Response of Outrigger System For High Rise Structure Under Wind and Earthquake Loadings

ABSTRACT
Tall building development has been rapidly increasing worldwide introducing new
challenges that need to be met through engineering judgment. In modern tall buildings, lateral
loads induced by wind or earthquake are often resisted by a system of coupled shear walls. But
when the building increases in height, the stiffness of the structure becomes more important and
introduction of outrigger beams between the shear walls and external columns is often used to
provide sufficient lateral stiffness to the structure.The outrigger is commonly used as one of the
structural system to effectively control the excessive drift due to lateral load, so that, during
small or medium lateral load due to either wind or earthquake load, the risk of structural and
nonstructural damage can be minimized. For high-rise buildings, particularly in seismic active
zone or wind load dominant, this system can be chosen as an appropriate structure.
The objective of this thesis is to study the behavior of outrigger and, outrigger location
optimization and the efficiency of each outrigger when two outriggers are used in the structure.
In 75storey three dimensional models of outrigger and belt truss system are subjected to wind
and earthquake load, analyzed and compared to find the lateral displacement reduction related to
the outrigger and belt truss system location.
Keywords: - Outrigger, Belt truss system, Wind, Earthquake, Lateral displacement.

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1GENERAL
Mankind is always fascinated for the height as the country is developing and ever
increasing population in urban areas tends to increase the construction of multi storey
building in order minimize the space in horizontal direction.
So as increase in vertical direction the design is controlled mainly by three

governing factors such as strength, stiffness and serviceability and here strength is known
as material capacity, stiffness is known as drift and serviceability is known as motion
perception and accelerations.
In General, multi storey structures is constructed in terms of symbol of economic

power and leadership for a country. We know that Earthquake may occur anywhere on
earth and risk is associated in construction of multi-storey structures more, as we know
that thousands of occupants live in tall building and if such structures collapse leads to
structural or non-structural damage to the tall structures and disasters of unacceptable
proportions. So building should be constructed in terms to match the main three
governing factors.
Undoubtedly, the factor that governs the design for slender structure and multi-
storey building in recent most of the times is not fully stressed state but drift of the
building. There are numerous structural lateral system such as shear frames, shear core
super frames etc.
In modern tall building coupled shear wall/core are used to restrict from the
lateral loads as increasing the height of the building stiffness plays the major role so
concept of outriggers and belt truss are introduced which are outrigger beam is connected
from column to column and shear wall to column. And belt truss is connected
surrounding of structure for column to column this provide the control of sufficient lateral
stiffness to the structure. Outrigger with Belt truss concept is used to control lateral drift
due to lateral loads so that small or medium lateral load either earthquake load then
structural or non structural damage is controlled for the certain zones.
M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 1

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1.2 STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS

When earthquake or wind load is acts on the building:
1) Bending
The building must have the system to restrict the bending.
(a) Bending deflection must not be excessive
(b) Building must not overturn
(c) Columns must not fails in compression or tension
2) Shear
The building must have to restrict the shear such that
(a) Building must not break
(b) Building must not deflect excessively
IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 definition of irregular structures:

The irregular structures are two types based on the mass, stiffness and strength
along with the height of the building.
1) Plan irregularities
2) Vertical Irregularities
Vertical irregularities are mainly five types
1) Mass irregularity
2) Stiffness irregularity
3) Vertical Geometric Irregularity
4) Discontinuity in Capacity
5) In Plane Discontinuity in vertical elements resisting lateral loads
Vertical Geometric Irregularity
According to table 5, Page 8, IS 1893-2002 Part - 1
When horizontal dimension of lateral force resisting system of any storey is more
than 150 percent of that of its adjacent storey

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(a)
(b)
(c)
Fig 1.1: (a-c) Elevation irregularities with abrupt Change in Geometry

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1.3 OUTRIGGERS
As there are numerous structural lateral systems are used in multi storey structures
design such as Shear frames, shear trusses, framed tubes, trussed tube, Frame with shear
wall or frame with shear core, super frames different type of bracing etc. However the
outrigger and belt truss concept is more significant in drift control for tall vertical
irregular building.
Outrigger is a stiff beam connected laterally in terms of X bracing from core to

column as shown in the fig 1.2
Fig 1.2: Outriggers with Core and Belt Truss
Fig 1.3: Standard 3D view of the outrigger and belt truss

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Belt truss are known when X Bracing are connected surrounding of structures
from column to column were it provide stiffness of the building.
In building when structure is loaded horizontally, vertical plane rotations of the

core are restrained by the outriggers through compression in the lee word column and
tension in the wind word column.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1) Generation of 3D Building Model.

2) To analyse structure without outrigger using ETABS 2013.1.5
3) To perform lateral load analysis on different outrigger location in building models.
4) To obtain the displacement, drift, story shear for different building models.

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1.5 TALLEST STRUCTURE IN WORLD
1) BURJ KHALIFA : The Burj Khalifa also known as the

Burj Dubai before its inauguration, is a megatall
skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is the
tallest structure in the world, standing at 829.8 m with the
construction cost of 1.5 billion dollars.
2) TOKYO SKYTREE : It became the tallest structure in Japan in 2010 and

reached its full height of 634.0 metres in March 2011, making it the tallest
tower in the world, displacing the Canton Tower and the second tallest
structure in the world after the Burj Khalifa
3) SHANGAI TOWERS : The Shanghai Tower is a megatall skyscraper in Lujiazui,

Shanghai. The total height of the structure is 632m and it consists of 128 floors.

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4) ABRAJ AL-BAIT :It is a complex of seven skyscraper hotels in Mecca, Saudi

Arabia. These towers that strives to modernize the city in catering to its pilgrims.
The central hotel tower, the Makkah Royal Clock Tower, A Fairmont Hotel, has
the world's largest clock face and is the third tallest building and fourth tallest
freestanding structure in the world
5) ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER : It is also known as the Freedom Tower is

the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower
Manhattan, New York City. It is the tallest building in theWestern Hemisphere,
and the fifth-tallest in the world.

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1.6 TALLEST STRUCTURE IN INDIA

1) THE IMPERIAL: It is a twin-tower residential skyscraper complex
in Mumbai, India that are the tallest completed buildings in the country. The
towers are located in Tardeo, South Mumbai. Construction was completed and the
towers were inaugurated in 2010
2) AHUJA TOWERS : It was constructed in the year 2014. The total height of the
building is 250m consisting of 53 floors. It is situated in mumbai and it is mainly
used for residential purpose.
3) LODHA FIORENZA 1 : one of the most famouse builders the lodha completed
the fiorenza 1 in the year 2015. The height of the structure is about 225m and it
consists of 63 floors.

