Mutiara Riahna Sitepu

03012179

CHAPTER 3

Exercise 1
1. At the Boston slave market, Phyllis //was purchased // by John
Wheatley.
2. In a few years, Phyllis //had learned// geography, history, and
Latin.
3. Her mistress, Mrs. Wheatley, // was impressed // by the childs
aptitude.
4. At the age of thirteen, she //wrote // her first poem.
5. In 1773 her first book of poems //was published //
6. With the London publication of her book, her fame //spread //
on both side of the Atlantic.

Exercise 2
1. C
2. NC (was were)
3. C
4. NC (were was)
5. C
6. C

Exercise 3
1. (C) Phyllis Wheatley was
2. (B) Land travel
3. (B) were about
4. (B) The poet and Baptist preacher of Long Island
5. (C) was Benjamin Banneker
6. (D) was difficult

Exercise 4
1. (B) There was.
2. (A) It was
3. (D) There
4. (A) There were
5. (C) It was

Exercises on Parts of a Sentence

1. (A) Phosphors are used
2. (C) Form
3. (B) There are three types
 4. (D) It is impossible
5. (A) It takes
6. (B) Mountaineering as we know it
7. (C) It is nearly three-quarters
8. (D) there were
9. (B) It was
10. (D) Stonefish
11. (C) is widely
12. (A) To travel

CHAPTER 4

Exercise 1
1. The word olympic comes from Olympia in Greece.
2. In .. 394, abolished the Olympic Games.
3. In 1875, archeologists discovered the ruins of the Olympic
Stadium in Greece.
4. The French educator Pierre de Coubertin proposed that the
Games be revived.
5. Since 1896 the Olympic Games was held every four years with
some exceptions.
6. In the Olympic Games of 1896, the athletes were men only.
7. Women were admitted in 1900.

Exercise 2
1. The Olympics took place every four years between 776 ..
and .. 394.
2. Women started to participate in the Games in 1900.
3. From 1896 to present, the Olympic Games have been held
every four years.
4. With a few recent exceptions, professional athletes do not
take parts in the Olympic Games.
5. With this international competition, Pierre de Coubertin
wanted to encourage both sport and world peace.
6. In 1916, 1940, and 1944 the Olympic Games had not taken
place.

Exercise 3
1. (A) was renewed.
2. (B) began
3. (B) are opened
4. (D) were not recognized
5. (A) made
6. (B) was chosen
Exercise 4
1. The first modern Olympic series were held in Athens in 1896.
2. The first Olympic Village was built for the Games in 1932.
3. The Olympic flag was flown for the first time in 1920.
4. In the 1936 Olympics, the orchestra was led by the composer
Richard Strauss.
5. The Olympic Games were cancelled in 1916 because of World
War I.
6. The Summer Games were shown on television for the first
time in 1936.

Exercise 5
1. (A) to take part
2. (B) to bring
3. (B) stopping
4. (A) participating
5. (B) to stop
6. (A) taking place

Exercises on Verbs
1. (B) was published
2. (A) is found
3. (C) have lived
4. (C) have advanced
5. (A) sense
6. (A) has begun
7. (B) stressed stressing.
8. (C) makes made.
9. (B) being to be.
10. (B) to remembering remembering.
11. (C) being to be.
12. (C) clung clinging

CHAPTER 5

Exercise 1
1. Mount St. Helens erupted on May 18, 1980.
2. Scientists had predicted that an eruption was likely, so no one
was surprised by it.
3. In April 1980, one side of the mountain started to swell.
4. The explosion of hot gases was followed by hot ash.
5. Cities were covered with ash from the mountain.
 6. The ash from the mountain went as far as the Atlantic Ocean
on the other side of continent.

Exercise 2
A volcanic eruption occurred in Krakatoa, Indonesia on August
27, 1883. Due to the eruption, 36,000 people died.
A potato famine happened in Ireland in 1840s. As a result, 1.5
million people died.
A flood in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, U.S. on May 1889 caused
2,200 people died.
An earthquake in Tangshan, China on July 28, 1976 resulted in
242,000 people died.
A tidal wave occurred in Bangladesh in 1970 so that 200,000
people died.
A tornado hit in Ohio, U.S. on April 3, 1974 caused 315 people
died.
A fire happened in Yellowstone Park, U.S. in 1980. Because of
the fire, 1.3 million acres burned.
Exercise 3
1. The destructive phenomena of Mount St. Helens were not
confined to volcanic debris.
2. Valuable chemical products are obtained from volcanic
substance, including gold and silver.
3. The 1989 San Francisco earthquake resulted in 59 deaths and
massive property damage.
4. One growing season after another without rain quickly leads to
starvation in many parts of the world.
5. Disease can sometimes be overcome by advanced in modern
medicine.
6. Since the Irish depended on their potato crop for food, the
potato famine had devastating result.
7. Poor farming practices contributed to the dust bowl as much
as weather conditions.
8. When there in famine in a country, the people must rely on
the goodwill of other countries to provide them with the food
they need.

