UNIT 1

SENSE VERBS

A sense verb is a verb that describes one of the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch, and taste.
Verbs such as look, seem, taste, feel, smell, and sound are sensory (sense) verbs.

It is important to use adjectives rather than adverbs with sense verbs.

CORRECT : The cookies smelled delicious.

INCORRECT: The cookies smelled deliciously.

CORRECT : This fabric feels so good on the skin.

INCORRECT: This fabric feels so well on the skin.

BUT when you are describing the manner in which someone senses something, however, you
should use an adverb.

I listened carefully to the instructions.

I looked surreptitiously at the scar on his face.

I smelled the cookies slowly.

She looked at him angrily. ("angrily" describes the way that she looked at him)

She looked angry.( "angry" does not refer to the verb but to the subject)

1- Choose the correct word

a- I love my new sweater. It feels so _______________. (soft / softly)
b- This violin sounds___________________(wonderful / wonderfully)
c- This shampoo smells _____________.(like coconut /coconut/as if coconut/wonderfully)
d- I love this perfume. It _____________ so fresh! (is smelling/smells)
e- I love curry. It tastes_____________(delicious/deliciously)

WILL for predictions | Unplanned decisions

o Predictions

We often use the Future Simple when making a prediction based on experience or intuition and not
on present evidence. Whether or not the event will happen is not certain. Such predictions are often
introduced by I think / I don't think:

It will rain in a moment.

It will get more difficult.

I think he will regret his choice.

Let's buy the snacks at the supermarket it will be cheaper that way.
 Be going to is used to make predictions that are based on present evidence.

My sister's going to have a baby. (we can see that she is pregnant)

o Unplanned decisions

Use this tense also to talk about unplanned (spontaneous) decisions.

Don't worry! I will help you with this problem.

I will close the window. It's starting to rain.

Remember

Remember, you should never use will to say what somebody has already arranged or decided to do
in the future:

Correct: Mike is moving to New Jersey next month.

Incorrect: Mike will move to New Jersey next month.

As you can see, the Present Continuous and going to are used to express future arrangements.

Mike is moving to New Jersey next month. (not "Mike will move.")

I'm going to visit my friend tonight. (not "I will visit my friend tonight.")

Paul isn't free on Thursday. He's working in his aunt's shop.

Be going to is used to express future intentions that have already been decided before the time of
speaking:

I can't make it on Saturday. I'm going to help my parents around the house. (referring to a decision
that the speaker has made in the past)

Predictions
WILL BE GOING TO
a) to make predictions based on our feelings a) to make predictions based on the
(what we think will happen- with verbs: think, present situation.
believe, expect, be sure) or to make statements (what we can see it is going to happen)
of fact about the future. I think your There are many clouds in the sky. Its going
cholesterol will go up a little bit. to rain.
Obesity will increase in the USA in the following
years.
Decisions and Intentions
b) to express an instant decision. b) to express plans and intentions.
(deciding at the time of speaking) ( we have already decided)
Its cold. Ill shut the window. We are going to have dinner at the restaurant
next Saturday, because its my mothers birthday.

SHOULD

To express duty or obligation

We should respect our parents and teachers.

We should help them.

I should go now.

You should not say such things to her.

He should be punctual.

You should pay the fees in time.

 WIN, EARN, GAIN

Win (won) = To Be #1 In A Competition, Or To Receive An Award.

My soccer team won the game 3-1.

I want to win the lottery!
John won a prize in the science competition.

You can win a game, a race, a match, a competition, or the lottery. You can also win a medal (like
in the Olympics), a prize, or an award.

Earn (earnes) = To Get Something In Exchange For Your Work, For Example: A Salary. (=to make
money)

Sarah is a famous lawyer; she earns a lot of money.

Im not rich, but I earn a decent salary.
My bank account earns 2% interest per month.
Peter doesnt earn much money

Gain (gained) = To Get or To Increase, For Example: Weight, time, experience, recognition,
confidence, strength.

Ive gained five pounds since I stopped exercising.

Is she pregnant? It looks like shes gained some weight.
Jacks car gained speed as he drove down the mountain.
Oscar gained so much experience in that job.

Win or Beat
You WIN a GAME, but you BEAT an OPPONENT.

The verb win (won/ won) is used for events or competition. For instance, we can say win a
match/competition/tournament/game/Or you can say win a prize/the lottery/etc. However, we
cant say win someone/a team/etc.. For this use, we have the verb beat(beat / beaten),
which in Spanish translates as vencer.

Alice won the first prize.

Alice beat John to win the first prize.
 Common Illnesses
a cold
I've got a cold and can't go to the gym.

a cough
Your cough is really persistent; you should go to the doctor.

a fever
Mom felt my forehead to see if I had a fever.

the flu
Flu symptoms incude fever, cough, and a sore throat.

a headache
I've had a headache since I got up this morning.

a stomachache
Lemon tea is good for a stomachache. Do you want some?

a toothache
I can't stand this toothache. I have to go to the dentist

asthma
This inhaler helps me control my asthma.

a backache
My mum said she had suffered a backache for over a week.

a broken leg
How are you going to run with a broken leg?

an earache
I went to the doctor for my earache

a hurtburn
Do you have an antacid? I have a bad case of heartburn.

measles (sarampin)
Did you have measles when you were a kid?

a rash
I'm worried about this rash on my leg

a sore throat
I don't want to go to school today. I have a sore throat.
 UNIT 2

IN / ON + News Media

Use ON with electronic devices / digital media. IN with traditional paper items

ON IN
On a news website In a newspaper
On a smartphone In the headlines
On a social media site
On the radio
On TV

Get together / meeting

Get-together is an informal way of saying "gathering". Get-together has

more of a social connotation though they technically mean the same.

Meeting = formal gathering with objectives usually for business.

"I don't want to go to the meeting today... But if I don't go my boss will fire
me!"
Every month we have a friendly get together.
Tonight I have a business meeting.

Past Continuous vs Past Simple

We often use the past continuous and the past simple tense together. When this happens,
the past continuous describes a longer, background action or situation and the past
simple describes the action or events.

When I woke up this morning it was raining and my father was singing in the kitchen.
I was walking home, whistling happily, when I saw two masked men run out of the bank.

Often, the action described by the past simple tense interrupts the situation described by
the past continuous tense.

I broke my leg when I was skiing.

I was playing a computer game when the doorbell rang.

You (work) .as a waitress in a cocktail bar, when I (meet)

you.
When I (walk) into the room it was chaos! The dog (run)
.. around the room and the children (write) ..on the walls.

Excuse me sir. Can you tell us what you (do) at 11 o'clock last
night?

As soon as I (see) the accident I (call) the police.

The day I (hear) the news I (study) ..for my exams.