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4) WORLD CREST :World One is a supertall residential skyscraper under

construction in Mumbai, India.[1] It is located in Lower Parel, South Mumbai. The
site also houses two other towersWorld View and World Crest. World One was
built at an estimated cost of over US$321 million. Construction began in 2011,
and is expected to be completed in 2018
5) LODHA BELLISSIMO : It is a tower located in Mumbai, India developed by

Lodha Group of Mumbai. It is the second tallest residential tower in India, with a
height of 222 meters. Its floor count is 53 floors. The construction began in 2012
and was completed by late 2012.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
P M B Raj Kiran, B Suresh MD Ihtesham hussain had done analysis on Optimum
position of outrigger System for High-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings under
Wind and Earthquake loadings. They are considered symmetrical building and
analyzed by considering 9 different arrangements of outriggers by using Etabs Software
and they had been assumed that outrigger are rigidly attached to the core, the core is
rigidly attached to the foundation and analysed as per loading combinations provided in
IS: 456- 2000 and finally they concluded that optimum location of outrigger is between
0.5 times of the height.
Mohd Ifran Moinuddin and Mohd Afroz Khan Conducted analysis on the study for
the Optimum Location of Outriggers for high Rise Concrete Buildings. To control
the drift from the lateral load they used both belt truss and outrigger. The main objective
is consider two position of outrigger for first position he compared with lateral loads and
fixed first position and moving second position and finally 23% of displacement
reduction can be achieved. The difference in behaviour of outrigger and belt truss more
effective when compare to outrigger and without belt truss.
Gerasimidas S, Efthymiou E, and Baniotopoulos C. C conduced analysis on

Optimum outrigger location of high-rise steel building for Wind loading the
building is designed into two dimensional model including only the basic structural
elements and was analysed by using software and he considered dead load and no live
load and wind analysis is done. Finally they concluded that by locating outrigger position
by using design criteria governs the optimum location and stiffness of the outriggers.
Kiran kamath, Avinash A R, Sandesh Upadhyaya K conducted A Study on the

Performance of multi- outrigger Structure subjected to seismic loads they had
considered three dimensional structure and modelled having 40stories and outrigger is
considered constant thickness throughout the building and core wall as 200mm thick and
analyzed for the seismic loads finally conclusion that the performance of multi outrigger
considering the lateral displacement at the top gives 31.74% of reduction when compared
without outrigger analysis and 32.60% reduction of the bending movement is reduced
when compared with core wall structure without outriggers. The performance multi
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outrigger with respect to lateral displacement shows H2/H1 = 1.5 and = 0.75. The
performance multi outrigger with respect to bending movement shows H2/H1 = 6.67 and
= 0.5.
N Herath, N Haritios, T Ngo and P Mendis conducted analysis on Behaviour of
outrigger in High rise Building under Earthquake Loads
A 50 storey building was investigated and three different peak ground acceleration
to peak ground velocity and response spectrum analysis was conducted and behaviour of
the building was determined. The story height is 3.75m some assumptions are the core is
rigidly attached to the foundation, tensional effect is not considered and material
behaviour is in linear elastic range.
Finally concluded that optimum location of the structure is between 0.44-0.48
times its height from the bottom of the building.

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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 AIM OF THE PROJECT
To determine location of first position of outrigger and second position of

outrigger by considering the Displacement/Deflection, Drift, Story Shear etc. in the tall
vertical regular and vertical irregular structures.
3.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The three Dimensional regular and vertical irregular structures is modelled and
designed including structural elements such as Concrete core, Belt truss , Outrigger etc..
By using Etabs software of 2013.1.5. Here the concrete core is placed in the middle of the
building and columns are placed at the edges. The goal of the project is to find the first
position of the outrigger by considering displacement and fixing the first location and
introduce the second position of outrigger for the basic analysis by using lateral load and
finally give the optimum location for critical combination.
The method of analysis is done by considering some assumptions
1) The core is rigidly attached to the foundation

2) Outriggers are rigidly attached to the core
3) The sectional properties of outrigger and central core/Shear wall are uniform
throughout the height of the building.
3.3 MODELING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
1) Creating the basic building model.

2) Apply the sectional properties.
3) Analysing the model.
4) Design the Bare model for the basic load combinations.
5) Introduce the outriggers with Belt truss.
6) Finding the optimum location of first position of outrigger and second
position of outrigger by considering drift or deflection.
7) Comparing the obtain curves to the bare frame

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3.4 ETABS SOFTWARE 2013 Version 13.1.5
The general finite element package ETABS has been used for analysis and
modelling. It is versatile and user friendly program which can be used for static analysis,
dynamic analysis, non linear dynamic analysis etc. So Etabs software can be used for
simplest problems or most complex projects.
3.5 WIND LOAD (IS: 875(Part 3) - 1987)
Wind generally blows horizontal to the ground at high wind speed and wind
effects on the structure is classified has static and dynamic effects.
Static effects:
It causes elastic bending and twisting of the structures.
Dynamic effects:
For long tall, slender structures a dynamic analysis of structure is considered
For wind load analysis we should consider

1) Design wind speed (Vb) It is obtained from the Clause 5.3 IS 875 part 3 1987
2) Design wind Pressure(Pz) It is obtained from the clause 5.4 IS 875 part 3 1987
Lateral Sway (IS 456: 2000)

Under Transient wind load the lateral sway at the top should not exceed H/500
Where, H - The total height of the building.
3.6 EARTHQUAKE LOAD (1893(Part - 1):2000)
Earthquake load is calculated by considering the city and identifying the zone and
importance factor and should check the soil and finally fundamental time period is
calculated as per clause 7.6.1
Some important terminologies are
Design Base Shear:

It is total design lateral force at the base of the structure.
Shear wall:
It is the wall designed to resist the lateral force acting on its own plane.

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Story Drift:
It displacement of one level to another level above or below. The limitations of

the for drift with partial load factor of 1.0 shall not exceed 0.004 times of the storey
height.
Deflection Criterion (IS 1893 (Part 4): 2005)
The limitation for the deflection shall not exceed the following equations
Dmax = 0.003h.................................................................................................equation3.1
Dmax = maximum lateral deflection
H = height of the structure above the base

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CHAPTER 4
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1 GENERAL
In this project there are two different types of models
1) REGULAR STRUCTURE
2) IRREGULAR STRUCTURE
4.2 REGULAR STRUCTURE
4.2.1 SECTIONS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF BUILDING
Type of structure: Ordinary moment resisting reinforced concrete frame structure
Grade of concrete: M40
Grade of Reinforcing Steel: Fe 500
Number of Stories: 75 stories
Building Height: 225mts
Grid Data: MODEL 1: 7 X 7 Bay 5.5m Spacing for 1st to 75th stories
Beam Size:
A Rectangular Beam of 300X600
Slab Thickness:
150mm and live load acting on slab is 3kN/m2
Shear wall/Core:
300mm thick and Shell thin is been used
Support Conditions: The support is fixed at the ends
Outrigger System: 300mm X 600mm

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4.3: MODEL TYPES OF ANALYSIS

Placing of belt truss and outriggers in the structure
Case 1: Bare frame Analysis and Design
Case 2: Analysis of Bare frame with outrigger system for first optimum location
Type 1: Outrigger with Belt truss at 0.25h of the storey
Type 4: Outrigger with belt truss at 0.67h of the storey
Type 6: Outrigger with Belt truss at top of the storey
Case 3: Analysis of bare frame with outrigger system for second position location by
Keeping first position in constant.

Wind Load (Bhuj)
Design Speed = 55m/s
Terrain Category = 1
Class = c
Diaphragm = Rigid
Earthquake (Bhuj)
Zone v 0.36
Importance factor = 1
Soil type = medium

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Reduction Factor = 3
Mass source definition

Dead load = 1
Floor finish = 1
Live load = 0.25
Structure Modelling:
The analytical model is created and various structural components are represented
their mass, strength, stiffness etc non structural components are not modelled.
Beams and columns:

These are modelled into 3D frame elements. The members properties are
assignments such as cross sectional area, reinforced details, and type of material used,
Foundation modelling:
The foundation model is done based on degree of flexibility has it provided. The
effect of soil structure interaction is ignored in the analysis. Fixed support is assumed at
column end and end of the footing.
Slab Modelling:
The slab modelled by using shell thin and diaphragm is assumed as rigid, slab
meshing is done by dividing the area is smaller rectangular segments due to this it
improves the result but it also improves the computational time.

