EIA Report

4 - EIA REPORT
MAHARASHTRA STATE ROAD DEVELOPMENT

CORPORATION LIMITED
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

&
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata

Highway from Chainage 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza to Gove Toll
Plaza) and Construction of Six lanes road in between 0/000 to 4/500
and 18/500 to 21/000 in the State of Maharashtra under DBFOT
JUNE- 2017
in
Consortium
AECOM Asia Company Ltd. with Consulting Engineers Group Ltd.
ABBREVIATIONS
AAQ - Ambient Air Quality

AADT - Annual Average Daily Traffic
ADT - Average Daily Traffic
AIDS - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AL - Axle Load
BBD - Benkelman Beam Deflection
BIS - Bureau of Indian Standard
BOD - Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand
BC - Bituminous Concrete
BM - Bituminous Macadam
BPL - Below Poverty Line
BSR - Basic Schedule of Rates
CCEA - Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
CD - Crossing Drainage
COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand
CRZ - Coastal Regulation Zone
CMU - Corridor Management Unit
COI - Corridor of Impact
CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board
CPR - Common Property Resources
CUP - Cattle Under Pass
CVC - Classified Volume Count
DBM - Dense Bituminous Macadam
DO - Dissolved Oxygen
DLC - Dry Lean Concrete
EAC - Expert Appraisal Committee
EALF - Equivalent Axle Load Factor
EC - Environment Clearance
EA - Environmental Assessment
EIA - Environment Impact Assessment
SEIAA - State Environnental Impact Assessment Authority
EMP - Environment Management Plan
EO - Environnemental Officer
EP - Entitled Persons
GAD - General Arrangement Drawing
GC - General Condition
GDP - Gross Domestic Product
GRC - Grievance Redreassal Committee
GSB - Granular Sub-Base
HMP - Hot Mix Plant
HFL - High Flood Level
IMD - India Meteorological Department
IRC - Indian Road Congress
IRQP - Improvement Riding Quality Program
LHS - Left Hand Side
LVUP - Light Vehicular Under Pass
MoEF - Ministry of Environment & Forest
M/oRT&H - Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
MSRDC - Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd
NGO - Non-Government Organization
NH - National Highway
NHA - National Highways Act
NHAI - National Highway Authority of India
NHDP - National Highways Development Project
NOC - No Objection Certificates
NRRP - National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy, 2007
PAHs - Project Affected Households
PAPs - Project Affected Persons
PCU - Passenger Car Unit
PDPs - Project Displaced Persons
PIA - Project Influence Area
PIU - Project Implementation Unit
PUC - Pollution Under Control Certificate
PUP - Pedestrian Under Pass
PM - Particulate Matter
PWD - Public Work Department
QAP - Quality Assurance Plan
R&R - Resettlement and Rehabilitation
RAP - Resettlement Action Plan
RHS - Right Hand Side
ROB - Railway over Bridge
ROW - Right of Way
RUB - Railway under Bridge
SC - Supervision Consultant
SES - Socio-Economic Survey
SPCB - State Pollution Control Board
SIA - Social Impact Assessment
SOI - Survey of India
TCS - Typical Cross Section
TOR - Term of Reference
WMM - Wet Mix Macadam
TABLE OF CONTENT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 1

ES.1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 1
ES.2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................ 1
ES.3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................... 2
ES.4. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................... 3
ES.5. ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATIONS .............. 5
ES.6. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT............................................................................................... 6
ES.7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGREMMES .............................................................. 6
ES.8. SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ADDITIONAL STUDIES ...................................................... 7
ES.9. PROJECT BENEFITS ................................................................................................................... 7
ES.10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ................................................................ 7
ES.11. ENVIRONMENT BUDGET ......................................................................................................... 8
ES.12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................ 8
CHAPTER 1 ............................................................................................................................... 1-1
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT & PROJECT ROAD ......................................... 1-1
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT ROAD ................................................................................... 1-4
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY ............................................................................................... 1-4
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY .................................................................................................................. 1-5
1.6 PRESENT STATUS OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................... 1-7
1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT ............................................................................................. 1-9
CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................................................... 2-1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2. LOCATION AND BROADER DETAILS OF THE PROJECT ................................................... 2-1
2.2.1 Right of Way (ROW) ................................................................................................................ 2-6
2.2.2 Bridge and culverts ................................................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.3 ROBs ........................................................................................................................................ 2-8
2.2.4 Toll Plaza ................................................................................................................................. 2-8
2.2.5 JUNCTIONS & INTERSECTIONS ................................................................................................ 2-9
2.2.6 WAYSIDE AMENITIES............................................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.7 UTILITIES/HT LINE.................................................................................................................. 2-10
2.2.8 Geography and Terrain of the Project Stretch ...................................................................... 2-10
2.2.9 Land Use Pattern ................................................................................................................... 2-10
2.2.10 Natural Resources Protected Areas ...................................................................................... 2-11
2.2.11 Traffic .................................................................................................................................... 2-11
2.2.12 Proposed Right-of-Way (ROW) ............................................................................................. 2-15
2.2.13 Carriageway Width................................................................................................................ 2-15
2.2.14 Trees along the Road ............................................................................................................ 2-15
2.2.15 Proposed Development ........................................................................................................ 2-16
2.2.16 Natural Resources ................................................................................................................. 2-18
2.2.17 Power Requirement .............................................................................................................. 2-20
2.2.18 Manpower Requirement....................................................................................................... 2-20
2.2.19 Project cost ........................................................................................................................... 2-21
2.2.20 Project Schedule ................................................................................................................... 2-21
CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................... 3-1
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES .......................................................................................... 3-1
3.1. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2. WITH AND WITHOUT PROJECT SCENARIO .......................................................................... 3-1
3.2.1. Without Project Scenario ........................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2.2. With Project Scenario ............................................................................................................. 3-1
3.3. ALIGNMENT IMPROVEMENT ALTERNATIVES .................................................................... 3-4
3.4. BYPASS ALTERNATIVE ............................................................................................................. 3-4
3.5. ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION ................................................................... 3-4
CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................................................... 4-1
DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ............................................................... 4-1
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 4-1
4.2 Environmental Impact Assessment Methodology ............................................................................. 4-1
4.3 Direct Influence Area ......................................................................................................................... 4-3
4.4 Physical Environment ........................................................................................................................ 4-5
4.4.1 Topography ............................................................................................................................. 4-6
4.4.2 Geology ................................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.3 Soil Quality of Project Influence Area .................................................................................... 4-7
4.5 Hydrology of River Basin and Drainage Pattern ............................................................................. 4-11
4.5.1 Ground Water........................................................................................................................ 4-11
4.6 Meteorology ..................................................................................................................................... 4-15
4.6.1 Temperature .......................................................................................................................... 4-15
4.6.2 Relative Humidity ................................................................................................................. 4-15
4.6.3 Rainfall in project Districts ................................................................................................... 4-15
4.6.4 Wind Speed ........................................................................................................................... 4-16
4.7 Ambient Air Quality of the Project Influence Area ......................................................................... 4-16
4.8 Noise ................................................................................................................................................ 4-19
4.9 Biological Environment ................................................................................................................... 4-21
4.9.1 Forest..................................................................................................................................... 4-21
4.9.2 Flora ...................................................................................................................................... 4-21
4.9.3 Trees along the Road............................................................................................................. 4-22
4.9.4 Fauna ..................................................................................................................................... 4-23
4.10 Socio-Economic Details of the area .............................................................................................. 4-24
4.10.1 Educational Institutes ............................................................................................................ 4-24
4.10.2 Archaeological Protected Monuments .................................................................................. 4-24
4.10.3 Demographic Profile ............................................................................................................. 4-24
CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................................................... 5-1
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES
.......................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Basic Approach .................................................................................................................................. 5-1
5.3 IMPACTS UPON ON ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................... 5-3
5.4 Mitigation And Enhancement Measures ............................................................................................ 5-7
CHAPTER 6 ............................................................................................................................... 6-1
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM .............................................................. 6-1
6.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2. Objectives ....................................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.3. Guidelines For Environmental Monitoring ..................................................................................... 6-1
6.4. Responsibilities for Monitoring ...................................................................................................... 6-2
6.5. Performance Indicators ................................................................................................................... 6-2
6.6. Routine Monitoring ......................................................................................................................... 6-2
6.6.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) ............................................................................ 6-3
6.6.2 Water Quality Monitoring ....................................................................................................... 6-3
6.6.3 Noise Quality Monitoring ....................................................................................................... 6-4
6.7. Environmental Monitoring Plan...................................................................................................... 6-4
6.8. Reporting Procedures ...................................................................................................................... 6-4
6.9. Preparing EMP Monthly Progress Reports ..................................................................................... 6-4
6.10. Reporting By IC EMP Quarterly Progress Reports ................................................................. 6-5
CHAPTER 7 ............................................................................................................................... 7-1
SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ADDITIONAL STUDIES ................................................ 7-1
7.1 ROAD SAFETY & TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ............................................................................. 7-1
7.1.1 Site Safety Rules and Regulations ........................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.2 Traffic Safety Plan ................................................................................................................... 7-2
7.1.3 Traffic safety measures and control: ...................................................................................... 7-3
7.1.4 Traffic Control Devices ............................................................................................................ 7-4
7.1.5 Safety and Management Practices ....................................................................................... 7-10
7.1.6 Closure for work on one side carriageway of a four/six- lane divided carriageway ............. 7-10
7.1.7 Safety measures during concession period .......................................................................... 7-11
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................... 7-11
7.2.1 General .................................................................................................................................. 7-11
7.2.2 Risk assessment .................................................................................................................... 7-12
7.2.3 Disaster management plan ................................................................................................... 7-12
7.2.4 Elements of disaster management ....................................................................................... 7-12
7.2.5 Preparedness ........................................................................................................................ 7-13
7.2.6 Recovery and Response ........................................................................................................ 7-14
7.2.7 Role of Doctors...................................................................................................................... 7-14
7.2.8 Role of public ........................................................................................................................ 7-14
7.3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ........................................................................................................... 7-15
7.3.1 Objectives of consultations ....................................................................................................... 7-15
7.3.2 Methodology adopted for consultations .................................................................................... 7-16
7.3.2.1 Identification of Stakeholders ............................................................................................... 7-16
7.3.2.2 Stages and Levels of Consultation......................................................................................... 7-16
7.3.3 The Consultation Process Adopted in the Project Area ............................................................ 7-17
7.3.4 Consultation during Project Preparation ................................................................................... 7-18
7.3.4.1 Consultation with Government Officials............................................................................... 7-18
7.3.5 Consultation and Participation of Potentially Affected Persons ............................................... 7-18
7.4 PUBLIC HEARING ........................................................................................................................ 7-18
CHAPTER 8 ............................................................................................................................... 8-1
PROJECT BENEFITS .............................................................................................................. 8-1
8.1 GENERAL ......................................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 Tourism Development .................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.3 Economic Development .................................................................................................................. 8-1
8.4 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY......................................................................................................... 8-1
8.5 REDUCTIONS IN ACCIDENTS, MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY ........................................................... 8-2
8.6 REDUCTIONS IN OPERATION COST ................................................................................................. 8-2
8.7 INDIRECT BENEFITS ......................................................................................................................... 8-2
CHAPTER 9 ............................................................................................................................... 9-1
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN............................................................................ 9-1
9.1 ENVIRONNEMENTAL MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................... 9-1
9.2 OBJECTIVES OF EMP..................................................................................................................... 9-1
9.2.1 Pre-Construction Stage ........................................................................................................... 9-2
9.2.2 Construction Stage .................................................................................................................. 9-2
9.2.3 Operation Stage ....................................................................................................................... 9-3
9.3 OBJECTIVES AND GENERAL GUIDELINES .............................................................................. 9-3
9.3.1 Species Suggested for Plantation ............................................................................................ 9-4
9.3.2 Plantation Strategy .................................................................................................................. 9-4
9.3.3 Technical Specification for Plantation .................................................................................... 9-5
9.3.4 Protection Measures ................................................................................................................ 9-6
9.3.5 Turfing of Side Slopes of Road Embankments with Grasses ................................................. 9-7
9.4 PREPARING PLANS TO OPERATIONALIZE / IMPLEMENT THE EMP .................................. 9-7
9.5 BORROW AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN ..................................................................................... 9-7
9.6 CONSTRUCTION CAMP & WORKFORCE MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................... 9-8
9.7 WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................................................... 9-9
9.8 SPOIL & SCARIFIED DISPOSAL PLAN ..................................................................................... 9-10
9.9 QUARRY MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................................................... 9-10
9.10 PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN ................................................................................... 9-13
9.10.1 Objectives and General Guidelines ....................................................................................... 9-14
CHAPTER 10 ........................................................................................................................... 10-1
ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET ............................................................................................. 10-1
10.1. GENERAL ................................................................................................................................ 10-1
10.2. CONSTRUCTION RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION COSTS ....................... 10-2
List of Tables
Table 1.1: Scope of Environmental Analysis, Design and EMP ....................................................................... 1-6
Table 2.1: Exiting ROW.................................................................................................................................... 2-6
Table 2.2: Existing Major and Minor bridges .................................................................................................. 2-6
Table 2.3: Existing ROBs .................................................................................................................................. 2-8
Table 2.4: Average Daily Traffic (ADT) .......................................................................................................... 2-11
Table 2.5: Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) .......................................................................................... 2-12
Table 2.6: Projected Normal Traffic in AADT (PCU)-Most Likely Growth Scenario ...................................... 2-13
Table 2.7: Trees along the Road .................................................................................................................. 2-15
Table 2.8: Salient Features of the Project ..................................................................................................... 2-17
Table 2.9: Requirement of water for proposed construction works .......................................................... 2-20
Table 2.10: Manpower required in Construction Phase ............................................................................. 2-21
Table 2.11: Manpower required in Operation Phase ................................................................................. 2-21
Table 3.1: With and Without Project Scenarios ....................................................................................... 3-2
Table 4.1: Locations and Analysis of the Soil Sample ..................................................................................... 4-7
Table 4.2: Physico - Chemical Properties of the Soil Samples ...................................................................... 4-7
Table 4.3: Land Use Pattern in the influenced area .................................................................................. 4-9
Table 4.4: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Locations ....................................................................... 4-12
Table 4.5: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Locations........................................................................ 4-12
Table 4.6: Monitoring Results of Ground Water quality of the study area .......................................... 4-12
Table 4.7: Monitoring Results of Surface Water quality of the study area ........................................... 4-13
Table 4.8: Average Monthly Maximum and Minimum Data ................................................................. 4-15
Table 4.9: Mean Wind speed and Direction of Project Area .................................................................. 4-16
Table 4.10: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ........................................................ 4-16
Table 4.11: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Result......................................................... 4-17
Table 4.12: National Ambient Air Quality Standards ............................................................................. 4-19
Table 4.13: List of Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Stations ................................................................ 4-20
Table 4.14: Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Result ............................................................................... 4-20
Table 4.15: Noise level National Standards for different category of areas. ......................................... 4-21
Table 4.16: Floral Species in the Project Influence Area ........................................................................ 4-21
Table 4.17: Trees along the Road .............................................................................................................. 4-22
Table 4.18: Spiders and Common Insects in the Study Area .................................................................. 4-23
Table 4.19: Butterfly of the Study Area .................................................................................................... 4-23
Table 4.20: Fauna recorded within Study Area of proposed project ......................................................... 4-24
Table 4.21: Demography of Project Towns and District ......................................................................... 4-24
Table 4.22: Sex Ratio of Affected Areas ................................................................................................... 4-25
Table 4.23: Educational Level of the Project Affected Areas ................................................................. 4-26
Table 4.24: Working and Non Working People in the Affected Towns ................................................. 4-27
Table 4.25: Approximate assessment of Loss of Structures .................................................................... 4-28
Table 4.26: Project Affected Families ....................................................................................................... 4-28
Table 5.1: Impacts on Physical and Biological Environment ........................................................................... 5-3
Table 5.2: Impacts on Cultural and Socioeconomic Environment ................................................................ 5-4
Table 6.1: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications: IS 10500: 1991 ................................................... 6-7
Table 6.2: Water Quality Criteria as per CPCB Guidelines ............................................................................ 6-11
Table 6.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................... 6-12
Table 6.4: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) .................................................................... 6-16
Table 6.5: Ambient Noise Standard (As per Noise Pollution & Control Rules 2000) ................................. 6-17
Table 10.1: EMP Budget ................................................................................................................................ 10-4
List of Figures
Figure 2.1: Location of the project road ......................................................................................................... 2-2

Figure 2.2(a): Line Diagram of Phase-I of Shil Phata to Bhiwandi Project Road .......................................... 2-3
Figure 2.3(b): Line Diagram of Phase-II of Shil Phata to Bhiwandi Project Road......................................... 2-4
Figure 2.4: Site Photograph (Start Point) ........................................................................................................ 2-5
Figure 2.5: Site Photograph (End Point) ......................................................................................................... 2-5
Figure 2.6: Existing Bridges ........................................................................................................................... 2-7
Figure 2.7: Existing ROBs .............................................................................................................................. 2-8
Figure 2.8: Existing Toll Plaza ....................................................................................................................... 2-9
Figure 2.9: Existing Junctions along Project Road ......................................................................................... 2-9
Figure 2.10: Existing HT line crossings........................................................................................................ 2-10
Figure 2.11: Trees along the Road ................................................................................................................ 2-16
Figure 2.12: Quarry Chart ............................................................................................................................. 2-19
Figure 4.1: Line diagram Shilphata to Bhiwandi phasae-I ............................................................................. 4-4
Figure 4.2: Line diagram Shilphata to Bhiwandi Phase-II .............................................................................. 4-5
Figure 4.3: Seismic Map of the Area .............................................................................................................. 4-6
Figure 4.4: The distribution of mineral resources in state of Maharashtra ..................................................... 4-8
Figure 4.5: Different type of Land Uses along the road ............................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4.6: Trees along the Road .................................................................................................................. 4-23
Figure 4.7: Sex Ratio of Affected Population ............................................................................................... 4-26
Figure 4.8: Educational Level of Affected Population ................................................................................. 4-27
Figure 4.9: Occupational background of Affected Towns ............................................................................ 4-27
Figure 7-1: Safety signs .................................................................................................................................. 7-5
Figure 7-2: Regulatory signs ........................................................................................................................... 7-5
Figure 7-3: Warning signs .............................................................................................................................. 7-7
Figure 7-4: Guide signs ................................................................................................................................... 7-8
Figure 7-5: Traffic cones signs ....................................................................................................................... 7-8
Figure 7-6: Barricades Signs ........................................................................................................................... 7-9
Figure 7-7: Flagmen Sign ............................................................................................................................... 7-9
Figure 7-8: Functioning of ERC ................................................................................................................... 7-13
Figure 9.1: Schematic Diagram of Oil Interception Chamber ....................................................................... 9-16
Figure 9.2: Schematic Diagram of Rain water pit .......................................................................................... 9-17
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. 4/500 EIA/EMP Report
to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza) and construction of Six lanes road in Between 0/000 and
18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................. 1
ES.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1
ES.2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................1
ES.3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ..................................................................................2
ES.4. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT.........................................................3
ES.5. ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATIONS .5
ES.6. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT .................................................................................6
ES.7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGREMMES ................................................6
ES.8. SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ADDITIONAL STUDIES.........................................7
ES.9. PROJECT BENEFITS ......................................................................................................7
ES.10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ...................................................7
ES.11. ENVIRONMENT BUDGET ............................................................................................8
ES.12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...........................................................8
M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page i

with Consulting Engineers Group Ltd.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES.1. INTRODUCTION
The Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd (MSRDC) has decided to
implement the work of Feasibility cum Preliminary Design Report for Elevated Road
on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from chainage 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll
Plaza to Gove Toll Plaza) and Construction of Six lanes road in between 0/000 to
4/500 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the State of Maharashtra under DBFOT.
The Bhiwandi Kalyan - Shil Phata Road is one of the major links connecting the
Mumbai Pune Highway (NH 4) at Shil Phata and the Mumbai - Nashik Highway
(NH-3) at Ranjoli Junction, Bhiwandi. The road also provides continuity to the
Mumbai- Ahmedabad Highway (NH 8) through the Thane - Ghodbunder Road
(SH42). The Bhiwandi Kalyan Shil Phata Highway (0/000 to 4/100) passes through
the Thane Municipal Corporation and 4/00 to 16/600 passes through the Kalyan-
Dombivali Municipal area and 16/600 to 21/100 passes through Koan Gaon and Gove
Grampanchyat Area.
As per EIA Notification of September 14, 2006 and its amendment August 22, 2013,
the project does not need environmental clearance as it is less than 100 km length and
widening is not more than 40 m.
ES.2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The project highway is an existing four lane section from Shil-Phata to Bhiwandi
from Chainage 0/000 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra. The project Road starts
from Shil Phata where NH-4 passes from Mumbra to Pune and ends at Ranjnoli
junction where NH-3 passes from Thane to Nashik. Most of the project road passes
through Dombivali-Kalyan and Thane municipal areas. Its shortest link between NH-
4 & NH-3 but congested particularly in Kalyan town. NH-222 which is National
Highway connecting Mumbai to Andhra Pradesh is starting from project road at ch.
16+200. Various sections of NH-222 are being upgraded by PWD / MoRTH
including horizontal & vertical geometrical improvements of various Ghat Sections.
After detailed discussion with client in meeting to review Inception Report on dated
13th April 2016 the project is divided in two phases i.e. Phase I & Phase II. In Phase I
six laning of highway is proposed to reduce congestion of traffic and 6 lane will help
M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1

in traffic management during construction and finally act as service road on both side
& in Phase II elevated road is proposed.
As per the original agreement it is decided to construct an elevated road from Ch.
4+500 to 18+500 and remaining portion will be a six lane road. As per meeting held
on dated 28th June, 2016 at MMRDA office, Mumbai, MMRDA & various
agencies proposed and started various developments around the project road are as
under:-
Development of Kalyan ring road,

Widening of Katai Badlapur road
Multi Model corridor
Motagaon Mankoli Road
Construction of Six Lane Bridge over Ulhas River.
Construction of link road from SH-40 to SH-35.
Metro From Bail Bazar circle to End of project road
Govindwadi bypass
After detailed discussion in meetings the proposal is being revised as per surrounded
development around the project road and it is concluded that Elevated road is
proposed from Ch 4750 to Ch 13.120 including approaches due to proposal of metro
rail from Bail Bazar circle to End of project road.
After Joint site visit with MSRDC officials and meeting on dated 22- 23rd August
2016, the Phase I is further divided in Phase IA & Phase IB and elevated road is
proposed in phase II
Phase-IA is from Ch. 0 + 000 to Ch. 5+200.

Phase IB is from Ch. 5 + 200 to Ch. 21+058.
Phase-II is elevated road construction from Ch 4+750 to 13+120 including
approaches.
ES.3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

The analysis of alternatives has been made on the basis of Long term Scenario with
projects and Long term Scenario without project in terms of potential environmental
impacts.

To asses the overall project impacts a quantitative analysis is carried out. This shows
that the project has generally significant, positive impacts. The project is useful with
the adoption of mitigation measures in order to avoid adverse negative impacts.
ES.4. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

The baseline environmental monitoring; environmental and socio-economic survey;
R&R study and public consultation were conducted to establish the baseline
environmental status of the study. The baseline environmental monitoring was
conducted from April to June, 2016.
Topography and Geography

The project is passing through plain, plateau, CRZ and hill edge area and road starts at
Shilphata (Chainage 0+000) & coordinates 190834.80N-730248.26E. In beginning
it is passing through plain and rolling terrain and CRZ area at desai creek & Ulhas
river crossing and finally end at plain terrain at the Ranjoli junction (Chainage
21+000) with coordinates of 190169.54-73050.57E. The Project Highway is in
Thane district. It touches the various major town i.e. Kalyan-Dombivali, Bhiwandi
etc.
Soil Characteristics:
The soil is sandy and sandy loam. The soil quality was monitored at three locations,
during April to June, 2016. The results indicate that the soil pH is in slightly alkaline
range. Soil pH plays a very important role in the availability of nutrients. The
composition of the soil microbial community is also dependent on the soil pH. Soil is
rich in nitrogen and potassium but phosphorus content is very less. Organic carbon is
also found rich soil. This is good for good harvest. The good farming is possible by
adding phosphorus fertilizer.
Meteorology:
The project influence area has a tropical monsoon climate with three distinct seasons
winters, summer and monsoon.
The region has large seasonal temperature variations. During winter
season (November - February), the average minimum temperature is around 19C.

During the summer, (March - June), the average maximum temperature is around
38C. it is observed that January is the coldest month and March to May is the hottest
month of the year.
Maximum humidity of 100% was observed in June to August and Minimum about
14% was observed in the month of December.
The average annual rainfall in the district is 2293.4 mm. The rainfall in the district
increases from the coastal areas to the interior. The rainfall during the southwest
monsoon season, June to September, constitutes about 94% of the annual rainfall. July
is the wettest month with a rainfall of about 40% of the annual total. The variation in
the annual rainfall from year to year in the district is not large. The highest rainfall
recorded in 24 hours at any station in the district was 481.1 mm.
Hydrology of River Basin and Drainage Pattern:
The project area is drained by the Ulhas river and crosses the project road at km
16+600. The Ulhas River originates in a valley north of the Rajmachi hills formed by
mountain streams draining the northern slope of those hills which are part of the
Sahyadri range of the Western Ghats in the Raigad district of Maharashtra.
The Ulhas river a perennial river, originates in the kakri bardi hills in Vindhya Range
north of Dhar, and flows towards north across the Malwa Plateau to join the Chambal
River.
Water and Water Quality:

Ground water is available at 10-15 m and are used for the irrigation and industrial
purposes. The drinking water supply is from municipality. For the water quality
motoring, three Ground water and two surface water samples were collected from
different locations along the project road. These samples have been analysed for
physico-chemical parameters as per established standard methods and procedures.
The ground water analysis results reveal that it is good for domestic, irrigation and
industrial purposes ground water all the tested parameters found within the
permissible limit as per IS: 10500:2012. The water quality of Desai creek and Ulhas
river is also monitored and it is found that parameters like TDS, Conductivity, DO,
BOD, COD etc. are found higher than the permissible limit. The salinity level of both
Desai creek and Ulhas river at road crossing is found more than 5 ppt. Thus, the
project involves CRZ regulation.

Ambient Air Quality:

To establish the baseline air quality scenario five ambient air quality monitoring
stations were selected within the study corridor covering all land use categories as per
the CPCB / BIS guidelines. Continuous 24 hours monitoring was done at a frequency
of twice a week at more or less uniform intervals during April to June, 2016. It may
be observed from Ambient Air Quality Monitoring that the levels of PM10 are within
the permissible limits except at Padalae gaon and Pimpalghar. The levels of PM 2.5 are
within the permissible limits except at Padalae gaon. The SOx and NOx levels at all
locations are slightly higher but within the limits.
Ambient Noise level:

Road passes through noisy environment once it inters the dense commercial stretches
of Kalyan city. Five locations covering industrial, commercial, and residential areas
were selected for measuring the present status of ambient noise level.
The night time noise levels were lower than the corresponding day time levels. In
beginning and end of the road receptors, the noise level in day time was found higher
than ambient noise standards. This is due to heavy traffic to join the both NH-3 in the
beginning and NH-4 at the end.
Biological Environment:
There is no reserve forest or protected forest areas along the project road. There is
road side plantation comprising of Peepal, Neem, Gulmohar, Sisoo, Sris, Kachnar,
Ashok , Tar etc. There are 1835 trees along the road 933 on right hand side and 902
on left hand side.
Socio-economic Environment:
The project road is passing through agriculture, commercial and residential area.
Approximately 730 household and structure will be affected. In first 13.4 km stretch,
the lower economic group people will be affected and afterwards high value structures
and household will be affected. The R&R study is conducted for the area to design
the R&R plan and described in subsequent section.
ES.5. ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND

MITIGATIONS
The proposed project road will affect the road side plantation tree (1835), commercial
and residential structures (718). Project may attract more traffic and consequently the
air and noise level may be increased. The construction phase construction debris and

waste, if not managed properly may affect the Desai creak and Ulhas River that
comes under CRZ. These adverse impacts on physical, biophysical and
socioeconomic environment will be reversible in nature and can be mitigated by
adopting appropriate mitigation measures in the design, construction and operation
phase. Net environmental impacts to the physical, biological and socioeconomic
environment will be not significant and of short term in nature that can be further
reduced by proposed mitigation measures being suggested in the report.
Appropriate mitigation measures related to soil erosion, loss of soil productivity,
compaction of top soil, contamination of air, water & soil have been formulated and
given in main reports to avoid/ minimise the anticipated impacts. The responsibility of
implementing of suggested mitigation measures lies mainly with Contractor,
Construction Supervision Consultant and MSRDC.
ES.6. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

It is found that due to project 740 structures will be affected. These structures will be
partly affected. Approximately 920 households and 4600 person will be affected.
These affected household can restore their commercial and residential outfit and
resettlement is not required. Majority of the PAPs per capita income is considerable
low. R&R study is conducted for the census survey and socio-economic condition of
the project affected person in order to design the R&R plan and budget for
rehabilitation of the PAPs. In addition, due to road widening the road crossing
activities of person living along the road will be hindered. Appropriate measures like
POP at congested stretches are being provisioned in the project.
It is expected that the commercial activities will be increased due to road widening as
more traffic and trade will flow through project road. This will increase the income
and employment opportunity of the person living adjoining project. The property cost
will also be increased. This will have positive socio-economic impact on the project
affected person.
ES.7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGREMMES

An Environmental Monitoring Plan is proposed for construction and operation stages
to facilitate management decisions for regulating project activities as per the
environmental standards. Environmental monitoring is proposed for water, air and
noise parameters according to prescribed method of CPCB/BIS. Air quality

monitoring will be conducted one time in every season, three seasons (except
monsoon) per year, and continuous 24 hours / or for 1 full working day. Similarly
noise level is to be monitored for agriculture, industrial, commercial and residential
stretches. Water quality of Desai creek and Ulhas River will be analysed two times in
a year (pre monsoon and post monsoon seasons) during the entire construction period.
ES.8. SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ADDITIONAL STUDIES
Project activity should be regulated as per policy, legal and administrative framework
and environmental standards. Road safety and disaster management plan and regular
stakeholder consultations as described in the report should be observed.
ES.9. PROJECT BENEFITS

This Road (Bhiwandi-kalyan Shilphata) projects will promote markets activity
through transportation of material and goods; create job opportunities, decrease
traveling time, fuel consumption, vehicle maintenance cost and increase traffic speed
etc. The ultimate aim of this project is to promote social welfare of the city, town and
villages which reside along the road. The developments of above widening project
will play a significant role in changing the socio-economic condition of the living of
people of a region through dynamic externalities that such development often
generates.
ES.10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

EMP is designed to provide Cost effective environmental management measures to
eliminate/ offset the identified environmental impact, so that negative impact can be
reduced and road induced development will become environmentally sound. EMP
components set of mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures are formulated
and given in the main report (Chapter 9). These includes provision of compensatory
afforestation of 4000 trees, safety, sanitation and hygiene of labor camps, installation
of noise barriers, environmental monitoring program, construction of pedestrian
overpass, construction of rain water harvesting system, following best construction
and waste management practices, rehabilitation and resettlement of the project
affected person.

