R Unit1 Multiple Choice Bits

_____ programming language is a dialect of S.
A) B
B) C
C) R
D) K
ANSWER: C
Point out the WRONG statement :

A) Early versions of the S language contain functions for statistical modeling
B) The book Programming with Data by John Chambers documents S version of the
language
C) In 1993 Bell Labs gave StatSci (later Insightful Corp.) an exclusive license
to develop and sell the S language
D) All of the mentioned
ANSWER: A
In 2004, ________ purchased the S language from Lucent for $2 million.

A) Insightful
B) Amazon
C) IBM
ANSWER: A
In 1991, R was created by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman in the Department
of Statistics at the University of _________.
A) John Hopkins
B) California
C) Harvard
D) Auckland
ANSWER: D
Point out the wrong statement :

A) R is a language for data analysis and graphics
B) K is language for statistical modelling and graphics
C) One key limitation of the S language was that it was only available in a
commercial package, S-PLUS
D) None of the mentioned
ANSWER: B
Finally, in _________ R version 1.0.0 was released to the public.

A) 2000
B) 2005
C) 2010
D) 2012
ANSWER: A
R is technically much closer to the Scheme language than it is to the

original _____ language.
A) B
B) C
C) C++
D) S
ANSWER: D
The R-help and _____ mailing lists have been highly active for over a decade
now
A) R-mail
B) R-devel
C) R-dev
ANSWER: B
Which of the following describes R language ?

A) Free
B) Paid
C) Available for free trial only
ANSWER: A
The copyright for the primary source code for R is held by the ______
Foundation.
A) A
B) S
C) C
D) R
ANSWER: D
They primary R system is available from the ______

A) CRAN
B) CRWO
C) GNU
ANSWER: A

A) Key feature of R was that its syntax is very similar to S
B) R runs only on Windows computing platform and operating system
C) R has been reported to be running on modern tablets, phones, PDAs, and game
consoles
ANSWER: B
R functionality is divided into a number of ________

A) Packages
B) Functions
C) Domains
ANSWER: A
The most convenient way to use R is at a graphics workstation running a

________ system.
A) windowing
B) running
C) interfacing
ANSWER: A

A) Setting up a workstation to take full advantage of the customizable features
of R is a straightforward thing
B) q() is used to quit the R program
C) R has an inbuilt help facility similar to the man facility of UNIX
ANSWER: B
Which of the following is default prompt for UNIX environment ?
A) >
B) >>
C) <
ANSWER: A
Which of the following will start the R program ?
A) $ R
B) > R
C) * R
ANSWER: A
A) Windows versions of R have other optional help system also
B) The help.search command (alternatively ??) allows searching for help in
various ways
C) R is case insensitive as are most UNIX based packages, so A and a are
different symbols and would refer to different variables
ANSWER: C
Which of the following statement is alternative to ?solve

A) help(solve)
B) man(solve)
C) hel(solve)
ANSWER: A
Elementary commands in R consist of either _______ or assignments.

A) utilstats
B) language
C) expressions
ANSWER: C
If a command is not complete at the end of a line, R will give a different

prompt, by default it is :
A) *
B)
C) +
ANSWER: C
Command lines entered at the console are limited to about ________ bytes.
A) 3000
B) 4095
C) 5000
ANSWER: B
_____ text editor provides more general support mechanisms via ESS for
working interactively with R.
A) EAC
B) Emacs
C) Shell
ANSWER: B
What would be the result of following R code ?> x <- 1 > print(x)
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
ANSWER: A

A) The grammar of the language determines whether an expression is complete or
not
B) The <- symbol is the assignment operator in R
C) The ## character indicates a comment
D) None of the mentioned [expand title=""]
ANSWER: C
Files containing R scripts ends with extension :

A) .S
B) .R
C) .Rp
ANSWER: B

A) operator is used to create integer sequences
B) The numbers in the square brackets are part of the vector itself
C) There is a difference between the actual R object and the manner in which
that R object is printed to the console
D) None of the above
ANSWER: B
If commands are stored in an external file, say commands.R in the working

directory work, they may be executed at any time in an R session with the
command :
A) source(commands.R)
B) exec(commands.R)
C) execute(commands.R)
ANSWER: A
_______ will divert all subsequent output from the console to an external
file.
A) sink
B) div
C) exp
ANSWER: A
The entities that R creates and manipulates are known as ________

A) objects
B) task
C) container
ANSWER: A
Which of the following can be used to display the names of (most of) the
objects which are currently stored within R ?
A) object()
B) objects()
C) list()
ANSWER: B
Collection of objects currently stored in R is called as :

A) package
B) workspace
C) list
ANSWER: B
R has how many atomic classes of objects ?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
ANSWER: D
Point out the correct statement :

A) Empty vectors can be created with the vector() function
B) A sequence is represented as a vector but can contain objects of different
classes
C) raw objects are commonly used directly in data analysis
ANSWER: A
Numbers in R are generally treated as _______ precision real numbers.

A) single
B) double
C) real
ANSWER: B
If you explicitly want an integer, you need to specify the _____ suffix.
A) D
B) R
C) L
ANSWER: C

A) The value NaN represents undefined value
B) Number Inf represents infinity in R
C) NaN can also be thought of as a missing value
ANSWER: B
Attributes of an object (if any) can be accessed using the ______ function.
A) objects()
B) attrib()
C) attributes()
ANSWER:c
R objects can have attributes, which are like ________ for the object.
A) metadata
B) features
C) expression
ANSWER: A
Which of the following can be considered as object attribute ?

A) dimensions
B) class
C) length
ANSWER: D
What would be the result of following code ?