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4.3.1: Analysis and Design of Regular Structure
Fig 4.1: Uniform plan for 1st to 75th floor

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Fig 4.2: 3D models of Regular structure (1)

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Fig 4.3: 3D models of Regular structure (2)

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Fig 4.4: Outrigger system at 1st optimum location for EQ and Wind (1)

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Fig 4.5: Outrigger system at 1st optimum location for EQ and Wind (2)

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Table 4.1: Maximum Storey Displacement for Earthquake loading
Displacement
Storey bare 0.25h 0.33h 0.5h 0.67h 0.75h H
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1
Story4 15.4 15.1 15.3 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4
Story6 29.3 28.5 29.1 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4
Story8 45.8 44.3 45.4 45.9 46.0 46.0 46.0
Story10 64.2 61.5 63.5 64.3 64.4 64.4 64.5
Story12 84.0 79.4 82.7 84.1 84.2 84.2 84.3
Story14 104.8 97.4 102.7 104.8 105.1 105.1 105.2
Story16 126.4 114.9 123.0 126.3 126.7 126.7 126.8
Story18 148.6 130.9 143.3 148.4 148.9 148.9 149.1
Story20 171.2 142.8 163.2 170.9 171.6 171.7 171.8
Story22 194.2 160.5 182.1 193.6 194.6 194.7 194.9
Story24 217.5 180.4 199.3 216.5 217.9 218.1 218.3
Story26 241.1 201.6 212.0 239.4 241.4 241.6 241.9
Story28 264.7 223.7 230.3 262.1 265.1 265.3 265.7
Story30 288.5 246.4 250.6 284.4 288.7 289.1 289.5
Story32 312.2 269.4 272.1 306.1 312.4 312.8 313.4
Story34 335.9 292.7 294.2 326.6 335.9 336.5 337.2
Story36 359.6 316.0 316.8 346.1 359.3 360.1 360.9
Story38 383.0 339.3 339.5 360.1 382.4 383.5 384.5
Story40 406.3 362.4 362.3 376.8 405.0 406.7 407.9
Story42 429.3 385.3 384.9 395.9 427.1 429.4 430.9
Story44 451.9 407.9 407.4 415.9 448.3 451.7 453.7
Story46 474.2 430.1 429.5 436.3 468.5 473.5 476.1
Story48 496.0 451.9 451.1 456.9 487.3 494.5 498.0
Story50 517.2 473.1 472.3 477.4 504.3 514.7 519.3
Story52 537.9 493.8 493.0 497.4 517.0 533.7 540.1
Story54 558.0 513.9 513.0 517.1 533.1 551.2 560.2
Story56 577.3 533.2 532.3 536.1 549.9 567.0 579.6
Story58 595.8 551.8 550.8 554.4 566.7 578.9 598.2
Story60 613.5 569.5 568.5 572.0 583.2 593.4 616.0
Story62 630.4 586.3 585.3 588.7 599.2 608.1 632.8
Story64 646.3 602.3 601.2 604.5 614.5 622.5 648.7
Story66 661.3 617.3 616.2 619.4 629.0 636.5 663.5
Story68 675.3 631.3 630.2 633.4 642.7 649.8 677.2
Story70 688.4 644.4 643.3 646.4 655.6 662.4 689.8
Story72 700.7 656.7 655.6 658.7 667.7 674.2 701.3
Story74 712.3 668.3 667.2 670.2 679.1 685.5 711.8
Story75 718.0 674.0 672.8 675.8 684.6 690.9 716.4

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Table 4.2: Displacement table for first optimum location of outrigger for Earth quake
Optimum Displacement
position (mm)
Bare
frame 718.0
0.25 674.0
0.33 672.8
0.5 675.8
0.67 684.6
0.75 690.9
H 716.4
730.0
720.0
710.0 Bare frame

0.25
Displacements
700.0
0.33
690.0
0.5
680.0 0.67
670.0 0.75
H
660.0
650.0
Outrigger Location
Fig 4.6: Graph showing the first optimum location of outrigger system for Earth
quake
From the above displacement values the first location of outrigger system with Belt truss
is 0.33 times height of the building for Earth quake

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Table 4.3: Maximum Storey Displacement for Wind loading
Displacement
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2
Story4 22.4 21.9 22.2 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4
Story6 42.5 41.2 42.1 42.4 42.5 42.5 42.5
Story8 65.8 63.4 65.1 65.7 65.8 65.8 65.8
Story10 91.3 87.1 90.0 91.2 91.3 91.3 91.3
Story12 118.2 111.2 116.0 117.9 118.1 118.1 118.1
Story14 145.8 134.8 142.5 145.4 145.7 145.7 145.7
Story16 173.8 156.9 168.8 173.3 173.7 173.7 173.8
Story18 202.0 175.4 194.4 201.2 201.8 201.9 201.9
Story20 230.1 188.9 218.7 229.1 229.9 229.9 230.0
Story22 258.0 209.5 241.1 256.6 257.7 257.8 257.9
Story24 285.6 232.2 259.7 283.6 285.3 285.4 285.5
Story26 312.8 256.1 273.4 310.1 312.4 312.6 312.7
Story28 339.6 280.6 293.4 335.7 339.1 339.3 339.5
Story30 365.9 305.3 315.1 360.3 365.2 365.5 365.7
Story32 391.6 329.9 337.7 383.5 390.7 391.1 391.4
Story34 416.7 354.3 360.7 405.1 415.6 416.1 416.5
Story36 441.2 378.2 383.7 424.3 439.7 440.5 441.0
Story38 465.0 401.7 406.5 437.7 463.0 464.2 464.8
Story40 488.1 424.5 428.9 453.9 485.5 487.1 487.9
Story42 510.6 446.7 450.8 472.0 506.9 509.2 510.2
Story44 532.2 468.2 472.1 490.7 527.2 530.5 531.9
Story46 553.1 489.0 492.7 509.6 546.1 550.9 552.7
Story48 573.3 509.0 512.6 528.3 563.3 570.2 572.8
Story50 592.6 528.3 531.8 546.7 578.0 588.5 592.0
Story52 611.1 546.7 550.2 564.5 589.5 605.4 610.5
Story54 628.8 564.3 567.7 581.7 603.6 620.8 628.1
Story56 645.6 581.1 584.5 598.1 618.0 634.1 644.8
Story58 661.6 597.0 600.4 613.8 632.4 644.7 660.7
Story60 676.7 612.1 615.4 628.8 646.3 657.1 675.7
Story62 691.0 626.4 629.7 642.9 659.8 669.5 689.8
Story64 704.5 639.8 643.1 656.2 672.7 681.6 703.0
Story66 717.1 652.4 655.7 668.7 684.9 693.3 715.4
Story68 729.0 664.2 667.5 680.5 696.4 704.5 726.8
Story70 740.1 675.3 678.6 691.6 707.3 715.2 737.4
Story72 750.7 685.8 689.1 702.0 717.6 725.3 747.2
Story74 760.7 695.8 699.1 711.9 727.4 735.0 756.1
Story75 765.6 700.7 703.9 716.8 732.2 739.7 760.1

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Table 4.4: Displacement table for first optimum location of outrigger for Wind
position (mm)
Bare
frame 765.6
0.25 700.7
0.33 703.9
0.5 716.8
0.67 732.2
0.75 739.7
H 760.1
780.0
760.0
Bare frame
740.0 0.25
Displacements
0.33
720.0 0.5
0.67
700.0
0.75
680.0 H
660.0
Outrigger locations
Fig 4.7: Graph showing the first optimum location of outrigger system for Wind
is 0.25 times height of the building for Wind loading.