ES.11. ENVIRONMENT BUDGET

The cost of structural provision of the EMP is estimated and EMP budget is prepared
and given in Chapter 9. Total EMP budget is worked out to be Rs. 18.65 million. The
EMP Cost should be part of the project cost for estimating the economic and financial
viability of the project.
ES.12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The project does not need environmental clearance as it is of less than 100 km in
length and widening is less than 40m. Project will have positive impact in term of
reduction in cost of travelling & transportation, reduction in travelling time, reduction
in accidents due to better service levels of the road and better connectivity from
elevated road Bhiwandi- kalian- Shilphata etc. Temporary and reversible non-
significant project impacts on physical, biological and socio-economic environment is
anticipated. Proper mitigation measures are proposed in the EMP for mitigating the
negative impacts. The environmental monitoring plan and reporting mechanism
proposed as part of the EMP to ensure the proper implementation of the EMP. The
project involves CRZ regulation. And project is being submitted to competent
authority (Maharashtra State Coastal Zone Regulatory Authority) for needful consent.

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Road projects meant for improving the quality of life for people & economy but some
time it induce accelerated urbanization, resettlement of people , disruption of local
economic activities, demographic changes and adverse impact on sensitive eco-system
viz., soil erosion /loss of productive agricultural lands, change to drainage pattern,
ground water quality etc. Road development and operation therefore should be
planned with careful environmental considerations. The Environment Impact
Assessment techniques become necessary to avoid later delays and complications.
Environmental study of the proposed construction activities is continued to establish

the baseline environmental aspects of the project corridor and to analyze all the
expected impacts, required avoidance and the possible cost effective mitigation
measures. These mitigation measures need to be stream lined with the engineering
design and social impact for effective implementation.
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT & PROJECT ROAD
The Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd (MSRDC), (the

Authority) is engaged in the development of road infrastructure projects in State of
Maharashtra.
The project highway is existing four lane section from Shil-Phata to Bhiwandi from
Chainage 0/000 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra. The project Road starts from
NH-4 and ends at NH-3 passing through Dombivali-Kalyan and Thane municipal
areas. Its shortest link between NH-4 & NH-3 but congested particularly at Kalyan.
NH-222 which is National Highway connecting Mumbai to Andhra Pradesh is
meeting near Kalyan. Various sections of NH-222 are being upgraded by PWD /
MoRTH including horizontal & vertical geometrical improvements of various Ghat
Sections. The Index map of the project road is given in fig.1.1.
M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-1

Fig. 1.1 : Index Map of Project Road

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT ROAD
Highway road projects are generally undertaken to improve transportation, economic

and social welfare of state and nation. Increased road capacity and improved
pavements can reduce travel time, lower the costs of vehicle use, increased markets,
jobs, education and health services, reduction transport costs for both freight and
passengers, reduction fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, enhance safety /
reduction in road accidents and fatalities.
Efficient and fastest transport system can only be achieved when there are good
quality roads connecting all corners of a state or the country as a whole. Development
in the industry, agriculture, service, trade and other major sectors of a States
economy depend to a large extent on the efficiency of the existing highway network.
It is through a wide spread network of roads that the fragmented markets are
integrated; consuming hinterlands are linked to production centers, administrative,
commercial, cultural and religious centers are connected and made accessible for the
general populace.
The Bhiwandi Kalyan - Shil Phata Road is one of the major links connecting the
Mumbai Pune Highway (NH 4) at Shil Phata and the Mumbai - Nashik Highway
(NH-3) at Ranjoli Junction, Bhiwandi. The road also provides continuity to the
Mumbai - Ahmedabad Highway (NH 8) through the Thane - Ghodbunder Road (SH-
42). The Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway (0/000 to 4/100) passes through the
Thane Municipal Corporation and 4/00 to 16/600 passes through the Kalyan-
Dombivali Municipal area and 16/600 to 21/100 passes through Koan Gaon and Gove
Grampanchyat Area. This project will also improve the traffic speed, pavement
condition and decrease the rate of accidents.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY
Although this elevated highway project has significant positive impact but it may be
negative impacts on nearby communities and natural environment if proper
precautions will not be taken during the design and implementation stage of the
project. People and properties may be direct/indirect affected in major way such as
disruption of livelihood, loss of accustomed travel paths and community linkages,
increases in noise levels, soil erosion, detrimental changes to streams / rivers and

ground water, and interference with plant and animal life. Roads are agents of change,
which can bring both benefits and damage to the existing balance between the people
and their environment. So this EIA study has been under taken to:-
Facilitate the incorporation of the environment as a factor in project decision
making, along with engineering and economic factors;
To arrive at actions those are environmentally more compatible;
To enable environmental issues to be presented before the public and ensure
public participation in decision making and
To help in identifying management and mitigation measures.
To help in identify and quantify emission source and determine the
significance of impacts on sensitive receivers and potential affected users.
To help in indentify and quantify impact on sites of cultural heritage and to
propose measure to mitigate these impact.
To help in identify, predict and evaluate the residual (i.e. after practicable
mitigation) environmental impacts and the cumulative effects expected to
arises during the construction and operational phase of the proposed and
developments in the relation to the sensitive receivers and potential affected
uses.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The length of the said project is less than 100 km and width is also less than 40 m.
Therefore, as per EIA Notification 2006 & respective amendments environmental
clearance is not required.
The main aim of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to ensure that this
project proposal may be environmentally sound and sustainable on a long-term basis.
The adverse impacts of the proposal need to be identified in advance and duly
considered in preparation of projects engineering designs.
The scope of work for preparing the environmental impact assessment (EIA) is
comprised of the following terms of references:
1. The generic structure and contents of the environmental impact assessment
document as provided in appendix III of the EIA notification dated 14th
September 2006 and its amendments is followed;

2. The baseline environmental information in the study area viz., climate,

physiographic features, drainage, geology, flora, fauna, ambient air, water,
noise and socio-economic conditions;
3. Assessment of the potential significant impacts and identification of the
mitigative measures to address impacts adequately;
4. The study of analysis of alternatives incorporating environmental concerns
including with and without project scenario and modification in the
proposed project due to environmental considerations;
5. Preparation of environmental management plan (EMP) and its integration into
project cycle for mitigating and reducing environmental issues which may
arises during construction and operation phases viz., compensatory
afforestation, soil disposal, utility restoration, noise and vibration control,
campsite management and disaster management;
6. The special attention to the environmental enhancement measures in the
project for the following:
Cultural property enhancement along the highways;
Bus bays and bus shelters including a review of their location;
Highway side landscape and enhancement of the road junctions;
Enhancement of highway side water bodies and
Redevelopment of the borrow areas located on public land;
7. The monitoring network with regard to air, water and noise pollution including
the inputs in the areas of performance indicators and monitoring mechanisms
for environmental components during construction and operational phase of
the project and
8. Suggestion of mitigation measures along with implementation cost and
proposal for staffing, training and institutional requirements for environmental
management unit.
Table 1.1: Scope of Environmental Analysis, Design and EMP
Environmental To carry out a preliminary environmental screening of the

Analysis highway alignment to determine the magnitude of actual
and potential impacts and ensure that environmental
considerations are given adequate weightage in the selection
and design of the proposed highway improvement;
To collect information on existing environmental baseline
conditions and undertake a preliminary evaluation of the
highway alignment selected for improvement in order to
define the focus of the environmental assessment, design
and management studies;
To identify positive and negative impacts of upgrading the
highway and to propose cost-effective measures to enhance

positive impacts and to avoid and / or mitigate negative
impacts.
To carry out Public Consultations with affected groups and
NGOs
Environmental From environment assessment, to identify adverse impacts
Design such as soil erosion, loss of flora and fauna, physical
resources etc. and prevent them through judicious design
changes by adopting appropriate mitigation measures such
as plantation of trees, installation of proper drainage system,
provision of suitable mitigation measures etc.
Prepare cost effective proposals to implement appropriate
mitigation and remedial measures to upgrade and enhance
the environmental quality along the highway in a
sustainable manner; and
Selecting stretches along the highways, which provide
opportunity for environmental enhancement and the
development of cost-effective sustainable environmental
assets.
Environmental To prepare an implementation schedule and supervision
Management program with associated costs and contracting procedures
Plan for the execution of environmental mitigation and design
works;
To develop a program for monitoring environmental
impacts during construction and operational phases;
To spell out specific requirements for institutional
strengthening and training; and
To recommend further studies on environmental aspects,
which are required to be undertaken during project
implementation, if required.
1.6 PRESENT STATUS OF THE PROJECT

Any development work has some impacts on Environmental and Socio-economic
status of the surrounding areas. Therefore, before undertaking any development works
the need for its impact identification on environmental and socio-economic factors
have to be studied. Highway development project has major environmental impacts;
such projects need comprehensive environmental and social assessment. An
integrated approach between development and environment an art of maintaining
the balance between the two is what is expected in Environmental and Social
Assessment reports.
Basic idea of the study will be to minimize adverse environmental and social impacts
with best possible engineering solutions at the optimal cost to make development
environmentally sound and sustainable.
The present study primarily, is a case of retrofitting, however, emphasis has been
given to mitigate negative effects.
The aim of the project is to provide the better connectivity to the population of Kalyan
Dombivali with Navi Mumbai and Mumbai. The area of direct influence will be
confined in a linear fashion along the corridor where the construction activities take
place. However, for various other environmental components, which are likely to
have a broader area of influence, a distance of 10 Km. on either side of the road (as
per the MOEF Notification of Environmental Impact Assessment, Government of
India, 2006) has been used to define the indirect area of Influence. Thus, the term
project influence area referred covers both direct and indirect area of influence.
The Environmental Screening Report will be based on field surveys and
investigations made during site visit, and include information depicting the existing
environmental characteristics as well as an assessment of potential impact on the
physical and natural environment of the area.
The Environment management plan will include project specific mitigations and
monitoring measures for identified impacts as well as management and monitoring
plan to address them.
The detailed design of the project will be closely coordinated with the preparation of
Environmental Impact Assessment Report and the Environmental Management Plans.
The environmental assessment (EA) if leads to identification of potential negative
environmental impacts than, their feasible remedial measures (including avoidance,
mitigation and enhancements) will be proposed in Environmental Management Plans
(EMPs) for implementation during construction and operation phase of the project.
The environmental assessment in this project has an approach in which potential
environmental issues shall be examined at successive levels in the process. Following
is the methodology used:
Collection and review of the documents, legal policies
Reconnaissance survey
Defining scope of work and project influenced study area
Collection of secondary data
Generation of primary data - field surveys, public consultation, strip planning,
tree counting
Documentation of secondary & primary data and defining the Environment
Analysis of alternatives
Determination of the magnitude of environmental impacts so that due
consideration is given to them during planning, construction and operational
phases of the project implementation.
Assessment of the socio-economic conditions of the project affected persons
and suggestions for their improvement.

The environmental assessment study would be started with a detailed reconnaissance

survey for the purpose of recording the environmental features along the roadside and
in the adjoining area. Areas impacted due to anthropogenic activities and natural
processes will also be recorded. Areas of tourist and archaeological importance will
be identified and recorded. Sensitive areas like schools, hospitals, and religious
structures like temples, mosques by the roadside and encroaching upon the ROW will
be noted.
Detailed information on the following features will be recorded and analyzed.
Physical Resources: Topography, Tectonics, Geology, Quarries Soil, Climate
and Drainage system etc.
Biological Resources: Ecology, Vegetation, Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity,
Human Resources: Demography, Land Use and Occupation pattern,
Quality of life values: Educational institutions, Medical facilities, basic
amenities like Water supply, Electricity, Communication and transport,
Aesthetics,
Cultural heritage and Tourism.
The reconnaissance survey would enable the consultants to identify the various
critical locations, where primary data on Ambient Air, Noise, Water and Soil quality
will be collected for impact assessment and prediction.
In addition to the above surveys, informal and formal discussions and consultation
will be held with the local populace with reference to the pertinent projects and their
views and suggestions would be sought on issues of road widening, land acquisition,
environmental pollution and degradation, safety and sanitary facilities.
Along with the above, laws related to environmental management and pollution
control in India would be reviewed and their bearing upon the project has been
elucidated.
1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT
EIA report has been structured into the following chapters:
Executive briefly discusses key environmental issues and recommended
Summary: actions.
Chapter 1: Introduction - Provide the significance of the project, Objectives and
Scope of the EIA study and Structure of the EIA Report.
Chapter 2: Project Description - Provide the description of the project activities
which includes location, design and structure, need and purpose of the
project.

Chapter 3: Analysis of Alternatives - discusses the criteria for identification and

analysis of alternatives, description of various alternatives including
No Change alternative.
Chapter 4: Description of the Existing Environment - describes the
environmental setting of the project area baseline conditions relating to
meteorology, physical environment, water resources, noise, air as well
as flora and fauna.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Potential Environmental Impact and Mitigation
Measures - identification and quantification of the potential impacts
based on analysis of secondary and primary data and gives brief
description of the mitigation and enhancement measures adopted for
the project.
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Programme discuss the objective and
methodology for the monitoring of air quality, water quality and noise
parameters.
Chapter 7: Safety Measure and Additional Studies - describes the policy, legal
and administrative framework reviews, the existing institutional and
legislative setup relevant to the project at the national and state levels,
risk assessment and disaster management plan, summaries of public
consultants at different levels (e.g. villagers, project affected persons,
and other stakeholders such as govt. officials) and R&R plan.
Chapter 8: Project Benefits - turn lead to changes in the level of well-being and
human development, through their benefit on consumption level,
educational attainment, health status etc.
Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan - Provide cost effective
environmental management plan to eliminate/ offset the identified
environmental impact, so that development will become
environmentally sound.
Chapter 10: Environmental Budget - Environmental budget for the various
environmental management measures proposed in the EMP at
construction and operation stages are summarized in this chapter.
Chapter 11: Disclosures of Consultant Engaged - Describes the name and brief
resume of the consultant engaged in the preparation of EIA report.

CHAPTER 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. EIA/EMP Report
4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza) and construction of Six lanes road in Between
0/000 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
CHAPTER 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1. GENERAL
The Bhiwandi-Shil Phata Road is one of the major links connecting the Mumbai Pune
Highway (NH-4) at Shil Phata and Mumbai-Nashik Highway (NH-3) at Ranjnoli
intersection, Bhiwandi. The road also provides continuity to the Mumbai-Ahmedabad
Highway (NH-8) through the Thane-Ghodbunder Road (SH-42). The Bhiwandi- Kalyan-
Shil Phata Highway (0/000 to 4/100) passes through the Thane Municipal Corporation
and 4/100 to 16/600 passes through the Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal area and 16/600 to
21/058 passes through Koan Gaon and Gove Grampanchyat Area.
The broad objective of the project is rehabilitation of existing road network involving
rising of formation levels, strengthening of pavements and where necessary widening and
realignment of roads.
However, the specific objectives of the project are;
Provide scope for more efficient transportation of passengers and goods.
Reduce transport operating costs by improving the quality of the road.
Reduce journey time by minimizing congestion in especially urban centers.
Minimize road accidents by increasing road widths, improving intersections and road
geometry.
Provide better accessibility and reduce traffic distress on the arterial highways
passing through the state.
Improve accessibility to existing and proposed industrial estates, SEZs and mega-
industrial complexes for efficient transport of goods.
Upgrade road to function in all weather by improving drainage and raising road
levels.
Provide structurally sound roads capable of achieving their design life.
2.2. LOCATION AND BROADER DETAILS OF THE PROJECT
The project site is located in Thane District of Maharashtra State in India having two
talukas Kalyan and Bhiwandi.
The project road starts from Km 0/000 at Shil Phata and ends at km 21/058 at Ranjnoli
Junction in Bhiwandi. The present alignment is four lanes with divided carriageway. The
project Highway passes through towns / villages such as Kalyan, Desai Gaon, Kongaon
and Ranjnoli. The total length of the project Highway is about 21.058 km the existing
alignment is proposed to be widened to six lane divided highway from Ch. 0.000 to
16.180 and from Ch. 16.880 to 21.058. Elevated road is proposed from Ch 4.750 to Ch.
13.120 in Phase-II. The location of the project road on satellite imagery is given in Fig.
2.1 & Line Diagram of Shil Phata to Bhiwandi Project Road given in Fig.2.2.
CONSULTING ENGINEERS GROUP LTD. Page 2-1

Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza) EIA/EMP Report
and construction of Six lanes road in Between 0/000 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
Figure 2.1: Location of the project road

Figure 2.2(a): Line Diagram of Phase-I of Shil Phata to Bhiwandi Project Road

Figure 2.3(b): Line Diagram of Phase-II of Shil Phata to Bhiwandi Project Road

Photo 1: Start of Project road at Shil Phata Photo 2: Overhead sign at Shil
phata Phata
Figure 2.4: Site Photograph (Start Point)

The Project stretch is ending at the Ranjnoli intersection in Bhiwandi at Ch. 21+058,
where NH-3 crosses the intersection. The photo of the Ranjnoli intersection is shown
below.
Photo 3:- End of Project road at Photo 4:- End of Project road at Ranjnoli
Ranjnoli Junction Junction
Figure 2.5: Site Photograph (End Point)

2.2.1 Right of Way (ROW)

As per the site appreciation generally the Right of Way details of the Existing roads given
in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Exiting ROW
S. No. Section Right of Way
1 Shil Phata to Katai Toll Plaza (0 4 Km) 30 m
2 Katai Toll Plaza to Ulhas river (4 16 Km) 27.44 m
3 Ulhas river to Gove Toll Plaza (16 21.058 km) 30 m
The ROW is required to be suitably adjusted to accommodate, junctions, interchanges,

rest areas, toll plazas etc. The existing ROW, in general, along the project road is
maximum around 27.44-30 m.
2.2.2 Bridge and culverts

There are 2 existing major bridges and 6 existing minor bridge along the Project road. One
of the major bridges is constructed over the Desai creek at Ch. 3+478 & other major
bridge is at constructed over the Ulhas River near Ch. 16+486 and minor bridge are given
in table no. 2.2. There are almost 19 culverts present along the project road. List of Major
bridges and minor bridges given in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2: Existing Major and Minor bridges
Existing Type of structure No. of Spans

S. Widt
Chainage Foundatio Sub Super with Span
No. h (m)
(km) n structure structure Length (m)
1 3+478 Open RCC RCC T-Beam 6 x 13.3 2 x 11
PSC Box
2 16+486 Well RCC (Balanced 65+70+2x87.5+70.5 11
Cantilever)
Existing Type of structure

S. No. of Spans with
Chainage Found Sub Super Width
No. Span Length (m)
(km) ation structure structure
RCC+ Stone
Stone Masonary
1 5+436 Open 2 x 4.60 2x9
masonary Arch +RCC
wall type Slab

Existing Type of structure

S. No. of Spans with
Chainage Found Sub Super Width
No. Span Length (m)
(km) ation structure structure
RCC wall
2 9+996 Open RCC Slab 1 x 8.00 2 x 12.5
type
RCC wall 8.10+7.50+7.50

3 13+604 Open RCC Slab 2 x 8.5
type +8.10
RCC+ Stone
Stone Masonary
4 19+957 Open 2 x 4.5 2 x 10.5
masonary Arch +RCC
wall type Slab
RCC+ Stone
Stone Masonary
5 20+042 Open 2 x 6.9 2 x 10.3
masonary Arch +RCC
wall type Slab
RCC+ Stone
Stone Masonary
6 20+138 Open 2 x 5.75 2 x 10.3
masonary Arch +RCC
wall type Slab
Photo 5:- Ulhas River Bridge Photo 6:- Desai Khadi Bridge
Figure 2.6: Existing Bridges

2.2.3 ROBs
There are 2 existing Road Over Bridges along the Project stretch. One of the ROB is
constructed over the railway line from Roha to Diva at Ch. 4+031 and another is at Ch.
13+245 which is constructed over the railway near Kalyan Junction. The existing ROBs
is given in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3: Existing ROBs

Type of structure
S. Chainage No. of Spans with ROB/
Width
No. (km) Foundation Superstructure Span Length (m) RUB
4+031
Open RCC Girder 15.5+26+15.5 13.9 ROB
(LHS)
1
4+031 Steel Girder
Open 1 x 14 7.5 ROB
(RHS) and RCC Slab
13+245
Open Steel Girder 2 x 27.6 7.0 ROB
(LHS)
2
13+245 PSC girder and 10.0+36.50+29.0+
Open 10.7 ROB
(RHS) RCC Slab 10.0
Photo 7 :- ROB near Katai Toll Plaza Photo 8:- ROB near Kalyan Junction
Figure 2.7: Existing ROBs

2.2.4 Toll Plaza
There are 2 existing Toll plazas along the Project stretch. These toll plazas are constructed
in tow parts. One of the toll plaza is at ch. 4+428 (RHS) and 4+681 (LHS) and other is at
ch. 18+617 (RHS) and 18+896 (LHS).

Photo 9:- Katai Toll Plaza Photo 10:- Govegaon Toll Plaza
Figure 2.8: Existing Toll Plaza
2.2.5 JUNCTIONS & INTERSECTIONS
Along the project road there are 14 major intersections and 63 minor junctions. The
photos of some of the junctions are shown below.
Photo 11- Major Intersection along the Photo 12- Major Intersection along the
project Highway project Highway
Figure 2.9: Existing Junctions along Project Road
2.2.6 WAYSIDE AMENITIES

Wayside amenities like petrol pumps, dhabas, bus bays, etc., exist all along the project
Highway.

2.2.7 UTILITIES/HT LINE

There are number of overhead and underground utilities that are running along and or
across the project highway. These are mainly Optical Fibre Cables, Electrical and
Telephone Lines, MSEB HT and LT lines, minor water mains.
Photo 13:- HT lines crossing the Project Photo 14:- HT Lines crossing the
Highway Project Highway
Figure 2.10: Existing HT line crossings
2.2.8 Geography and Terrain of the Project Stretch

Project road passes mostly through a plain & rolling terrain (cross slope of ground 0 to
25%). The geometric design of highway deals with the portioning of the physical elements
of the roadway according to standards and constraints. Geometric design can be divided
into two main parts: Horizontal Curves and Vertical Curves. Vertical and Horizontal
Curves together provide three-dimensional layout for a roadway. However, since the
project highway is 4 lane, 6 laning is to be retrofitted. The geometric parameters are more
or less fixed except few locations where curve improvement has been carried out.
2.2.9 Land Use Pattern

The project road is predominantly passes through built up area. The project highway is
characterized by a mix of ribbon development and agricultural lands. The broad land use
pattern abutting the project is mainly residential, commercial, industrial (MIDC area) and
barren land.

2.2.10 Natural Resources Protected Areas

There is no wild life sanctuary, national park, tiger reserve in 10 km radius from central
line of stretch.
2.2.11 Traffic
The Survey is carried out at km 18+700 along the project road and at km 129+000 of NH-
4 (Near km 0+000 of project road) so as to study the traffic flow pattern which can impact
the project road.
Average Daily Traffic
The average value of Traffic Volume Count Data for 7 days count at each location has
been calculated to determine the Average Daily Traffic (ADT). The Average Daily Traffic
(ADT) in terms of Vehicles and PCU for both directions traffic is shown in Table 2.4
given below:
Table 2.4: Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
km 129+000 (at NH-4) km 18+700 (at project road)

Categories ADT (Both Direction) ADT (Both Direction)
Vehicles PCU Vehicles PCU
2 Wheeler 8,536 4268 17,656 8,829
3 Wheeler 5,302 5,302 7,842 7,842
Passenger Car 9,772 9,772 2,1738 2,1738
Mini LCV 1,770 1770 2,930 2,930
Mini Bus 173 260 228 343
Standard Bus 563 1689 929 2787
LCV - 4 Tyre 960 1,440 1,104 1,657
LCV - 6 Tyre 1,925 2,888 1,690 2,535
2-Axle 2,159 6,477 1,122 3,366
3-Axle 2,404 7,212 392 1,176
MAV (4 to 6) 4,295 19,328 194 874
OSV (7++ Axle) 4 18 2 10

km 129+000 (at NH-4) km 18+700 (at project road)

Categories ADT (Both Direction) ADT (Both Direction)
HCM/EME 32 145 8 37
Tractors-With Trailer - - 1 5
Tractors-Without Trailer 4 6 - -
Bi-Cycle 67 34 162 82
Cycle-Rickshaw - - 5 10
Animal-Drawn 1 6 6 36
Hand-Drawn 9 27 12 36
Exempted Vehicle 34 55 83 112
Total Commercial Traffic 12,537 39,500 5,701 12,846
Total Tollable Traffic 24,057 50,999 30,337 37,453
Total Traffic 38,010 60,697 56,104 54,405
Annual Average Daily Traffic:

Annual Average daily Traffic in Vehicles and PCU are given below:
Table 2.5: Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT)
Km 129+000 (NH-4) Km 18+700

Categories AADT (Both Direction) AADT (Both Direction)
2 Wheeler 8,536 4,268 17,656 8,829
3 Wheeler 5,302 5,302 7,842 7,842
Passenger Car 9,596 9,596 21,347 21,347
Mini LCV 1,738 1,738 2,877 2,877
Mini Bus 182 275 240 361
Standard Bus 565 1695 933 2795
LCV - 4 Tyre 1,027 1,541 1,182 1,773
LCV - 6 Tyre 2,060 3,090 1,808 2,713
2-Axle 2,166 6,496 1,126 3,376

Km 129+000 (NH-4) Km 18+700

Categories AADT (Both Direction) AADT (Both Direction)
3-Axle 2,687 8,063 438 1,314
MAV (4 to 6) 4,802 21,609 217 978
OSV (7++ Axle) 4 18 2 10
HCM/EME 32 145 8 37
Tractors-With Trailer - - 1 5
Tractors-Without Trailer 4 6 - -
Bi-Cycle 67 34 162 82
Cycle-Rickshaw - - 5 10
Animal-Drawn 1 6 6 36
Hand-Drawn 9 27 12 36
Exempted Vehicle 34 55 83 112
Total Commercial Traffic 13,547 42,975 5,986 13,418
Total Tollable Traffic 24,859 54,266 30,178 37,581
Total Traffic 38,812 63,964 55,945 54,533
It is observed that the total traffic at Project Road (km 18+700) is maximum of the two locations
whereas the total commercial traffic is more at km 129+000 (NH-4) as it is link connecting to
NH-8, NH-3 & project road.
Normal traffic projections
Projected normal traffic (average of 7 days) on the project road for the cardinal years in terms of
AADT (PCU) is presented in Table 2.6
Table 2.6: Projected Normal Traffic in AADT (PCU)-Most Likely Growth Scenario
AADT(PCU)
Year
Local Through Divertible Total Traffic Total Traffic
Traffic Traffic Traffic (NH-4) (Without Diversion) (With Diversion)
2016 32934 21600 2122 54534 56656
2017 35084 23113 2276 58197 60473
2018 37378 24735 2441 62113 64554
2019 39826 26472 2618 66298 68916
2020 42462 28348 2808 70810 73618
2021 45274 30359 3012 75633 78645

AADT(PCU)
Year
Local Through Divertible Total Traffic Total Traffic
Traffic Traffic Traffic (NH-4) (Without Diversion) (With Diversion)
2022 48279 32515 3230 80794 84024
2023 51349 34710 3452 86059 89511
2024 54625 37057 3690 91682 95372
2025 58113 39563 3945 97676 101621
2026 61336 41837 4176 103173 107349
2027 64739 44242 4421 108981 113402
2028 68330 46786 4680 115116 119796
2029 72122 49477 4955 121599 126554
2030 76123 52325 5245 128448 133693
2031 80024 55065 5523 135089 140612
2032 84127 57947 5816 142074 147890
2033 88440 60982 6124 149422 155546
2034 92974 64175 6448 157149 163597
2035 97738 67537 6788 165275 172063
2036 102626 70913 7128 173539 180667
2037 107758 74458 7484 182216 189700
2038 113144 78181 7859 191325 199184
2039 118801 82092 8253 200893 209146
2040 124744 86195 8667 210939 219606
2041 130979 90505 9099 221484 230583
2042 137530 95031 9555 232561 242116
2043 144404 99784 10033 244188 254221
2044 151626 104773 10536 256399 266935
2045 159207 110011 11063 269218 280281
2046 167166 115512 11617 282678 294295
2047 175525 121288 12199 296813 309012
2048 184301 127354 12810 311655 324465
2049 193519 133722 13451 327241 340692
2050 203194 140406 14124 343600 357724
2051 213355 147427 14831 360782 375613

2.2.12 Proposed Right-of-Way (ROW)

As per clause 2.3 of IRC: SP: 87-2013 minimum Right of way 60 m should be available
for development of 6 lane highway. However the road is passing through the urban area,
the existing ROW is lesser as per the standards for the 6-laning. In present case, the
project requirement is to provide 2x3-lane carriageway configuration. The project
highway passes through dense habitated area. The ROW is required to be suitably
increased to accommodate, junctions, interchanges, rest areas, toll plazas etc. The existing
ROW, in general, along the project road is around 27.44 & 30m. Accordingly various
typical cross sections have been proposed for the construction of 2x3-lane carriageway
configuration.
2.2.13 Carriageway Width
The standard width of carriageway is as indicated below:
Carriageway Width 10.5 m on each side along with kerb shyness of 0.5 m on
each side of median.
Paved shoulder width 1.5 m in rural area and 2.0 m in Built up area and
approaches to grade separated structure
Available Row is only 27.44m & 30 m only, so paved shoulder is not proposed.
2.2.14 Trees along the Road

Survey of the Trees has been conducted and detail of Trees within ROW is given in Table
10.6. It is found that there are approximately 1835 trees along the road that may be
affected due to the project. Exact number of tree to be cut will be based upon the
finalization of design of road and structures.
Table 2.7: Trees along the Road
Sr. RHS LHS

No.
Girth Size (m) No. of Trees Girth Size (m) No. of Trees
1 0-0.30 183 0-0.30 155
2 0.30-0.60 217 0.30-0.60 187
3 0.60-0.90 188 0.60-0.90 197

Sr. RHS LHS

No.
4 0.90-1.20 127 0.90-1.20 147
5 Above 1.20 182 Above 1.20 152
6 Others 36 Others 64
Total 933 Total 902
It is found commonly that girth size of the trees varies between 0-30 cm, 30-60 cm, 60 to 90
cm and above 120 cm. The common trees found along the road are Babool, Peepal, Imli,
Chandni, Jamun, Palm, Ashok, Neem, Eucalyptus, Karanj, Siris etc.
Figure 2.11: Trees along the Road
2.2.15 Proposed Development
Provision of flyover at Shil Phata intersection (NH4)

Six laning from 0.000 to 16.180 and 16.880 to 21.058
Construction of service road major bridge over desai creek.
Construction of flyover over Lodha junction
Construction of service road ROBs besides existing Katai ROB
Reconstruction of Existing ROB over Kalyan junction.
Construction of elevated road from Ch. 4.750 to 13.120
Salient Features of the project is given Below in table 2.7:

Table 2.8: Salient Features of the Project
Sr. Existing
Features Proposed features
No. Features
1 Length 21.034 km 21.058 km
2 Width of the road 4-lane 6-lane
Existing 4 lane bridges are retained for

MCW traffic & New 2 lane bridge
proposed for service road on desai creek
3 Major Bridges 2 bridges in LHS & RHS side
New 6 lane bridge at Ulhas creek
constructed by MMRDA
4 Minor Bridges 6 6 (4 Widening +2 Retained)
3+597 to 3+997 (LHS Main CW)
(4x30)+(1x40 Obligatory Span ) +(8x30
viaduct span)
3+597 to 3+998 (RHS Main CW)
(4x30)+(1x40 Obligatory Span) +(7x30
5 Flyover Nil viaduct span)+(1x30.7 viaduct span)
3+817 to 4+012 (LHS SR) (6x30 viaduct
span)+(1x17.3 viaduct span)
3+817 to 3+993 (RHS SR) (5x30 viaduct
span)+(1x23 viaduct span)
3 Nos. ROB proposed at Ch. 4+031

(MCW RHS & LHS SR & RHS SR) &
Road Over
6 2 MCW LHS retained
Bridges
Reconstruction of existing ROB at Ch
13+265 in LHS side & RHS side retained
Elevated road proposed in phase II

Elevated road 4-lane from Ch. 4+930 to
12+770
7 Elevated Road - Approaches on Shil Phata side from Ch.
4+750 to 4+930
Approaches on Bhiwandi side from Ch.
12+770 to 13+120.

