paradigmas que enfatizan en la diferencia entre
los hombres y las mujeres
Autores Ttulo Publicacin

Explaining sex differences in dental caries prevalence:
Lukacs JR, Largaespada LL Am J Hum Biol. 2006; 18(4):540-55
saliva, hormones, and life-history etiologies
The Neolithic Demographic Transition and Oral Health: American Journal of Physical Anthropology.
Willis A, Oxenham MF
The Southeast Asian Experience 2013;152(2):197-208
Sinkford JC, Valachovic RW, Harrison SG Womens oral health: The evolving science Journal of Dental Education. 2008;72(2):131-4
Russell SL, Ickovics JR, Yaffee RA Parity & Untreated Dental Caries in US Women Journal of Dental Research. 2010;89(10):1091-6
Konttinen YT, Stegaev V, Mackiewicz Z,
Salivary glands - an unisex organ? Oral Diseases. 2010;16(7):577-85
Porola P, Hanninen A, Szodoray P
Dental Clinics of North America. 2013;57(2):
Niessen LC, Gibson G, Kinnunen TH Womens oral health: why sex and gender matter
181-194
Introduction of Agriculture and Its Effects on Womens American Journal of Human Biology.
Oral Health 2010;22(1):92-102
Silva A Saude bucal de gestantes: uma abordagem de genero Mestrado em sade coletiva. Trabajo de
dissertao 2000
Social inequality in health among women in
Senicato C, de Azevedo Barros MB Cad. Sade Pblica; 2012, 28(10):1903-1914
Campinas, So Paulo State, Brazil
considerados de risco 2010,10(1):61-65
Annex 2. References to the studies included in table 4, on the list of topics, authors, limitations and paradigms that focus on the impact of oral
and overall health on childrens health
Authors Title Publication

Broughton JR, Maipi JT, Person M, Thomson Reducing disease burden and health inequalities arising
WM, Morgaine KC, Tiakiwai SJ, Kilgour J, from chronic disease among indigenous children: an early BMC Public Health. 2013 Dec 13;13:1177
Berryman K, Lawrence HP, Jamieson LM childhood caries intervention in Aotearoa/New Zealand
Do LG, Scott JA, Thomson WM, Stamm JW, Common risk factor approach to address socioeconomic
BMC Public Health. 2014 May 6;14:429. doi:
Rugg-Gunn AJ, Levy SM, Wong C, Devenish inequality in the oral health of preschool children--a
10.1186/1471-2458-14-429
G, Ha DH, Spencer AJ prospective cohort study
Child advocacy training: curriculum outcomes and resident Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005
Chamberlain LJ, Sanders LM, Takayama JI
satisfaction Sep;159(9):842-7
The Contribution of Dietary Factors to Dental Caries and
Mobley C, Marshall TA, Milgrom P, Coldwell SE Academic Pediatrics. 2009;9(6):410-4
Disparities in Caries
Horowitz H. S., Heifetz S. B Effects of prenatal exposure to fluoridation on dental caries Public Health Reports 1967; 82(4), 297
Introduction of Agriculture and Its Effects on Womens Oral American Journal of Human Biology.
Health 2010;22(1):92-102
Acuna-Gonzalez G, Medina-Solis CE, Family history and socioeconomic risk factors for non-
Maupome G, Escoffie-Ramirez M, Hernandez- syndromic cleft lip and palate: A matched case-control study Biomedica. 2011;31(3):381-91
Romano J, Marquez-Corona ML, et al in a less developed country
Cluster-randomized trial of infant nutrition training for caries
Chaffee BW, Feldens CA, Vtolo MR J Dent Res. 2013 Jul; 92(7 Suppl):29S-36S
prevention
considerados de risco 2010,10(1):61- 65
Dos Santos Junior VE, de Sousa RMB, Oliveira Early childhood caries and its relationship with perinatal,
BMC Oral Health. 2014;14(1)
MC, de Caldas Junior AF, Rosenblatt A socioeconomic and nutritional risks: A cross-sectional study
Rothnie JJ, Walsh CA, Wang MJ, Morgaine An exploratory study of pregnant womens knowledge of
N Z Dent J. 2012;108(4):129-33
KC, Drummond BK child oral health care in New Zealand
When can oral health education begin? Relative effectiveness
Clifford H, Johnson NW, Brown C, Battistutta D Community Dent Health. 2012 Jun;29(2):162-7
of three oral health education strategies starting pre-partum
Anexo 2. Referencias de los trabajos incluidos en la tabla 4, sobre la relacin de los tpicos, autores, limitaciones y paradigmas que enfatizan en el impacto de la salud
general y oral sobre la salud del hijo(a)