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Fig 4.8: Outrigger System at 2nd optimum location for EQ and Wind
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Displacement
Storey 0.25+0.33 0.33+0.5 0.33+0.67 0.33+0.75 0.33+h
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1
Story4 15.1 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.4
Story6 28.5 29.2 29.2 29.2 29.2
Story8 44.2 45.5 45.6 45.6 45.6
Story10 61.2 63.6 63.7 63.7 63.7
Story12 78.9 82.9 82.9 83.0 83.0
Story14 96.6 102.8 103.0 103.0 103.0
Story16 113.5 123.2 123.3 123.4 123.4
Story18 128.7 143.4 143.7 143.7 143.8
Story20 139.6 163.3 163.6 163.6 163.8
Story22 154.4 182.0 182.5 182.6 182.7
Story24 169.5 199.1 199.8 199.8 200.0
Story26 181.5 211.6 212.5 212.6 212.8
Story28 199.2 229.2 230.8 231.0 231.2
Story30 219.1 248.3 251.1 251.3 251.6
Story32 240.2 267.8 272.4 272.7 273.1
Story34 262.2 287.0 294.4 294.9 295.4
Story36 284.6 305.6 316.7 317.4 318.0
Story38 307.3 319.3 339.1 340.1 340.9
Story40 330.0 335.8 361.3 362.7 363.8
Story42 352.7 354.8 383.0 385.2 386.5
Story44 375.1 374.7 404.1 407.3 409.1
Story46 397.2 395.1 424.1 428.9 431.3
Story48 418.9 415.7 442.9 449.8 453.1
Story50 440.1 436.1 459.8 469.9 474.4
Story52 460.8 456.2 472.5 488.9 495.1
Story54 480.8 475.8 488.6 506.4 515.2
Story56 500.1 494.8 505.4 522.2 534.6
Story58 518.7 513.2 522.2 534.1 553.1
Story60 536.4 530.7 538.7 548.6 570.9
Story62 553.3 547.4 554.7 563.3 587.7
Story64 569.2 563.3 570.1 577.8 603.6
Story66 584.2 578.2 584.6 591.7 618.4
Story68 598.2 592.1 598.3 605.0 632.1
Story70 611.4 605.2 611.2 617.6 644.7
Story72 623.7 617.4 623.3 629.5 656.2
Story74 635.3 629.0 634.7 640.7 666.8
Story75 640.9 634.6 640.2 646.2 671.3

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Table 4.6: Displacement table for second optimum location of outrigger for Earth quake
position (mm)
Bare
frame 718.0
0.33h 672.8
0.25 640.9
0.5 634.6
0.67 640.2
0.75 646.2
H 671.3
740.0
720.0
700.0 Bare frame

0.33h
Displacements
680.0
0.25
660.0
0.5
640.0 0.67
620.0 0.75
H
600.0
580.0
Outrigger Locatiom
Fig 4.9: Graph showing the second optimum location of outrigger system for Earthquake
From the above graph and table the conclusion is Second location of outrigger position is
0.5 times the height of the building for Earth quake.

2016

Displacement
Storey 0.25+0.33 0.25+0.5 0.25+0.67 0.25+0.75 0.25+h
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1
Story4 21.8 21.8 21.9 21.9 21.9
Story6 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.2 41.2
Story8 63.1 63.4 63.4 63.4 63.4
Story10 86.6 87.0 87.1 87.1 87.1
Story12 110.3 111.1 111.2 111.2 111.2
Story14 133.5 134.7 134.8 134.8 134.8
Story16 154.8 156.7 156.8 156.9 156.9
Story18 172.3 175.1 175.3 175.3 175.4
Story20 184.5 188.5 188.8 188.9 188.9
Story22 201.3 208.8 209.4 209.4 209.5
Story24 217.0 231.0 232.0 232.1 232.2
Story26 229.9 254.1 255.8 255.9 256.0
Story28 248.9 277.6 280.2 280.4 280.5
Story30 269.9 300.7 304.8 305.0 305.2
Story32 292.0 322.9 329.2 329.6 329.8
Story34 314.7 343.8 353.4 353.9 354.1
Story36 337.4 362.7 377.0 377.7 378.1
Story38 360.1 375.9 399.9 401.0 401.5
Story40 382.3 392.0 422.1 423.6 424.3
Story42 404.1 410.0 443.4 445.5 446.5
Story44 425.4 428.6 463.5 466.7 467.9
Story46 445.9 447.4 482.3 486.9 488.7
Story48 465.8 466.1 499.5 506.2 508.6
Story50 484.9 484.4 514.1 524.4 527.8
Story52 503.2 502.2 525.6 541.3 546.2
Story54 520.8 519.3 539.7 556.6 563.7
Story56 537.5 535.7 554.0 569.8 580.4
Story58 553.4 551.4 568.3 580.4 596.2
Story60 568.4 566.3 582.3 592.8 611.2
Story62 582.6 580.4 595.7 605.2 625.3
Story64 596.0 593.7 608.5 617.3 638.5
Story66 608.5 606.2 620.7 629.0 650.8
Story68 620.3 617.9 632.2 640.2 662.2
Story70 631.4 629.0 643.1 650.8 672.8
Story72 641.9 639.4 653.4 660.9 682.5
Story74 651.8 649.3 663.2 670.5 691.4
Story75 656.7 654.1 667.9 675.2 695.4

2016
Table 4.8: Displacement table for second optimum location of outrigger for Wind
position (mm)
Bare
frame 765.6
0.25 700.7
0.33 656.7
0.5 654.1
0.67 667.9
0.75 675.2
H 695.4
780.0
760.0
740.0
Bare frame
720.0
0.25
Displacements
700.0
0.33
680.0
0.5
660.0
0.67
640.0
0.75
620.0
H
600.0
580.0
Outrigger locations
Fig 4.10: Graph showing the second optimum location of outrigger system for Wind
0.5 times the height of the building for Wind.
So from that displacement values we are comparing drift and storey shear.