Sr. Existing
Features Proposed features
No. Features
8 culverts 19 19
Staggered Toll Plaza at Ch 4+428 in RHS
(Lanes 2x3.2m+1x7m in RHS & 1x7m in
LHS) & at Ch 4+681 in LHS (Lanes
2x3.2m+1x7m in LHS & 1x7m in RHS)
including Rigid pavement, Building
proposed on toll booths & toll plaza
management system
Staggered Toll Plaza at Ch 18+631 in
9 Toll plaza 2
RHS (Lanes 2x3.2m+1x7.5 m in RHS &
1x8.5 m in LHS) & at Ch 18+896 in LHS
(Lanes 2x3.2 m+1x7.5m in LHS & 1x8.5
m in RHS) including Rigid pavement,
Reconstruction of existing toll Building
and proposed new toll building at toll
booths in LHS side & toll plaza
management system
2.2.16 Natural Resources

To identify potential sources of materials for construction, the survey of following
materials have been carried out to find their likely sources, availability and suitability for
the purpose. Various kinds of materials such as sub-grade soil, borrow area soil and
granular sub-base material, fine and coarse aggregates are required. At most of sites there
were sufficient existing quarries and /or exposed faces to enable a reasonable and
conservative estimation of quality and quantity.
Fine Aggregates (Sand/Stone Dust)
Sand Quarry in this area and their corresponding lead from project corridor is as follows:
Ulhas River Sand Quarry, Lead 1.0 km from CH: 15+000 (LHS)
Soil Borrow area, Lead 11.0 Km, from CH: 21+000 (RHS)
Soil Borrow area, Lead 15.0 Km, from CH: 21+000 (RHS)

GSB/Mooram, Lead 11.0 Km, from CH: 21+000 (RHS)
Coarse Aggregate
Detailed survey on the project was done and it was revealed that the stone quarries in this
area are 2.5 km from starting point of the road. Following corresponding leads will be
utilized for the project:
Raghuvansh Stone crusher, Lead 2.50 km from CH: 00+000 (LHS)

Mukesh & Company Stone crusher, Lead 2.50 km from CH: 00+000 (LHS)
ShriRam Stone crusher, Lead 2.50 km from CH: 00+000 (LHS)
Uma Stone crusher, Lead 2.50 km from CH: 00+000 (LHS)
Mukesh Stone crusher, Lead 2.50 km from CH: 00+000 (LHS)
The location of the coarse aggregate and stone quarry is shown in Figure 11.5.
After completion of the project the quarries is to be rehabilitated as per norms and
MoEF&CC guidelines.
Figure 2.12: Quarry Chart

Fly Ash
Tata Power unit in Trombay is within 100 km from project, therefore its fly ash is to be
used for the project road construction.
Water Requirement
The water requirement has been assumed based on past project experiences and on the
strict quality control basis. Source of the water will be Authorized Private potable water
Tankers for domestic purposes & for Highway construction purpose. About 25-30% of
water requirement (for dust suppression) may be served by waste water from nearby
available sources. Use of ground water for construction purpose will be avoided.
Since it is a widening project where elevated stretch is 8.5 km, 2 major bridges and 2
ROBs are proposed, hence, the water requirement for Road & Structures construction is
higher.
Labour camp is not proposed, as the contract labours will be hired locally. Therefore 20
lit./person/day water is estimated for domestic uses.
Details of the water requirement assessed for the project is given below in Table 2.9.
Table 2.9: Requirement of water for proposed construction works
S. No Purpose Water Requirement (KLD )

Highway Construction- Road & Structures
1. 156
(Concreting & Curing)
2. Dust Suppression & other Safety activities 48
3. Domestic Uses- Drinking, Cleaning, etc. 6
Other activities- Washing of equipments,
4. 13
Reserve water etc.
Total Requirement 223 KLD
Total Requirement for Project/Construction Period
2,02,930 KL
(Approximately 910 days)
2.2.17 Power Requirement

LSD D.G sets shall be used for power for onsite construction and labour camps, wherever

grid power supply is not available. Requirement of LDO will be approx: 13.70 KLD.
2.2.18 Manpower Requirement

Manpower required in Construction and Operation Phases for proposed project is given in below
Table 2.10 & 2.11 respectively.
Table 2.10: Manpower Required in Construction Phase

Designation Nos.
Project Managers 2
Dept. P.M. 4
Site Engineers 16
Mech. Engineers 2
Technicians 8
Foremen 15
Workers 240
Total 287
Table 2.11: Manpower Required in Operation Phase

Designation Nos.
P.D. 1
Adm. Managers 1
Financial Managers 1
Tech. Managers 2
Maintenance Managers 2
Toll Managers 2
Accountant 1
Foremen 4
Helpers 35
Total 49
2.2.19 Project cost

The estimated capital cost of project is approximately Rs. 1,403.38 Cr.
2.2.20 Project Schedule

Construction work is proposed to be completed in the period of 2.5 years after getting necessary
statuary clearances.

CHAPTER 3
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
CHAPTER 3
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
3.1. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

The analysis of alternatives is carried out to find the least cost option with regards to
socio-economic and environmental consequences to each alternative and the cost
attributed to it. The option study will also enable the consultants to approach people
for various aspirations of the local stakeholders.
Environmental alternatives and design considerations
The project offers some environmental alternatives in order to facilitate the decision
making process. As usual the analysis of alternative should start with the customary
with and without the project scenario. This is to justify the proposal of a widening
alternative to no widening alternative. The with project scenarios will, however
occur, only if the recommendations provided for the construction stage are followed
and all construction activities are carried out according to principles of Environment
Friendly Road Construction.
3.2. WITH AND WITHOUT PROJECT SCENARIO

3.2.1. Without Project Scenario
The existing project road Bhilwandi-kalyan-Shilphata is 4 lane Road. The existing
ROW is maximum 25-30 m at different locations. The volume of traffic of this project
is very high. The capacity of the present highway is insufficient for handling such
volume of traffic therefore immediate conversion of 4 lane to 6 lane is required.
The present highway is continuously dotted with settlements and the traffic flow is
seriously affected by severe conflicts between the local traffic and the through traffic.
The population growth, increase in traffic volumes and the economic development
along the corridor would continue to occur and will further add to the already critical
situation. The existing unsafe conditions and the adverse environmental
consequences, in terms of environmental quality along the highway, would continue
to worsen in the absence of proposed improvements. Therefore, no action alternative
is neither a reasonable nor a prudent course of action for the proposed project, as it
would amount to failure to initiate any further improvements and impede economic
development.
3.2.2. With Project Scenario

The proposed six laning and Elevated road from Shil Phata to Bhiwandi will provide
the access controlled connectivity from Shil Phata to outskirts of Bhiwandi as
envisaged in the project objectives. The with project scenario, has been assessed to

be economically viable and will alleviate the existing conditions. It would therefore,
contribute to the development of goals envisaged by the Government of Maharastra,
and enhance the growth potential of the area.
To avoid the large scale acquisition of land and properties, the project envisages the
6-laning of the highway within the existing ROW, There are 2 existing Toll plazas
along the Project stretch. One of the toll plaza is constructed at Ch. 4+500 which is
called at Katai Toll plaza and another is at Ch. 18+700 which is called as Govegaon
Toll Plaza.
In spite of the various development benefits likely to accumulate due to the project, as
is the case of every development project, this project would be accompanied by
certain impacts on the natural and social environmental components. The potential
impacts on the various environmental components can be avoided through good
engineering practices. Wherever warranted and avoidance has not been possible,
appropriate mitigation and enhancement actions will be worked out to effectively
offset the environmental damages inflicted due to the project. A comparative
assessment of the With and Without project scenarios are presented in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1: With and Without Project Scenarios
SCENARIO LONG-TERM SCENARIO LONG-TERM SCENARIO

TYPE WITH PROJECT WITHOUT PROJECT
Numbers of trees exists within No change in vegetation and
ROW and need to be felled, number of trees.
Flora however, through compensatory
afforestation @ 1:2 will again
improve the greenery of the area.
Community properties will be Along the road side many
partially affected due to proposed community properties are
Social and widening. present.
Cultural land use affected , Use of open / No change in land
Environment barren land has reduced acquisition acquisition and cultural
in other areas. properties.
Topography and No major change in topography and Further deterioration in

Soils soils, however, better road will present conditions.
reduce soil erosion and dust
Highway Divided four/six lane carriageway Two-lane highway with poor
Geometrics with geometric improvements. geometrics.
80 kmph in urban sections 100 40-50 kmph in urban
Speed kmph in rural sections. sections.
60-70 kmph in rural sections.
Safety Along the settlement stretches with On the present road accidents

SCENARIO LONG-TERM SCENARIO LONG-TERM SCENARIO

TYPE WITH PROJECT WITHOUT PROJECT
significant pedestrian traffic, are common and in future
sidewalks have been provided. they will be gradually
Improved road safety since all increased. (Details of road
inadequacies of road will get traffic are provided in Table
corrected and overall safety of 2.5)
corridor will be significantly
increased.
Will be improved due to No changes in present
reconstruction of culverts/bridges problems associated with
Drainage with adequate hydraulics design. inadequate drainage.
Possible weakening and
/Water logging damage to existing drainage
structures causing further
damage to the road.
Provision of flyovers, truck lay bye, Present environmental
will improve environmental quality quality is poor due to traffic
within the urban areas due to congestion at major crossing,
Environmental
lowered pollution levels and A further deterioration is
Quality
relieving of congestion. expected due to increase in
traffic volumes and further
congestion.
Appropriate road side amenities to Not adequate
Road side
be provided at various locations
Amenities
along the corridor.
Wayside facilities proposed at Not of adequate standards,
Wayside several locations, where necessary quality and number.
Facilities like bus bays with appropriate
facilities for recreation.
Total project cost is 1,403.38 No capital costs. However,
crores. increasing road maintenance
and vehicle operating costs
The total Environment budget is
as road deteriorates and as
Financial approx 3.97 crore
travel times increase. overall
Implications the cost of road maintenance,
Vehicle maintenance, injury
and accident will be higher
then actual cost of 6-lane
construction.
It is found on the basis of analysis that without project scenario will do more harm
than the benefits in terms of the biological and socio-economic environment of the
project region as compared to with project scenario. Hence the with project
scenario with minor reversible impacts is an acceptable option for the project section.

3.3. ALIGNMENT IMPROVEMENT ALTERNATIVES

Improvement of existing alignment has been done in following ways which will have
significant beneficial impact in terms of
Minimizing displacement;
Reducing resistance to the project;
Minimize the impact on the existing trees/local environment;
Maximum benefit in terms of road geometry, pavements, shoulders,

embankments etc;
Uninterrupted flow of through traffic along the project stretch;
Avoid future possibility of installation of speed breakers by the local

administration/public;
Avoid adverse impacts of the crowded areas along the project stretch;
Provide scope for wayside amenities.
3.4. BYPASS ALTERNATIVE

There is no need of new bypass and realignment.
3.5. ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION

All methods except those involving heating with firewood are acceptable. However
the quality of work should be good. Seepage of water through the pavement and
causing damage to the underlying base courses needs to be prevented. Such will cause
a rapid deterioration in structural strength and riding quality, resulting in higher
vehicle operating costs, longer travel time and more emissions. Bitumen emulsion
should be used wherever possible.
The key recommendations for each type of engineering or construction parameter are:
Pavement
Options of providing flexible and rigid pavements were evaluated by
comparing the life cycle cost over the design life period. Flexible pavement
was found to be more cost effective and is being proposed.
All methods of paving, except those involving heating with firewood, are
acceptable. However the quality of work should be good. Seepage of water
through the pavement and causing damage to the underlying base courses
needs to be prevented. It will cause a rapid deterioration in structural strength
and riding quality, resulting in higher vehicle operating costs, longer travel
times and more emissions.

Design engineers, Supervisory staff and contractors should be aware of, or

made aware of, the suitability of each method of pavement construction and
the behaviour of different types of bitumen under varying climatic, traffic and
other road conditions.
Drainage
Drains lined with cement mortar should be used, which will minimise leakages
and should minimise total costs;
Cross drainage structures should be designed to accommodate and support the

expected water flows.

CHAPTER 4
DESCRIPTION OF
EXISTING ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER 4
DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT
4.1 Introduction
In order to assess the impacts of the proposed project road, field visits were made by
the Consultants to understand the Environmental Profile of the project influence area.
This involved field inspections at all the sensitive locations, collection of secondary
information for all the environmental components and discussions with the officials,
NGOs and local populace. The study corridor includes 10 km aerial distance on either
side of the project road. The profile presented below comprises of the following:-
Physical Environmental Components such as Meteorology, Geology,

Topography, Soil characteristics, Air Quality, Surface and Sub-surface
water quality
Biological Environmental Components such as Aquatic, Biotic and Marine
flora, fauna and mammals
Land Environment in terms of land use, soil composition
4.2 Environmental Impact Assessment Methodology

The Environmental Assessment for the proposed project began with the adoption of an
environmental screening procedure during the feasibility stage. The purpose of the
screening was to identify key environmental issues such as environmentally sensitive
receptors along the selected alignment, change of landuse; impacts on surface water
bodies, availability of borrow areas, impacts on community facilities, impacts on flora
and fauna, etc. The information gathered during the screening was subjected to
detailed assessment with respect to the construction and operation activities of the
proposed project. Several reconnaissance visits were carried out to collect information
on the major environmental features such as settlement facilities, drainage pattern of
the area, forest, trees within RoW of the alignment, river crossing, cross roads etc. and
were studied in detail, which helped in identifying areas of concern along the stretch
and critical issues.
A review of all applicable operational policies / directives of MoEF, environmental
laws / regulations in India, were carried out in this task. In addition to the above, the
following key environmental regulations / policies in India that may affect / influence
the project environment both during preparation and implementation stages were also
reviewed.
Page 4-1
M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium
Base line environmental profile of the area was then prepared for the area delineated in
the earlier task. This comprised of the following.
carrying out detailed field investigations (through specific reconnaissance survey
formats and recording sensitive features through hand held GPS to prepare an
environmental profile of the project area
collection of secondary information of physical, biological / ecological and social
environment
Discussions with the local officials on the salient features of the project area, etc.
Further primary samples surveys for the environmental components, such as air,
surface and ground water, noise and soil characteristics that are critical in the context
of the project were carried out and available secondary information was collected for
the other components of Base line environment.
With the base line environmental profile of the project as the base and analysis of the
primary and secondary data collected, impacts of the proposed project on various
environmental components were identified. The impacts were also analyzed with
respect to pre-construction, construction and operation phases and were categorized in
terms of magnitude and significance.
The environmental impacts identified through the earlier tasks were used in the design
formulation process to integrate environmental issues and for early identification of
suitable mitigation measures.
Extensive consultations through informal interviews and focus group discussions were
held at various stages of the project to assess community perceptions towards the
projects and assess the concerns. These were incorporated in the design of the
proposed alignment of the project section and were included in the mitigation
measures suggested.
Based on the nature and type of environmental impacts anticipated, mitigation
measures for preventing / minimizing the same were identified and an Environmental
Management Plan was then recommended both for the project execution and operation
phases. Monitoring requirements and institutional responsibilities for the
implementation of the suggested management plan were also identified as part of this
task. The cost for implementing the proposed environmental mitigation measures has
been worked out and presented in the report for necessary budgetary allocations as
part of the project cost.
Page 4-2
4.3 Direct Influence Area

The direct project influence area has been considered the Right of Way (RoW) of
project road. The RoW in the project section is varying from maximum 25.0 to 30.0 m
on the different locations.
The indirect project influence area has been considered 15 km on either side from the
edge of RoW as shown in Fig. 4.1 & 4.2.
Page 4-3
Figure 4.1: Line diagram Shilphata to Bhiwandi phasae-I
Page 4-4
Figure 4.2: Line diagram Shilphata to Bhiwandi Phase-II
4.4 Physical Environment

The components of physical environment discussed in this section includes,
Topography
Geology
Page 4-5
Soil Characteristics
Meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed,

wind direction, etc.
Ambient Air Quality
Surface and Ground water Quality
Ambient noise levels, etc.

For all the parameters, information was collected from the Indian Meteorological
Department, Gazetteer of Maharashtra, various Government Departments and Filed
study as well as discussions with the officials.
4.4.1 Topography
The project road starts at Shilphata (Chainage 0+000) & coordinates 190834.80N-
730248.26E passing through plain terrain ends at the Ranjoli junction (Chainage
21+000) & coordinates 190169.54-73050.57E.
4.4.2 Geology
The Project Highway is in Thane district. It touches the various major town i.e.
Kalyan-Dombivali, Bhiwandi etc.
4.5.2.4 Seismic Hazards

According to GSHAP data, the state of Maharashtra falls in a region of
moderate to high seismic hazard. As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards
(BIS) map, Maharashtra also falls in Zones II, III & IV. The entire study
corridor lies in seismic zone III, as per BIS map Fig. 4.3.
Figure 4.3: Seismic Map of the Area
Page 4-6
4.4.3 Soil Quality of Project Influence Area

The soil quality was monitored at three locations, during April to June, 2016 (Table
4.1) and analysis results of soil quality are presented in Table 4.2. The soil quality
parameters have been analyzed using methods specified in IS2720:1985 (Part 1, 2, 22
and 26) and in Handbook of Soil Analysis FAO Published by Food and Agriculture
organization (FAO), Geneva.
Table 4.1: Locations and Analysis of the Soil Sample

S. Location Description of the
Co-ordinate Type of Land
N. Code Monitoring location
1. S1 Manpada 1910'56.79"N &73 Agricultural land
5'24.26"E
2. S2 Near Durgadi Chauk 1914'46.23"N&73 Agricultural land
7'8.39"E
3. S3 Pimpalghar 1915'53.60"N&73 Agricultural land
5'9.48"E
Source: Baseline Monitoring (April to June, 2016) by CEG Test House And
Research centre, Jaipur
The results of all three locations are given in Table 4.2. The results indicate that the
soil of the area is sandy sand in texture with pH in slightly alkaline in nature. pH plays
a very important role in the availability of nutrients. The composition of the soil
microbial community is also dependent on the soil pH. Electrical conductivity is a
measure of the concentration of soluble salts and ionic activity.
Table 4.2: Physico - Chemical Properties of the Soil Samples
Sampling Locations
S.No. Parameters
S1 S2 S3
1 pH (at 25 0C) 8.13 7.12 7.73

Electrical Conductivity
2 338 629 1190
(S/cm)
3 Available Nitrogen (kg/ha) 83.91 116.2 141.9
4 Available Phosphorus (kg/ha.) 2.8 1.43 0.98
5 Available Potassium (mg/kg) 396.4 552.1 746.4
6 Calcium (mg/kg) 1.98 3.2 5.95
7 Magnesium(mg/kg) 0.48 2.4 2.9
8 Iron(mg/kg) 24218.9 53047.81 60972.7
Page 4-7
S 9 Organic Carbon (%) 0.57 0.97 1.6

o
u 10 Sulphates(mg/kg) 14.4 24.7 94.6
r
11 Chloride (mg/kg) 20.9 41.9 216.3
c
e Cation Exchange Capacity
: 12 3.37 5.57 7.1
(meq/100g)
B 13 Bulk Density(g/cc) 1.38 1.36 1.37
a Sandy
s 14 Texture Sandy Sand
Sand
Sandy Sand
e
line Monitoring (April to June, 2016) by CEG Test House And Research centre,
Jaipur
4.5.2.5 Mineral Resources

The important minerals occurring in the State of Maharashtra are Coal, Iron ore,
Manganese, Limestone, Bauxite, Dolomite, Silica sand, Kyanite & Sillimanite. The
other minerals occurring are Barytes, Ilmenite, Clay, Feldspar, Copper, Chromite,
Graphite, Fluorite, Tungsten etc.
The distribution of mineral resources in state of Maharashtra is given in Fig. 4.4.
Figure 4.4: The distribution of mineral resources in state of Maharashtra
4.5.2.6 Fly Ash
Page 4-8
Tata Power unit in Trombay is within 100 km from project, therefore its fly ash will be
used in road con struction as per the relevant guidelines of MoEF.
4.5.2.7 Land Use Pattern

The project road is predominantly passes through built up area. The project highway is
characterized by a mix of ribbon development and agricultural lands. The broad land
use pattern abutting the project highway is mainly residential, commercial, industrial
(MIDC area), agriculture and barren land. Land use pattern in influenced area in
Thane district is given in Table 4.3 below.
Table 4.3: Land Use Pattern in the influenced area
Land Use Pattern

S. No. Location
RHS LHS
1 0-5 km Non-agriculture commercial Non-agricultural
and residential land and MIDC commercial and
pipeline residential land
2 5-6.2 km Non-agriculture commercial Non-agriculture
and residential land commercial and
residential land and
MIDC pipe line and
private land
3 6.20-6.83 km Government and private non- Premier fiat factory
agriculture land land
4 6.83-11.9 km Commercial shop and Dombiwali
residence Industrial Area &
MIDC pipe line
5 11.9-13.4 km Commercial and residential - Shops and Slum area
slum and residential apartment of Ambedkar Nagar
and commercial shops
6 13.4-14.0 km Commercial and residential APMC yard
apartments
7 14.0 - 16.0 km Commercial complex and Commercial
shops complex and shops
8 16.0-16.7 km Ulhas River bridge and Ulhas River bridge
Junction and Junction
Page 4-9
S. No. Location Land Use Pattern

9 Commercial Area petrol Commercial Area
16.7 19.0 km pump, garages, showroom, etc. petrol pump,
garages, showroom,
etc.
10 Non-agriculture commercial Non-agriculture
19.0 - 21.0 km and residential plots and commercial and
apartments residential plots
apartments
Source: Survey by CEG Ltd.
Creek Commercial & Industrial area
Residential & Commercial (mix) Commercial Area
Page 4-10
Barren and residential stretch Plantation along the Road
Figure 4.5: Different type of Land Uses along the road
4.5 Hydrology of River Basin and Drainage Pattern

The project area is drained by the Ulhas river and crosses the project road at km
16+600. The Ulhas River originates in a valley north of the Rajmachi hills formed by
mountain streams draining the northern slope of those hills which are part of the
Sahyadri range of the Western Ghats in the Raigad district of Maharashtra.
The Ulhas river a perennial river, originates in the kakri bardi hills in Vindhya Range
north of Dhar, and flows towards north across the Malwa Plateau to join the Chambal
River.
4.5.1 Ground Water

The major groundwater use in this region is for irrigation and for domestic purposes.
The depth of the ground water table is 10-15m.
Rain water harvesting pits proposed along the project road for recharging the ground
water table will depend on the water table depth.
4.5.2.1 Water quality

In order to establish baseline conditions, three ground and two surface water
sampling stations were selected. The sampling locations were selected after the field
reconnaissance and a review of all the water bodies / resources in the influence area.
Samples were collected as per IS-2488 (Part I-V). Baseline information on the quality
of surface and ground water sources along the alignment of proposed road is required
before predictions can be made of the future quality.
Page 4-11
The site locations are indicated in Table 4.4 & 4.5 and are deemed representative of the
all sections of the proposed road. These samples have been analyzed for physical,
chemical and bacteriological parameters as per established standard methods and
procedures. The physico-chemical analysis results of the water samples are presented in
Table 4.6 & 4.7 The ground water analysis results reveal that the water quality is slightly
alkaline.
Table 4.4: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Locations
Location Type of
Name of Water body Coordinate
Code Water Body
GW1 Padalae Gaon Ground water 19 9'1.99"N&73 3'22.44"E
GW2 Near Durgadi Chauk Ground water 1914'46.23"N&73 7'8.39"E
GW3 Pimpalghar Ground water 1915'28.50"N&73 5'37.52"E
Table 4.5: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Locations
Name of Water Sample

Location
the Coordinates of the Location
Code Type Source
Location
SW1 Ulhas River Surface
1914'59.73"N &73 7'1.51"E River
Desai Creek 19 9'46.50"N & 73
SW2 Surface River
4'22.73"E
Table 4.6: Monitoring Results of Ground Water quality of the study area
S. No. Parameters GW1 GW2 GW3

1. pH 7.71 7.36 7.58
2 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
3. Colour (Hazen Unit) <5 <5 <5
4. Turbidity (NTU) <1 <1 <1
5. TDS (mg/l) 135 125 150
6. TSS(mg/l) 5 5 4
7. Conductance (S/cm) 200 180 150
Total Hardness as CaCO3
8. 63.8 53.6 46.5
(mg/l)
Page 4-12
9. Calcium as Ca+2 (mg/l) 17.5 15.6 11.6

Magnesium as
10. 4.8 3.5 4.2
Mg+2(mg/l)
11. Fluoride as F- (mg/l) 0.3 0.5 0.5
12. Chlorides (as Cl), mg/l 28.2 24.7 17.6
13. Nitrates (as NO3) mg/l 0.6 0.5 1.3
14. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/l) 7.0 7.8 5.1
15. Iron as Fe (mg/l) BDL (DL 0.1) BDL (DL 0.1) BDL (DL 0.1)
16. Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 49.8 52.3 50.8
17. Total Chromium(mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
18. Manganese as Mn (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
19. Lead as Pb (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
20. Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.5 BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
21. Cadmium as Cd (mg/l) BDL(DL0.001) BDL(DL0.001) BDL(DL0.001)
22. Mercury as Hg (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
BDL(DL BDL(DL
23. Cyanide as CN (mg/l) BDL(DL 0.008)
0.008) 0.008)
24. Arsenic (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
Source: Baseline Monitoring (April-June, 2016) by CEG Test House And Research
Centre
The result of all three ground water samples are found within the permissible limit as
per IS: 10500:2012
Table 4.7: Monitoring Results of Surface Water quality of the study area
Water Sampling Location
S.
Parameters
NO. SW1 SW2
1. pH (at 25 0C) 7.63 7.65

2. Colour <5 <5
3. COD (mg/l) 2400 296
BOD (3 Days at 27 0C)
4. 533.52 56.16
(mg/l)
5. Oil & Grease BDL(DL0.05) BDL(DL0.05)
6. Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.14 0.13
7. Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) 135 82
Page 4-13
Water Sampling Location

S.
Parameters
NO. SW1 SW2
8. Total
T Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 10452 13793
9. Conductivity (Siemens/cm) 18230 24300
10. Salinity (ppt) >5 >5
11. Dissolved
D Oxygen 5.1 4.5
Total Hardness as CaCO3
12. 921.9 860.6
(mg/l)
13. Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 225.6 218.9
14. Alkalinity as CaCO3, (mg/l) 1053 1256
15. Residual free Chlorine (mg/l) BDL(DL0.05) BDL(DL0.05)
16. Chloride as Cl (mg/l) 8582.7 12613

17. Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 85.9 75.2
18. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/l) 807 1631
19. Fluoride as F (mg/l) 0.5 0.2
20. Nitrate as NO3 (mg/l) 0.6 0.6
21. Anionic Surfactants (mg/l) BDL(DL0.05) BDL(DL0.05)
22. Phenolic Compounds (mg/l) BDL(DL0.001) BDL(DL0.001)
23. Zinc as Zn (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
24. Copper as Cu (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
25. Mercury as Hg (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
26. Arsenic as As (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
27. Cyanide as CN (mg/l) BDL(DL 0.008) BDL(DL 0.008)
28. Lead as Pb (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
29. Boron as B (mg/l) BDL(DL0.1) BDL(DL0.1)
30. Manganese as Mn (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
31. Aluminium as Al (mg/l) BDL(DL0.01) BDL(DL0.01)
32. Phosphate (mg/l) BDL(DL0.5) BDL(DL0.5)
33. Sodium as Na (mg/l) 85.3 102.5
34. Potassium as K (mg/l) 1.9 2.2
35. Nickel (mg/l) BDL(DL0.005) BDL(DL0.005)
36. Total Coliform (MPN/100ml) 500 1600
E.Coli(MPN/100ml) 140 220

37.
Page 4-14
pH of the water samples varies from 6.63 to 7.65 which is slightly alkaline in
nature. Almost all parameters like TDS, Conductivity, DO, BOD, COD etc. are
found higher than the permissible limit and it is not suitable for domestic purposes.
Also the salinity level of both water bodies is more than 5 ppt as Desai Creek under
the CRZ regulation act. Also, there are higher human activities and a dumpsite is
located on the bank of Ulhas river.
4.6 Meteorology
The project influence area has a tropical monsoon climate with three distinct seasons
winters, summer and monsoon.
4.6.1 Temperature
The region has large seasonal temperature variations. During winter
season (November - February), the average minimum temperature is around 19C
(Table 4.8). During the summer, (March - June), the average maximum temperature
is around 38C (Table 4.8) it is observed that January is the coldest month and
March to May is the hottest month of the year.
Table 4.8: Average Monthly Maximum and Minimum Data
Temperature (C) Relative Humidity (%)

Month
Max Min Max Min
January 35 19 88 15
February 34 20 89 15
March 38 24 89 17
April 38 26 89 21
May 38 28 84 47
June 35 24 100 49
July 33 25 100 63
August 31 25 100 62
September 37 25 94 39
October 37 25 94 32
November 37 24 89 19
December 36 19 79 14
Source: www.timeanddata.com
4.6.2 Relative Humidity

Maximum humidity of 100% was observed in June to August and Minimum about
14% was observed in the month of December refer Table 4.7.
4.6.3 Rainfall in project Districts

The average annual rainfall in the district is 2293.4 mm. The rainfall in the district
increases from the coastal areas to the interior. The rainfall during the southwest
monsoon season, June to September, constitutes about 94% of the annual rainfall. July
Page 4-15
is the wettest month with a rainfall of about 40% of the annual total. The variation in
the annual rainfall from year to year in the district is not large. The highest rainfall
recorded in 24 hours at any station in the district was 481.1 mm.
4.6.4 Wind Speed

The wind speeds recorded by India meteorological Department at its meteorological
stations in project influence area is given in Table 4.9.
Table 4.9: Mean Wind speed and Direction of Project Area
Months Wind Speed (Km/h) Wind direction
January 3.84 NS
February 4.66 EW
March 5.10 EW
April 5.62 NS
May 5.67 NE
Jun 5.64 NS
July 6.46 NE
August 5.84 NNE -SSE
September 4.05 NNE -SSE
October 3.48 NNE -SSE
November 3.41 ENE-SSW
December 3.45 ENE-SSW
4.7 Ambient Air Quality of the Project Influence Area

The major source of Air pollution is industries located in Dombivali area and the
traffic flow along the stretch is expected to have some impact on air quality. The air
quality status near the project corridor is presented in Table 4.11, which is the ambient
air quality data at project monitoring locations.
Ambient air quality has been conducted during April to June, 2016 at Five (5)
locations along the project road alignments, which are truly representative of the area.
Ambient air quality monitoring locations are shown in Table 4.10
Table 4.10: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Station Location
Location Name Coordinate
Code description
AAQ1 Padalae Gaon 19 9'1.99"N &73 3'22.44"E Industrial
AAQ2 Katai Naka 1910'20.90"N & 73 4'59.14"E Commercial
AAQ3 Netivali 1913'37.16"N & 73 7'25.91"E Residential &

