Você está na página 1de 2

2.0 Methods and Materials approaches.

The ideal offset formula is as


below;
2.1 Methodology
Tideal = (L/S)- (Qh + Loss1)
First step is desk study where this
is can help to formulate investigation work Where Q is the number of vehicles queued
and targeting specific areas of signalized per lane in unit vehicle, H is the discharge
junctions. Next will the site visit or site had way of queue vehicle in unit second
appraisal where the selected area has per vehicle, L is the distance between
been identified and will be studied in order intersection in unit meter, S is the speed
to get more information to evaluate the in unit m/s and Loss1 is the total loss time
actual site problems. During the site visit, associated with vehicles starting from rest
preliminary data was taken such as at the first downstream signal.
number of lanes, distances between
The last step is developing a traffic
intersection, phasing sequences, signal
control system where comparing with a
timing and traffic volume.
suitable cycle time and offset time for
Based on A. Vitetta et al. (2003), regulating travel speed and determine the
the method proposed by Webster (1958) solution for upgrading the existing traffic
and Webster and Cobbe (1966) where it is control system would optimize the traffic
based on the representative stream on flow at selected area.
identifying during each stage which
constitutes the cycle, according to the
ratio of arrival flow to the saturation of
flow. The cycle time is given from a
formula deriving from the minimization of
global junction delay. The webster formula
is given as below (Webster & Cobbe,
1996);

Co = 1.5L + 5/ (1 - Y)

Where Co is the optimum cycle time in


second, L is the lost time in one cycle
which includes all red time and start up
delay and Y is the summation of critical
flow ratio with saturation flows at
Figure 2.1.1: Simplified Methodology
2.2 Materials

Stopwatch, pen, paper.

References

Webster, F. V. (1958). Traffic signal


settings. Road Research Technical Paper
39. London: HMSO.

Webster F. V., Cobbe B. M. (1996).


Technical Paper 56: Traffic Signals.
Vitetta. A. et al., (2003). Signal setting in
an isolated junction: Before and after
experiment. Association for Europeon
Transport.

Você também pode gostar