2016
Table 4.9: Comparison between drift values of outrigger system
EQ Wind
Storey
Bare 0.33h 0.33+0.5 Bare 0.25h 0.25+0.5
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 3.3 3.2 3.2 5.0 4.9 4.9
Story4 5.7 5.7 5.7 8.3 8.1 8.1
Story6 7.4 7.3 7.3 10.5 10.1 10.1
Story8 8.5 8.4 8.4 12.0 11.4 11.3
Story10 9.4 9.2 9.2 13.0 12.0 11.9
Story12 10.0 9.7 9.7 13.5 12.1 12.0
Story14 10.5 10.1 10.1 13.9 11.7 11.6
Story16 10.9 10.2 10.2 14.0 10.8 10.7
Story18 11.2 10.1 10.1 14.1 8.4 8.4
Story20 11.4 9.8 9.8 14.0 8.4 8.3
Story22 11.6 9.3 9.3 13.9 10.6 10.5
Story24 11.7 8.0 7.9 13.8 11.5 11.3
Story26 11.8 7.6 7.4 13.6 12.0 11.6
Story28 11.8 9.5 9.1 13.3 12.3 11.7
Story30 11.9 10.3 9.6 13.1 12.4 11.5
Story32 11.9 10.8 9.8 12.8 12.3 11.0
Story34 11.9 11.1 9.5 12.5 12.1 10.2
Story36 11.8 11.3 9.3 12.2 11.9 9.1
Story38 11.7 11.4 5.5 11.8 11.6 5.4
Story40 11.6 11.4 8.8 11.5 11.3 8.5
Story42 11.5 11.3 9.6 11.1 11.0 9.1
Story44 11.3 11.2 10.1 10.7 10.7 9.4
Story46 11.1 11.0 10.2 10.4 10.3 9.4
Story48 10.8 10.8 10.3 10.0 9.9 9.3
Story50 10.6 10.5 10.2 9.6 9.5 9.1
Story52 10.3 10.2 10.0 9.2 9.1 8.8
Story54 9.9 9.9 9.7 8.7 8.7 8.5
Story56 9.6 9.6 9.4 8.3 8.3 8.1
Story58 9.2 9.2 9.1 7.9 7.9 7.7
Story60 8.8 8.7 8.7 7.5 7.4 7.3
Story62 8.3 8.3 8.3 7.0 7.0 6.9
Story64 7.8 7.8 7.8 6.6 6.6 6.5
Story66 7.4 7.4 7.3 6.2 6.2 6.2
Story68 6.9 6.9 6.9 5.8 5.8 5.8
Story70 6.5 6.4 6.4 5.5 5.5 5.4
Story72 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.2 5.2 5.1
Story74 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.0 4.9
Story75 5.6 5.6 5.6 4.9 4.9 4.8

2016
Regular Earthquake
80
70
No.of Storey 60
50
40 bare
30 0.33h
20 0.33+0.5
10
0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0
Drift
Fig 4.11: Graph showing for table 4.17 of Earthquake
From the above graph for the first location of outrigger system with belt truss, the drift
value for bare frame 11.7 mm and reduces to 5.1 mm for 0.33 times height of the
structure and 5.1mm at height of 0.5 times the height of the structure respectively
Regular Wind
80
70
60
No.of Storey
50
40 bare
30 0.25h
20 0.25+0.5
10
0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0
Drift
Fig 4.12: Graph showing for table 4.17 of Wind
structure and 5.1mm and 1.7mm at height of 0.5 times and 0.67 times the height of the
structure respectively

2016
Table 4.10: Storey shear for Earthquake loading
Story bare 0.33 0.33+0.5

Story75 706 708 708
Story73 2350 2355 2357
Story71 3906 3915 3918
Story69 5376 5388 5392
Story67 6762 6777 6783
Story65 8068 8086 8093
Story63 9295 9316 9324
Story61 10446 10469 10478
Story59 11523 11549 11559
Story57 12529 12557 12568
Story55 13466 13497 13508
Story53 14337 14370 14382
Story51 15145 15179 15192
Story49 15890 15926 15940
Story47 16577 16614 16629
Story45 17207 17246 17261
Story43 17783 17823 17838
Story41 18307 18348 18364
Story39 18782 18824 18840
Story37 19210 19253 19323
Story35 19593 19638 19708
Story33 19935 19980 20050
Story31 20237 20283 20353
Story29 20502 20548 20619
Story27 20732 20779 20850
Story25 20930 20989 21060
Story23 21098 21168 21240
Story21 21239 21309 21381
Story19 21354 21425 21497
Story17 21448 21519 21590
Story15 21521 21592 21664
Story13 21576 21648 21720
Story11 21617 21688 21760
Story9 21644 21716 21788
Story7 21661 21733 21805
Story5 21671 21742 21814
Story3 21675 21746 21818
Story2 21675 21747 21819
Story1 21675 21747 21819

2016
Table 4.11: Storey shear for Wind loading
Story bare 0.25 0.25+0.5

Story75 264 264 264
Story73 1315 1315 1315
Story71 2363 2363 2363
Story69 3407 3407 3407
Story67 4447 4447 4447
Story65 5484 5484 5484
Story63 6516 6516 6516
Story61 7544 7544 7544
Story59 8568 8568 8568
Story57 9588 9588 9588
Story55 10605 10605 10605
Story53 11617 11617 11617
Story51 12626 12626 12626
Story49 13629 13629 13629
Story47 14625 14625 14625
Story45 15614 15614 15614
Story43 16594 16594 16594
Story41 17567 17567 17567
Story39 18532 18532 18532
Story37 19490 19490 19490
Story35 20440 20440 20440
Story33 21382 21382 21382
Story31 22314 22314 22314
Story29 23234 23234 23234
Story27 24143 24143 24143
Story25 25041 25041 25041
Story23 25928 25928 25928
Story21 26804 26804 26804
Story19 27670 27670 27670
Story17 28524 28524 28524
Story15 29361 29361 29361
Story13 30176 30176 30176
Story11 30969 30969 30969
Story9 31740 31740 31740
Story7 32485 32485 32485
Story5 33190 33190 33190
Story3 33843 33843 33843
Story2 34163 34163 34163
Story1 34484 34484 34484

2016
Table 4.12: Comparison of Storey Shear values for EQ
Structure type Base Shear (kN)
21675
Bare frame
0.33 21747
Outrigger position
0.33+0.5 21818
Table 4.13: Comparison of Storey Shear values for Wind
34483
Bare frame
0.25 34483
Outrigger position
0.25+0.5 34483

2016
4.4 IRREGULAR STRUCTURE
4.4.1 SECTIONS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF BUILDING
Type of structure: Ordinary moment resisting reinforced concrete frame structure
Grade of concrete: M40
Grade of Reinforcing Steel: Fe 500
Number of Stories: 75 stories
Building Height: 225mts
Grid Data: MODEL 2: 7 X 7 Bay 5.5m Spacing for 1st to 25th stories
5 X 5 Bay 5.5m Spacing for 26th to 50th stories
3 X 3 bay 5.5m Spacing for 51st to 75th stories
Beam Size:
A Rectangular Beam of 300X600
Slab Thickness: 150mm and live load acting on slab is 3kN/m2
Shear wall/Core: 300mm thick and Shell thin is been used
Support Conditions: The support is fixed at the ends
Outrigger System: 300mm X 600mm

2016
4.5 MODEL TYPES OF ANALYSIS:
Placing of belt truss and outriggers in the structure
Case 1: Bare frame Analysis and Design
Case 2: Analysis of Bare frame with outrigger system for first optimum location

Case 3: Analysis of bare frame with outrigger system for second position location by
Keeping first position in constant.

Wind Load (Bhuj)
Design Speed = 55m/s

Terrain Category = 1
Class = c
Diaphragm = Rigid
Earthquake (Bhuj)
Zone v 0.36
Importance factor = 1
Soil type = medium
Reduction Factor = 3
Mass source definition
Dead load = 1
Floor finish = 1
Live load = 0.25
2016
4.5.1: Analysis and Design of Irregular Structure
Fig 4.13: Uniform Plan model for building from 1st to 25th floor
Fig 4.14: Uniform plan for 26th to 50th floor Fig 4.15: Uniform plan for 51st to 75th floor