Commercial
Page 4-16
Station Location
Location Name Coordinate
Code description
AAQ4 Durgadi Chauk 1914'47.38"N& 73 7'10.73"E Commercial
AAQ5 Pimpalghar Near 1915'28.50"N &73 5'37.52"E Residential &

Pranayu Hospital Commercial
The ambient air quality monitoring results and National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) are presented in Table 4.11 & Table 4.12
It may be observed from Table 4.11 below that the levels of PM10 are within the
permissible limits except at Padalae gaon and Pimpalghar. The levels of PM2.5 are
within the permissible limits except at Padalae gaon. The SOx and NOx levels at all
locations are slightly higher but within the limits.
Plantation will be done and those plants and trees will be included which absorbs the
air pollutants.
Table 4.11: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Result
Station Location Parameters

Code Name PM10 PM2.5 NO2 SO2
Min 82.2 42.9 58.5 19.8
134.6 67.5 72.8 26.2

Max
AAQ1 Padalae
Gaon 114.9 55.2 64.6 23.3
Avg.
98 Percentile 131.5 66.1 71.8 26.0
Min 49.3 23.7 25.3 21.5
81.2 40.6 57.0 46.4

Max
AAQ2 Katai Naka
Avg. 70.6 34.4 35.2 28.2
98 Percentile 80.4 40.6 54.9 44.1
52.8 32.0 28.0 26.3

Min
AAQ3 Netivali 79.7 40.8 44.1 50.9
Max
Avg. 70.7 36.7 36.2 30.9
Page 4-17
Station Location Parameters

Code Name PM10 PM2.5 NO2 SO2
98 Percentile 78.7 40.6 43.0 49.5
60.3 27.7 28.0 25.0

Min
Durgadi 82.9 41.2 45.2 51.8

Max
AAQ4
Chauk 73.4 34.6 37.0 31.3
Avg.
98 Percentile 81.8 41.2 43.9 50.0
67.5 33.7 34.8 21.5

Pimpalghar Min
Near Max 106.5 48.1 42.2 32.8

AAQ5
Pranayu 80.2 39.0 38.5 27.8
Avg
Hospital
98 Percentile 104.9 47.4 41.4 32.8
Page 4-18
Table 4.12: National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Pollutant Time Weighted Concentration in Ambient Air

Average (g/m3)
Industrial, Ecologically
Residential, Rural Sensitive
and Others
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Annual 50 20
Average*
24 hr** 80 80
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Annual 40 30
Average*
24 hr** 80 80
PM10 Annual 60 60
Average*
24 hr** 100 100
PM2.5 Annual 40 40
Average*
24 hr** 60 60
Carbon monoxide 8 hr 02 02
mg/m3 1 hr 04 04
*Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken for a
week 24 hourly at uniform interval.
** 24 hourly / 8 hourly values should meet 98 percent of the time in a year
4.8 Noise
Noise attributed to roads depends on factors such as traffic intensity, the type and
condition of the vehicles plying on the road, acceleration/deceleration/gear changes
by the vehicles depending on the level of congestion and smoothness of road surface
(IRC: 104-1988). High noise levels are a concern for sensitive receptors, i.e. hospitals,
educational institutions, etc.
Locations for noise monitoring along the project road were identified based on the
criteria same as those used for air monitoring but the relative importance of each
criterion carries a weightage in arriving at the final set of locations. In case of noise
monitoring locations, sensitive location such as schools, hospitals and religious places
gain more importance due to ill effects of noise. While selecting the noise locations
all project influence area have been considered. Noise monitoring locations are shown
in Table 4.13 and monitoring results are presented in Table 4.14 below. The noise
levels were monitored with Digital Noise Meter (SLN: 100).
Page 4-19
Table 4.13: List of Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Stations
S. Location Monitoring
Co-ordinate Category of Area
NO. Code Locations
19 9'1.99"N & 73
1 N1 Padalae Gaon Industrial
3'22.44"E
1910'20.90"N & 73 Commercial
2 N2 Katai Naka
4'59.14"E
Residential &
1913'37.16"N & 73
3 N3 Netivali Commercial
7'25.91"E
1914'47.38"N & 73 Commercial
4 N4 Durgadi Chauk
7'10.73"E
Pimpalghar
Commercial &
Near 1915'28.50"N & 73
5 N5 Silence
Pranayu 5'37.52"E
Hospital
Table 4.14: Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Result
NOISE LEVEL Leq. dB (A)
Location Day time {dB (A)}
LOCATIONS Night time {dB (A)}
code (6:00 a.m. to 10:00
(10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.)
p.m.)
N1 Padalae Gaon 69.8 54.2
N2 Katai Naka 68.1 53.9
N3 Netivali 61.2 52.3
N4 Durgadi Chauk 60.6 53.5
Pimpalghar Near
N5 58.0 52.2
Pranayu Hospital
Source: Baseline Monitoring (April to June 2016) by CEG Test House And Research
Centre
An analysis of results indicates that the night time noise levels were lower than the
corresponding day time levels. At Pimpalghar Near Pranayu Hospital and Katai Naka,
noise level in day and night time was found higher than ambient noise standards. On
the sensitive receptor locations noise barrier will be implanted to reduce noise level.
The Central Pollution Control Board has specified ambient noise levels for day and
night times and these are given below in Table 4.16 below. Importance was given to
the timing of exposure and areas designated as sensitive.
Page 4-20
Table 4.15: Noise level National Standards for different category of areas.
Area Code Category of Area Limits in dB (A) Leq.
Daytime Nighttime
A Industrial 75 70
B Commercial 65 55
C Residential 55 45
D Silence 50 40
Source: Noise pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000

Note-1 Day time is reckoned in between 6 AM to 10 PM
Note-2 Night time is reckoned in between 10 PM to 6 AM
Note-3 Silence zone is defined as areas up to 100 meters around such as premises as
hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be declared by
the Competent Authority.
Note-4 Mixed categories of areas should be declared as one of the four above
mentioned categories, by the Competent Authority and the corresponding standard
shall apply.
4.9 Biological Environment
4.9.1 Forest
There are no reserve forest areas along the project road. There is only road side
plantation.
4.9.2 Flora
The different types of floral species (available along the road corridor) are listed in
Table 4.16
Table 4.16: Floral Species in the Project Influence Area
S. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family

1 Acacia nilotica Kikar Mimoseae
2 Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae
3 Eucalyptus hybrid Nilgiri Myrtaceae
4 Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae
5 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae
6 Pongamia pinnata Karanj Fabaceae
Page 4-21
S. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family

7 Prospis juliflora Vilayti Babul Mimoseae
8 Prunus dulcis Badam Rosaceae
Tabernaemontana
9 Chandani Apocynaceae
divaricata
10 Dalbergia sissoo Sheesham Fabaceae
11 Albizia lebbeck Siris Fabaceae
12 Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae
14 Eucalyptus spp. Safeda Myrtaceae
15 Manilkara zapota Chikoo Sapotaceae
16 Arecaceae Palm Tree Arecaceae
17 Ficus bengalencis Bad Moraceae
18 Phanera variegata Kachnar Fabaceae
19 Saraca asoca Ashok Fabaceae
20 Aquilaria malaccensis Agar Tree Thymelaeaceae
21 Carica papaya Papaya Caricaceae
22 Tamarindus indica Imli Fabaceae
The common trees found are mixed in nature. Some are fruit bearing; others are
used for fodder and timber purposes. Some of the tree is medicinal plant. There
are no threatened species in the core and buffer area.
4.9.3 Trees along the Road

Survey of the Trees has been conducted and detail of Trees within ROW is given in
Table 4.17. It is found that there are approximately 1835 trees along the road that
may be affected due to the project. Exact number of tree to be cut will be based upon
the finalization of design of road and structures.
Table 4.17: Trees along the Road
Sr.
RHS LHS
No.
1 0-0.30 183 0-0.30 155
2 0.30-0.60 217 0.30-0.60 187
3 0.60-0.90 188 0.60-0.90 197
4 0.90-1.20 127 0.90-1.20 147
Page 4-22
Sr.
RHS LHS
No.
5 Above 1.20 182 Above 1.20 152
6 Others 36 Others 64
Total 933 Total 902
It is found commonly that girth size of the trees varies between 0-30 cm, 30-60
cm, 60 to 90 cm and above 120 cm. The common trees found along the road are
Babool, Peepal, Imli, Chandni, Jamun, Palm, Ashok, Neem, Eucalyptus, Karanj,
Siris etc.
Figure 4.6: Trees along the Road
4.9.4 Fauna
List of fauna dwelling in the area is given in Table 4.18-4.20:
A) Invertebrates.
Table 4.18: Spiders and Common Insects in the Study Area
Sr. No. Common Name Scientific Name
Spiders
1. Orb weaver Neoscona sp.
2. Ground spider Drassodes sp.
Insects
1 Housefly Musca domestica
2 Mosquito Anopheles sp.
3 Black Ant Canponotus compressus
4 Red Ant Oecophylia smargdina
5 Wasp Vespa sp.
6 Grasshopper Orthopteran Sp.
Table 4.19: Butterfly of the Study Area

Sr. No. Family Scientific name Common name
1. Pieridae Eurema hecabe Common Grass yellow
Page 4-23
2. Pieridae Catopsilia crocale Common Emigrant
B) Vertebrate Fauna:
Table 4.20: Fauna recorded within Study Area of proposed project

S.No. Family Common Name Scientific Name
Mammals
Direct Sightings
1 Soricidae House Shrew Suncus murinus
Five-Striped Palm Squirrel
2 Scuiridae Funambulus pennantii
(Gilhri)
3 Muridae House Rat Rattus rattus
4 Muridae Brown Rat Rattus norvegicus
5 Muridae House Mouse Mus musculus
6 Muridae Little Indian Field Mouse Mus booduga
7 Canidae Dog Canis lupus familiaris
8 Felidae Cat Felis catus
9 Bovidae Cow Bos taurus
Reptiles
1 Agamidae Indian Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor
2 Gekkonidae Northern House Gecko Hemidactylus flaviviridis
3 Lacertidae Indian Fringed-toed Lizard Acanthodactylus cantoris
4 Scincidae Keeled Grass Skink Mabuya carinata
5 Scincidae Bronze Grass Skink Mabuya macularia
6 Boidae Russells Earth Boa Eryx conicus
7 Colubridae Common Ratsnake Ptyas mucosus
8 Colubridae Checkered Keelback Xenochropis piscator
4.10 Socio-Economic Details of the area
4.10.1 Educational Institutes

No educational institute is falling within the RoW of project road alignment.
4.10.2 Archaeological Protected Monuments

There are no archeological monuments within Right Way (RoW) of proposed project
alignment.
4.10.3 Demographic Profile

Total population of District Thane as per 2011 census is 11,060,148 of which male
and female are 5,865,078 and 5,195,070 respectively. Kalyan had population of
1,565,417 of which male and female were 8, 20,492 and 7, 44,925 respectively.
Bhiwandi had population of 1,141,386 of which male were 6, 53,758 and 4, 87,628
were females. Table 4.21 show the demography of Project Influenced Area in 2011.
Table 4.21: Demography of Project Towns and District
Page 4-24
Particulars Kalyan Bhiwandi Thane District
Area 137.15 km2 42.47 km2 4,214 km2

Population 1,565,417 1,141,386 11,060,148
Population density per 11413 26,871 1157
sq. km.
Male 8,20,492 6,53,758 5,865,078
Female 7,44,925 4,87,628 5,195,070
Sex Ratio 908 746 886
In the age group of 0- 1,62,318 1,50,767 1,327,146
6 years
Literacy Rate 80.93% 68.83% 74.38%
Male Literacy 83.49% 73.20% 78.28%
Female Literacy 78.11% 62.98% 69.98%
Scheduled Caste 9.69% 3.75% 6.60%
Population (%)
Scheduled Tribe 3.48% 8.12% 13.95%
Population (%)
Main working 35.10% 37.15% 35.53%
population (in %)
Marginal working 2.84% 4.66% 5.10%
population (in %)
Non-workers (in %) 62.05% 58.18% 59.38%
Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011
4.10.3.1Gender and Gender Ratio

The sex ratio among the project-affected areas is not good in comparison to national
ratio. The Sex ratio of the affected areas is shown below in Table 4.22.
Table 4.22: Sex Ratio of Affected Areas
Sex Ratio (F:M) per

Area Population Male Female
thousand
Thane District 11,060,148 5,865,078 5,195,070 886
Bhiwandi 1,141,386 6,53,758 4,87,628 746
Kalyan 1,565,417 8,20,492 7,44,925 908
Page 4-25
Source: Survey by CEG, Ltd
Figure 4.7: Sex Ratio of Affected Population
4.10.3.2Indigenous People and other Social Vulnerabilities

This project will affect very few of scheduled castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes
(STs) as there are a few SCs & STs in the affected areas. However, efforts have
been made to identify critical social issues such as indigenous/tribal people, gender
impacts, use of child labor, the very poor (i.e., those below the poverty line), and
HIV/AIDS and health associated with project impacts. This chapter examines the
issues from social safeguard considerations to develop specific mitigation measures.
Since there is weaker section of people to be affected directly by the project, these
issues need to be addressed in the resettlement plan. In order to guide that mitigation
measures, special attention will be paid to the vulnerable people. An Indigenous
Peoples Development Framework (IPDF) which will serve as a guideline to manage
the IP issues if comes in the future.
4.10.3.3Education Level
Since the literacy rate of Thane district is considerably good at 74.38%. It is
understood that of the population is literate. Table 4.23 shows the education level
of the project areas
Table 4.23: Educational Level of the Project Affected Areas
Male Females literates

Area Population Literates literates
Thane District 11,060,148 74.38% 78.28% 69.98%
Bhiwandi 1,141,386 68.83% 73.20% 62.98%
Kalyan 1,565,417 80.93% 83.49% 78.11%
Source: Survey by CEG Ltd.
Page 4-26
Figure 4.8: Educational Level of Affected Population
4.10.3.4Occupational Background
Total workers in Thane district are 4492767, in Bhiwandi 477272 and in Kalyan are
593979 out of which main workers, marginal workers and Non workers population
status is shown below in Table 4.24.
Table 4.24: Working and Non Working People in the Affected Towns
Marginal
Area Main Worker Non Worker
Worker
35.10% 2.84% 62.05%
Thane District
37.15% 4.66% 58.18%
Bhiwandi
35.53% 5.10% 59.38%
Kalyan
Source: Survey by CEG Ltd and Census of India, 2011
Figure 4.9: Occupational background of Affected Towns
Page 4-27
4.10.3.5Affected Structures by the project

Various structures were enumerated along the path. Approximate 718 structures will
be affected by the project. Table 4.25 shows the number of structures that are affected
throughout the project area.
Table 4.25: Approximate assessment of Loss of Structures
Source: Survey by CEG, Ltd.,
4.10.3.6Project Affected Families

Estimation of Project affected Families due to project are given below in table-4.26
Table 4.26: Project Affected Families
Particulars Nos.
Structures and Hut 280
Stalls, Shops and Sheds 198
Other structures 205
Total 683
The proposed Shilphata-Bhiwandi Road project impacts include loss of land

(Residential and commercial), Structures (Residential, commercial and Community),
income and livelihood (owners, tenants, encroachers and squatters) and religious and
cultural sites. Major impacts of the project include loss of Residential and commercial
land due to acquisition along the road.
Page 4-28
CHAPTER 5
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT &
MITIGATION MEASURES
CHAPTER 5
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT &
MITIGATION MEASURES
5.1 General
This chapter describes the assessment of the nature, type and magnitude of the
potential impacts of project corridor on physical, biological and cultural
environmental components along the project corridor. The basis of the assessment of
impacts is the baseline information as discussed in Chapter-4, For each type of
potential impact or environmental concern, the analysis should predict the nature and
significance of the expected impacts (quantitative as well as qualitative).
A wide variety of direct and indirect negative impacts have been attributed to road
and road construction or improvement projects. Though sharing a common concern
over most environmental attributes, depending on their past experience in various
projects, different agencies tend to lay varying emphasis on different biophysical and
socio-environmental components and issues.
5.2 Basic Approach
Potential significant impacts that need further study were identified on the basis of
analytical review of baseline data, review of environmental conditions at site,
analytical review of the underlying socio-economic conditions with the project
influence area.
Since the project road, the impacts identified are mostly direct and confined to the
ROW. Only at critical locations, where the engineering, environmental and social
aspects have warranted a shift from the existing alignment, bypasses / realignments
have been proposed. To effectively voice the potential environmental issues likely to
result due to the project, an in-depth analysis of the status of the existing environment
has been carried out to identify the potential impacts - both beneficial as well as
adverse.
Overall, it is found that the proposed project road will result in some adverse impacts
to the physical, biological and socio-economic environment of the project. It needs to
be mitigated by adopting appropriate mitigation measures in the design, construction
and operation phase. Net environmental impacts will be insignificant and of short
term in nature by observing proposed mitigation measures.
As further discussed below, the long-term impact is mainly beneficial. However in

short-term i.e. during the construction phase, there might arise some negative
environmental impacts that can be kept under check through proper planning and

adopting regulatory measures. The impacts on the various environmental components

can occur at any of the following stages of the project planning and implementation.
Planning and design stage;
Construction stage; and
Operation stage.
The description and magnitude of impacts for the various environmental components
as visualized leads to the following observations:

Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll EIA/EMP Report
Plaza) and construction of Six lanes road in Between 0/000 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
5.3 IMPACTS UPON ON ENVIRONMENT

Table 5.1: Impacts on Physical and Biological Environment
Planning Indirect effects
Project and of operation or
Pre-construction Phase Construction Phase Operation
Activity Design Induced
Phase development
Env. Vehicle &
Earth works Concrete & Sanitation
compone Land Removal of Removal of trees Laying of Machine
including crusher & Waste Project operation
nt acquisition Structures and vegetation pavement operation
quarrying plants
Affected & maintenance
Dust Reduced buffering
Noise, soot,
generation of air and noise Asphalt Noise, dust, Odour / Noise, dust,
Air Dust generation odour, dust, other pollution
during pollution, Hotter, odour pollution smoke pollution
pollution
dismantling drier microclimate
Contamination Contaminat Spill from
Loss of Generation Contamination Change in
Erosion and loss Erosion and loss of by fuel and ion accidents
Land productive of Compaction of cropping
of top soil top soil lubricants from Deposition
Land debris soil pattern
Compaction wastes of lead
Alteration ofdrainage Reduction Contaminat
Siltation in Spill Increased
Loss of Break in continuity of ground Contamination Contamination ion
river due Siltation due to Contamination contamination
Water water of Ditches Siltation, water by fuel and by leakage or from
to loose loose earth by fuel, of
sources Stagnant water pools recharge lubricants fuel wastes
earth lubricants ground water
in quarries. area Overuse
Noise Noise Pollution Noise
Noise Noise Pollution Noise pollution Noise Pollution Noise pollution
Pollution due to machinery Pollution
Impact of pollution
Lowered Lower
Felling on vegetation
Loss of productivity Removal of productivity
Flora trees Lowered
Biomass Loss of ground for vegetation Use as fuel
for fuel productivityToxicit
vegetation wood
y of vegetation.
Disturbanc
Collision with
Fauna e Habitat Disturbance Disturbance Disturbance Disturbance Poaching Distorted habitat
traffic
loss

Table 5.2: Impacts on Cultural and Socioeconomic Environment

Indirect
Planning
effects
Project and Operatio
Pre-construction Phase Construction Phase of operation
Activity Design n
or Induced
Phase
development
Design
Vehicle &
Env. decisions Earth Layi
Land Removal of machine Asphalt and
Compon & Removal of works ng of Project
acquisi trees & operation crusher -
ent Implement Structures including pave operation
tion vegetation & plants
Affected ation quarrying ment
maintenance
policies
Dust on
Change
Agricult Loss of land Loss of agricultural Conversion of
in Loss of
ural - economic productive - - land Agricultural
land standing crops
land value land reduce n Land
prices
productivity
Noise,
Loss of Dust
Building vibration Noise,
structures, accumulation Change in
s may vibration
Debri on Vibration building use
and built - - - cause may cause
generation, building and and noise and
structure damage damage
Noise and Air structure characteristics
s to to structures
pollution -
structures

Indirect
Planning
effects
Project and Operatio
Pre-construction Phase Construction Phase of operation
Activity Design n
or Induced
Phase
development
Displacement Loss of shade
Noise and Air Air
of & community Comm
pollution, and
People Anxiety people trees, Loss of unity Noise Noise
Noise and Odou Collision noise
and and fear Psychological fuel wood and clashes pollution, pollution,
Air r and with polluti
Commun among impact on fodder, Loss with Risk of Risk of
pollution dust pedestrians on and
ity community people of income migran accident accident
livestock and disco
loss of t labour
vehicles mfort
livelihood
Noise,
Damage
Displacement vibration
Damage from Dust from
Cultural loss of Loss of sacred May cause
- - vibration & air accum - vibration -
Assets structure trees. damage
pollution ulation & air
from RoW to
pollution
structure
Dust
Pressur
Utilities accum
Interrup Damage to e on
and ulation
- tion in utility existin
Amenitie On
supply and amenities g
s- water
amenities
bodies
Impact Increas
Asph
Increase of Collisions with on e in Collisions
Labours alt
stagnant vehicles, health commu Pedestrian
Health & odour
water and pedestrians due to nicable s&
Safety and
disease & livestock inhale disease livestock
dust
of dust s


5.4 Mitigation And Enhancement Measures

A brief description of the mitigation measures opted and designed for the project is
discussed in this Chapter.
The chapter also refers to the additional measures to be taken during the execution of
the project for the benefit of the road users and the surrounding communities. This
does not include several other enhancements that occur inherently because of the
nature of the project such as improved drainage, pedestrian facilities, illumination in
urban stretches, prevention of existing erosion, overtopping and flooding etc.
Basic Approach
To minimize the adverse impacts of the project, mitigation measures have been
formulated and will be implemented during the project implementation. The
mitigation measures would be directed towards the restoration of the dynamic balance
of nature.
The mitigation of negative impacts involves reduction in magnitude of the adverse
impacts during various stages of the project through:
Alterations during design, site clearance, Construction and Operation phases

of the road project to avoid adverse impacts, and
Additional mitigation measures for unavoidable negative impacts on the

environmental components.
The adverse impacts of the project on the surrounding environment are described in
the following section.
Mitigation measure for Air Environment
Attenuation of pollution on pathway or protection of receptor through green
belts.
Particulate removal devices such as: cyclones, setting chambers, scrubbers,

electrostatic precipitators, and bag houses
Gas removal devices using absorption (liquid as a media), adsorption (molecular

sieve), and catalytic converters.
Uses of protected, controlled environment, such as oxygen masks, Houston

Astrodome, etc.
Control of stationary source emission (including evaporation, incineration,

absorption, condensation, and material substitution)
Use of masks

Dilution of odorants (dilution can change the nature as well as strength of an

odour)
Odour counteraction or neutralise (Certain pairs of odours in appropriate

concentrations may neutralise each other)
Odour masking or blanketing (certain weaker malodours may be suppressed by

a considerably stronger good odour).
Mitigation measure for Noise Environment
The noise levels in the project area during the construction stage will be increased due
to many construction activities and construction equipments. Typical noise levels
associated with the various construction activities and construction equipments are
presented in Annexure 5A. Proper Mitigation are given below
The mitigation measures may include damping, absorption, dissipation, and
deflection methods. Common techniques involve constructing sound enclosures,
applying mufflers, mounting noise sources on isolators, and/or using materials
with damping properties.
Performance specifications for noise represent a way to insure the procured item
is controlled.
Protective devices should be used. When an individual is exposed to steady
noise levels above 85-dB (A), in spite of the efforts made to reduce noise level
at the source, hearing conservation measures should be initiated.
Mitigation measure for Water Environment
Conjunctive use of ground/surface water, to prevent flooding/water
logging/depletion of water resources.
Minimise flow variation from the mean flow
Segregation of different types of wastes
Storing of oil wastes in lagoons should be minimised in order to avoid possible
contamination of the ground water system.
Surface runoff from oil handling areas should be treated for oil separation before
discharge into the environment. If oil wastes are combined with sanitary sewage,
oil separation will be necessary at the wastewater treatment facility.
All effluents containing acid/alkali/organic/toxic wastes should be processed by
treatment methods.
The treatment methods may include biological or chemical processes.
The impact due to suspended solids may be minimised by controlling discharge
of wastes that contain suspended solids; this includes sanitary sewage and
industrial wastes.

Also, all activity that increases erosion or contributes nutrients to water (thus
stimulating alga growth) should be minimised.
For wastes containing high TDS treatment methods include removal of liquid
and disposal of residue by controlled land filling to avoid any possible leaching
of the fills.
All surface runoffs around mines or quarries should be collected treated and
disposed.
Mitigation measure for Land Environment
The environmental impact of soil erosion can best be mitigated by removing
vegetative cover only from the specific site on which construction is to take
place and by disturbing the vegetation in adjacent areas as little as possible.
Land clearing activities should be kept to the absolute minimum and use crushed
stone rather than asphalt or concrete for surfacing parking areas should be
attempted.
Disturbing the existing vegetation and natural contour of the land as little as
possible can mitigate change in surface runoff pattern. Vegetation along
watercourses should not be cleared indiscriminately. Neither should potholes or
swamps be drained unless absolutely necessary for successful completion of the
activity.
Construction, land management, or mining activities that result in the soil being
laid bare could be scheduled in such a way that some type of vegetative cover
appropriate to the site could be established prior to the onset of intense rain or
windstorms. If grass is to be seeded, mulch of straw will help to protect the soil
from less extreme erosive forces until vegetative and root development begins.
Natural drainage patterns can often be maintained by preparing sodden

waterways or installing culverts.
Check dams built near construction sites can reduce the quantity of eroded soil
particles reaching free-flowing streams or lakes.
All forms of temporary structures should be avoided from the flood plain, and
all permanent structures should be raised to a height above the level which flood
waters can be expected to reach once every 100 years (100-year flood).
Installation of underground drainage structures helps to reduce sediment loads
Engineering plans can be drawn to reduce the area of earth cuts on fills below
what might otherwise be acceptable, provide physical support for exposed soil
or rock faces, concentrate or distribute as appropriate the weight loading of
foundations to areas or state better able to support that weight,

use small charges for mining/blasting,
restricting the number, frequency and area of movement of heavy machinery
Compatibility between adjacent land uses can best be assured by providing a

green belt between the proposed activity and nearby properties where any
significant degree of incompatibility is likely to result.
Mitigation measure for Ecological Environment
Intruding as little as possible on their habitat can best mitigate the impact of
development activities on animals. If such animals use the area where the
activity will take place, the activity should be concentrated to the maximum
extent possible in those parts of the area that they least often frequent.
During the planning phase of an activity, an attempt should be made to avoid

extending into the home range wild animals. If this is not feasible, the activity
should be completed, as quickly as possible, and regular and sustained use of the
area over time should be minimized.
Regular or sustained intrusions of men or equipment into nesting areas of birds

should be avoided to the maximum possible extent, especially while eggs are
being incubated by the adults and until the young have left the nest. The
sanitation cuttings of non-commercial individual trees should destroy no known
nests.
Restricting the input of polluting substances into watercourses, estuaries, and the
open sea can mitigate Impacts upon fish and shellfish populations. Additionally,
when a part of the activity involves water level control, changes in such levels
should be programmed to the extent it is possible to do so in a way that will
minimally disturb nesting and feeding habitat.
Mitigation measure for Socio-economic Aspects
Including, in the proposed activity funds, a welfare plan that would permit
assistance for those people who would be impacted might reduce some adverse
impacts. For example, when a number of jobs are to be disbanded, a service
could be set up in which those people who would be without jobs could obtain
assistance in locating jobs in other areas.
In problems caused by relocation, effective rehabilitation and resettlement

schemes may be drawn.

MITIGATION MEASURE FOR BORROW AREAS

Embankment fill material is to be procured from borrow areas designated for the
purpose. Borrow areas cause significant adverse environmental impacts if appropriate
mitigation measures are not taken. The scope of this guideline includes measures
that are required during project planning and design stage, preconstruction,
construction stage and post construction stage. Borrow areas are related only to
road construction activities.
a) Project planning and design stage
Design measures for reduction in the quantity of the earthwork will have to be
undertaken to reduce the quantity of material extracted and consequently decrease the
borrow area requirement. Borrow area siting should be in compliance with IRC: 10-
1961. The DPR shall contain (i) Guidelines for locating site of borrow areas (ii) The
arrangements to be worked out with the land owner/community for the site and (iii)
Sample designs for redevelopment of borrow areas.
b) Pre-construction stage
The contractor shall identify the borrow area locations in consultation with the
individual owners in case of private lands and the concerned department in case of
government lands, after assessing suitability of material. The suitable sites shall be
selected and finalized in consultation with the PIC. Borrowing to be avoided on the
following areas:
Lands close to toe line
Irrigated agricultural lands (In case of necessity for borrowing from such
lands, the topsoil shall be preserved in stockpiles. The subsequent
Guidelines discuss in detail the conservation of topsoil.
Grazing land.
Lands within 0.8 km of settlements.
Environmentally sensitive areas such as Reserve Forests, Protected Forests,
Sanctuary, wetlands. Also, a distance of 500 m should be maintained from such areas.
Designated protected areas / forests.
Unstable side-hills.
Water-bodies
Streams and seepage areas.
Areas supporting rare plant/ animal species;

Ensure unsuitable soft rock is not prominent within the proposed depth of excavation
which will render rehabilitation difficult.
Arrangements for Borrow Area
The Contractor will work out arrangements for borrowing with the land
owner/concerned department. The arrangements will include the redevelopment after
completion of borrowing. The arrangements will be verified by the IC/GS to enable
redressal of grievances at a later stage of the project. The Engineer of IC shall approve
the borrow area after inspection of the site to verify the reclamation plan and its
suitability with the contractor and landowner. The contractor shall commence
borrowing soil only after the approval by the IC. The contractor shall submit to the IC
the following before beginning work on the borrow areas.
Written No-objection certificate of the owner/cultivator;
Estimate extent of earth requires;
Extent of land required and duration of the agreement;
Photograph of the site in original condition; and
The depth of excavation should be decided based on natural ground level of

the land and the surroundings, and rehabilitation plan. In case higher depth of
excavation is agreed with backfilling by unsuitable excavated soil from
roadway), then filling should be adequately compacted except topsoil, which
is to be spread on the top most layer (for at least 15 cm thick).
The guidelines for location, depth, size and shape of the borrow areas are available in
the following:
Clause 305.2.2.2 of MoRTH specification for roads and bridge works of IRC;
Guidelines for environmental impact assessment of highway projects, Indian

Roads Congress, 1989: (IRC: 104-1988);
IRC: 10-1961-Recommended practice for borrow pits for road embankments

constructed by manual operations, as revised in 1989;
IRC SP: 58-2001 guideline for use of fly ash in road construction;
EIA manual of MoEF, 2009;
MoEF notification on utilisation of fly ash dated 27 August, 2005.

Redevelopment Plans for Borrow Pits
The following checklist provides guidelines in order to ensure that redevelopment of
borrow areas must comply with MoRTH, clause 305.2.2.2 and EMP requirement.