Broughton JR, Maipi JT, Person M, Thomson Reducing disease burden and health inequalities arising from
WM, Morgaine KC, Tiakiwai SJ, Kilgour J, chronic disease among indigenous children: an early child- BMC Public Health. 2013 Dec 13;13:1177
Berryman K, Lawrence HP, Jamieson LM hood caries intervention in Aotearoa/New Zealand
Do LG, Scott JA, Thomson WM, Stamm JW, Common risk factor approach to address socioeconomic in-
BMC Public Health. 2014 May 6;14:429. doi:
Rugg-Gunn AJ, Levy SM, Wong C, Devenish equality in the oral health of preschool children--a prospective
10.1186/1471-2458-14-429
G, Ha DH, Spencer AJ cohort study
Child advocacy training: curriculum outcomes and resident Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005
Chamberlain LJ, Sanders LM, Takayama JI
satisfaction Sep;159(9):842-7
The Contribution of Dietary Factors to Dental Caries and
Mobley C, Marshall TA, Milgrom P, Coldwell SE Academic Pediatrics. 2009;9(6):410-4
Disparities in Caries
Horowitz H. S., Heifetz S. B Effects of prenatal exposure to fluoridation on dental caries Public Health Reports 1967; 82(4), 297
Introduction of Agriculture and Its Effects on Womens Oral American Journal of Human Biology.
Health 2010;22(1):92-102
Acuna-Gonzalez G, Medina-Solis CE, Maupo- Family history and socioeconomic risk factors for non-syn-
me G, Escoffie-Ramirez M, Hernandez-Roma- dromic cleft lip and palate: A matched case-control study in a Biomedica. 2011;31(3):381-91
no J, Marquez-Corona ML, et al less developed country
Cluster-randomized trial of infant nutrition training for caries
Chaffee BW, Feldens CA, Vtolo MR J Dent Res. 2013 Jul; 92(7 Suppl):29S-36S
prevention
Avaliao da erupo dentria decdua em bebs considera- Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Cln. Integr;
dos de risco 2010,10(1):61- 65
Dos Santos Junior VE, de Sousa RMB, Oliveira Early childhood caries and its relationship with perinatal,
BMC Oral Health. 2014;14(1)
MC, de Caldas Junior AF, Rosenblatt A socioeconomic and nutritional risks: A cross-sectional study
Rothnie JJ, Walsh CA, Wang MJ, Morgaine An exploratory study of pregnant womens knowledge of
N Z Dent J. 2012;108(4):129-33
KC, Drummond BK child oral health care in New Zealand
When can oral health education begin? Relative effectiveness
Clifford H, Johnson NW, Brown C, Battistutta D Community Dent Health. 2012 Jun;29(2):162-7
of three oral health education strategies starting pre-partum
Annex 3. References to the studies included in table 5 on the list of topics, authors, limitations and paradigms that focus on the biological and
social aspects of oral health and dental care provided to pregnant women