2016
Fig 4.16: 3D models of Irregular structure (1)

2016
Fig 4.17: 3D models of Irregular structure (2)

2016
Fig 4.18: Outrigger system at 1st optimum location for EQ and Wind(1)

2016
Fig 4.19: Outrigger system at 1st optimum location for EQ and Wind(2)

2016
Displacement
Storey bare 0.25 0.33h 0.5h 0.67 0.75 H
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
Story4 8.8 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9
Story6 16.7 16.4 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8
Story8 26.1 25.3 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.1 26.2
Story10 36.4 35.0 36.1 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5
Story12 47.5 45.1 47.0 47.5 47.7 47.6 47.6
Story14 59.1 55.2 58.1 59.1 59.3 59.3 59.3
Story16 71.2 65.0 69.5 71.2 71.4 71.4 71.4
Story18 83.7 75.1 80.9 83.5 83.9 83.9 84.0
Story20 96.6 80.6 92.1 96.3 96.9 96.9 96.9
Story22 110.1 91.0 103.1 109.4 110.3 110.3 110.5
Story24 124.3 103.1 114.8 123.1 124.5 124.5 124.7
Story26 139.9 117.3 121.7 138.0 140.1 140.2 140.4
Story28 157.4 133.6 135.3 154.4 157.4 157.6 158.0
Story30 175.9 151.3 151.0 171.3 175.8 176.1 176.6
Story32 195.0 169.8 168.0 188.2 194.7 195.2 195.9
Story34 214.7 189.0 185.9 204.7 213.9 214.8 215.7
Story36 234.6 208.5 204.4 220.7 233.3 234.5 235.7
Story38 254.6 228.2 223.4 232.6 252.5 254.4 255.9
Story40 274.6 248.0 242.6 247.0 271.4 274.1 276.1
Story42 294.6 267.9 261.8 263.2 289.8 293.7 296.2
Story44 314.6 287.7 281.2 280.4 307.5 313.0 316.4
Story46 334.7 307.6 300.7 298.3 324.4 332.2 336.6
Story48 354.9 327.7 320.4 316.9 340.8 351.1 357.0
Story50 375.4 348.1 340.5 336.1 353.3 370.0 377.7
Story52 397.3 369.9 361.9 356.9 369.3 389.4 399.8
Story54 419.9 392.4 384.1 378.6 386.9 408.7 422.5
Story56 442.8 415.2 406.6 400.7 405.6 427.4 445.5
Story58 465.8 438.1 429.2 423.0 424.9 444.0 468.5
Story60 488.7 460.9 451.7 445.2 444.5 462.8 491.2
Story62 511.2 483.4 473.9 467.2 464.1 482.2 513.5
Story64 533.3 505.4 495.7 488.9 483.5 501.8 535.2
Story66 554.9 526.9 516.9 510.0 502.7 521.4 556.1
Story68 575.9 547.8 537.5 530.6 521.4 540.8 576.1
Story70 596.4 568.2 557.6 550.6 539.6 559.9 595.1
Story72 616.2 588.0 577.2 570.1 557.4 578.6 613.0
Story74 635.7 607.4 596.3 589.2 574.8 597.0 630.0
Story75 645.3 616.9 605.7 598.6 583.4 606.1 637.5

2016
Table 4.15: Displacement table for first optimum location of outrigger for Earthquake
position (mm)
Bare
frame 645.3
0.25 616.9
0.33 605.7
0.5 598.6
0.67 583.4
0.75 606.1
H 637.5
650.0
640.0
630.0
Bare frame
620.0
0.25
Displacements
610.0
0.33
600.0
0.5
590.0
0.67
580.0
0.75
570.0
H
560.0
550.0
Outrigger Location
Fig 4.20: Graph showing the first optimum location of outrigger system for Earth quake
is 0.67 times height of the building for both Earth quake and Wind

2016
Displacement
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9
Story4 14.9 14.6 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9
Story6 28.2 27.4 27.9 28.1 28.2 28.2 28.2
Story8 43.4 41.9 42.9 43.3 43.4 43.4 43.4
Story10 59.8 57.2 59.0 59.7 59.8 59.8 59.8
Story12 76.9 72.6 75.6 76.7 76.8 76.9 76.9
Story14 94.3 87.5 92.3 94.0 94.3 94.3 94.3
Story16 111.9 101.3 108.7 111.5 111.8 111.9 111.9
Story18 129.5 112.7 124.5 128.8 129.3 129.5 129.5
Story20 147.1 120.8 139.5 146.2 146.9 147.1 147.1
Story22 164.8 133.8 153.2 163.5 164.6 164.8 164.8
Story24 182.9 148.7 164.8 181.0 182.6 182.9 182.9
Story26 202.1 165.4 173.9 199.2 201.5 202.0 202.0
Story28 222.9 184.4 189.0 218.6 222.2 222.7 222.9
Story30 244.4 204.5 206.2 238.1 243.4 244.2 244.4
Story32 266.2 225.2 224.6 257.2 264.8 265.9 266.2
Story34 288.1 246.2 243.8 275.2 286.1 287.5 288.0
Story36 309.8 267.2 263.4 291.7 307.0 309.0 309.7
Story38 331.2 288.0 283.2 303.9 327.4 330.2 331.1
Story40 352.2 308.6 302.8 318.5 347.1 350.8 352.1
Story42 372.9 328.9 322.3 334.6 365.9 371.0 372.8
Story44 393.2 348.9 341.6 351.6 383.7 390.7 393.0
Story46 413.3 368.6 360.7 369.1 400.3 409.8 413.0
Story48 433.2 388.2 379.8 387.1 415.4 428.4 432.8
Story50 453.1 407.9 398.9 405.4 427.1 446.6 452.6
Story52 474.0 428.5 419.0 425.0 441.5 465.1 473.3
Story54 495.2 449.4 439.5 445.1 457.4 483.1 494.2
Story56 516.5 470.4 460.0 465.4 474.0 500.1 515.2
Story58 537.6 491.3 480.5 485.6 491.1 515.5 535.9
Story60 558.4 511.9 500.6 505.7 508.3 532.5 556.2
Story62 578.8 532.0 520.3 525.4 525.4 549.9 575.9
Story64 598.6 551.6 539.5 544.6 542.3 567.3 595.0
Story66 617.9 570.7 558.1 563.3 558.9 584.7 613.2
Story68 636.7 589.2 576.2 581.5 575.0 601.9 630.7
Story70 654.9 607.2 593.8 599.2 590.8 618.8 647.2
Story72 672.6 624.7 610.8 616.4 606.2 635.4 662.9
Story74 690.0 641.8 627.5 633.3 621.2 651.8 677.6
Story75 698.5 650.3 635.8 641.6 628.6 659.9 684.3

2016
Table 4.17: Displacement table for first optimum location of outrigger for Wind
position (mm)
Bare
frame
698.5
0.25 650.3
0.33 635.8
0.5 641.6
0.67 628.6
0.75 659.9
H 684.3
720.0
700.0
Bare frame
680.0
0.25
Dipslacements
660.0 0.33
0.5
640.0
0.67
620.0
0.75
600.0 H
580.0
Outrigger Locations
Fig 4.21: Graph showing the first optimum location of outrigger system for Wind
is 0.67 times height of the building for both Wind