Borrow areas can be developed as:
Ponds (various types) (eg: Drinking Water only; Washing and for other
Domestic Chores; Only for Cattle; Mixed Uses etc.) (a large pond can be
divided into two parts - each having a defined use)
Water Recharging Zones
Pastureland
Waste disposal Sites (depending upon the location, distance from settlements,
pollution risks, safety, associated environmental risks and hazards,
regulations/ permissions of appropriate authority and other such factors)
Plantation Zones
Recreational Zones (depending upon location, size, potential of the site,

willingness of the local bodies to develop it)
Wildlife Refuge and Drinking Area (applicable only in case of sensitive

environs with appropriate planning and understanding including
regulation of depth for safety of animals etc.)
The rehabilitation measures for the borrow areas shall be dependent on the following
factors:
Land use objectives and agreed post-borrowing activities;
Physical aspects (landform stability, erosion, re-establishment of drainage);
Biological aspects (species richness, plant density,) for areas of native re
vegetation;
Water quality and soil standards; and
Public safety issues.
Rehabilitation should be simple and maintenance free. Depending on the choice of the
individual land owner/community, the contractor shall prepare redevelopment plans
for the borrow areas. The options can be: (i) Restoring the productive use of the land
(ii) Development of detention ponds in barren areas.
Option I: Suitable in locations with high rainfall and productive areas. Topsoil must
be placed, seeded, and mulched within 30 days of final grading if it is within a current
growing season or within 30 days of the start of the next growing season. Vegetative
material used in reclamation must consist of grasses, legumes, herbaceous, or woody
plants or a combination thereof, useful to the community for the fuel and fodder
needs.

Plants must be planted during the first growing season following the reclamation
phase.
Selection and use of vegetative cover must take into account soil and site
characteristics such as drainage, pH, nutrient availability, and climate to ensure
permanent growth. The vegetative cover is acceptable if within one growing season of
seeding, the planting of trees and shrubs results in a permanent stand, or regeneration
and succession rate, sufficient to assure a 75% survival rate.
Option II: In barren land, the borrow areas can be redeveloped into detention ponds.
These will be doubled up as water bodies and also for removal of sediment from
runoff flowing through the ponds. Design of the detention basin depends upon the
particle size, settling characteristics, residence time and land area. A minimum of 0.02
mm size particle with a settling velocity of 0.02 cm/sec (assuming specific gravity of
solids 2.65) can be settled in the detention basin.
Following parameters are to be observed while setting up a detention pond:
Pond should be located at the lowest point in the catchment area. Care should be taken
that the horizontal velocity should be less then settling velocity to prevent suspension
or erosion of deposited materials.
Minimum Effective Flow Path: 5 times the effective width

Minimum Free Board: 0.15 m
Minimum Free Settling Depth: 0.5 m
Minimum Sediments Storage Depth: 0.5 m
Maximum interior slope: 2H : 1V
Maximum exterior slope: 3H : 1V
The inlet structure should be such that incoming flow should distribute across the
width of the pond. A pre-treatment sump with a screen should provide to remove
coarse sediments. Settled sediment should be removed after each storm event or when
the sediment capacity has exceeded 33% of design sediment storage volume.
Accumulated sediment must be disposed of in a manner, which will prevent its re-
entry into the site drainage system, or into any watercourse.
c) Construction stage
No borrow area shall be operated without permission of the Engineer. The
procurement of borrow material should be in conformity to the guidelines laid down
in IRC: 10-1961. In addition, the contractor should adopt precautionary measures to
minimise any adverse impacts on the environment. A checklist for monitoring of
borrow area operation and management has been prepared.

Checklist for Monitoring Borrow Area Operation and Management

Attributes Requirements
Access road shall be used for hauling only
Access
after approved
To soil, if any, shall be stripped and stored at
corners of the area before the start of
excavation for material collection;
Top soil should be reused / relaid as per
agreed plan;
Top soil preservation In case of riverside, borrow pit should be
located not less than 5m from the toe of the
bank, distance depending on the magnitude
and duration of flood to be withstood.
In no case shall be borrow pit be within 1.5m
from the Toe line of the proposed
embankment
For agricultural land, the total depth of
excavation should be limited to 150 cm
including top
30 cm for top soil preservation;
For river side borrow area, the depth of
excavation shall be regulated so that the inner
edge of any borrow pit, should not be less
than 15m from the toe of the bank and
Depth of excavation
bottom of the pit
should not cut the imaginary line of 1:4
projected from the edge of the final section of
the embankment.
To avoid any embankment slippage, the
borrow areas will not be dug continuously,
and the size and shape of borrow pits will be
decided by the Engineer.
Movement of man and machinery should be
regulated to avoid damage to surrounding
land.
To prevent damages to adjacent properties,
Damage to surrounding land the Contractor shall ensure that an
undisturbed buffer zone exists between the
distributed borrow areas and adjacent land.
Buffer zone shall be 3 m wide or equal to the
depth of excavation whichever is greater.
Drainage control The Contractor shall maintain erosion and

drainage control in the vicinity of all borrow
Attributes Requirements
pits and make sure that surface drains do not
affect the adjacent land or future reclamation.
This needs to be rechecked by the engineer of
the PIC.
Water should be sprayed on kutcha haul road
twice a day or as may be required to avoid
dust generation during transportation of
material;
Dust Suppression
Depending on moisture content, 0.5 to 1.5%
water may be added to excavated soil before
loading during dry weather to avoid fugitive
dust emission.
Covering material for transport Material transport shall be provided with
material tarpaulin cover
Workers should be provided with helmet,
Personal Protective Equipment gumboots and air mask and their use should
be strictly enforced.
The area should be redeveloped within agreed
Redevelopment timeframe on completion of material
collection as per agreed rehabilitation plan.
d) Post construction stage

All reclamation shall begin within one month of abandonment of borrow area, in
accordance with the redevelopment plan. The site shall be inspected by the PIC after
implementation of the reclamation plan. Certificate of Completion of Reclamation is
to be obtained by the Contractor from the landowner that the land is restored to his
satisfaction. The final payment shall be made after the verification by IC.
Checklist for inspection of rehabilitation area
Inspection needs to be carried out by the IC for overseeing the redevelopment of
borrow areas as per the plan. The checklist for the inspection by the IC is given
below.
Compliance of post-borrowing activities and land use must be done with the
restoration plan. Drainage measures taken for inflow and outflow in case borrow pit is
developed as a detention pond; Levelling of the bottom of the borrow areas; In case
the borrow area is on private property, the contractor shall procure written letter from
landowner for satisfaction on rehabilitation. In case of no rehabilitation is desired by
the landowner, the letter should include statement no responsibility of R&BD on
contractor in the event of accident.

Annexure 5A
Typical noise levels of principal construction equipments
(Noise Level in db (A) at 50 Feet)
Clearing Structure construction
Bulldozer 80 Crane 75-77
Front end loader 72-84 Welding generator 71-82
Jack hammer 81-98 Concrete mixer 74-88
Crane with ball 75-87 Concrete pump 81-84
Concrete vibrator 76
Excavation and Earth Moving Air compressor 74-87
Bulldozer 80 Pneumatic tools 81-98
Backhoe 72-93 Bulldozer 80
Front end loader 72-84 Cement and dump trucks 83-94
Dump truck 83-94 Front end loader 72-84
Jack hammer 81-98 Dump truck 83-94
Scraper 80-93 Paver 86-88
Grading and Compaction Landscaping and clean-up
Grader 80-93 Bulldozer 80
Roller 73-75 Backhoe 72-93
Truck 83-94
Paving Front and end loader 72-84
Paver 86-88 Dump truck 83-94
Truck 83-94 Paver 86-88
Tamper 74-77 Dump truck 83-94
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, noise from Construction Equipment

and Operations. Building Equipment and Home Appliance (NJID. 300.1. December
31, 1971).

CHAPTER 6
SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
CHAPTER 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1. Introduction
This chapter includes study of the adverse environmental impacts during construction
and operation phases. Monitoring of environmental factors and constraints will enable
agencies to identify the changes in the environmental impacts at particular locations,
application of mitigative measures and utilization of standard design guidelines for
finalization of alignment. Monitoring will also ensure that actions taken are in
accordance with the construction contract and specifications. It provides a basis for
evaluating the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures, and suggests
further actions needed to be taken to achieve the desired effect.
To ensure the effective implementation of the EMP, it is essential that an effective
monitoring program be designed and carried out the monitoring includes:
Visual observations;
Selection of environmental parameters at specific locations;
Sampling and regular monitoring of these parameters.
6.2. Objectives
The Objectives of environmental monitoring programme are:
Evaluate of the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures;
Updating of the actions and impacts of baseline data;
Adoption of additional mitigation measures if the present measures are
insufficient;
Generating the data, which may be incorporated in environmental
management plan in future projects.
Satisfying the legal and community obligations
The environmental monitoring plan includes:
Performance indicators
Environmental monitoring programme
Reporting system
Budgetary provisions
6.3. Guidelines For Environmental Monitoring
There are following guidelines for Environmental Monitoring:-
Select and engage qualified professionals to carry out monitoring

Prepare a checklist of items/parameters to be monitored

Adopt standard methodologies for monitoring environmental measures
Provide sufficient budget for manpower and equipment to carry out the
monitoring of listed parameters
Maintain close cooperation and coordination among the monitoring team,
project engineers, construction supervisors, environmental specialists and
contractors during monitoring
Encourage the participation of local people in the monitoring activities
Analyze and evaluate monitored data
Maintain transparency regarding analysis and evaluation of data
Prepare an evaluation report and submit it to the concerned agency for
performance compliance
Report the results of monitoring in a proper format easily understandable by
concerned personnel and authorities.
6.4. Responsibilities for Monitoring
The responsibility for monitoring of implementation of the EMP will rest with the
Environmental Management Unit (EMU). The MSRDC will visually assess the
progress of Environmental Management Unit and the work of Contractors. If the level
of impact is determined to be high, further monitoring will be done by a recognized
'A' category laboratory of the concerned State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) and
assessed for verification of the increased or decreased emission level and pollutants
along the project road, and if found more appropriate control measures would be
exercised.
6.5. Performance Indicators
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of EMP at project level, certain physical,
biological and social components identified. These component needs to be analyzed
based on project specific conditions and data generated. The key quality components
include Air quality, Water quality, Noise Levels around sensitive locations, Plantation
/ re-plantation success / survival rate, Erosion indices, Restoration of quarries and
borrow areas, Quality of human health, Accident frequency.
6.6. Routine Monitoring
During the construction and post-construction phase, ambient air quality, water
quality (surface and ground water), effluent (if any released from construction work
site / camp) and noise level will be monitored as and when required depending upon
the type, nature and duration of the project using standardized monitoring
methodologies and laboratory testing facilities / techniques.

Site Selection
Monitoring stations have been identified based on observation / site conditions such
as nature of construction, diversions, congestion, parking places, bus / taxi stands ,
number and frequency of vehicles, sources of pollutants (industrial / commercial /
residential), environmental features and existence of sensitive / critical areas i.e.
educational institutions, hospitals, archaeological / cultural sites. The frequency and
duration of testing / sampling of air, water, noise levels and effluent quality within the
ROW is to be fixed as per allotted time frame of the project and requirements of
SPCB / CPCB and MoEF.
Methodology
Monitoring methodology covers the following key aspects:
Components to be monitored;
Parameters for monitoring of the above components;
Monitoring frequency;
Monitoring standards;
Responsibilities for monitoring;
Monitoring costs.
Environmental monitoring of the parameters involved and the threshold limits
specified are discussed below:
6.6.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM)
The air quality parameters viz: Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (as NO2),
Carbon Monoxide (CO), PM10 and PM2.5 shall be regularly monitored at identified
locations from the start of the construction activity. The air quality parameters will be
monitored in accordance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as given in
Annexure 6C. The location, duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored
and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in the Environmental
Monitoring Plan (Annexure 6B).
6.6.2 Water Quality Monitoring
Water quality parameters such as pH, BOD, COD, DO coliform count, total
suspended solids, total dissolved solids, lead, Cadmium, and Zinc for surface water
and pH, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Sulphate, TDS, Chloride Fluoride for ground
water shall be monitored at all identified locations during construction and operation
phases as per standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board and Indian
Standard Drinking water specifications IS 10500 (1991) presented in Annexure 6A.

6.6.3 Noise Quality Monitoring

As with air and water quality, the noise levels will be monitored at already designated
locations in accordance with the Ambient Noise Quality standards given in Annexure
6D. The location, duration and the noise pollution parameters to be monitored and the
responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring
Plan (Annexure 6B).
6.7. Environmental Monitoring Plan
Monitoring plan for both construction and operation phased is summarized in
Annexure 6B.
6.8. Reporting Procedures
Mitigation and enhancement measures adopted in the final design have been identified
in the contract documents. The periodic site visits of the EO of the IC and the EE of
the MSDC will keep a record of progress as well as the site-specific EMP
implementation records. The frequent meeting of the EO of IC with the Contractors
will ensure any information and communication gap with regard to the Construction
phase environmental management at construction site; labour and construction camps
quarry and borrow areas etc. It is necessary that the EO of IC should visit the sites for
evolving a concept for the Environmental Management with regard to the silting of
various construction requirements. The various reporting guidelines and arrangements
are as follows.
6.9. Preparing EMP Monthly Progress Reports
The monthly report should be prepared by the Contractor. The monthly report should
contain an introductory section which gives the basic information on the contract
package, a brief description of the implementation progress made till date and,
particularly, the progress made during the past month.
The monthly report should contain separate sections (approx. 1-2 pages per section)
for each of the following:
1. Quarries
2. Construction camps
3. Borrow areas
4. Sand mining
5. Spoils and debris disposal
6. Waste
7. Traffic management & road safety
8. Mitigation measures along the project roads

9. Enhancement measures along the project roads

10. Environmental parameter monitoring activities (air, noise and water quality)
11. Other issues along the project roads
12. The monthly report should necessarily contain a section on implementation
arrangements. This section should include the environmental engineers work
and timesheet. This should be a simple table that clearly indicates the activities
carried out by the environmental engineer during the month. This table should
include site visits to construction camps, quarries, borrow areas, active road
construction areas, disposal sites and accident prone areas. This section should
also cover training / orientation activities that were carried out within the
contractors team and the environmental parameter monitoring done.
13. There should be only one monthly report per contract package.
14. Signed copies of these reports should be submitted by the Contractor to the
Supervision Consultants by seventh of every calendar month.
15. Supervision Consultants should verify and countersign these reports. These
should be submitted by the Supervision Consultants to the MSDC by the 10th
day of every month.
16. At least, three copies of these reports should be prepared. One copy should be
retained by the Contractor, another with the Supervision Consultants and the
third should be for the MSDC.
6.10. Reporting By IC EMP Quarterly Progress Reports
The quarterly report should be prepared by the Independent Consultants.
1. The quarterly report should summarize and draw the key points from the three
monthly progress reports submitted by the contractor during the quarter.
2. The quarterly report should contain an introductory section which gives the
basic information on the contract package, a brief description of the
implementation progress made till date and, particularly, the progress made
during the past month.
The quarterly report should contain separate sections (approx. 1-2 pages per section)
for each of the following:
1. Construction camp
2. Quarries
3. Borrow areas
4. Sand mining if any
5. Spoils and debris disposal

6. Waste
7. Traffic management & road safety
8. Mitigation measures along the project roads
9. Enhancement measures along the project roads
10. Environmental parameter monitoring activities (air, noise and water quality)
The quarterly report should necessarily contain a section on implementation
arrangements. This section should include a summary of the Contractors
environmental engineers work and timesheet, and that of the ICs environmental
officer. This section should also cover training / orientation activities that were carried
out within the Contractors team and the environmental parameter monitoring done
during the quarter.

Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza) and construction of Six lanes road in EIA/EMP Report
Between 0/000 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
ANNEXURE 6A
Table 6.1: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications: IS 10500: 1991
Permissible limit in
SL. Substance or Requirement Methods of test
Undesirable effect outside the desirable limit the absence of
No. Characteristics (desirable limit) (ref. To IS)
alternate source
1. Colour, Hazen Units, 5 Above 5, consumer acceptance decreases 25 3025 (part4)
Max. 1983
2. Odour Unobjectionable - - 3025 (parts 5):

1984
3. Taste Agreeable - - 3025 (part 8):

1984
4. Turbidity NTU, Max. 5 Above 5, consumer acceptance decreases 10 3025 (part 7):
1984
5 PH value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this range the water will not effect the mucous No relaxation 3025 (part 11):
membrane and /or water supply system 1984
6. Total hardness (as CaCo3) 300 Encrustation in water supply structures an adverse 600 3025 (part 21):
mg/l, Max. effect on domestic use 1983
7. Iron (as Fe) mg /l Max. 0.3 Beyond this limit taste/appearance are affected has 1.0 3025 (part 21):
adverse effect on domestic uses and water supply 1983
structures and promotes iron bacteria
8. Chlorides (as CI) mg/l 250 Beyond this limit, taste corrosion and palatability are 1000 3025 (part 32):

alternate source
Max. affected 1988
9. Residual, free chloride, 0.2 3025 (part 26):
mg/l Min. 1986
l. Dissolved solids mg/l 500 Beyond the palatability decreases and may cause 2000 3025 (part 16):
Max. gastro intestinal irritation 1986
2. Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 75 Encrustation in water supply structure and adverse 200 3025 (Part 16)
Max. effects on domestic use 1986
3. Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l, 30 Encrustation in water supply structure and adverse 1.5 16,33,34 of IS
Max. effects on domestic use 3025: l964
4. Copper (as Cu) mg/l Max. 0.05 Beyond taste, discoloration of pipes, fitting and 0.3 35 of 3025: 1964
utensils will be caused beyond this
5. Manganese (as Mn) mg/l, Beyond this limit taste/appearance are affected, has 0.3 35 of 3025: 1964
Max. adverse effect on domestic uses and water supply
structures.
6. Sulphate (as 200 So2), 200 Beyond this causes gastro intestinal irritation when 400 3025(part
mg/l, Max. magnesium or sodium are present 24):l986
7. Nitrate (as No2) mg/l, 45 Beyond this methamoglobunemia take place 100 3025 (part24):
Max. 1988
8 Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max. 1.0 Fluoride may be kept as low as possible. High 1.5 23of 3025:1964
fluoride may cause fluorosis
9 Phenolic compounds (as 0.001 Beyond this it may cause objectionable taste and 0.002 54of 3025:1964
C6H5OH) mg/l, Max. odour
10 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l, 0.001 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation (See not mercury
alternate source
Max. ion analyzes)
11 Cadmium (as cd), mg/l, 0.01 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation (See note)
Max.
12 Selenium, (as Se). mg/l, 0.01 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation 28of 3025:1964
Max.
13 Arsenic (As) mg/l, Max. 0.05 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation 3025 (part 37);
1988
14 Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, 0.05 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation 3025 (part 27)
Max. 1988
15 Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max. 0.05 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation (See note)
16 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, Max. 5 Beyond this limit it can cause astringent taste and an 15 39 of 3025:l964
opalescence taste and an opalescence in water
17 Anionic detergents (as 0.2 Beyond this it can cause a light froth in water 1.0 Methylene-blue
MBAS) mg/l, Max. extraction
method
18 Chromium (as Cr6+) mg/l, 0.05 May be carcinogenic above this limit No relaxation 38 of 3025:l964
Max.
19 Poly nuclear aromatic - May be carcinogenic above this limit - -
hydro carbons (as PAH)
mg/l, Max.
20 Mineral oil mg/l, Max. 0.01 Beyond this limit undesirable taste and odour after 0.03 Gas
chlorination take place. Chromatography
method
21 Pesticides mg/l, Max. Absent Toxic 0.001 -

alternate source
22 Radioactive material - - - 58of 3025:1964
23 Alpha emitters bq/l, Max. - - 0.1 -
24 Beta emitters pci/l, Max. - - 1 -
25 Aluminum (as Al) mg/l, 200 Beyond this limit taste becomes unpleasant 600 13of3025: 1964
Max.
26 Aluminum (as Al) mg/l, 0.03 Cumulate effect is reported to cause dementia 0.2 31of 025: 1964
Max.
27 Boron mg/l, Max. 1.0 - 5 29of3029: 1964
Source: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification IS 10500, 1991

Table 6.2: Water Quality Criteria as per CPCB Guidelines
Sl. No. Designated Best Use Class of Water Criteria

1 Drinking Water source (with A 1. Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml shall be 50 or less
conventional treatment) 2. pH between 6.5 to 8.5
3. Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg / l or more
4. Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD) 5 days 200C 2 mg/l or less
2 Outdoor bathing (organized) B 1. Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml shall be 500 or less
2. pH between 6.5 to 8.5
3. Dissolved Oxygen 5 mg / l or more
3. Drinking Water source C 1. Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml shall be 5000 or less
(without conventional 2. pH between 6 to 9
treatment) 3. Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg / l or more
4. Propagation of Wildlife D 1. pH between 6.5 to 8.5 for fisheries

2. Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more
3. Free Ammonia (as N) l.2 mg/l or less
5. Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, E 1. pH between 6.0 to 8.5

Controlled Waste 2. Electrical Conductivity at 250 C mhos/cm Max. 2250
3. Sodium absorption ratios Max. 26
4. Boron, Max.2 mg/l
Ref: CPCB (l999). Bio-mapping of rivers. Parivesh New Letter, 5 (iv), Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi, PP.20

ANNEXURE 6B
Table 6.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan
Env. Monitoring Institutional Responsibility

Project Stage
Component Parameters Special Guidance Standards Location Frequency Duration Implementation Supervision
High volume sampler
PM10, Continuous Contractor
to be located 50 m Air (P&CP) Hot mix
PM2.5 Quarterly 24 hours or through
Construction from the plant in the Act,1981 Plant /
SO2, NO2, for three for 1 full approved MSRDC
Stage downwind direction. and its Batching
CO, and years working monitoring
Use method specified amendment Plant
HC day agency
by CPCB for analysis
Repairable Dust
Sampler and FPM Air (P&CP) Stretch of
Continuous Contractor
Sampler to be located Act, 1981 the road
Quarterly 24 hours or through
PM10, 40 m from the and its where
for three for 1 full approved MSRDC
PM2.5 earthworks site amendment. construction
Air years working monitoring
downwind direction. is in progress
day agency
Use method specified at the site
by CPCB for analysis
Repairable Dust
Sampler and FPM
Continuous
PM10, Sampler to be located Air(P&CP) as specified Three
24 hours or
Operational PM2.5, 50m from the plant in Act,1981 by the times in a
for 1 full - MSRDC
Stage SO2, NO2, the downwind and its Engineer year for
working
CO, HC direction. Use method amendment MSRDC / IC one year
day
specified by CPCB for
analysis

Institutional Env.
Monitoring
Env. Responsibility Component
Project Stage
Component Special
Parameters Standards Location Frequency Duration Implementation Supervision
Guidance
Grab sample
collected from End of
other
pH, BOD, source and summer Contractor
Water locations
COD, TDS, analyzed as per before the through
Construction quality identified by
TSS, DO, Oil Standard onset of - approved MSRDC
Stage standards by the
& Grease and Methods for monsoon monitoring
CPCB independent
Pb Examination of every year agency
consultant
Water and for 3 years
Wastewater
Water
Flooding quality
locations to be standards of
Water identified and CPCB and
Thrice in
Quality choked drains, cleaning
monsoon
Flooding and water bodies shall be to as specified
and post-
Operation Cleaning of under going the by the
monsoon - - MSRDC
Stage drains/water siltation and satisfaction Engineer
seasons in
bodies subject to of the MSRDC / IC
a year for
debris disposal engineer
1 year
should be MSRDC
monitored
under cleaning
operations

Institutional Env.
Monitoring
Project Stage
Component Special
Guidance
Once
every Reading to be
Free field at 1
month taken at 15 Contractor
m from the
Noise levels Noise (max) for seconds through
Construction equipment At equipment
on dB (A) standards by three interval for 15 approved MSRDC
Stage whose noise yards
scale CPCB years, as minutes every monitoring
levels are being
required hour and then agency
determined
Noise by the averaged
Levels engineer
Equivalent Readings to
Noise levels Thrice a
be taken at 15
using an year for 3
Noise levels Noise seconds
Operation integrated noise As directed by years
on dB (A) standards by interval for 15 - MSRDC
Stage level meter kept the Engineer during the
scale CPCB minutes every
at a distance of constructi
hour and then
15 m from edge on period
averaged.
of Pavement
As specified
As specified
by the Pre-
Turbidity in by the
engineer monsoon
storm Water engineer
Construction MSRDC / and post-
Silt load in ---- MSRDC - Contractor MSRDC
Soil Erosion Stage Independent monsoon
River/other Water
Consultant, all seasons
water courses quality
along the for 3 years
standards
project
corridor

Institutional Env.
Monitoring
Project Stage
Component Special
Guidance
As specified
As specified by the
Turbidity in by the engineer
Three
Storm Water engineer MSRDC/
Operational times a
Silt load in ---- MSRDC / Independent - - MSRDC
Stage year for
River/ other Water consultant, all
one year
water courses quality along the
standards project
corridor
The success of
tree planting.
rate of survival Maintenanc
Construction All along the
Plantation of after six e for three
as well as project
months, one - to five _ MSRDC
trees Operational corridor
year and 18 years after
Stage 75% Plant -
months in plantation
Survival
relation to total
planted
Monitoring
of:
Construction Water
Storage Area At storage Quarterly
Sites and quality
Construction Drainage area and in the
. standards ---- Contractor MSRDC
Construction Stage Arrangements construction constructi
given by
Camps Sanitation in camps on stage
CPCB
Construction
Camps

ANNEXURE 6C
Table 6.4: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
Concentration in Ambient Air
Time
Industrial, Ecologically Sensitive
Pollutant Weighted Method of
Residential, Rural Area (Notified by
Average Measurement
and other Area Central Government)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Sulphur Annual 50 20 Improved West and
Dioxide Average* Gaske method
(S02)
g/m3 24 hours** 80 80 Ultraviolet
florescence
Oxides of Annual 40 30 Jacab & Hochheisor
nitrogen as Average* modified (Sodium
NO2 Arsentie)
g/m3 24 hours** Chemilumine-
80 80
Scence
Particulate Annual 60 60 -Gravimetric
Matter(size Average* -TOEM
less than
10m) or
PM10
24 hours** 100 100 -Beta Attenuation
g/m3
Particulate Annual 40 40 -Gravimetric
Matter Average* -TOEM
(size less
than 2.5 24 hours**
m) or
60 60 -Beta Attenuation
PM2.5
g/m3
Carbon 8 02 02 Non dispersive
Monoxide hours** infrared (NDIR),
(CO)Mg/m3 spectroscopy.
04 04
1hour*
Source: National Ambient Air Quality Standards CPCB Notification 18 th Nov. 2009
* Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24
hourly at uniform interval.
** 24 hourly/8 hourly values shall be met 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, it may
exceed but not on two consecutive days.

ANNEXURE 6D
Table 6.5: Ambient Noise Standard (As per Noise Pollution & Control Rules 2000)
Area Code Category of Limits in dB (A) Leq.
Area
Daytime Nighttime
A Industrial 75 70
B Commercial 65 55
C Residential 55 45
D Silence 50 40
Note-1 Day time is reckoned in between 6 AM to 10 PM

Note-2 Night time is reckoned in between 10 PM to 6 AM
Note-3 Silence zone is defined as areas upto 100 meters around such as premises as
hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be declared by
the Competent Authority.
Note-4 Mixed categories of areas should be declared as one of the four above
mentioned categories, by the Competent Authority and the corresponding standard
shall apply

CHAPTER 7
SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
CHAPTER 7
SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 ROAD SAFETY & TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Objectives of safety & traffic management are:
To ensure protection of workers on site through strict enforcement of safety

plans / standards, proper training to the workers and through deployment of
trained & experience workers staff at site.
To ensure applicable and adequate safety measures at site through proper

barricading, safe access to site, lighting etc. and use of Personal Protective
Equipments (PPE) & other safety tools and equipments.
To ensure smooth, safe and uninterrupted traffic flow on the project road at all
times during construction.
To give adequate information / warning sufficiently in advance about any

situation / event / matter affecting the project highway through proper signage,
demarcations etc.
To ensure safety of road users against the hazards due to

Diversion
Road Condition
Low Visibility
Vehicle breakdown on carriageway
Repair work etc. in progress on carriageway or for any other reason
resulting in disturbance in free flow of traffic.
Avoid risk of damage/ disturbance to the properties adjacent to the project

highway
Ensure safety of project assets and public utilities.

7.1.1 Site Safety Rules and Regulations
General Rules
No drugs, alcohol or alcoholic beverages are permitted on work site.
All connection for electricity, water supply and other temporary facilities
made by authorized persons only and shall be in accordance with legal and
contractual requirements.

Work shall only be carried out if an authorized person has ordered it.
General Safety Hints to the Workers
Wear protective clothing or apparel where required to do so.
Must wear other safety gear where required / indicated.
Keep work site and work areas tidy.
Maintain personal hygiene e.g. washing hands before meals.
Report an unsafe condition to your supervisor and stop unsafe actions

immediately.
Think before you act.
Dont horseplay or distract others.
Dont take shortcuts, your safety and that of others is more important.
Obey all safety rules and signs.

Report all accidents however small, and have them treated immediately.
7.1.2 Traffic Safety Plan
Work on the highway shall be carryout in a manner creating least interference to the
flow of traffic. During execution of the work a passage would be constructed for
traffic either along a part of the existing carriageway under improvement or along a
temporary diversion constructed close to the highway, as per site requirement. At least
7.0 meter width of road will remain open to traffic at all the times with suitable traffic
diversion measures on granular or suitable surface as applicable/required.
Guiding principles and precautions
The guiding principles for safety in road construction zones are:
Warn the drivers road user clearly and sufficiently in advance
Provide safe and clear marked lanes for guiding road users
Provide safe and clearly marked buffer and work zones
Provide adequate measures that control driver behavior through construction

zones, lane closures or traffic diversions.
The following defined precautions shall be applied to all the work sites:
All the signs and delineators shall be maintained in a clean and brightly
painted condition at all times.

Adequate lighting arrangements shall be made for proper visibility after sunset
in construction zones.
Adequate arrangements like frequent sprinkling of water shall be made to keep

the area dust free.
For high traffic density roads, the following precautions must be taken:
(a) For safety of workmen:
a. Workmen would be given safety induction before work commences.
b. First Aid training programs would be given to certain identified workmen and
would be given responsibility to provide first aid to all the workmen at site.
c. Workers required on site during night hours must be provided with fluorescent
jackets and safety helmet with reflective tapes.
d. Adequate barriers are provided to protect the workforce
e. Adequate temporary lighting is provided wherever it is required.
f. Adequate measures to be taken for the supply, use and storage of bituminous
materials.
g. Suitable precautions to be taken for underground I overhead cables.
(b) For Safety of Road User:
The material, equipment and machinery would be stocked / parked in places
sufficiently away from the road.
Machinery would be parked at appropriate places with red flags and red tights
on during night.
Adequate measures are implemented to prevent operatives, tools, materials,

etc. from falling onto live carriageways.
Speed limits are set, marked, and enforced.