Self-rated health among pregnant women: associa-
Christian LM, Iams J, Porter K, Leblebicioglu Btions with objective health indicators, psychological Ann Behav Med. 2013 Dec;46(3):295-309
functioning, and serum inflammatory markers
Oral health status during pregnancy: rural-urban
Karunachandra NN, Perera IR, Fernando G comparisons of oral disease burden among antena- Rural Remote Health. 2012;12:1902
tal women in Sri Lanka
Rodrguez Lezcano A, Len Valle M, Arada Otero A, Factores de riesgo y enfermedades bucales en
Rev Ciencias Mdicas. 2013;17(5): 51-63
Martnez Ramos M gestantes
Oral health care considerations for the pregnant
Nayak A. G., Denny C.,Veena KM Dent update. 2012 jan-feb; 39(1):51-53
woman
Boggess KA, Urlaub DM, Moos M-K, Polinkovsky Knowledge and beliefs regarding oral health among Journal of the American Dental Association.
M, El-Khorazaty J, Lorenz C pregnant women 2011;142(11):1275-82
Jamieson LM, Parker EJ, Roberts-Thomson KF, Self-efficacy and self-rated oral health among BMC Oral Health. 2014 Apr 2;14:29. doi:
Lawrence HP, Broughton J pregnant aboriginal Australian women 10.1186/1472-6831-14-29
Abiola A, Olayinka A, Mathilda B, Ogunbiyi O, A survey of the oral health knowledge and practices
Afr J Reprod Health. 2011 Dec;15(4):14-9
Modupe S, Olubunmi O of pregnant women in a Nigerian teaching hospital
Self-reported oral health care and access to oral
Claas BM, Ellison-Loschmann L, Jeffreys M health information among pregnant women in N Z Med J. 2011 Jul 29;124(1339):37-50
Wellington, New Zealand
Salud oral en embarazadas: conocimientos y
Gabero I, Delgado AM, Benito de Cardenas IL Acta Odontol Venez 2005;43(2):135-140
actitudes
Nivel de conocimiento sobre prevencin de salud
Crdova JA, Bulnes RM bucal en gestantes. Hospital de la mujer Villahermo- Horizonte Sanitario 2007;6(2):18-25
sa, Tabasco 2007
Seleccin de los criterios que identifican las prc-
Claro LA, Sarmiento A, Riveros CM, Concha SC ticas y creencias relacionadas con la salud oral en Ustasalud; 2009; 8(1):25-36
mujeres gestantes
Representaciones sociales del proceso de salud
Escobar Paucar G. Sosa Palacios C. Burgos Gil LM enfermedad bucal en madres gestantes de Medelln, Salud Pblica de Mxico. 2010; 52(1):46-51
Colombia
Respeto a la autonoma de mujeres gestantes en Tesis para optar por el ttulo de Doctora en
Urrea FC
salud dialogo biotica-gnero Biotica, Universidad El Bosque
Association of Self Perceived Oral Health on Oral
Sourabha K.G., Manjunath P. Puranik, Sowmya
Health Related Quality of Life among Pregnant and IJHSR. 2014; 4(4): 120-127
K.R, Puttaswamy B, Ashwini Biradar
Non Pregnant Women in Bangalore City
The relationship between dental anxiety and dental
Esa R, Savithri V, Humphris G, Freeman R Eur J Oral Sci. 2010 Feb;118(1):59-65
decay experience in antenatal mothers
Alves RT, Ribeiro RA, Costa LR, Leles CR, Freire Oral care during pregnancy: attitudes of Brazilian Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Sep
Mdo C, Paiva SM public health professionals 28;9(10):3454-64
Prenatal dental care: evaluation of professional
J Appl Oral Sci. 2008 May-
Zanata RL, Fernandes KB, Navarro PS knowledge of obstetricians and dentists in the cities
Jun;16(3):194-200
of Londrina/PR and Bauru/SP, Brazil, 2004
Multilevel factors associated with dentists counse-
Chi DL., Milgrom P, Carle AC, Colleen E. Huebner
ling of pregnant women about periodontal health. Special Care in Dentistry. 34(1): 26
CE, Mancl LA
2014
Patil SN., Kalburgi NB., Koregol AC., Warad SB., Female sex hormones and periodontal health-aware- The Saudi Dental Journal. 2012. 24(2),
Patil S.,Ugale, MS ness among gynecologistsA questionnaire survey 99-104
Why dentists should take a greater interest in sex British Dental Journal (2010). 209(7), 335-
Doyal L, Naidoo S
and gender 337
Dental cleaning before and during pregnancy among
Thompson TA, Cheng D, Strobino D Matern Child Health J. 2013 Jan;17(1):110-8
Maryland mothers
Individualized Oral Health Education Improves Oral
Geisinger ML, Robinson M, Kaur M, Gerlach RW,
Hygiene Compliance and Clinical Outcomes in Oral Hyg Health. 2013; 1:111
Griffin R, et al
Pregnant Women with Gingivitis
Harmonious functional and aesthetic correction of
Kaushal S., Kumar A, Azmatullah M., Gupta S, BMJ Case Reports, 2013-jun,
severe localised pregnancy-induced gingival enlar-
Singh RK bcr2013010125
gement associated with capillary haemangioma