2016
Fig 4.22: Outrigger system at 2nd optimum location for EQ and Wind

2016
Displacement
Storey 0.25+0.67 0.33+0.67h 0.5+0.67 0.67+0.75 0.67+h
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
Story4 8.7 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9
Story6 16.4 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8
Story8 25.4 26.0 26.2 26.2 26.2
Story10 35.1 36.3 36.6 36.6 36.6
Story12 45.2 47.1 47.7 47.8 47.8
Story14 55.4 58.3 59.4 59.5 59.5
Story16 65.2 69.7 71.4 71.6 71.6
Story18 75.3 81.1 83.8 84.1 84.2
Story20 80.7 92.3 96.6 97.1 97.2
Story22 91.1 103.3 109.8 110.6 110.7
Story24 103.3 115.0 123.5 124.8 124.9
Story26 117.4 121.9 138.4 140.4 140.6
Story28 133.6 135.4 154.8 157.8 158.0
Story30 151.1 150.9 171.6 176.2 176.5
Story32 169.4 167.6 188.4 195.1 195.5
Story34 188.2 185.2 204.7 214.4 214.9
Story36 207.1 203.2 220.5 233.7 234.4
Story38 226.0 221.3 232.1 252.8 253.7
Story40 244.7 239.4 245.8 271.6 272.8
Story42 262.9 257.0 260.8 289.9 291.4
Story44 280.5 274.2 276.1 307.4 309.3
Story46 297.2 290.5 291.3 324.0 326.3
Story48 313.5 306.4 306.5 339.9 342.9
Story50 325.9 318.5 318.6 352.0 355.5
Story52 341.7 334.1 334.1 366.6 371.6
Story54 359.3 351.3 351.3 382.1 389.4
Story56 377.9 369.6 369.6 397.8 408.1
Story58 397.1 388.6 388.6 412.2 427.4
Story60 416.6 407.8 408.0 428.8 447.0
Story62 436.1 427.1 427.4 446.1 466.4
Story64 455.5 446.2 446.6 463.6 485.5
Story66 474.6 465.0 465.6 481.2 504.0
Story68 493.2 483.3 484.1 498.7 521.8
Story70 511.4 501.2 502.2 515.9 538.8
Story72 529.1 518.7 519.9 532.8 554.8
Story74 546.4 535.8 537.2 549.4 570.0
Story75 554.9 544.2 545.7 557.6 576.7

2016
Table 4.19: Displacement table for second optimum location of outrigger for Earthquake
position (mm)
Bare
frame 645.3
0.67 583.4
0.25 554.9
0.33 544.2
0.5 545.7
0.75 557.6
H 576.7
660.0
640.0
620.0 Bare frame
600.0 0.67
Displacements
580.0 0.25
560.0 0.33
540.0 0.5
0.75
520.0
H
500.0
480.0
Outrigger Location
Fig 4.23: Graph showing the second optimum location of outrigger system for
Earthquake
0.33 times the height of the building for Earth quake.

2016
Displacement
Storey 0.25+0.67 0.33+0.67 0.5+0.67 0.67+0.75 0.67+h
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9
Story4 14.6 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9
Story6 27.4 27.9 28.1 28.2 28.2
Story8 41.9 42.9 43.3 43.4 43.4
Story10 57.2 59.0 59.7 59.8 59.8
Story12 72.6 75.6 76.7 76.8 76.8
Story14 87.4 92.2 94.0 94.2 94.3
Story16 101.2 108.6 111.4 111.8 111.8
Story18 112.6 124.4 128.8 129.3 129.3
Story20 120.7 139.3 146.1 146.9 146.9
Story22 133.6 153.1 163.4 164.6 164.6
Story24 148.3 164.6 180.8 182.5 182.6
Story26 164.9 173.6 198.9 201.5 201.5
Story28 183.7 188.5 218.3 222.1 222.2
Story30 203.5 205.4 237.7 243.3 243.4
Story32 223.8 223.5 256.5 264.7 264.8
Story34 244.3 242.2 274.4 285.9 286.1
Story36 264.6 261.1 290.5 306.8 307.0
Story38 284.4 279.8 302.4 327.1 327.4
Story40 303.7 298.2 316.2 346.6 347.1
Story42 322.1 315.8 331.0 365.3 365.9
Story44 339.5 332.6 345.9 382.8 383.6
Story46 355.8 348.3 360.5 399.0 400.1
Story48 370.7 362.7 374.4 413.7 415.2
Story50 382.2 373.7 385.6 425.0 426.9
Story52 396.4 387.5 399.6 438.3 441.2
Story54 412.0 402.7 415.0 452.2 456.9
Story56 428.4 418.7 431.3 466.0 473.3
Story58 445.3 435.2 448.0 479.0 490.0
Story60 462.3 451.8 465.0 493.6 506.8
Story62 479.2 468.3 481.9 508.6 523.4
Story64 495.9 484.6 498.6 523.8 539.7
Story66 512.2 500.6 515.0 539.1 555.3
Story68 528.2 516.1 531.0 554.1 570.4
Story70 543.8 531.3 546.6 569.0 584.7
Story72 558.9 546.1 561.8 583.6 598.3
Story74 573.8 560.5 576.7 597.9 611.1
Story75 581.1 567.7 584.1 605.0 616.9

2016
Table 4.21: Displacement table for second optimum location of outrigger for Wind
position (mm)
Bare
frame
698.5
0.67 628.6
0.25 581.1
0.33 567.7
0.5 584.1
0.75 605.0
H 616.9
800.0
700.0
600.0 Bare frame

0.67
Displacements
500.0
0.25
400.0
0.33
300.0 0.5
200.0 0.75
H
100.0
0.0
Outrigger Locations
Fig 4.24: Graph showing the second optimum location of outrigger system for Wind
0.33 times the height of the building Wind.
So from that displacement values we are comparing drift and storey shear.

2016
Table 4.22: Comparison between drift values of outrigger system
EQ Wind
Storey
bare 0.67 0.33+0.67h bare 0.67h 0.33+0.67
Base 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Story2 1.9 1.9 1.9 3.3 3.3 3.3
Story4 3.2 3.3 3.2 5.5 5.5 5.5
Story6 4.2 4.2 4.2 6.9 6.9 6.8
Story8 4.8 4.8 4.8 7.8 7.8 7.7
Story10 5.3 5.3 5.2 8.3 8.3 8.1
Story12 5.6 5.6 5.5 8.6 8.6 8.3
Story14 5.9 5.9 5.6 8.7 8.7 8.3
Story16 6.1 6.1 5.7 8.8 8.8 8.1
Story18 6.3 6.3 5.7 8.8 8.8 7.8
Story20 6.5 6.5 5.6 8.8 8.8 7.3
Story22 6.8 6.8 5.5 8.9 8.9 6.7
Story24 7.2 7.2 5.9 9.1 9.1 5.3
Story26 8.1 8.1 5.3 9.9 9.8 6.0
Story28 8.9 8.8 7.1 10.5 10.4 7.8
Story30 9.3 9.3 7.9 10.8 10.7 8.6
Story32 9.7 9.5 8.5 10.9 10.7 9.1
Story34 9.9 9.6 8.9 10.9 10.6 9.4
Story36 10.0 9.7 9.0 10.8 10.4 9.5
Story38 10.0 9.6 9.1 10.7 10.1 9.3
Story40 10.0 9.4 9.0 10.5 9.7 9.1
Story42 10.0 9.1 8.8 10.3 9.3 8.7
Story44 10.0 8.8 8.5 10.1 8.7 8.3
Story46 10.0 8.3 8.1 10.0 8.1 7.7
Story48 10.2 8.2 8.0 9.9 7.4 7.0
Story50 10.3 4.7 4.5 9.9 5.0 4.7
Story52 11.1 8.3 8.1 10.5 7.5 7.2
Story54 11.4 9.0 8.8 10.6 8.0 7.7
Story56 11.5 9.4 9.3 10.6 8.4 8.1
Story58 11.5 9.7 9.5 10.5 8.6 8.3
Story60 11.4 9.8 9.6 10.4 8.6 8.3
Story62 11.2 9.8 9.6 10.1 8.5 8.2
Story64 11.0 9.7 9.5 9.9 8.4 8.1
Story66 10.7 9.5 9.3 9.6 8.2 7.9
Story68 10.4 9.3 9.1 9.3 8.0 7.7
Story70 10.1 9.1 8.9 9.0 7.8 7.5
Story72 9.9 8.8 8.7 8.8 7.6 7.3
Story74 9.7 8.7 8.5 8.6 7.5 7.2
Story75 9.6 8.6 8.4 8.6 7.4 7.1