7.1.3 Traffic safety measures and control:
Following traffic safety measures shall be ensured during construction:
Erection and maintenance of bamboo stack poles, caution signs and markings
and flagmen for the information and protection of traffic approaching or passing
through the section of the highway under improvement.
All culverts and bridges would be barricaded by providing two drums at the two
ends of culvert. In between drums, bamboo with red and white stripes would be
installed with reflective tapes on them for night visibility. The area to be

cordoned off with safety barricading tape. Caution boards shall be placed at two
ends of the bridge.
Red lights or warning lights of similar type shall be mounted on the barricades
at night and kept it throughout from sunset to sunrise.
At the points where traffic is to deviate from its normal path as per site
requirement, the channel for traffic shall be clearly marked. At high traffic area,
Caution boards would be installed 60 meters before the respective diversion area
speed breaker board. DIVERSION board would be installed at the both
ends of the diversion road.
All diversions would be kept free of dust by frequent application of water.
Flagmen with red and green flag would be deployed at both ends of the
respective diversion for the smooth flow of traffic as and when required.
Deep excavation area would be barricaded by barricading tape.

For guidance of road user caution boards with regulatory and warning information
such as GO SLOW, MEN AT WORK & for illiterates pictorial GO SLOW,
WORK IN PROGRESS would be installed at 100 meter intervals.
7.1.4 Traffic Control Devices
Traffic control devices are the devices which perform the crucial task of warning,
informing and alerting the driver / road user apart from guiding the vehicle
movements so that the driver of the vehicle as well as the workers on site are
protected and safe passage to the traffic is possible.
The primary traffic control devices used in work sub-zones are signs, delineators, ,
cones, pylons, pavement markings, flashing lights etc. They shall be such that they are
easily understood without any confusion, are clearly visible during day and night,
conform to the prevailing speeds in immediate vicinity, stable against sudden adverse
weather conditions and are easy in installation, removal and maintenance.
Safety signs
Safety sign is a sign, which uses a pictorial symbol to provide health or safety
information or instruction. The signs may also include a written message. The
construction and maintenance signs fall into the same three major categories viz.
barricades regulatory signs, warning signs arid guide signs as other traffic signs do.
Warning, Cautionary, Prohibition and command signs will be installed and will not be
removed or changed till they are required at site. These signs shall be placed on left
hand side of the road. Some of the common types of signs which shall be provided in
construction zones are shown in Figure 7-1.

Figure 7-1: Safety signs

Regulatory signs
Regulatory signs mean legal restrictions on the traffic. The most common types for
use in construction zones are Do not enter, Road Closed, Speed limit etc.
Figure 7-2: Regulatory signs

Warning signs
The most common type of warning signs to alert the drivers of the possible dangers
ahead in construction zones are Lane Closed, Diversion to other Carriageway,
Divided Carriageway Starts, Divided Carriageway Ends and Two Way Traffic
etc. Sometimes it might be advisable to explain these signs with the help of a
rectangular definition plate of size appropriate to the size of warning triangle and
placed 0.15 m below, from the bottom of the triangle.
W1 Series Signs - Turn W13 Series
and Curve Signs - Advisory
Speed
W2 Series Signs - W14 Series
Intersection Signs - Dead End
/ No Outlet / No
Passing
Advance Traffic Control Signs -
Playground
W4 Series Signs - Merge W16 Series

and Lane Transition Signs -
Supplemental
Plaques
W5 Series Signs - Width W17 Series
Restriction Signs - Speed
Hump
W6 Series Signs - Divided W18 Series
Highway Signs - No
Traffic Signs
W7 Series Signs - Hill W20 Series
Signs - Work
Zone

Pavement Condition Signs - Road
Work
W9 Series Signs - Lane W22 Series
Transition Signs - Blasting

Railroad and Light Rail Signs - Slow
Traffic
Advance Warning / Signs - Double
Crossing Reverse Curve

W12 Series Signs - Low W25 Series

Clearance Signs - Yellow
Trap
Return to Manual
of Traffic Signs
Main Page
Figure 7-3: Warning signs

Guide signs
Guide signs in construction zones shall have different background colour than the
normal informatory signs. These signs shall have black messages and arrows on
yellow background. The commonly used guide signs are: Diversion, Road Ahead
Closed and Sharp Deviation of route etc.
Delineators
Delineators are the channelizing devices such as cones, traffic cylinders, tapes, drums,
which shall be placed in or adjacent to the roadway to guide the drivers along a safe
path and to control the flow of traffic. These shall normally be retro-refectories for
night visibility.
Traffic cones and cylinders
Traffic cones are normally 0.5 m to 0.75 m high and 0.3m to 0.4m in diameter or are
in square shape at the base. These are mostly made of plastic or rubber with retro
reflectorised red and white band and have suitable anchoring so that they are not
easily blown over or displaced. They shall be placed close enough together to give an
impression of the continuity. The spacing shall be 3m (close) to 9m (normal). Larger
size cones can be used for high speeds or where more conspicuous guidance is
required.

Figure 7-4: Guide signs
Figure 7-5: Traffic cones signs

Barricades
Whenever the traffic has to be restricted from entering the work areas, such as
excavations or material storage sites so that protection to workers is provided or there
is a need for separating the two way traffic, barricades shall be used. The barricades
can be portable or permanent type and can be made of wooden planks, metal or other
suitable material. The horizontal component facing the traffic is made of 0.30 m wide
wooden planks joined together and painted in alternate yellow and white strips of 0.15
m width and sloping down at an angle of 45 degree in the direction of the traffic.
Figure 7-6 shows three types of barricades. Suitable support or ballasting shall be
provided so that they do not over turn or are not blown away in strong winds.
Figure 7-6: Barricades Signs
In case of a permanent type barricade, a gate or movable section shall be separately

provided to allow the movement of construction/supervision vehicles.
Flagmen
On large construction sites, flagmen with flags and sign paddles shall be effectively
used to guide the safe movements. The flags for signaling shall be 0.60 m x 0.60 m
size, made of a good red cloth and securely fastened to a staff of approximately 1m in
length.
Figure 7-7: Flagmen Sign

7.1.5 Safety and Management Practices

Measures for providing safe movement of traffic in some of the most commonly
occurring work zones on highways shall be as follows:
Temporary diversion
In the cases of major repairs or reconstruction of cross drainage structures on a
highway section, damaged due to flood etc., the traffic may have to pass on a
diversion, moving parallel to the Road.
The warning for the construction ahead shall be provided by the sign Men at Work
about 1 km earlier to the work zone or a supplementary plate indicating Diversion 1
km ahead and I or a sign Road Closed Ahead shall be placed. It shall be followed
by Compulsory Turn Right/Left Sign. The Detour and Sharp Deviation sign
shall be used to guide the traffic onto the diversion. Hazard markers shall be placed
just where the railings for the cross drainage structures on the diversion starts.
7.1.6 Closure for work on one side carriageway of a four/six- lane divided carriageway
The first sign shall be for the Men at Work along with distance plate for
construction zone. Thereafter the sign for Road Narrowing shall be provided,
followed by the signs for lane closure one after another.
This shall be followed by sign for compulsory Keep right/Left (depending upon site
situation).The sign for the Closure of carriageway along with that for keep
Left/Right will be provided at the point from where the vehicle is expected to change
the lane for the diversion. The sign for the Diversion to the other carriageway shall
be provided between the Carriageway Closure sign and the median gap. The sign
for Sharp Diversion of Route along with compulsory Turn right/Left shall be
provided at the location where the gap in median opening starts and traffic is expected
to get diverted to the other carriageway. The warning signs for Two way traffic
along with the plate indicating the distance up to which the two ways traffic is
allowed, shall be placed at the median which shall be to the left of the moving traffic.
Cones or painted drums shall be placed for delineation, starting from the sign location
for Carriageway Closed.
Carriageway repairs
Whenever the work of small magnitude is to be carried out in the middle of the
carriageway, such as minor repairs of potholes, cracks and patches, then the traffic
control measures shall mainly consist of providing cautionary signs of Men at
Work, about 500m before the work zone for the approaching vehicle and other
cautionary sign of Road Narrows, shall be placed at 100m ahead of work area.
Regulatory sign of Keep Left/Right shall be placed at the commencement point of
the work zone and next to the barriers for the approaching vehicles. Movable type of

barriers shall also be placed on both sides of the work area. Cones or drums shall be
placed at suitable interval to demarcate the work area. The Work Zone Ends sign
shall be installed 120m beyond the work area. if the operation is to continue during
night time, necessary lighting arrangements with flashing lights shall also be
provided.
7.1.7 Safety measures during concession period
During the concession period many activities are involved at different stages and at
various periods in respect of construction operation and maintenance of the Project.
Safety of the road user and the project work man at site in Emergency arising on
account of force secure due nature or administrative reasons especial safety masseurs
used. Width of existing two lane carriageways is envisage to be used for passage of
two way traffic. Traffic is to divide from its normal path the channel of traffic clearly
marked with the aid of pavement marking at night the passage delineated with lamps
or other light source regularity / warning sign approved by independent consultant in
stalled for guidance or road users at list two sign put up one loose to the carriage way
begins 120m ahead signs design reflecting type the safety standards specification
schedule strictly complied with in the event of the any lane.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.2.1 General
Risk assessment forms an integral part of any plan of expansion of the road. Risk
analysis consists of two parts viz. Risk identification and risk assessment. Risk
identification can be as simple as asking what if questions at design review stage
itself. Other method in use is preparing a checklist of the normal hazards associated
with a particular situation or a piece of equipment. Risk assessment techniques are:
Hazard and operability study (HZOP)
Fault tree analysis (FTA)
Safety studies
Safety indices
Risk is associated with disaster and a disaster is the product of a hazard such as
earthquake, flood or windstorm, coinciding with a vulnerable situation. There are four
basic types of hazardous events, which put societies at risk:
Those based in nature earthquakes, droughts, floods, avalanches etc.
Those based in violence War, armed conflict, physical assault etc.
Those based in deterioration declining health, education and other social services,
environmental degradation etc.

Those based in the failings of industrialized society

Technical failures, effluent (chemical) discharge, factory explosions, fires, gas
leakages, transport collisions.
7.2.2 Risk assessment
On the basis of the field studies and analysis, the following major risks or
emergencies are identified associated with the proposed highway project:
Emergencies Type of Risk Project Execution Stage Risk Level
Construction as well as
Accidents Human Related Low
Operation
Fire Human Related Operation High
Construction as well as High
Tsunami Natural
Operation
Construction as well as High
Cyclone Natural
Operation
7.2.3 Disaster management plan
All disasters, whether flood, earthquake, cyclone, Tsunami, drought or extensive fire,
inevitably cause upheavals not only in the physical but also in the social and
economic context where they occur. The study and analysis of factors that cause a
disaster, the characteristics that shape its evolution, the effects on the population and
the natural environment, the instruments that can mitigate their effects, and the
various ways of reestablishing the optimal living conditions of the persons and
communities involved have led to the creation of the new science of Disastrology,
which studies disasters from all points of view and establishes guidelines for their
management.
7.2.4 Elements of disaster management
Any disaster management plan outlines the function that need to be organized the
section designated to perform them. It defines the Standard Operating Procedure
(SOP) and consists of following four phases:
1. Mitigation lessen the severity and impact of potential emergencies
2. Preparation build organization capacity to manage effects of emergencies should

one occur
3. Response control the negative effects of emergency situations
4. Recovery restore essential services and resume normal operation
Comprehensive mitigation measures are already built-in the design of the highway
which can effectively negotiate and prevent or at least minimize the severity of the
disaster should it happens.
7.2.5 Preparedness
The most important step in the preparation against the disaster is the
formation/constitution of an Emergency Response Cell under District Collectors
chairmanship. After this, district collector shall notify various institutions in setting up
the Emergency Response Council (ERC). The notified institutions include all of the
educational institutions, petrol stations, police stations and hospitals. This council will
issue guidelines for the Emergency Response Plan (ERP) for the District. Graphically
the functioning of ERC is provided in Fig. 7-10.
Figure 7-8: Functioning of ERC
Most of the time accident message flow will be both ways. Another way to reach the
goal of Full Preparedness is training: training of the population at large and training

of specialist deployed in ERC. The citizen has to be trained to know what to do and
when and how to do it. The implementation of these plans must follow well defined
programmes of teaching at school, starting from primary school level, through
educational civil defense courses, periodic refreshers courses for physicians, nurses,
volunteers, Red Cross, Red Crescent, fire brigade, police etc. as well as periodic
exercise with simulated disasters, with the involvement of general population and the
local rescue services. The list of available medical facilities with full knowledge of
their infrastructure and name of doctors is to be with ERC which is to be updated at
east once in three months. Evacuation and other mock drills are to be organized at
least once an ear to test the preparedness of the system. Besides above, the service
roads, points and crossings are to be kept clear to have a free exit from and an access
to the road and ever be blocked except for maintenance purpose. Every control room
is to be equipped with an adequate First Aid System, including one or two stretches.
The communication system once installed is to be properly maintained so that it
remains functional round the clock.
7.2.6 Recovery and Response
A rapid evaluation of the extent of a disaster is essential for calculating the size of the
rescue forces that need to be involved ( teams operating on the spot ,teams brought up
to the operative area ,local first-aid units, regional/ interregional/ international units
,etc.) from health assistance to the injured.
7.2.7 Role of Doctors
It is the duty of doctors to provide medical treatment to road accident victims
instantaneously and thereafter to leave resolution of other crisis needs to law
enforcement agencies. There is no legal impediment to doctors in attending such cases
immediately. Always remember that every second is precious after an accident has
occurred for saving the victim. Large number of lives in accidents can be saved only
if medical aid is provided immediately. This is also what the ethics of medical
profession asks for.
As per section 134 of the motor vehicles act, it is duty of every registered medical
practitioner or the doctor on duty in the hospital to immediately attend to the injured
person and render medical aid or treatment without waiting for any procedural
formalities.
7.2.8 Role of public
Highway users are to give passage of way to the vehicles on emergency duties, such
as ambulances, fire brigade or police. They have the first right of passage. The public
at large is expected to help in this regard and the policeman on duty is to ensure their
immediate passage.

The successful resolution of any emergency situation largely depends on how fast the
public react to a given emergency situation. As an example, the sequence after the
accident is listed down below.
Occurrence of an accident at any place on the road
Accident victims are taken to any of the notified places like petrol or diesel
station, police station, schools, any educational institution or local PWD office for
first aid.
Message reaches to petrol or diesel station or police station or schools or any
educational institutions or local PWD office
Message is sent to District Collector from any or all the above places
District collector receives a detailed report of the event with in not more than 6
hours by the fastest available communication by fax, phone, telegram or e-mail
etc. from the nearest police station
District Collectors office will evaluate the seriousness of the problem based on
the report available. If details are not clear, further clarification will be sought
from various notified places.
Then messages will be forwarded from the District Collectors office to all
concerned if urgent necessary action is further required
From the District Collectors office again the messages are sent to police station
and PWD office to make sure that all relief operations are working smoothly and
will be coordinate from District Collectors office. PWD office will in turn
redirect the message to the local PWD office
Depending upon the situation, serious cases will be referred to the hospitals
7.3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
In keeping with the Govt. of India and MOEF guidelines, Public consultations as part
of EIA study in all the major settlements.
This chapter discusses only on community consultations held with households/shop
owner, government officials, stakeholders and incorporation of various measures
pertaining to environmental issues based on the responses from the people.
7.3.1 Objectives of consultations
The process of public participation / consultations was taken up as an integral part of
the project in accordance with EIA requirements. The objectives of these
consultations are:
To educate the general public, specially potentially impacted communities/
individuals and stakeholders about the proposed project activities;

To familiarize the people with technical, environmental, social and economic

issues of the project for better understanding;
To solicit the opinion of the affected communities/ individuals on environmental
issues and assess the significance of impacts due to the proposed development;
To foster co-operation among officers, community and the stakeholders to achieve
a cordial working relationship for smooth implementation of the project;
To identify the environmental issues relating to widening and strengthening of the
road.
Assess the views of the beneficiary community and their willingness to participate
in the project in a bottom up planning and decision making process;
To secure peoples inputs in respect of project design, selection of mitigation
measures and monitoring strategies;
To ensure lessening of public resistance to change by providing them a platform
in the decision making process.
7.3.2 Methodology adopted for consultations
7.3.2.1 Identification of Stakeholders
Stakeholders were identified to ensure as wide coverage as possible of the project area
as follows:
Heads of households likely to be impacted;
Household members;
Clusters of APs;
Villagers;
Village panchayat;
Major project stakeholders, such as women, tribal and ethnic communities, road-
user groups, health professionals, and others.
As part of the consultation process, women were also given the opportunity to voice
their views without the presence of men.
7.3.2.2 Stages and Levels of Consultation
Public consultations in the project area were held at village/town/city/Panchayat level.
The main objectives of the consultation program were to minimize negative impact in
the project corridors and to make people aware of the road rehabilitation project. The
following methodologies were adopted for carrying out public consultations in this
project:

Disseminating information and requesting villagers to attend the public consulting

meetings.
Sharing the opinions and preferences of the APs.
Involving the APs in decision-making including RP implementation.
To understand views of the people affected with regard to the impacts of the road
To identify and assess all major economic and sociological characteristics of the
village to enable effective planning and implementation and,
To resolve the issues relating to affect on community property.
Different techniques of consultation with stakeholders were used during project
preparation, viz., in-depth interviews, public meetings, group discussions etc. To
understand the socio-economic profile of the society, questionnaires were designed
and information was collected from the individuals on one-to-one basis.
7.3.3 The Consultation Process Adopted in the Project Area
The public consultation in the project area was held at various levels; Local level,
Block level/city level, District level and State level. The consultation program during
project preparation was designed with the view to disseminate project information and
to incorporate local peoples and PAPs opinion in mitigating negative impact on the
population. These consultations also revealed that majority of the PAPs, were losing
their structures and livelihood as well. The present chapter provides detail information
regarding the consultation process. The different techniques of consultation with
stakeholders were used during project preparation, namely comprehensive interviews,
public meetings and focus group discussion etc.
The key informants during the project preparation phase included both individuals
and group namely: -
Head of the households, and member of households affected by the project
Groups of PAPs, Village Panchayats.
Local Voluntary Organization, CBOs / NGOs
Government agencies and departments and
Other projects stakeholders with special focus

During the public consultation core issues were discussed. The focus of the
discussion was pondered on the fact that the project is directly related to the
development of the people not simply on the existing road. Important benefits
discussed while making public consultations are related to Minimization of land
acquisition, sound resettlement and rehabilitation options, service road provision at
important junctions/intersections, wayside amenities and public services, geometric

improvement of existing road wherever required, parking sites, process of shifting,

religious and public services, adequate compensation of affected properties, efforts
towards restoration of affected livelihood, unbiased and fair treatments with all
categories of society and safety measures.
7.3.4 Consultation during Project Preparation
Subsequently, keeping in mind the above objectives, stakeholders participation and
consultation with the people of different sections of society of the project area were
made.
7.3.4.1 Consultation with Government Officials
In the process of disseminating important information, collecting relevant
information and to acquaint the project formulators with social requirements of the
project, the govt. officials, key informants & prominent person of the society and
other stakeholders were consulted during social screening survey. At the time of
public consultation the govt. officials welcomed the project and gave most relevant
information regarding the project under implementation. the important and concerned
government organizations like Municipal corporation, CRZ Authority, revenue
department, statistical department and PWD office etc. These officials were
consulted in order to resolve all the hurdles in the successful implementation of the
project.
7.3.5 Consultation and Participation of Potentially Affected Persons
In order to document the issues raised by the potential (Project Affected Persons)
PAPs, public consultations at screening stage have been conducted at various
sensitive locations, with people of different categories and sections of society,
principally with PAPs.
7.4 PUBLIC HEARING
Public hearings are not required in this project as per MoEF Notification, 2013.

CHAPTER 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra.
CHAPTER 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 GENERAL
This Road (Bhiwandi-kalyan Shilphata) projects will promote markets through transportation
of material and goods; create job opportunities, decrease traveling time, fuel conception,
vehicle maintainace cost and increase traffic speed etc.
The ultimate aim of this project is to promote social welfare of the district and villages which
reside along the road. The developments of above widening project will play a significant roll
in changing the socio-economic condition of the living of people of a region through dynamic
externalities that such development often generates.
The benefits of proposed road also be seen from a different angle, viz., the local benefit and
the wider regional or national level benefit. The entire regional and national economy lying
beyond this neighborhood should also be benefited from the development such effect may be
called the regional or national level benefits. Further the benefit may be direct or indirect in
nature.
All these should have a bearing on the level of well being of the households, although some
of them may not themselves necessarily use more of the highway facility created. These
would in turn lead to changes in the level of well-being and human development, through
their benefit on consumption level, educational attainment, health status etc.
8.2 Tourism Development

India is a multi-destination country with a variety of tourist attractions and facilities. All in
all, India has in abundance what a tourist desires. The tourist places are accessed and reached
also serves the comfort travel benefits to the people. Maharashtra is an important tourist
destination in India and the proposed road will give important connection to other places of
Maharashtra.
8.3 Economic Development

Road Development program can contribute to economic development by encouraging the
attraction of businesses to sites equipped with good access and by improving the travel
efficiencies of existing businesses and to start a new avenues. They also help for:
The development of new project sites,
The development of industrial parks,
Infrastructure projects and
Development of IT parks,
8.4 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

Road development project serves as an important employment generator and provide
employment opportunity during construction period. In the operation stage it provides
employment to local people.

8.5 REDUCTIONS IN ACCIDENTS, MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY

Development of projects road Bhiwandi- Kalyan- Shilphata will reduce the number of
accidents through the following tasks.
Improved crossing and alternatives access routes by use of signage, junctions, & alternate
arrangement for local traffic circulation has been provided.
Installation of proper road safety system through signage, barricades, crash barriers, edge
posts / parapets will add to be safety of the vehicular traffic on the stretch of the road.
Sharp turns and curves of the roads have been realigned to improve public safety in
operational stage.
Proper lighting/ illumination will be provided in order to avoid accidents during night as well
as adverse climatologically conditions.
Reduces loss of life by avoiding head to head direct collision and also reduces damages to
vehicles etc.
8.6 REDUCTIONS IN OPERATION COST

Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) will be reduced when a road is improved. Fuel consumption,
wear and tear of tyres, suspension will be benefited when a geometric design is improved and
the road surface is made more even. The savings are perceived by the road user in the form of
lower expenditure, VOC consist of the following components:
Fuel Consumption;
Lubricating oil consumption;
Spare part consumption;
Type consumption and
Vehicle depreciation
8.7 INDIRECT BENEFITS

In addition to direct impacts, a number indirect benefit attributed to road project. Lowering
transportation cost for users and improving access to goods and services enables new and
increased economic and social activity. Over time individuals, households and firms adjusts
to take the advantage of those benefits, leading to several indirect impacts. These indirect
impacts include changes in Land use and development, changes in decision to locate houses
and business in areas where houses and land are less expensive or more desirable, and
changes in warehouse and delivery procedure for businesses in order to take advantage of
improved speed and reliability in the transportation system.
These impacts then lead to increased property values, increased productivity, employment
and economic growth.
The indirect benefit of proposed widening would work through the dynamic developmental
externalities generated through the forward and backward linkages. The change in Land use
pattern in the areas that are greater connectivity due the proposed highway, since there will be
a change in the patterns of settlement, agricultural land use and location of industries, trading
and other services and non-farm unorganized sector activities. All the above would reflect in
the changes in the pattern of economic activities, income generation, price evolution,
employment condition and ground rent prevailing in the connected area.

A new Land use pattern may in turn induce greater accessibility to job market, health and
educational facilities etc. attract investment for development of feeder roads, power
distribution networks, telecommunication facilities and other modes of connectivity among
other, leading to a greater access to of the local people to markets and infrastructure facilities.
Environmental Benefits
Reductions in adverse environmental impacts of transportations Reduced emissions, noise
and other impacts are also the direct benefits of road projects. However, these benefits are
difficult to quantify and value them; as a result, they are less often included in benefit cost
analysis of transportation investment.

CHAPTER 9
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
CHAPTER 9
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.1 ENVIRONNEMENTAL MANAGEMENT
The EMP report is prepared to facilitate the Contractor, MSRDC, Consultants and
their personnel to incorporate the necessary environmental input during construction
and operational phases of the project. This document will assist the Contractor to
appreciate the environmental impacts and the necessary mitigation measures required
to minimize those impacts as well as to enhance the positive factors with suitable
environment enhancement measures.
9.2 OBJECTIVES OF EMP
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) consists of a set of mitigation,
monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during the design, construction and
operational phases of the project to eliminate adverse environmental impacts, to offset
them, or to reduce them to acceptable levels. The main aim of the Environmental
Management Plan is to ensure that the various adverse impacts are mitigated and the
positive impacts are enhanced.
Identifies the nature of potential environmental impacts, the measures, which will be
taken, the time frame in which they are taken, the implementing agency, responsible
organization, and, where appropriate, the contractual clause referring to the measure.
1. Some of the mitigation measures are preventive in nature, while others include
additional measures in terms of environmental conservation and involve physical
and constructional work.
2. Unless other wise stated, the project site covers area beyond the corridor of impact
and / or the RoW such as borrow areas, access roads, service roads and equipment
storage sites.
3. Time frame refers to the duration or instant of time when mitigation measures will
be taken.
The Environmental Management Plan describes the practical means to ensure
effective implementation of the mitigation measures recommended for the potential
environmental impacts identified during the environment impact assessment exercise.
The detailed action plan during different phases of the project, i.e. pre-construction,
construction and operation period is presented below.

9.2.1 Pre-Construction Stage

9.2.1.1 Pre-construction activities by MSRDC/ Independent consultant
Prior to the contractor mobilization, the MSRDC will ensure that an encumbrance free
Corridor of Impact is handed over to enable the start of construction. Clearance
involves the following activities:
Removal and felling of trees is very minimal,
Relocation of common property resources and community assets like telephone

poles, electric poles and hand pumps will be impacted.
Formal arrangements for maintenance of enhancement sites. This includes

plantation of trees and barricades along the road.
9.2.1.2 Pre-construction activities by contractor
Pre-construction stage involves mobilization of the contractor and the activities
undertaken by the contractor pertaining to the planning of logistics and site
preparation necessary for commencing construction activities. The activities
include:
Joint field verification of EMP by the Environment Specialist of the Independent

consultant and contractor.
Identification and selection of material sources (quarry and borrow material,

water, sand etc).
Procurement of construction equipment / machinery such as crushers, hot mix

plants, batching plants and other construction equipment and machinery.
Selection, design and layout of construction areas, hot mix and batching plants,
etc.
Apply for and obtain all the necessary clearances/ NOC, s/ consents from the
agencies concerned.
9.2.2 Construction Stage
9.2.2.1 Construction activities by the contractor
Construction stage is the most crucial stage in terms of activities that require
careful management to avoid environmental impacts.
There are several other environmental issues that have been addressed as part of
good engineering practices, the costs for which have been accounted for in the
Engineering Costs. They include providing roadside drainage, provision of cross
drainage structures etc.

9.2.2.2 Construction activities by the MSRDC/Independent consultants

The MSRDC/Independent Consultant shall be involved in the smooth execution
of the project and assisting the contractor during this phase. Their work shall
include but not limited to:
Monitoring and guiding the contractor on adopting good environmental and

engineering practices.
Arrangement of plantation through the Forest Department
Arranging training to the contractor and other stakeholders according to the

needs arising.
Making changes in the design if need so arises.

9.2.3 Operation Stage
The operational stage involves the following activities by MSRDC
Monitoring of environmental conditions through approved monitoring agency
Monitoring of operational performance of the various mitigation/enhancement

measures carried out.
9.3 OBJECTIVES AND GENERAL GUIDELINES
Green areas not only improve the floral status, land-use and aesthetic look of an area,
but also serve the dual purpose of filtering any fugitive dust from unpaved or open
areas, help to abate noise effects through dampening, and replenish oxygen and
ameliorate the surrounding temperature. Therefore development of plantation is now a
days imperative as a part of development projects.
The main objectives of plantation along the project road and bypasses are:
a) To reduce impacts of air and dust pollution
b) To provide shade on hot glaring road surface during summer
c) To arrest soil erosion at embankment slopes
d) Beautification of project corridor by planting selected ornamental trees and shrubs
e) Prevention of glare from headlights of incoming vehicles during night time
f) To compensate for trees to be felled during construction
Adequate plantation programme along the project road has been planned considering
the inadequacy or limitation of space, a simple plantation has been considered along
the road stretch in addition to patches of hedges on the earthen shoulder on both side
and plantation of hedges in the median. Development of greenbelt will include:

a) Plantation in the median to enhance the aesthetic look and reduce headlight glare.
b) Plantation on roadside earthen shoulder on both sides of the road to enhance the
aesthetic look and to prevent soil erosion.
c) Plantation on the slopes along roadsides in certain locations on both sides of the
road to enhance the aesthetic look and to prevent soil erosion.
d) Plantation on either side of the road in the space available for greenbelt.
e) The following general guidelines and measures have been adopted:
f) Destruction of existing trees will be minimized.
g) The plantation of trees will be completed in the construction stage so that
substantial growth is achieved when the project is completed.
h) The plantation programme has been drawn to confirm to natural climatic
conditions and adaptability of the species.
i) The plantation would consist of a mixture of carefully chosen locally available
indigenous, fast growing sturdy species of trees, shrubs and herbs having
ornamental value and large crown volume to surface area ratio.
j) Proper drainage system and proper plantation techniques will be adopted.
k) Plantation in the initial stage of 3 years will be properly maintained and protected
by fencing from grazing and felling.
9.3.1 Species Suggested for Plantation
The plant species have been selected based on following criteria
a) Indigenous, fast growing, sturdy and perennial having ornamental values,
preferably evergreen.
b) Growth and morphological characteristics (height, crown and flowering season).
c) Other factors like availability of local species, tolerance to pollutants and adverse
environmental conditions.
d) Adaptability to local climatic conditions and water availability.
9.3.2 Plantation Strategy
The spacing of trees and shrubs and their arrangement in different situations has been
done as per IRC: SP 21, 1979 and IRC: 66 1976.
1. The median in most of the stretches is 4.5m wide, hedges are to be planted at 3m
interval on either side at a distance of 1m from the edge of the median, i.e., in two
rows all along the median. However on bridges and flyovers the median will not
be planted.
2. Along the sides of the proposed road stretches, trees are to be planted. In this
space 2 rows of trees are to be planted in staggered manner. The first row is to be
planted 3m from the edge and will consist of large and medium size trees
alternately at an interval of 7.5m. In the second row, tall conical trees are
proposed at 7.5m interval (in a staggered manner from the first row). The space
between two rows will be 3m.
3. In cases, where the proposed road is on high embankment, the embankment slopes
situated on either side of the road will be turfed with grasses.
9.3.3 Technical Specification for Plantation
A. Tree plantation along the roadsides and Proposed bypasses
i) Rows of large shade trees and middle size trees alternately planted (first row)
Spacing between plants : 7.5 m
Size of pits : 90x90x90 cm (for large size trees)
: 60x60x60 cm (for small size trees)
Species recommended
No. of plants per km per row : 133 (approx. 1 tree/7.5m)
Height of plant sapling at the time Not less than 2m for large trees and
not less than 1.3 m for small trees
ii) Rows of tall conical canopy trees (second row)
Row to row distance from the first : 3m (in staggered manner from the
first row)
Spacing between plants : 7.5m
Size of pits : 60x60x60cm
Species recommended : List of species provided in Annexure
9B
No. of plants per km per row : 133 (approx. 1 tree/7.5m)
Height of plant sapling at the time : Not less than 2m
It is proposed to use the same species on either side of the road. This will ensure
regularly grown avenues of the same form and type. Such avenue plantation will
achieve uniform size at about the same time and will give pleasant and consistent
avenue appearance.
B. Shrub Plantation along the road median and bypasses
i) In case of median the width is almost uniform for the entire median which are to
be planted (medians on bridges and flyover will not be planted)

Distance from edge of the median : 1m

Spacing between plants : 3.0m
Size of pits : 45 X 45 X 45 cm
No. of plants per km per row : 333 (approx. 1 hedge plant/3
Height of plant sapling at the time : Not less than 45 cm
Age of Plant : Not less than one year
It is proposed to use the same species in the two rows running parallel on the median.
This will ensure regularly grown median of the same form and pattern. Such median
plantation will achieve uniform size at about the same time and will give pleasant and
consistent appearance.
Shrubs, which are suggested on the median provide a strong surface cover, and needs
a well-prepared surface. Therefore it is suggested to remove all loose debris, fill up all
convexities and concavities by good soil to level the median before planting. To
ensure better growth and survival of grasses and shrubs, surface should have
sufficient layer of good quality soil (up to 45cm).
C. Precautionary Measures for Roadside Trees and Median Plantation
Plantation will be done in the monsoon season.
The height of plant saplings should not be less than specified above and should be
in polythene bags, which must be removed at the time of planting.
All the supplied plants must be planted within three days of removal from nursery
beds.
The contractor will be required to water the plants regularly in non-rainy season
and will have to maintain the plantation up to three years.
Before plantation each plantation pit shall be applied with the following: 2kg of
compost manure, bio-fertilizer @1 g/plant, micronutrient @1 g/plant, D.A.P.
@2.5 g/plant, insecticide (BHC Powder) @ 5g per pit.
9.3.4 Protection Measures
Brick guard along the two sides of the proposed road shall be provided to protect the
plantation. In case the same is not erected by the time of plantation then barbed wire
fencing shall have to be provided. Barbed wire fencing around the plantation area will
be provided on angle iron will be fixed at a spacing of 5m and 3-strand barbed wire
will be stretched.