The influence of general health and socio-cultural
Machuca G, Khoshfeiz O, Lacalle JR, Machuca C, Journal of Periodontology, 1999. 70(7),
variables on the periodontal condition of pregnant
Bulln, P 779-785
women
An Examination of Periodontal Treatment, Dental
Albert DA, Begg MD, Andrews HF, Williams SZ, American Journal of Public Health.
Care, and Pregnancy Outcomes in an Insured
Ward A, Conicella ML, et al 2011;101(1):151-6
Population in the United States
Recruiting and retaining pregnant women from a
Ramos-Gomez F, Chung LH, Beristain RG, Santo
community health center at the US-Mexico border Clinical Trials. 2008;5(4):336-46
W, Jue B, Weintraub J et al
for the Mothers and Youth Access clinical trial
Oral Health Conditions and Dental Visits Among
Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women of Childbea-
Azofeifa A, Yeung LF, Alverson CJ, Beltrn-Aguilar E Prev Chronic Dis 2014;11:1-10
ring Age in the United States, National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey, 19992004
Impacto social de los programas de salud oral en Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.
Ayala de la Vega GR mujeres gestantes de Centro de Salud Carmen de la Tesis de grado. Magster en Estomatologa
Legua Reynoso-Callao 2001 Lima, Per, 2004
Factors associated with dental visit and barriers
to utilisation of oral health care service in a simple
Saddki N, Yusoff A, Hwang YL Biomed Central, 2010; 10:75
of neonatal mothers in Hospital University Sains
Malaysia
Snchez Martnez, R; Cadenas Freixas, JL y de la Factores que limitan el acceso de las embarazadas
Rev. Med. Electrn. 2011;33 (5):
Torre Menndez, L al tratamiento estomatolgico
Most Pregnant Women in California Do Not Receive
Marchi KS, Fisher-Owens SA, Weintraub JA, Yu Z,
Dental Care: Findings from a Population-Based Public Health Reports. 2010;125(6):831-42
Braveman PA
Study
Oral health related quality of life in pregnant and
Lamarca GA, Leal MC, Leao AT, Sheiham A, post-partum women in two social network domains; Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2012 Jan
Vettore MV predominantly home-based and work-based 13;10:5. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-10-5
networks
The different roles of neighbourhood and individual
Lamarca GA, Leal MC, Leao AT, Sheiham A, social capital on oral health-related quality of life Community Dentistry & Oral Epidemiology,
Vettore MV during pregnancy and postpartum: a multilevel 2014; 42(2): 139-142
analysis
Socioeconomic determinants of dental care during
Corchuelo-Ojeda J, Prez GJ Cad Saude Publica. 2014;(10):2209-18
pregnancy in Cali, Colombia
Determinants of periodontal health in pregnant wo-
Wandera M, Astrom An, Okullo I, Tumwine men and association with infants anthropometric BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2012; 12:90
status: a prospective cohort from Eastern Uganda
Self-reported racism and experience of toothache
Ben J, Paradies Y, Priest N, Parker EJ, Ro- among pregnant Aboriginal Australians: the role Journal of Public Health Dentistry,
berts-Thomson KF, Lawrence HP, et al of perceived stress, sense of control, and social 2014;74(4):301-9
support
Oral health and other characteristics of pregnant
Jamieson LM, Univ A Aboriginal women compared with general popula- Australian Dental Journal, 2013;58(1):120-4
tion estimates
El proceso salud-enfermedad-atencin bucal de la
Concha-Snchez SC gestante: una visin de las mujeres con base en la Rev.Fac.Med., 2013, 61(3):275-291
determinacin social de la salud
Saude bucal de gestantes: uma abordagem de
Silva A Mestrado em sade coletiva. Trabajo de
genero.
dissertao 2000
Xiong X, Buekens P, Fraser WD, J Beck J, Offen- Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outco-
BJOG 2006; 113:135-143
bacher S mes: a systematic review
Contreras A, Herrera JA, Soto JE, Arce RM, Jara- Periodontitis is associated with preeclampsia in
J. Periodontol, 2006 Feb;77(2):182-8)
millo A, Botero JE pregnant women
Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Adverse
Scannapieco FA, Bush RB, Paju S Annals of Periodontology. 2003, 8, (1):70-78
Pregnancy Outcomes. A Systematic Review
Maternal periodontal status and preterm delivery: a
Baskaradoss JK, Geevarghese A, Rutty VR J Periodont. 2011; 46(5):542-9
hospital based case-control study
Anexo 3. Referencias de los trabajos incluidos en la tabla 5 sobre la relacin de los tpicos, autores, limitaciones y paradigmas que enfatizan en los aspectos biolgicos
y sociales de la salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas

Self-rated health among pregnant women:
associations with objective health indicators,
Christian LM, Iams J, Porter K, Leblebicioglu B Ann Behav Med. 2013 Dec;46(3):295-309
psychological functioning, and serum inflammatory
markers
Oral health status during pregnancy: rural-urban
Karunachandra NN, Perera IR, Fernando G comparisons of oral disease burden among Rural Remote Health. 2012;12:1902
antenatal women in Sri Lanka
Rodrguez Lezcano A, Len Valle M, Arada Otero A, Factores de riesgo y enfermedades bucales en
Rev Ciencias Mdicas. 2013;17(5): 51-63
Martnez Ramos M gestantes
Oral health care considerations for the pregnant
Nayak A. G., Denny C.,Veena KM Dent update. 2012 jan-feb; 39(1):51-53
woman
Boggess KA, Urlaub DM, Moos M-K, Polinkovsky Knowledge and beliefs regarding oral health among Journal of the American Dental Association.
M, El-Khorazaty J, Lorenz C pregnant women 2011;142(11):1275-82
Jamieson LM, Parker EJ, Roberts-Thomson KF, Self-efficacy and self-rated oral health among BMC Oral Health. 2014 Apr 2;14:29. doi:
Lawrence HP, Broughton J pregnant aboriginal Australian women 10.1186/1472-6831-14-29
Abiola A, Olayinka A, Mathilda B, Ogunbiyi O, A survey of the oral health knowledge and practices
Afr J Reprod Health. 2011 Dec;15(4):14-9
Modupe S, Olubunmi O of pregnant women in a Nigerian teaching hospital
Self-reported oral health care and access to oral
Claas BM, Ellison-Loschmann L, Jeffreys M health information among pregnant women in N Z Med J. 2011 Jul 29;124(1339):37-50
Wellington, New Zealand
Salud oral en embarazadas: conocimientos y
Gabero I, Delgado AM, Benito de Cardenas IL Acta Odontol Venez 2005;43(2):135-140
actitudes
Nivel de conocimiento sobre prevencin de
Crdova JA, Bulnes RM salud bucal en gestantes. Hospital de la mujer Horizonte Sanitario 2007;6(2):18-25
Villahermosa, Tabasco 2007
Seleccin de los criterios que identifican las
Claro LA, Sarmiento A, Riveros CM, Concha SC prcticas y creencias relacionadas con la salud oral Ustasalud; 2009; 8(1):25-36
en mujeres gestantes
Representaciones sociales del proceso de salud
Escobar Paucar G. Sosa Palacios C. Burgos Gil LM enfermedad bucal en madres gestantes de Medelln, Salud Pblica de Mxico. 2010; 52(1):46-51
Colombia
Respeto a la autonoma de mujeres gestantes en Tesis para optar por el ttulo de Doctora en
Urrea FC
salud dialogo biotica-gnero Biotica, Universidad El Bosque
Association of Self Perceived Oral Health on Oral
Sourabha K.G., Manjunath P. Puranik, Sowmya
Health Related Quality of Life among Pregnant and IJHSR. 2014; 4(4): 120-127
K.R, Puttaswamy B, Ashwini Biradar
Non Pregnant Women in Bangalore City
The relationship between dental anxiety and dental
Esa R, Savithri V, Humphris G, Freeman R Eur J Oral Sci. 2010 Feb;118(1):59-65
decay experience in antenatal mothers
Alves RT, Ribeiro RA, Costa LR, Leles CR, Freire Oral care during pregnancy: attitudes of Brazilian Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Sep
Mdo C, Paiva SM public health professionals 28;9(10):3454-64
Prenatal dental care: evaluation of professional
J Appl Oral Sci. 2008 May-
Zanata RL, Fernandes KB, Navarro PS knowledge of obstetricians and dentists in the cities
Jun;16(3):194-200
of Londrina/PR and Bauru/SP, Brazil, 2004
Multilevel factors associated with dentists
Chi DL., Milgrom P, Carle AC, Colleen E. Huebner Special Care in Dentistry. 34(1): 26
counseling of pregnant women about periodontal
CE, Mancl LA
health. 2014
Female sex hormones and periodontal health-
Patil SN., Kalburgi NB., Koregol AC., Warad SB., The Saudi Dental Journal. 2012. 24(2),
awareness among gynecologistsA questionnaire
Patil S.,Ugale, MS 99-104
survey
Why dentists should take a greater interest in sex British Dental Journal (2010). 209(7), 335-
Doyal L, Naidoo S
and gender 337
Dental cleaning before and during pregnancy among
Thompson TA, Cheng D, Strobino D Matern Child Health J. 2013 Jan;17(1):110-8
Maryland mothers
Individualized Oral Health Education Improves Oral
Geisinger ML, Robinson M, Kaur M, Gerlach RW,
Hygiene Compliance and Clinical Outcomes in Oral Hyg Health. 2013; 1:111
Griffin R, et al
Pregnant Women with Gingivitis