Exercise 4
1. The 1980 Mount of St. Helens eruption ranks low compared to
other volcanic eruptions.
2. Some people think it is necessary for the forest fires to happen
occasionally do that new trees will grow.
3. Typical of American enterprise, a thriving cottage industry
developed in marketing the ash from Mount St. Helens.
 4. Volcanic ash in the atmosphere is responsible for brilliant red
sunsets and sunrises.
5. The earth looks very different from the way it looked millions
of years ago.
6. The type of gas ejected from a volcanic eruption is related to
the volcano and the type of eruption.
7. Countries whose economy is entirely based on agriculture
suffer most when a crop fails.
8. People were surprised at the amount of destruction the
eruption of Mount St. Helens caused.

Exercise 5
1. Mount St. Helens exploded in an eruption with the energy
equivalent of 10 million tons of TNT.
2. With the ever-growing need for power, volcanoes and their by-
products are of increasing value.
3. To the scientist, volcanoes provide first-hand evidence of the
composition of the earth.
4. An example of an island that consists entirely of volcanic
material is Iceland.
5. Iceland, Italy, New Zealand, and the state of California make
practical use of volcanic steam.
6. The El Chichon eruption in Mexico had the greatest effect on
the worlds weather.
7. In recent years, the crater of Vesuvius has been sealed off to
lessen the danger of another explosion.
8. Plague and famine can be results of social problems within a
community.

Exercise 6
1. According to some reports, the effect of the tsunami from
Krakatoa was felt 11,000 miles away.
2. In addition to seismographs, tilt meters measure deformations
of the surface before volcanic activity.
3. The loss in terms of individual trees after the Mount St. Helens
eruptions came to six millions.
4. Airplanes and trains were affected because of poor visibility
after the eruption.
5. In view of their devastating results, much thought has been
given to forecasting volcanic eruptions.
6. Thirty-five people died as a result of the Mount St. Helens
eruption.
7. In spite of the death and destruction volcanoes cause, they
benefit the land in many ways.
 8. Prior to the eruption, a 300-foot bulge was observed on one
side of Mount St. Helens.

Exercise 7
1. Mount St. Helens had last erupted in 1857.
2. Mount St. Helens exploded at about 8 a.m. Sunday.
3. The eruption was on May 18, 1980.
4. In the summer of 1816 the weather in the United States was
affected by volcanic activity.
5. Mount St. Helens is in the state of Washington.
6. The volcano Paricutin in Mexico erupted in 1943.
7. Before the eruption, Mount St. Helens was on one of the most
beautiful areas in North America.
8. Most houses in Reykjavik in Iceland are heated by natural
steam.
9. Mount St. Helens started to be active from March 20 to May
18, 1980.
10. A chain of volcanoes runs from the East Indies to the
Mediterranean.

Exercise 8
1. Volcanoes by land are best known, but those beneath the sea
sometimes make headline news.
2. At times volcanoes have affected the world weather.
3. In theory, volcanic eruptions are difficult to classify.
4. There are about 500 volcanoes in existence.
5. It looked as if the mountain were on fire.
6. Volcanic ash is destructive; on the other hand, it later
produces a very fertile soil.
7. In general, a temperature of 100C is reached at about 10,000
feet in the earths crust.
8. Mount St. Helens was by far the most publicized eruption in
recent times.

Exercises on Prepositions
1. (D) named by named from.
2. (A) responsible of responsible to.
3. (C) based of based on.
4. (C) differ with differ from.
5. (C) made up of millions made up by millions.
6. (B) covered in covered by.
7. (B) of our diet on our diet.
8. (B) of space in space.
9. (D) connected with connected to.
10. (A) the importance in the importance of.
11. (A) controls by controls.
12. (C) in the surface on the surface.