9.3.5 Turfing of Side Slopes of Road Embankments with Grasses

Grass lines shall be used to provide a strong surface cover at the slope. For the side
slopes a well-prepared surface on which the grass is to be planted shall be prepared.
To obtain a well spread grass cover, the surface shall not be disturbed in the initial
stages of turfing. The grass species recommended for median and for side slopes
Cyanodon dactylon, Cythocline purpurea, Desmostachya bipinnata, Cenchrus ciliaris
are recommended. However, for side embankment of eroded and dry patches Aristida
hystererix is recommended. All these species are locally available in the surrounding
area of the proposed project Contractor will ensure that the condition of the site is
good enough for successful establishment of grasses. They will also supervise all field
operations like preparation of surface, sowing of grasses and quality of grass seeds
used.
9.4 PREPARING PLANS TO OPERATIONALIZE / IMPLEMENT THE EMP
These plans should be prepared by the Contractor with the help of the information
included in the EMP, standard reference literature on the subject and these notes.
These plans should be approved by the Supervision Consultants.
At least, three copies of these plans should be prepared. One copy should be
retained by the Contractor, another with the Supervision Consultants and the third
should be for the MSRDC.
These plans should be seen as dynamic documents that will be improved with
implementation requirements and experiences. Addendums to these plans should be
prepared and approved whenever changes or modifications are required.
9.5 BORROW AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN
The plan should contain an introductory chapter that provides information on (a) the
total borrow material requirement for each link and for the contract package as a
whole, and (b) the different sources that have been identified along with their specific
chainages. For each borrow area identified, the plan should contain a separate section
and this should include the following:
Name of the location.
Nearest project road chainage
Name of the owner
Area involved.
Borrow material available
Borrow material proposed to be taken
Type of material available

Existing land use

Land use of the area surrounding the borrow area
Proposed top soil management
Schematic map of the borrow area
Tree-cutting required, if any.
Arrangement with the owner.
Operating practices to be adopted, e.g. slope, depth of cutting and demarcation
of boundaries and safety requirements in view of surrounding areas.
Machinery & equipment to be used in the borrow area
Access road condition and proposed maintenance
Photographs depicting the present condition of borrow area & access road.
Roles, responsibilities and authorities related to implementing the plan
Closure / completion plan
It is to be noted that paddy fields should not be selected as borrow areas.
9.6 CONSTRUCTION CAMP & WORKFORCE MANAGEMENT PLAN
The plan should contain an introductory chapter that provides information on (1) the
number of construction camps at construction site and (2) the proposed activities of
the camp vis--vis project roads.
For each camp, the plan should contain a separate section and this should include the
following:
Name of the location.
Nearest project road chainage.
Name of the owner
Area involved
Arrangement with the owner (agreement with land owner, including the
restoration aspects, should be attached as an Annexure)
Existing land use
Photographs depicting the present condition of the construction camp & access
road.
Land use of the area surrounding the borrow area including a map
Establishment and maintenance of demarcated and labelled different areas
within the camp
Number of trees to be removed, if any, along with compensation measures

Proposed top soil management

Activities planned in the construction camp
Machinery & equipment to be used onsite
Health facilities
Site drainage provisions
Copy of the consents to establish and operate should be attached as an
Annexure.
Conditions laid down in the clearances / licences and plans to ensure compliance
Staff strength and details such as contractor staff vs subcontractors, women
labour, migrant vs local labour and skilled & unskilled labour
Facilities given to the Environmental Engineer and defining his roles,
responsibilities, authorities and work plan.
Safety provisions such as fire protection equipment and personal protective
equipment (e.g. helmets, gloves, face masks, ear plugs / muffs)
9.7 WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
The plan refers to the waste management in all the construction plans.
The plan should contain an introductory chapter that provides information on (1) the
different types of waste that include municipal solid waste, sewage, bitumen wastes,
used drums, cotton waste, oil-contaminated saw dust, used oil / grease / lubricants.
The plan should contain the following:
Description of the management practices for each type of waste. This should
include storage (labelling and concrete platforms wherever required),
transportation (within the camp and outside) and disposal practices of the
different wastes (use of authorized waste disposal companies)
Roles, responsibilities and authorities related to implementing the plan
Establishment and maintenance of different waste records
Solid waste from the project during construction will be mainly domestic scraps and
wastes from the construction camps and construction spoils from construction sites.
The small amount of construction debris will be disposed of in suitable pre-identified
dumping areas in tune with the local condition to avoid land degradation and water
logging due to indiscriminate dumping.

Dumping areas shall be covered with topsoil and subsequently plantation shall
be done over the same.
Regular inspection of haul roads, construction site and camp shall be carried out
to ensure regular and timely removal of construction debris to the dumping site.
9.8 SPOIL & SCARIFIED DISPOSAL PLAN
The plan should contain an introductory chapter that provides information on (1)
estimates of spoil & scarified material and (2) the proposed disposal locations / sinks
(both major & minor) along with estimates of disposal quantities. For each disposal
location, the plan should contain a separate section and this should include the
following:
Name / identity of the location.
Name of the owner
Area involved
Arrangement with the owner (agreement with land owner, including the
restoration aspects, should be attached as an Annexure)
Existing land use
Land use of the area surrounding the proposed disposal site
A map of the area showing the surrounding land use
Number of trees to be removed, if any, along with compensation measures
Top soil management, if required
Photograph depicting the present condition of disposal area & access road.
The plan should recognize that there should be no dumping on rivers and natural
stream courses. If the disposal site is alongside a river, then additional precautions
should be taken.
9.9 QUARRY MANAGEMENT PLAN
The plan should contain an introductory chapter that provides (1) estimates of the
aggregate, quarry sand and river sand material required, (2) the different locations
from which this material is to be sourced, (3) the type of arrangement, i.e. whether it
is own-managed or sub-contractor and (4) whether it is a new or existing quarry.

For each aggregate-cum-quarry sand source, the plan should contain a separate
section. If the quarry is an existing one and is managed directly by the Contractor, the
plan should contain the following:
Name / identity of the location
Nearest project road chainage
Name of the owner
Area involved
Arrangement with the owner (agreement with land owner should be attached as
an Annexure)
Quantity of material to be withdrawn vis--vis the material available
Machinery & equipment to be used
Copy of the consents to establish and operate should be attached as an
Annexure.
Copy of the licence from Mining & Geology, Police & Fire
Conditions laid down in the clearances / licences and plans to ensure compliance
Photographs of the quarry prior to commencing operations.
Access roads condition and proposed maintenance
Tree-cutting required, if any, along with compensation measures
Information on whether or not the quarry will be closed under this project. If
yes, the proposed closure & restoration plan.
Sketch of the layout of the quarry
Description of the operating practices to be adopted.
If the quarry is an existing one and is managed directly by a sub-contractor from
whom the Contractor is sourcing the materials, the plan should contain the following:
Name of the owner
Area involved
Arrangement with the owner
Arrangement with the sub-contractor (agreement with sub-contractor should be
attached as an Annexure and should necessarily require the adoption of good

quarry management practices a description of the requirements should be

included)
Drainage plans
Top soil management
Description of the operating practices
Health facilities
Safety provisions made including fire protection systems and the availability of
different personal protective equipment such as helmets, ear plugs / muffs and
face masks
Copy of the sub-contractor licences from PCB, Mining & Geology, Police &
Fire
Conditions laid down in the clearances / licences
Monitoring plans for air quality
Photographs of the quarry before material sourcing for the project
If the quarry is a new one and is managed directly by the Contractor from whom
the contractor is sourcing the materials, the plan should contain the following:
Name of the owner
Area involved
Existing land use (verification required from land records with revenue
department)
Land use of the area surrounding the proposed site including a map
Access roads existing conditions, proposed development and maintenance
Tree-cutting and vegetation clearance required, if any, along with compensation
measures

Arrangement with the owner (Agreement should necessarily include

commitment of the contractor to adopt good quarry management practices a
description of the requirements should be included - and should indicate
proposed restoration plans)
Particular areas to be quarried should be clearly identified
Pre-establishment activities, e.g. purchase / lease of nearby properties
Drainage plans
Top soil management
Description of the operating practices
Health facilities
Safety provisions made including fire protection systems and the availability of
different personal protective equipment such as helmets, ear plugs / muffs and
face masks
Monitoring plans for air quality
Copy of the sub-contractor licenses from PCB, Mining & Geology, Police &
Fire
Conditions laid down in the clearances / licences
Concerns of the local people living in the immediate / near vicinity should be
identified and appropriates measures should be reflected
Tree-cutting required, if any, along with compensation measures
Photographs of the quarry before the project.
It is to be noted that quarries within the reserve areas, other eco-sensitive areas and
locations of cultural / archaeological importance cannot be used. This needs to be
explicitly expressed in the plan. The plan should include information on the locations
of the river sand sources; the sub-contractor who supplies the contractor with the
sand, the copy of the licenses from the contractor should be included in the Annexure.
9.10 PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN
The detail Plantation Development Plan contains
a) Species suggested for plantation

b) Plantation strategy
c) Total number of trees / shrubs to be planted
d) Technical specification for plantation
e) Precautionary and protection measures
f) Cost of plantation
9.10.1 Objectives and General Guidelines
Green areas not only improve the floral status, land-use and aesthetic look of an area,
but also serve the dual purpose of filtering any fugitive dust from unpaved or open
areas, help to abate noise effects through dampening, and replenish oxygen and
ameliorate the surrounding temperature. Therefore development of plantation is now a
days imperative as a part of development projects.
The main objectives of plantation along the project road and bypasses are:
a) To reduce impacts of air and dust pollution
b) To provide shade on hot glaring road surface during summer
c) To arrest soil erosion at embankment slopes
d) Beautification of project corridor by planting selected ornamental trees and shrubs
e) Prevention of glare from headlights of incoming vehicles during night time
f) To compensate for trees to be felled during construction
Adequate plantation programme along the project road has been planned. Considering
the inadequacy or limitation of space, a simple plantation has been considered along
the road stretch in addition to patches of hedges on the earthen shoulder on both side
and plantation of hedges in the median. Development of greenbelt will include:
a) Plantation in the median to enhance the aesthetic look and reduce headlight glare.
b) Plantation on roadside earthen shoulder on both sides of the road to enhance the
aesthetic look and to prevent soil erosion.
c) Plantation on the slopes along roadsides in certain locations on both sides of the
road to enhance the aesthetic look and to prevent soil erosion.
d) Plantation on either side of the road in the space available for greenbelt.
The following general guidelines and measures have been adopted:
a) Destruction of existing trees will be minimized.

b) The plantation of trees will be completed in the construction stage so that

substantial growth is achieved when the project is completed.
c) The plantation programme has been drawn to confirm to natural climatic
conditions and adaptability of the species.
d) The plantation would consist of a mixture of carefully chosen locally available
indigenous, fast growing study species of trees, shrubs and herbs having
ornamental value and large crown volume to surface area ratio.
e) Preferential plantation of flowering trees with less timber and fruit value will be
carried out. Fruit bearing trees will not be planted (to avoid entry of people into
the access-controlled highway for collecting fruits).
f) Proper drainage system and proper plantation techniques will be adopted.
g) Plantation in the initial stage of 3 years will be properly maintained and protected
by fencing from grazing and felling.

Figure 9.1: Schematic Diagram of Oil Interception Chamber

Figure 9.2: Schematic Diagram of Rain water pit

Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza) and construction of Six lanes road EIA/EMP Report
in Between 0/000 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
Annexure 9A
Generic Environmental Management Plan
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
Management Measures Reference Planning and Supervision/
No. Issue
Execution Monitoring
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Pre-construction activities by PIU
Alignment, Width The proposed alignment was selected by shifting / adjusting the Design Report, LA MSRDC,
of the road and centerline of the road, adopting of suitable cross-sections and adjustment Act 1894 and its Revenue Dept., EO-IC
P.1 religious of the median width to minimize land acquisition, loss of settlements amendments NGOs, (Independent
structures and to avoid environmentally sensitive features like religious structures Collaborating Consultant)
etc. compatible with project activities. Agencies
Information dissemination and community consultation.
The acquisition of land and private properties will be carried out in
accordance with the RAP and entitlement framework for the project.
MSRDC ,
It will be ensured that all R & R activities including implementation of LA Act 1894 and its Revenue Dept.,
Environment Management Plan are completed before the start of work. amendments
P.2 Land Acquisition NGOs, EO-IC
Affected person must vacate the land area before construction starts. Collaborating
ROW to be acquired has already been identified. Agencies
MSRDC has to ascertain that any additional environmental impacts
resulting from acquisition of land are addressed and integrated into the
EMP and other relevant documents.
All efforts will be made to preserve trees including evaluation of minor Clause No. 201.2
design adjustments/ alternatives to save trees. Specific attention will be MORT&H MSRDC , Forest
Preservation of
P.3 given for protecting giant trees, and locally important trees (religiously Specifications for Department, EO-IC
Trees
important etc.). Road and Bridge Contractor
Tree cutting is to proceed only after all the legal requirements including works

Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
attaining of In-principle and Formal Clearances from the Forest Dept. /
DoEF/ MoEF are completed and subsequently a written order is issued
to the Contractor.
Particular species declared as protected by the States Forest Dept. in
the private land will be felled only after due clearance from the Forest
Dept./ concerned agencies is obtained.
In the event of design changes, additional assessments including the
possibility to save trees shall be made.
Stacking, transport and storage of the wood will be done as per the
relevant norms.
Systematic corridor level documentation for the trees cut and those
saved will be maintained with EO-IC.
All community utilities and properties i.e., water supply lines, sewer
Relocation of
lines, hand pumps will be relocated before construction starts, on any
Community MSRDC ,
section of the project corridor. The MSRDC will relocate these As in RAP
Utilities and Concerned
P.4 properties in consultation and written agreement with the agency/ EO-IC
Common Agencies,
owner/community. Environmental considerations with suitable/required
Property Contractor
actions including health and hygiene aspects will be kept in mind while
Resources
relocating all community utilities and resources.
The MSRDC shall organize orientation sessions and regular training
sessions during all stages of the project. This shall include on-site
Orientation of
training.
Implementing As per project
P.5 These sessions shall involve all staff of Independent Consultants, field Contractor EO-IC
Agency and Requirements
Contractors level implementation staff of MSRDC and Contractor, Environmental
Experts. The contractor will ensure that his staff including engineers,
supervisors and operators attend the training sessions.
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
Obtain all necessary clearances and approvals including Costal
Regulation Zone (CRZ) Clearance and consent to Fell Trees prior
to commencing any road works.
Only licensed quarries shall be used. Obtain permits for borrow pits
and quarries from the concerned person or authority. No quarry or
borrow area shall be developed within sensitive areas like R.F. & MSRDC ,
Clearances,
Wildlife Sanctuary. Prepare quarry & borrow area management Concerned
Approvals and MSRDC
plan. Agencies,
Permits
Obtain Consent to Establish & Operate for the Crusher, Batch Mix Contractor
and Hot Mix Plants.
Provide a copy of all necessary clearances to the IC
Adhere to all clearances terms and conditions
Obtain written permission from private landholders to conduct
activities on their land prior to commencing.
The Environmental Expert of IC and the Contractor will carry out joint
field verification to ascertain any additional possibility to saving trees,
environmental and community resources.
Contractor/
Joint Field The verification exercise should assess the need for additional protection As per project
P.6.1 Environmental MSRDC
Verification measures or changes in design/ scale/ nature of protection measures Requirements
Expert of IC
including the efficacy of enhancement measures suggested in the EMP.
Proper documentation and justifications/reasons shall be maintained in
all such cases where deviation from the original EMP is proposed.
Assessment of The Environmental Expert of IC will assess impacts and revise/ modify
Contractor/
Impacts due to the EMP and other required sections of the project documents in the As per project
P.6.2 Environmental MSRDC
Changes/Revision event of changes/ revisions (including addition or deletion) in the Requirements
Expert of IC
s/Additions in the projects scope of work.

Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
Project Work
Hot mix plants and batching plants will be sited sufficiently away from
settlements and agricultural operations or any commercial
establishments. Such plants will be located at least 1000 m away from
the nearest village/ settlement preferably in the downwind direction.
The Contractor shall submit a detailed layout plan for all such sites and
approval of Environmental Expert of IC shall be necessary prior to their
establishment. Clause No 111.1
Crushers, hot-mix MoRT&H
Arrangements to control dust pollution through provision of
plants and Engineer, EO-
P.6.3 windscreens, sprinklers, and dust encapsulation will have to be provided Air (P&CP) Contractor
Batching Plants IC
at all such sites. Act 1981,
Location
Specifications of crushers, hot mix plants and batching plants will
comply with the requirements of the relevant current emission control
legislations and Consent/NOC for all such plants shall be submitted to
the MSRDC through Independent Consultant.
The Contractor shall not initiate plant/s operation till the required legal
clearances are obtained and submitted. The engineer will ensure that the
regulatory and legal requirements are being complied with.
All vehicles, equipment and machinery to be procured for construction
will confirm to the relevant Indian Standard (IS) norms. The discharge
Other standards promulgated under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 will
Construction As per project
be strictly adhered to. Engineer, EO-
P.6.4 Vehicles, Requirement, Contractor
IC
Equipment and
Machinery Noise limits for construction equipments to be procured such as
compactors, rollers, front loaders concrete mixers, cranes (moveable),
vibrators and saws will not exceed 75 dB (A), measured at one meter
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
from the edge of the equipment in free field, as specified in the
Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986.
The Contractor shall maintain a record of Pollution under control (PUC)
for all vehicles and machinery used during the contract period, which
shall be produced for EO - IC and MSRDC verification whenever
required.
Mobile equipment shall be placed at least 100 metres away from the
nearest dwelling.
P.7
Finalizing borrows areas for borrowing earth and all logistic
arrangements as well as compliance to environmental requirements, as
applicable, will be the sole responsibility of the contractor.
The Contractor will not start borrowing earth from select borrow area
until the formal agreement is signed between landowner and contractor
and a copy is submitted to the EO-IC/ MSRDC through the Engineer.
Clause No. 111.2 &
Locations finalized by the contractor shall be reported to the
305.2.2 MORT&H
Environmental Expert of IC and who will in turn report to MSRDC.
Specifications for EO-IC,
7.1 Borrow Areas Planning of haul roads for accessing borrows materials will be Road and Bridge Contractor
MSRDC
undertaken during this stage. The haul roads shall be routed to avoid works
agricultural areas as far as possible (in case such a land is disturbed, the
Contractor will rehabilitate it as per Borrow Area Rehabilitation
Guidelines) and will use the existing village roads wherever available.
In addition to testing for the quality of borrow materials by the IC, the
environmental personnel of the IC will be required to inspect every
borrow area location prior to approval
The IC will make sure that each such site is in line with Project

Responsibility
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No. Issue
Guidelines.
Contractor will finalize the quarry for procurement of construction
materials after assessment of the availability of sufficient materials,
quality and other logistic arrangements.
In case the contractor decides to use quarries other than recommended
by consultants, then it will be selected based on the suitability of the Clause No. 111.3 &
materials and as per established law. MORT&H
EO-IC,
P.7.2 Quarry The contractor will procure necessary permission for procurement of Specifications for Contractor
MSRDC
materials from Mining Department, District Administration and State Road and Bridge
Pollution Control Board and shall submit a copy of the approval and the works
rehabilitation plan to the MSRDC through Engineer.
Contractor will also work out haul road network and report to
Environmental Expert of IC and IC will inspect and in turn report to
MSRDC before approval.
The contractor will use private water tanks as a source of water for the
construction work.
Contractor can use the ponds with written agreement of owner, but in
this case since ponds are not present along the road hence not Clause No. 1010
applicable. MORT&H
To avoid disruption/disturbance to other water users, the contractor will Specifications for
Arrangement for extract water from fixed locations and consult the Environmental Expert Road and Bridge
P.7.3 Contractor EO-IC, MSRDC
Construction Water of IC before finalizing the locations. works
The Contractor will provide a list of locations and type of sources from
where water for construction will be used. The contractor will seek EP Act 1986
approval from the EO-IC prior to the finalization of these locations.
The contractor will not be allowed to pump from any irrigation canal
and surface water bodies used by community.
Responsibility
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No. Issue
The contractor will need to comply with the requirements of the State
Ground Water Department and seek their approval for doing so and
submit copies of the permission to IC and MSRDC prior to initiation of
any construction work.
The contractor preferably will use unskilled labor drawn from local Special Conditions
P.7.4 Labor Requirements Contractor EO-IC, MSRDC
communities to give the maximum benefit to the local community. of Contract
Construction Camp Labor camp set up will not be required since it is an urban project and
Locations contract labors will be hired locally. Location for stockyards for EO- IC,
P.7.5 Contractor
Selection, Design construction materials will be identified at least 1000 m from MSRDC
and Lay-out watercourses.
The contractor as per prevalent rules will carry out negotiations with the
landowners for obtaining their consent for temporary use of lands for
construction sites/hot mix plants/traffic detours/borrow areas etc.
Arrangements for The Contractor will submit a copy of agreement to the Environment
As per project EO- IC,
P.7.6 Temporary Land Expert of Independent Consultant. Contractor
Requirements MSRDC
Requirement The Environmental Expert of IC will be required to ensure that the
clearing up of the site prior to handing over to the owner (after
construction or completion of the activity) is included in the contract.
The contractor will organize at least

Implementation - 2 implementation information meetings in the vicinity of Project Site for
general public to consult and inform people about his plans covering As per project EO- IC,
P.7.7 Information Contractor
overall construction schedule, safety, use of local resources (such as Requirements MSRDC
Meetings
earth, water), traffic safety and management plans of debris disposal,
drainage protection, canal training work during construction, pollution

Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
abetment and other plans, measures to minimize disruption, damage and
in convenience to roadside users and people along the road. The first
Implementation information meeting be conducted within four weeks of
mobilization. The people should be informed about the date, time and
venue atleast 7 days prior to meetings. Public shall be informed about
the meeting through display of posters at prominent public places
(panchayat offices, offices of Market committees, Notice board of
religious places etc.) and distribution of pamphlets along roadside
communities or in any manner deemed fit. The contractor will maintain
a channel of communication with the communities through his
designated Environment and Safety Officer to address any concern or
grievances. Periodic meetings will also be conducted during the
construction period to take feedback from communities or their
representatives to ensure minimum disturbance.
The mechanism and contents for disclosure shall be approved by
MSRDC prior to the meetings.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
C.1
Vegetation will be removed from the construction zone before
Clause No. 201
commencement of construction. All works will be carried out such that
MORT&H
the damage or disruption to flora is minimum other than those identified
Clearing and Specifications for EO-IC,
C.1.1 for cutting. Contractor
Grubbing Road and Bridge MSRDC
Only ground cover/shrubs that impinge directly on the permanent works works
or necessary temporary works will be removed with prior approval from
the Environmental Expert of IC.
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
The Contractor under any circumstances will not cut trees other than
those identified for cutting and for which he has written instructions
from the MSRDC. The MSRDC will issue these instructions only after
receiving all stages of clearances from the Forest Department/ MoEF.
Vegetation only with girth of over 30 cm will be considered as trees and
shall be compensated.
The sub grade of the existing pavement shall be used as embankment fill
material.
The existing base and sub-base material shall be recycled as sub-base of
the haul road or access roads.
The existing bitumen surface may be utilized for the paving of cross
roads, access roads and paving works in construction sites and
campus, temporary traffic diversions, haulage routes etc.
The contractor shall identify disposal sites. The identified locations will
be reported to the Environmental Expert of IC. These locations will be
checked on site and accordingly approved by Environmental Expert of
IC prior to any disposal of waste materials. Clause No. 201.4
All arrangements for transportation during construction including MORT&H
Disposal of debris Specifications for
provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, will be
from dismantling Road and Bridge EO- IC,
C.1.2 considered incidental to the work and will be planned and implemented Contractor
structures and road works MSRDC
by the contractor as approved and directed by the Environmental Expert
surface
of IC.
The pre-designed disposal locations will be a part of Comprehensive
Solid Waste Management Plan to be prepared by Contractor in
consultation and with approval of Environmental Expert of IC.
Debris generated from pile driving or other construction activities shall
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
be disposed such that it does not flow into the surface water bodies or
form mud puddles in the area.
The pre-identified disposal locations will be a part of Comprehensive
Waste Disposal Management Plan to be prepared by the Contractor in
consultation and with approval of Environmental Expert of IC.
Location of disposal sites will be finalized prior to initiation of works on
any particular section of the road.
The Environmental Expert of IC will approve these disposal sites after
conducting a joint inspection on the site with the Contractor.
Contractor will ensure that any spoils of material unsuitable for
embankment fill will not be disposed off near any water course,
agricultural land, and natural habitat like grass lands or pastures. Such Clause No. 301.3.2
spoils from excavation can be used to reclaim borrow pits and low-lying MORT&H
Other Construction EO- IC,
C.1.3 areas located in barren lands along the project corridors (if so desired by Specifications for Contractor
Wastes Disposal MSRDC
the owner/community and approved by the Environment Expert IC). Road and Bridge
Non-bituminous wastes other than fly ash may be dumped in borrow works
pits (preferably located in barren lands) covered with a layer of the soil.
No new disposal site shall be created as part of the project, except with
prior approval of the Environmental Expert of IC.
All waste materials will be completely disposed and the site will be fully
cleaned and certified by Environmental Expert of IC before handing
over.
The contractor at its cost shall resolve any claim, arising out of waste
disposal or any non-compliance that may arise on account of lack of
action on his part.
The topsoil from all areas of cutting and all areas to be permanently Clause No. 301.2.2 EO- IC,
C.1.4 Stripping, stocking covered will be stripped to a specified depth of 150 mm and stored in MORT&H Contractor
and preservation of MSRDC
stockpiles. A portion of the temporarily acquired area and/or Right of Specifications for
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
top soil Way will be earmarked for storing topsoil. The locations for stock piling Road and Bridge
will be pre-identified in consultation and with approval of works
Environmental Expert of IC. The following precautionary measures will
be taken to preserve them till they are used:
(a) Stockpile will be designed such that the slope does not exceed 1:2
(vertical to horizontal), and height of the pile is restricted to 2 m. To
retain soil and to allow percolation of water, silt fencing will protect
the edges of the pile.
(b) Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise loaded and multiple
handling will be kept to a minimum to ensure that no compaction
will occur. The stockpiles shall be covered with gunny bags or
vegetation.
(c) It will be ensured by the contractor that the topsoil will not be
unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or when in
stockpiles.
Such stockpiled topsoil will be utilized for -
covering all disturbed areas including borrow areas only in case
where these are to be rehabilitated as farm lands (not those in
barren areas)
top dressing of the road embankment and fill slopes
filling up of tree pits, in the median and
In the agricultural fields of farmers, acquired temporarily.
Residual topsoil, if there is any will be utilized for the plantation at
median and side of the main carriageway.
The contractor will provide safe and convenient passage for vehicles, As per detailed EO- IC,
C.1.5 Accessibility Contractor
pedestrians and livestock to and from roadsides and property accesses guidelines provided MSRDC

Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
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connecting the project road, providing temporary connecting road. in EIA/EMP report
The Contractor will take care that Schools and religious places are
accessible to Public. The contractor will also ensure that the work on / at
existing accesses will not be undertaken without providing adequate
provisions and to the prior satisfaction of Environmental Expert of IC.
The contractor will take care that the cross roads are constructed in such
a sequence that construction work over the adjacent cross roads are
taken up one after one so that traffic movement in any given area not get
affected much.
Detailed Traffic Control Plans will be prepared and submitted to the
Resident Engineer for approval, seven days prior to commencement of
works on any section of road. The traffic control plans shall contain
details diversions; traffic safety arrangement during construction; safety
Clause No. 112
measures for night time traffic and precautions for transportation of
MORT&H
Planning for Traffic hazardous materials. Traffic control plans shall be prepared in line with Specifications for
requirements of IRCs SP- 55 document and The Contractor will ensure EO- IC,
C.1.6 Diversions and Road and Bridge Contractor
that the diversion/detour is always maintained in running condition, MSRDC
Detours works
particularly during the monsoon to avoid disruption to traffic flow.
IRC; SP 55
The contractor will also inform local community of changes to traffic
routes, conditions and pedestrian access arrangements with assistance
from IC and MSRDC. The temporary traffic detours will be kept free of
dust by sprinkling of water three times a day.
C.2
Earth from Borrow No borrow area will be opened without permission of the Environmental Clause No. 305.2.2 EO- IC,
C.2.1 Areas for Expert of IC. The location, shape and size of the designated borrow MORT&H Contractor
MSRDC
Construction areas will be as approved by the Environmental Expert of IC and in Specifications for
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
accordance to the IRC recommended practice for borrow pits for road Road and Bridge
embankments (IRC 10: 1961). works
The location and quantity of Aggregate, soil and other earth material are
given in Annexure 9D.
The unpaved surfaces used for the haulage of borrow materials, if
passing through the settlement areas or habitations; will be maintained
dust free by the contractor. Sprinkling of water will be carried out twice
a day to control dust along such roads during their period of use.
During dry seasons (winter and summer) frequency of water sprinkling
will be increased in the settlement areas.
Contractor will rehabilitate the borrow areas as soon as borrowing is
over from a particular borrow area in accordance with the Guidelines for
Redevelopment of Borrow Areas or as suggested by Environmental
Expert of IC.
The final rehabilitation plans will be approved by the EO from the IC.
The contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only after the
consent of the Department of Mining / SPCB (both the states) / District
Administration or will use existing approved sources of such materials.
Copies of consent/ approval/ rehabilitation plan for opening a new Clause No. 111.3
quarry or use of an existing quarry source will be submitted to MORT&H
Specifications for EO- IC,
C.2.2 Quarry Operations Environment Expert IC and the Resident Engineer. Road and Bridge Contractor
MSRDC
The contractor will develop a Comprehensive Quarry Redevelopment works
plan, as per the Mining Rules of the state and submit a copy to MSRDC
and IC prior to opening of the quarry site.
The quarry operations will be undertaken within the rules and
regulations in force in the state.
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
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Contractor will maintain all roads (existing or built for the project),
which are used for transporting construction materials, equipment and
machineries as prcised. All vehicles delivering fine materials to the site
Transporting will be covered to avoid spillage of materials.
Construction Contractor will arrange for regular water sprinkling as necessary for dust As per project EO- IC,
C.2.3 Contractor
Materials and Haul suppression of all such roads and surfaces with specific attention to the Requirement MSRDC
Road Management settlement areas.
The unloading of materials at construction sites/close to settlements will
be restricted to daytime only.
Contractor will arrange adequate supply and storage of water for the
whole construction period at his own costs. The Contractor will submit a
list of source/s from where water will be used for the project to
MSRDC through the Engineer. Clause No. 1010
The contractor will source the requirement of water preferentially from EP Act 1986
MORT&H EO- IC,
C.2.4 Construction Water ground water but with prior permission from the Ground Water Board. Contractor
A copy of the permission will be submitted to MSRDC through the Specifications for MSRDC
Engineer prior to initiation of construction. Road and Bridge
works
The contractor will take all precaution to minimize the wastage of water
in the construction process/ operation.
C.3
Contractor will ensure that no construction materials like earth, stone, Clause No. 501.8.6 EO- IC,
C.3.1 Drainage ash or appendage is disposed off in a manner that blocks the flow of MORT&H Contractor
MSRDC
water of any water course and cross drainage channels. Contractor will Specifications for
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
take all-necessary measures to prevent any blockage to water flow. In Road and Bridge
addition to the design requirements, the contractor will take all required works
measures as directed by the EO-IC and the Resident Engineer to
prevent temporary or permanent flooding of the site or any adjacent
area.
The Contractor will not excavate beds of any stream/canals/ any other
water body for borrowing earth for embankment construction.
Contractor will construct silt fencing at the base of the embankment
construction for the entire perimeter of any water body (including wells)
Clause No. 501.8.6
adjacent to the ROW and around the stockpiles at the construction sites
MORT&H
Siltation of Water close to water bodies. The contractor will also put up sedimentation cum
Specifications for
Bodies and grease traps at the outer mouth of the drains located in truck lay byes EO- IC,
C.3.2 Road and Bridge Contractor
Degradation of and bus bays which are ultimately entering into any surface water bodies MSRDC
works
Water Quality / water channels with a fall exceeding 1.5 m. in present case three
Water (P & CP) Act
Sedimentation Cum Grease Trap are proposed, However the item has
1981
been kept in case need arises during construction.
Contractor will ensure that construction materials containing fine
particles are stored in an enclosure such that sediment-laden water does
not drain into nearby watercourse.
The contractor will take slope protection measures as per design, or as Clause No. 306 &
directed by the Environmental Expert of IC to control soil erosion and 305.2.2 MORT&H
Slope Protection sedimentation. Specifications for
Road and Bridge EO- IC,
C.3.3 and Control of Soil All temporary sedimentation, pollution control works and maintenance Contractor
works MSRDC
Erosion thereof will be deemed as incidental to the earth work or other items of
work and as such as no separate payment will be made for them.
Contractor will ensure the following aspects:

Responsibility
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During construction activities on road embankment, the side slopes
of all cut and fill areas will be graded and covered with stone
pitching, grass and shrub as per design specifications.
Turfing works will be taken up as soon as possible provided the
season is favorable for the establishment of grass sods. Other
measures of slope stabilization will include mulching netting and
seeding of batters and drains immediately on completion of
earthworks.
In borrow pits, the depth shall be so regulated that the sides of the
excavation will have a slope not steeper than 1 vertical to 2
horizontal, from the edge of the final section of the bank.
Along sections abutting water bodies, stone pitching as per design
specification will protect slopes.
C.4
C.4.1
Clause No. 501.8.6
The Contractor will take all precautionary measures to prevent the MORT&H
wastewater generated during construction from entering into streams, Specifications for
Water Pollution water bodies or the irrigation system. Contractor will avoid construction Road and Bridge EO- IC,
C.4.1.1 from Construction works close to the streams or water bodies during monsoon. works Contractor
MSRDC
Wastes
All waste arising from the project is to be disposed off in the manner
that is acceptable and as per norms of the State Pollution Control Board. Water (P & CP) Act
1974
Water Pollution The contractor will ensure that all construction vehicle parking location, Clause No. 501.8.6 EO- IC,
C.4.1.2 Contractor
from Fuel and fuel/lubricants storage sites, vehicle, machinery and equipment MORT&H MSRDC
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
Lubricants maintenance and refueling sites will be located at least 500 m from Specifications for
rivers and irrigation canal/ponds. Road and Bridge
All location and layout plans of such sites will be submitted by the works
Contractor prior to their establishment and will be approved by the EO-
IC, MSRDC. Water (P & CP) Act
Contractor will ensure that all vehicle/machinery and equipment 1974
operation, maintenance and refueling will be carried out in such a
fashion that spillage of fuels and lubricants does not contaminate the
ground. Oil interceptors will be provided for vehicle parking, wash
down and refueling areas as per the design provided (Dig. .
Contractor will arrange for collection, storing and disposal of oily
wastes to the pre-identified disposal sites (list to be submitted to IC and
MSRDC) and approved by the Environmental Expert of IC. All spills
and collected petroleum products will be disposed off in accordance
with MoEF and state PCB guidelines.
EO-IC and Resident Engineer will certify that all arrangements
comply with the guidelines of PCB/ MoEF or any other relevant laws.
To limit the potential chemical attack the concrete foundation should
contain minimum cement concrete of 330 kg/cc
As per project EO- IC,
C.4.1.3 Chemical Attack For Under water concrete 10% extra cement is used. Contractor
Requirements MSRDC
Clear Concrete cover of minimum 75mm shall be provided to under
water structures.
Rain Water Rain water harvesting pit should be at least 3 - 5 m. above the highest As per project EO- IC,
C.4.1.4 Contractor
harvesting ground water table (Fig. 9.2). Requirements MSRDC
C.4.2

Responsibility
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No. Issue
All the plants will be sited at least 1 km in the downwind direction from
the nearest human settlement. Clause No. 111 &
The contractor will provide necessary certificates to confirm that all 501.8.6 MORT&H
crushers used in construction conform to relevant dust emission control Specifications for
legislation. Road and Bridge
The suspended particulate matter value at a distance of 40m from a unit works
located in a cluster should be less than 500 g/m3. The pollution
monitoring is to be conducted as per the monitoring plan. EO- IC,
C.4.2.1 Dust Pollution Contractor
MSRDC
Alternatively, only crushers licensed by the SPCB shall be used.
Required certificates and consents shall be submitted by the Contractor
in such a case to the EO-MSRDC through the Engineer.
Dust screening vegetation will be planted on the edge of the RoW for all Air (P & CP)
existing roadside crushers. Hot mix plant will be fitted with dust Act 1981
extraction units.
Contractor will ensure that all vehicles, equipment and machinery used
for construction are regularly maintained and confirm that pollution Clause No. 501.8.6
Emission from emission levels comply with the relevant requirements of SPCB. MORT&H
Construction Specifications for Road
and Bridge works EO- IC,
C.4.2.2 Vehicles, Contractor
The Contractor will submit PUC certificates for all vehicles/ Air (P & CP)Act 1981 MSRDC
Equipment and
Machineries equipment/machinery used for the project. Monitoring results will also
be submitted to MSRDC through the Engineer. Central Motor &
Vehicle Act 1988
C.4.3
C.4.3.1 Noise Pollution: The Contractor will confirm the following: Clause No. 501.8.6 Contractor EO- IC,
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
Noise from All plants and equipment used in construction shall strictly conform MORT&H MSRDC
Vehicles, Plants to the MoEF/CPCB noise standards. Specifications for Road
and Equipments All vehicles and equipment used in construction will be fitted with and Bridge works
exhaust silencers. EP Act 1986
Noise Rules
Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery will be done 2002
regularly and during routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of
exhaust silencers will be checked and if found defective will be
replaced.
Limits for construction equipment used in the project such as
compactors, rollers, front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes
(moveable), vibrators and saws shall not exceed 75 dB (A) (measured
at one meter from the edge of equipment in the free field), as
specified in the Environment (Protection) rules, 1986.
Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be regular
to keep noise levels at the minimum.
No construction activities will be permitted around educational
institutes/health centers (silence zones) up to a distance of 100 m from
the sensitive receptors i.e., school, health centers and hospitals between
9.00 am to 6.0 pm.
Monitoring shall be carried out at the construction sites as per the
monitoring schedule and results will be submitted to EO-MSRDC
through the Engineer.
C.5
Personal Safety Contractor will provide: The Building and EO- IC,
C.5.1 Contractor
Measures for Protective footwear and protective goggles to all workers employed Other Construction MSRDC

Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
Labour on mixing asphalt materials, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc. workers (Regulation of
Employment and
Welder's protective eye-shields to workers who are engaged in
Conditions of Service)
welding works
Act 1996 and cess Act
Protective goggles and clothing to workers engaged in stone breaking of 1996
activities and workers will be seated at sufficiently safe intervals Factories Act 1948
Earplugs to workers exposed to loud noise, and workers working in
crushing, compaction, or concrete mixing operation.
Adequate safety measures for workers during handling of materials.
The contractor will comply with all regulations regarding safe
scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells,
excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress.
The contractor will comply with all the precautions as required for
ensuring the safety of the workmen as per the International Labor
Organization (ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to
this contract.
The contractor will make sure that during the construction work all
relevant provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and
other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions
of Services) Act, 1996 are adhered to.
The contractor will not employ any person below the age of 14 years for
any work and no woman will be employed on the work of painting with
products containing lead in any form.
The contractor will also ensure that no paint containing lead or lead
products is used except in the form of paste or readymade paint.

Responsibility
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Contractor will provide facemasks for use to the workers when paint is
applied in the form of spray or a surface having lead paint dry is rubbed
and scrapped.
The Contractor will mark hard hat and no smoking and other high
risk areas and enforce non-compliance of use of PPE with zero
tolerance. These will be reflected in the Construction Safety Plan to be
prepared by the Contractor during mobilization and will be approved by
IC and MSRDC.
The contractor will take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic
during construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades,
including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as proposed in the
Traffic Control Plan/Drawings and as required by the EO-IC and
Resident Engineer for the information and protection of traffic IRC: SP: 55 EO- IC,
C.5.2 Traffic and Safety approaching or passing through the section of any existing cross roads. Contractor
MSRDC
The contractor will ensure that all signs, barricades, pavement markings
are provided as per the MOSRT&H specifications. Before taking up of
construction on any section of the existing lanes of the highway, a
Traffic Control Plan will be devised and implemented to the satisfaction
of EO-IC and Resident Engineer
The Contractor will take all required precautions to prevent danger from The Building and other
electrical equipment and ensure that - construction workers
(Regulation of
No material will be so stacked or placed as to cause danger or
Risk from Electrical Employment and EO- IC,
C.5.3 inconvenience to any person or the public. Contractor
Equipment(s) Conditions of Service) MSRDC
All necessary fencing and lights will be provided to protect the public
Act 1996 and Cess Act
in construction zones.
of 1996
All machines to be used in the construction will conform to the relevant
Indian Standards (IS) codes, will be free from patent defect, will be kept Factories Act 1948
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
in good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly
maintained as per IS provision and to the satisfaction of the Resident
Engineer.
The contractor will take all reasonable precautions to prevent danger to The Building and other
the workers and public from fire, flood etc. resulting due to construction construction workers
activities. (Regulation of
Employment and EO- IC,
C.5.4 Risk Force Measure The contractor will make required arrangements so that in case of any Contractor
Conditions of Service) MSRDC
mishap all necessary steps can be taken for prompt first aid treatment. Act 1996 and Cess Act
Construction Safety Plan prepared by the Contractor will identify of 1996
necessary actions in the event of an emergency. Factories Act 1948
The contractor will arrange for - The Building and other
construction workers
a readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of (Regulation of
sterilized dressing materials and appliances as per the Factories Rules Employment and
in every work zone EO- IC,
C.5.5 First Aid Conditions of Service) Contractor
MSRDC
availability of suitable transport at all times to take injured or sick Act 1996 and Cess Act
person(s) to the nearest hospital of 1996
Equipment and trained nursing staff at construction camp. Factories Act 1948
The contractor will provide, erect and maintain informatory/safety signs,
Informatory Signs EO- IC,
C.5.6 hoardings written in English and local language, wherever required as IRC:SP:55 Contractor
and Hoardings MSRDC
per IRC and MoSRT&H specifications.
C.6
The contractor will do the plantation at median and/or turfing at
Forest Conservation
Road side Plantation embankment slopes as per the tree plantation strategy prepared for the Act 1980 EO- IC,
C.6.1 project. Contractor
Strategy MSRDC
Minimum 80 percent survival rate of the saplings will be acceptable
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
otherwise the contractor will replace dead plants at his own cost. The
contractor will maintain the plantation till they handover the project site
to MSRDC.
The Environmental Expert of IC will inspect regularly the survival rate
of the plants and compliance of tree plantation guidelines.
The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen
or any other persons from removing and damaging any flora
(plant/vegetation) and fauna (animal) including fishing in any water
body and hunting of any animal.
If any wild animal is found near the construction site at any point of Forest Conservation
Flora and Chance Act 1980 EO- IC,
C.6.2 time, the contractor will immediately upon discovery thereof acquaint Contractor
found Fauna MSRDC
the Environmental Expert of IC and carry out the IC's instructions for Wild Life Act 1972
dealing with the same.
The Environmental Expert of IC will report to the near by forest office
(range office or divisional office) and will take appropriate steps/
measures, if required in consultation with the forest officials.
All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity, structures and other
remains or things of geological or archaeological interest discovered on
the site shall be the property of the Government and shall be dealt with
as per provisions of the relevant legislation. The Ancient
Chance Found
The contractor will take reasonable precautions to prevent his workmen Monument and EO- IC,
C.6.3 Archaeological Contractor
or any other persons from removing and damaging any such article or Archaeological Site MSRDC
Property
thing. He will, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal Remains Act 1958
acquaint the Environmental Expert of IC of such discovery and carry out
the IC's instructions for dealing with the same, waiting which all work
shall be stopped.

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The IC will seek direction from the Archaeological Survey of India
(ASI) before instructing the Contractor to recommence the work in the
site.
C.7
The Building and other
construction workers
(Regulation of
Employment and
Labor camp set up will not be required since it is an urban project and Conditions of Service) EO- IC,
C.7.1 Accommodation Contractor
contract labors will be hired locally. Act 1996 and Cess Act MSRDC
of 1996
Factories Act 1948
The Contractor will facilitate that the uncontaminated water is available

for drinking, cooking and washing.
The Building and
The Contractor will also provide potable water facilities within the other construction
precincts of every workplace in an accessible place, as per standards set workers (Regulation
by the Building and other Construction Workers (Regulation of of Employment and EO- IC,
C.7.2 Potable Water Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996. Conditions of Contractor
MSRDC
Service) Act 1996
and Cess Act of 1996
The contractor will also guarantee the following:
Factories Act 1948
a) Supply of sufficient quantity of potable water (as per IS) in every
workplace at suitable and easily accessible places and regular
maintenance of such facilities.

Responsibility
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b) If any water storage tank is provided that will be kept such that the
bottom of the tank at least 1mt. from the surrounding ground level.
c) If water is drawn from any existing well, which is within 30mt.
proximity of any toilet, drain or other source of pollution, the well
will be disinfected before water is used for drinking.
d) All such wells will be entirely covered and provided with a trap
door, which will be dust proof and waterproof.
e) A reliable pump will be fitted to each covered well. The trap door
will be kept locked and opened only for cleaning or inspection,
which will be done at least once in a month.
Testing of water will be done as per parameters prescribed in IS
10500:1991.
The contractor will ensure that -
As per project
Sanitation and All toilets in workplaces are with dry-earth system (receptacles) which EO- IC,
C.7.3 Specific Contractor
Sewage System are to be cleaned and kept in a strict sanitary condition. MSRDC
Requirement
Adequate water supply is to be provided in all toilets and urinals.
The contractor will provide garbage bins at construction sites and ensure
that these are regularly emptied and disposed off in a hygienic manner EO- IC,
C.7.4 Waste Disposal Contractor
as per the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan approved by MSRDC
the Environmental Expert of IC.
C.9
Clean-up Contractor will prepare site restoration plans, which will be approved by
EO- IC,
C.8.1 Operations, the Environmental Expert of IC. The clean-up and restoration operations Contractor
MSRDC
Restoration and are to be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. The

Responsibility
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No. Issue
Rehabilitation contractor will clear all temporary structures; dispose all garbage, night
soils as per Comprehensive Waste Management Plan and as approved
by IC.
All disposal pits or trenches will be filled in and effectively sealed off.
Residual topsoil, if any will be distributed in pre identified approved
areas or in places suggested by the EO - IC areas in a layer of
thickness of 75 mm-l50 mm. All construction zones including river-
beds, culverts, road-side areas, camps, hot mix plant sites, crushers,
batching plant sites and any other area used/affected by the project will
be left clean and tidy, at the contractor's expense, to the entire
satisfaction to the Environmental Expert of IC. and MSRDC will certify
in this regard.
OPERATION STAGE
Activities to be Carried Out by the MSRDC
The MSRDC will monitor the operational performance of the various MSRDC MSRDC
Monitoring mitigation/ enhancement measures carried out as a part of the project.
O.1 Operation The indicators selected for monitoring include the survival rate of trees; -
Performance utility of enhancement provision, status of rehabilitation of borrow areas
and disposal sites,
MSRDC
The periodic monitoring of the ambient air quality, noise level, water through
Pollution
O.2 (both ground and surface water) quality, soil pollution/ contamination in Pollution MSRDC
Monitoring
the selected locations as suggested in pollution monitoring plan. Monitoring
Agency
Ambient Air Ambient air concentrations of various pollutants shall be monitored as Air MSRDC MSRDC
O.3.1
Pollution envisaged in the pollution-monitoring plan (P & CP) through
Responsibility
Sl. Environmental
No. Issue
Act 1981 Pollution
Monitoring
Agency
Noise pollution will be monitored as per monitoring plan at sensitive MSRDC MSRDC
locations. Noise control programs are to be enforced strictly. through
O.3.2 Noise Pollution Noise Rules 2002 Pollution
Monitoring the effectiveness of the pollution attenuation barriers Monitoring
Hospital Boundary wall will be taken up thrice in the operation period. Agency
MSRDC MSRDC
through
Water (P & CP) Act
O.3.3 Water Pollution Water Quality will be monitored as per monitoring plan Pollution
1974
Monitoring
Agency
Visual monitoring and inspection of soil erosion at borrow areas, MSRDC MSRDC
Soil Erosion and
quarries (if closed and rehabilitated), and embankment > 2m. and other
O.4. Monitoring of
places expected to be affected, will be carried out once in every three
Borrow Areas
months as suggested in monitoring plan.
O.5 Road Safety Road Safety will be monitored during operation. MSRDC MSRDC

Species Recommended Near Settlements

Scientific name Common Name Best Propagation
Anthocephalus cadamba Kadamba Seeds
Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit, Seeds
Azadirachta indica Neem Seeds
Bauhinia varigata, Kachnar Seeds
Bauhinia purpurea,
Bauhinia racemosa
Emblica officinalis Amalaka Seeds, cutting, budding, inarching
Ficus bengalensis Banyan Seeds, cutting
Ficus religiosa Peepal, Ashwatha Seeds, cutting
Magnifera indica Mango Seeds, transplanting, grafting,
budding, and root cutting
Spondias pinnata Ambate Seeds
Tamarindus indica Tamarind Seeds
Species recommended for Landscaping in Areas further away from Settlements
Scientific Name Common Name Best propagation
Tectona grandis Teak Seeds.
Australian Wattle,
Acacia auriculiformis Seeds.
Accacia
Albizia procera Tellachinduga Seeds / polypots
Anthocephalus cadamba Kadamba Seeds
Azadirachta indica Neem tree, Veepachettu Seeds
Kachnar,
Bauhinia purpurea, B.
Devakanchanamu, Seeds
racemosa, B. Variegata
Kaanchanamu
Flame of the forest,
Butea monosperma Seeds
Mooduga, Palaasamu.
Indian laburnum,
Cassia fistula Reelachettu, Seeds, suckers
Vkoolaponna
Dalbergia sisoo Sissoo, Errasissoo Seeds, root and Stem cuttings.
Gulmohar,
Delonix regia Seeds, cutting
Seemasantkesula.
Amla,Amalakama,
Emblica officinalis Seeds, cutting, budding, inarching
Raatausirika
Ficus bengalensis Banyan, Peddamarri Seeds, cutting
Ficus glomerata Atti, Medichettu Seeds, cutting
Pakur, jatijuvi,
Ficus infectoria Seeds, cutting
Badijuvvi
Ficus religiosa Peepal, Ashwatha Seeds, cutting
Ficus semicordata Bommamarri Seeds / polypots
Nil Gulmohur,
Jacaranda mimosaefolia Seeds
Jacaranda
Mango, Maamidichettu, Seeds, transplanting, grafting,
Magnifera indica
Maavi budding, and root cutting
Mimusops hexandra Pala Seeds
Polyalthia longifolia Asokamu, Debdaru Seeds (fresh).
Psidium guayava Guava, Goyya Seeds, cutting, budding and grafting
Kadrojuvi, Kudrajini,
Putranjiva roxburghii Seeds and vegetative method
Putrajivika
Saraca asoka Ashok, Asokamu Seeds
Spathodea campanulata Indian Tulip Tree Seeds, cutting.
Syzygium cumini Jaman, Neereedu Seeds, cutting, budding and grafting
Tamarindus indica Tamarind, Chintachettu Seeds
Terminalia arjuna Arjun, Yerramaddi Seeds, cutting and air layering
Terminilia chebula Haritaki, Karakkaaya Seeds
Indian Tulip tree,
Thespesia populnea Seeds or cuttings
Gangaraavichettu
Species recommended for median plantation
Bauhinia acuminata Kanchan Seeds
Bouganvillea sp. Bouganvillea Cutting
Chinese Hibiscus,
Hibiscus rosa sinesis Cutting
Dasanamu
Lawsonig inermis Henna, Gorinta Seeds and cutting
Pink oleander,
Nerium indicum Cutting
Karaviram
Pila Kaneer, Yellow
Thevetia nerifolia Seeds, cutting
oleander, Pachaganneru

CHAPTER 10
ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET
CHAPTER 10
ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET
10.1. GENERAL
The environmental budget for the various environmental monitoring and management
measures proposed in the EMP and environmental monitoring plan are presented in
Table 10-1. There are several other environmental issues that have been addressed as
part of good engineering practices, the costs for which have been accounted for in the
Engineering Cost. Various environmental aspects covered under engineering costs are
listed below:
Safety signage
Junction development
Turfing and Pitching of slopes
Construction of slope protection works as retaining walls, crash barriers etc.
Cleaning of culverts
Waste management practices,

Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata Highway from ch. 4/500 to 18/500 (Katai Toll Plaza) and construction EIA/EMP Report
of Six lanes road in Between 0/000 and 18/500 to 21/000 in the state of Maharashtra
10.2. CONSTRUCTION RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION COSTS

This includes the mitigation costs for the following items as indicated in Table 10-1.
Dust Suppression/Management - The contractor shall take an all out effort to reduce the level of dust during construction. As a good
practice, the contractor shall use the vehicle mounted vacuum cleaner brooms instead through manual labour and brooms, which creates lot
of dust during road cleaning operation. The cost incurred for additional water sprinkling along the construction surface to suppress excessive
dust will be completely met from the environmental mitigation costs.
Compensatory afforestation
Due to proposed widening activity total 1835 trees affected and have to be removed. Afforestation work @ 1:2 shall be planted to
compensate the tree to be cut and approximately 4000 trees is proposed for the compensatory plantation. The cost for plantation of 4000 trees
is estimated and added in EMP budget for compensatory afforestation in Table 10.1
Sanitation and hygiene of labors
Keeping the sites tidy and clean is very important for protecting health and safety at work.
Installation of Noise barrier
Installation of noise barrier at sensitive location along the road project for minimizes the noise pollution. The cost is estimated and added in
EMP budget.
Construction of pedestrian overpass,
For minimize the road accident the pedestrian overpass is proposed . The estimated cost is added in EMP duget.
Construction of rain water harvesting
The rain water harvesting structure is proposed at every 500 m along the road project and the cost is estimated and added in EMP budget in
table 10.1.
Borrow Area Rehabilitation
The borrow areas shall be rehabilitated as per the Norms/Contractors agreements/ Environmental Management Plan and estimated cost is
added in EMP budget.
Prevention of Water and Soil Pollution
In order that water and soil does not get polluted from discharge of oil and grease from construction vehicle standing area, vehicle parking
area, and workshops, etc. an oil interceptor shall be provided at such locations
Rehabilitation and resettlement of the project affected person
Environmental Enhancement Measures
In general environmental enhancement measures such as landscaping, selective tree planting, improvement of the natural resources for the
local population and careful selection of species to be planted within the ROW) etc. shall be carried out to improve the aesthetics in the
project area. Environmental enhancement measures pertaining to Bus Shelter / Bus Bay, Truck Terminals, and Junction improvement should
be provided as per engineering designs.
Waste Disposal
Disposal of waste shall be carried out as per the Contractors Environmental Management Plan and waste disposal guideline.
Site Restoration
Restoration of construction sites such as diversions, workers camps (with respect to drainage arrangements, sanitation and storage area), and
at construction yards shall be taken up once the works at such locations have been completed as per the Contractors Site Restoration Plan
and Environmental Management Plan.

Table 10.1: EMP Budget

UNIT TOTAL
COMPONENT STAGE ITEM UNIT COST QUANTITY COST
(Rs.) (INR)
(A) Mitigation cost
Dust Management with
sprinkling of water, covers for
Air Construction day 1,200 400 480000
vehicles transporting
construction material
Oil Interceptor at parking of
Water Construction No 910000 1 910000
construction vehicle
Noise Construction Installation of Noise barrier LS 10000000
Rehabilitation of borrow and
Land Construction No 200000 5 1000000
quarry site
Biological Environment Construction Compensatory Afforestation No 500 4000 2000000
Safety,health and hygiene of
Construction No 500000 1 500000
Socio-economic construction labor
Environment Construciton of Pedestrian Budgted in engineering
Construction
overpas section
(A) Mitigation cost 14890000
(B) Monitoring costs (Monitoring shall be responsibility of the Contractor)
At 5 locations, twice in a year
Monitoring along the road by No. of for a period of 3 years and for
3,000 24 hours in 3 shifts 270000
contractor Samples
(Total 5x2x3x3 = 90 Samples)
Air Quality Construction
At 2 locations twice in a year
Monitoring at Hot mix plant for 3 years, for 24 hours in 3
No. of
and batch plant (ambient air 3,000 shifts 108000
Samples
quality)
(Total 2x2x3x3 =36 Samples)

UNIT TOTAL
(Rs.) (INR)
Monitoring at Hot mix plant At 2 locations twice in a year
No. of
and batch plant (Stack 4,000 for 3 years (Total 2x2x3 =12 48000
Samples
Monitoring) Samples)
Monitoring along the road at At 3 locations, twice in a year
locations where monitoring No. of for a period of one years
Operation 54000
was done during Samples
3,000 (Total 3x3x2x1= 18 samples)
constructions
Drinking water quality At 5 location, twice in a year
No. of
Construction monitoring for labours/ works for 3 years(Total 2x3x3 = 18 72000
Samples 4,000
site samples)
Water Quality Monitoring along the road at
locations where monitoring
Operation -do- 4,000 for 1 year (Total 3x2x1 = 6 24000
was done during
samples)
constructions
At 5 location, twice in a year
Monitoring along the Hot mix No. of for 3 years for 24 hours in day
Construction 1,000 30000
plant and Batch plant Samples time & night time (Total
5x2x3 =30Samples)
Noise Quality
Monitoring along the road at
locations where monitoring No, of
Operation 1,000 for 1 years (Total 3x2x1 =3 6000
was done during Samples
Samples)
constructions
Monitoring along hot mix No of
Construction 2,000 for 3 years (Total 3x2x3 = 18 36000
plant and batch plant Samples
samples)
Soil Quality
Monitoring at hot mix plant No. of
Operation 2,000 for 1years (Total 3x2x1 = 6 12000
and batch plant Samples
samples)

UNIT TOTAL
(Rs.) (INR)
Sub-Total B- Monitoring Costs 660000
SubTotal C-Training & Miscellaneous costs
Training & Mobilization Construction
As per modules developed L.S. 50000
costs and operation
Provision for the water
Construction
supply facilities for the 60000
phase
construction camps
Rain water harvesting Constriction 2 rainwater harvesting
50000 42 2100000
units Phase structure in one km for 21 km
Sub-Total C: Training & Mobilization costs 2210000
SUMMARY
Sub Total A: Mitigation 14890000
Sub Total B: Monitoring Cost 660000
Sub Total C: Training & Other Costs 2210000
TOTAL 17760000
Contingency @ 5% 888000
TOTAL BUDGETED COSTS 18648000


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4 - EIA REPORT

MAHARASHTRA STATE ROAD DEVELOPMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Construction of Elevated Road on Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Shil Phata

AAQ - Ambient Air Quality

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 1

Figure 2.1: Location of the project road ......................................................................................................... 2-2

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page i

ES.2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1

Development of Kalyan ring road,

Phase-IA is from Ch. 0 + 000 to Ch. 5+200.

ES.3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 2

ES.4. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

Topography and Geography

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 3

Hydrology of River Basin and Drainage Pattern:

Water and Water Quality:

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 4

Ambient Air Quality:

Ambient Noise level:

ES.5. ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 5

ES.6. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

ES.7. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGREMMES

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 6

ES.9. PROJECT BENEFITS

ES.10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 7

ES.11. ENVIRONMENT BUDGET

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 8

Environmental study of the proposed construction activities is continued to establish

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT & PROJECT ROAD

The Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd (MSRDC), (the

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-1

Fig. 1.1 : Index Map of Project Road

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-2

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT ROAD

Highway road projects are generally undertaken to improve transportation, economic

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-4

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-5

2. The baseline environmental information in the study area viz., climate,

Environmental To carry out a preliminary environmental screening of the

highway and to propose cost-effective measures to enhance

1.6 PRESENT STATUS OF THE PROJECT

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-8

The environmental assessment study would be started with a detailed reconnaissance

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-9

Chapter 3: Analysis of Alternatives - discusses the criteria for identification and

M/s AECOM Asia Company Limited in Consortium Page 1-10

CONSULTING ENGINEERS GROUP LTD. Page 2-1

Figure 2.1: Location of the project road

CONSULTING ENGINEERS GROUP LTD. Page 2-2

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Figure 2.4: Site Photograph (Start Point)

Figure 2.5: Site Photograph (End Point)

CONSULTING ENGINEERS GROUP LTD. Page 2-5

2.2.1 Right of Way (ROW)

The ROW is required to be suitably adjusted to accommodate, junctions, interchanges,

2.2.2 Bridge and culverts