> x <- vector("numeric", length = 10)
> x
A) 10
B) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
C) 01
ANSWER: B
The ___ function can be used to create vectors of objects by concatenating

things together.
A) cp()
B) c()
C) concat()
ANSWER: B
Which of the following statement is invalid ?

A) x <- c(1+0i, 2+4i)
B) x <- c(TRUE, FALSE)
C) x <- c(T, F)
D) None of the mentioned [expand title=""]
ANSWER: D
A) Use explicit TRUE and FALSE values when indicating logical values
B) rm command is used to remove objects in R
C) R operates on named data structures
D) All of the mentioned [expand title=""]
ANSWER: D
What would be the result of following code ?

> x <- 6
> class(x)
A) integer
B) double
C) real
ANSWER: B
What will the following code print ?

> x <- 0:6
> as.logical(x)
A) FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
B) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
C) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
ANSWER: A

A) The usual operator, <-, can be thought of as a syntactic short-cut to
expression operation
B) Assignment can also be made using the function assignment()
C) Vectors can be used in arithmetic expressions, in which case the operations
are performed element by element
ANSWER:c
Which of the following is invalid assignment ?

A) > c(10.4, 5.6, 3.1, 6.4, 21.7) -> x
B) > assign("x", c(10.4, 5.6, 3.1, 6.4, 21.7))
C) > x <- c(10.4, 5.6, 3.1, 6.4, 21.7)
ANSWER: D
Which of the following code constructs vector of length 11 ?

A) > v <- 3*x + y + 1
B) > v <- 3*x + y + 2
C) > v <- 2*x + y + 1
ANSWER: C
_______ function returns a vector of the same size as x with the elements
arranged in increasing order
A) sort()
B) orderasc()
C) orderby()
ANSWER: A
Which of the following is used for generating sequences ?

A) seq()
B) sequence()
C) order()
ANSWER: A

A) is.nan() is used to test objects if they are NA
B) is.nan() is used to test for NaN
C) NA values have a class also, so there are integer NA, character NA, etc
ANSWER: A
Data frames can be converted to a matrix by calling data._______

A) as.matr()
B) as.mat()
C) as.matrix()
ANSWER: C
Which of the following is invalid assignment ?
A) > x <- list("Los Angeles" = 1, Boston = 2, London = 3)

B) > names(x) <- c("New York", "Seattle", "Los Angeles")
C) > name(x) <- c("New York", "Seattle", "Los Angeles")
ANSWER: C
What would be the output of the following code ?

> x <- 1:3
> names(x)
A) NULL
B) 1
C) 2
ANSWER: A
What would be the output of the following code ?
> m <- matrix(1:4, nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
> dimnames(m) <- list(c("a", "b"), c("c", "d"))
> m
A) c d
a 1 3
b 2 4
B)
c d
a 1 2
b 2 3
C) c d
a 1 3
b 4 2
ANSWER: A
Which of the following statement changes column name to h and f ?

A) colnames(m) <- c("h", "f")
B) columnnames(m) <- c("h", "f")
C) rownames(m) <- c("h", "f")
ANSWER: A
Which of the following is used for reading tabular data ?

A) read.csv
B) dget
C) readLines
ANSWER: A
Which of the following is used for reading in saved workspaces ?

A) unserialize
B) load
C) get
ANSWER: B

A) write.table is used for for writing tabular data to text files (i.e. CSV) or
connections
B) writeLines is used for for writing character data line-by-line to a file or
connection
C) dump is used for for dumping a textual representation of multiple R objects
ANSWER: D
________ is used for outputting a textual representation of an R object

A) dput
B) dump
C) dget
ANSWER: A
Which of the following argument denotes if the file has a header line ?
A) header
B) sep
C) file
ANSWER: A

A) unserialize is used for converting an R object into a binary format for
outputting to a connection
B) save is used for saving an arbitrary number of R objects in binary format to
a file
C) The read.data() function is one of the most commonly used functions for
reading data
ANSWER: B

R Unit1 Multiple Choice Bits

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R Unit1 Multiple Choice Bits

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_____ programming language is a dialect of S.

Point out the WRONG statement :

In 2004, ________ purchased the S language from Lucent for $2 million.

Point out the wrong statement :

Finally, in _________ R version 1.0.0 was released to the public.

R is technically much closer to the Scheme language than it is to the

Which of the following describes R language ?

They primary R system is available from the ______

Point out the wrong statement :

R functionality is divided into a number of ________

The most convenient way to use R is at a graphics workstation running a

Point out the wrong statement :

Which of the following statement is alternative to ?solve

Elementary commands in R consist of either _______ or assignments.

If a command is not complete at the end of a line, R will give a different

Point out the wrong statement :

Files containing R scripts ends with extension :

Point out the wrong statement :

If commands are stored in an external file, say commands.R in the working

The entities that R creates and manipulates are known as ________

Collection of objects currently stored in R is called as :

R has how many atomic classes of objects ?

Point out the correct statement :

Numbers in R are generally treated as _______ precision real numbers.

Point out the correct statement :

Which of the following can be considered as object attribute ?

What would be the result of following code ?

The ___ function can be used to create vectors of objects by concatenating

Which of the following statement is invalid ?

What would be the result of following code ?

What will the following code print ?

Point out the correct statement :

Which of the following is invalid assignment ?

Which of the following code constructs vector of length 11 ?

Which of the following is used for generating sequences ?

Point out the wrong statement :

Data frames can be converted to a matrix by calling data._______

Which of the following is invalid assignment ?

A) > x <- list("Los Angeles" = 1, Boston = 2, London = 3)

What would be the output of the following code ?

Which of the following statement changes column name to h and f ?

Which of the following is used for reading tabular data ?

Which of the following is used for reading in saved workspaces ?

Point out the wrong statement :

________ is used for outputting a textual representation of an R object

Point out the correct statement :

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