Harmonious functional and aesthetic correction
Kaushal S., Kumar A, Azmatullah M., Gupta S, BMJ Case Reports, 2013-jun,
of severe localised pregnancy-induced gingival
Singh RK bcr2013010125
enlargement associated with capillary haemangioma
The influence of general health and socio-cultural
Machuca G, Khoshfeiz O, Lacalle JR, Machuca C, Journal of Periodontology, 1999. 70(7),
variables on the periodontal condition of pregnant
Bulln, P 779-785
women
An Examination of Periodontal Treatment, Dental
Albert DA, Begg MD, Andrews HF, Williams SZ, American Journal of Public Health.
Care, and Pregnancy Outcomes in an Insured
Ward A, Conicella ML, et al 2011;101(1):151-6
Population in the United States
Recruiting and retaining pregnant women from a
Ramos-Gomez F, Chung LH, Beristain RG, Santo
community health center at the US-Mexico border Clinical Trials. 2008;5(4):336-46
W, Jue B, Weintraub J et al
for the Mothers and Youth Access clinical trial
Oral Health Conditions and Dental Visits Among
Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women of Childbearing
Azofeifa A, Yeung LF, Alverson CJ, Beltrn-Aguilar E Prev Chronic Dis 2014;11:1-10
Age in the United States, National Health and
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ORAL HEALTH AND DENTAL CARE IN PREGNANT WOMEN: BIBLIOMETRIC

STUDY, SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, AND CONTENT ANALYSIS

OR collective health OR social network collective health OR social network OR social

3. (social determinants of health OR multilevel 3. (social determinants of health OR multilevel

4. (social determinants of health OR multilevel 4. (social determinants of health OR multilevel analy-

Eligibility of articles was then confirmed. To do Posteriormente se procedi a verificar la elegibilidad de

Characterization of the process of Caracterizacin del proceso de bsqueda y

bibliography search and selection seleccin de la bibliografa

Web of Science and PubMed=31

n=274 Discarded articles (due to

Selected articles for data

Artculos Artculos Artculos

Web of Science y PubMed=31

Artculos seleccionados para

From the bibliometric analysis Del anlisis bibliomtrico

The purpose of a bibliometric analysis is to El propsito del anlisis bibliomtrico es caracterizar

* Dual affiliation declared in an article.

licencia acadmica 9.0 por suscripcin, Search Technology Inc.)

* Se declara afiliacin doble en un artculo.

Frequency of publication by countries of Frecuencia de publicacin por pases de

affiliation, institutions, and authors afiliacin, instituciones y autores

Figure 2A. International co-authorship by country of affiliation

Figura 2A. Coautora internacional por pases de afiliacin

Figura 2B. Colaboracin entre instituciones mayoritarias en el corpus de textos

Figure 2. Co-authorship among Latin American institutions

Figura 2C. Coautora entre instituciones latinoamericanas

International co-authorship Coautora internacional

The strongest cluster of institutions in terms of El clster de instituciones ms fuerte en cuanto a

From the systematic review De la revisin sistemtica

type tipo de estudio

68,0 70,0 68,0

Years 1960s-1990s 2000-2009 2010-2014 aos 60 a 90 2000-2009 2010-2014

Absolute Relative Frecuencia Frecuencia

From the content analysis Del anlisis de contenido

Topics Authors* Limitations Paradigm

Tpicos Autores* Limitaciones Paradigma

Topics Authors* Limitations Paradigm

Tpicos Autores* Limitaciones Paradigma

Topics Authors* Limitations Paradigm

de las mujeres embarazadas

Tpicos Autores* Limitaciones Paradigma

The content analysis showed predominance of En el anlisis de contenido se observ el predo-

CONFLICT OF INTEREST CONFLICTO DE INTERESES

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR CORRESPONDENCIA

Andrea Johanna Almario Barrera Andrea Johanna Almario Barrera

Authors Title Publication

los hombres y las mujeres

Autores Ttulo Publicacin

Authors Title Publication

general y oral sobre la salud del hijo(a)

Autores Ttulo Publicacin

Autores Ttulo Publicacin

Autores Ttulo Publicacin

y sociales de la salud bucal y la atencin odontolgica de las mujeres embarazadas

Autores Ttulo Publicacin

Autores Ttulo Publicacin

1. Blzquez-Rodrguez MI Aproximacin a la antropologa 7. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gtzsche

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