2016
Irregular Earthquake
80
70
No.of Storey 60
50
40 bare
30 0.67
20 0.33+0.67h
10
0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0
Drift
Fig 4.25: Graph showing for table 4.17 of Earthquake
structure and 4.5mm at height of 0.33 times the height of the structure respectively
Irregular Wind
80
70
60
No.of Storey
50
40 bare
30 0.67h
20 0.33+0.67
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Drift
Fig 4.26: Graph showing for table 4.17 of Wind
value for bare frame 9.9 mm and reduces to 5 mm for 0.67 times height of the structure
and 4.7mm at height of 0.5 times the height of the structure respectively

2016
Table 4.23: Storey shear for Earthquake loading
Storey Bare 0.67 0.67+0.33

Story75 250 249 249
Story73 881 876 879
Story71 1478 1470 1474
Story69 2042 2032 2037
Story67 2574 2561 2567
Story65 3075 3059 3067
Story63 3546 3528 3537
Story61 3987 3967 3977
Story59 4401 4379 4390
Story57 4787 4763 4775
Story55 5147 5121 5134
Story53 5481 5453 5467
Story51 5791 5762 5776
Story49 6464 6544 6561
Story47 7115 7193 7211
Story45 7714 7788 7807
Story43 8260 8332 8353
Story41 8758 8827 8849
Story39 9208 9275 9298
Story37 9615 9679 9704
Story35 9979 10042 10067
Story33 10303 10364 10390
Story31 10590 10650 10676
Story29 10841 10900 10927
Story27 11060 11117 11145
Story25 11314 11370 11419
Story23 11612 11667 11736
Story21 11861 11915 11985
Story19 12067 12119 12190
Story17 12232 12284 12355
Story15 12362 12413 12484
Story13 12460 12511 12582
Story11 12532 12582 12653
Story9 12581 12631 12702
Story7 12611 12661 12733
Story5 12628 12677 12749
Story3 12634 12684 12756
Story2 12635 12685 12757
Story1 12636 12685 12757

2016
Table 4.24:Storey shear for Wind loading
Storey Bare 0.67 0.67+0.33

Story75 113 113 113
Story73 564 564 564
Story71 1013 1013 1013
Story69 1460 1460 1460
Story67 1906 1906 1906
Story65 2350 2350 2350
Story63 2792 2792 2792
Story61 3233 3233 3233
Story59 3672 3672 3672
Story57 4109 4109 4109
Story55 4545 4545 4545
Story53 4979 4979 4979
Story51 5411 5411 5411
Story49 6128 6128 6128
Story47 6839 6839 6839
Story45 7545 7545 7545
Story43 8246 8246 8246
Story41 8940 8940 8940
Story39 9630 9630 9630
Story37 10314 10314 10314
Story35 10993 10993 10993
Story33 11665 11665 11665
Story31 12331 12331 12331
Story29 12988 12988 12988
Story27 13638 13638 13638
Story25 14407 14407 14407
Story23 15294 15294 15294
Story21 16170 16170 16170
Story19 17036 17036 17036
Story17 17890 17890 17890
Story15 18727 18727 18727
Story13 19542 19542 19542
Story11 20335 20335 20335
Story9 21106 21106 21106
Story7 21851 21851 21851
Story5 22556 22556 22556
Story3 23208 23208 23208
Story2 23529 23529 23529
Story1 23849 23849 23849

2016
Table 4.25: Comparison of Storey Shear values for EQ
12635
Bare frame
0.67 12685
Outrigger position
0.67+0.33 12757
Table 4.26: Comparison of Storey Shear values for Wind
23849
Bare frame
0.67 23849
Outrigger position
0.67+0.33 23849

2016
Table 4.27: Comparison displacement values for optimum location
Optimum location Regular EQ Regular WIND

Bare Frame 718mm 756.6mm
0.33h 672.8mm 700.7mm
0.33h+0.5h 634.6mm 654.1mm
Table 4.28: Comparison of percentage deflection values for optimum locations
Bare to 0.33h 0.33h to 0.33h+ 0.5h Bare to 0.33h+ 0.5h

Regular EQ 6.3% 6% 11.6%
Regular WIND 8.6% 6.7% 14.8%
Table 4.29: Comparison displacement values for optimum location
Optimum location Irregular EQ Irregular WIND

Bare Frame 645.3mm 698.5mm
0.67h 583.4mm 628.6mm
0.67h+0.33h 544.2mm 657.7mm
Table 4.30: Comparison of percentage deflection values for optimum locations
0.67h to 0.67h+ Bare to 0.67h+

Bare to 0.67h
0.33h 0.33h
Irregular EQ 9.6% 6.7% 15.7%
Irregular WIND 10% 9.6% 18.7%
Table 4.31: Comparison Storey shear values for optimum location
Optimum location Regular EQ (kN) Regular WIND (kN)

Bare Frame 21675 34483
0.33h 34483
21747
0.33h+0.5h 21818 34483

2016
Table 4.32: Comparison Storey shear values for optimum location
Optimum location Irregular EQ (kN) Irregular WIND (kN)

Bare Frame 12635 23849
0.67h 12685 23849
0.67h+0.33h 12757 23849

2016
CONCLUSION
The most significant parameter monitored throughout the whole analysis process
was displacement. The obtained results are within limits for the given code. By
comparing both one dimensional asymmetrical structure and two dimensional
symmetrical structures finally conclusion is that first location of the optimum position of
outrigger and belt truss system is 0.67 times height of the building and the second
location of the optimum position of outrigger and belt truss system is 0.5 times height of
the structure.
The following conclusions are made through this project:
1) Use of outrigger with belt truss system increase the stiffness and make the
building more efficient under lateral load.
2) The placing of first optimum position 6.3% deflection for earthquake and 8.6%
deflection for wind is controlled from the bare frame for the Regular model.
3) The placing of first optimum position 9.6% deflection for earthquake and 10%
deflection wind is controlled from the bare frame for the Irregular model.
4) The placing of second optimum position 11.6% deflection for earthquake and
14.8% deflection for wind is controlled from the bare frame for the Regular
model.
5) The placing of second optimum position 15.7% of deflection for earthquake and
18.7% deflection for wind is controlled from the bare frame for the Irregular
model.
6) The base shear for two dimensional bare frame is 21675 kN and it is increased to
21747 kN when first location of outrigger system with belt truss is placed and
further 21818 kN is increased after placing the second location of outrigger
system with belt truss.
7) The base shear for two dimensional bare frame is 12635 kN and it is increased to
12685 kN when first location of outrigger system with belt truss is placed and
further 12757 kN is increased after placing the second location of outrigger
system with belt truss

2016
SCOPE FOR FUTHER STUDY
We know that Earthquake may occur anywhere in the world and risk associated in
construction of multi-storey structures more, as we know that thousands of occupants live
in tall building and if such structures collapse leads to structural or non structural damage
to the tall structures and disasters of unacceptable proportions.
Try with Time history, Response spectrum analysis for different types of plan
irregularities and vertical irregularities models.
Try with push over analysis and P-delta analysis for different types of plan
irregularities and vertical irregularities models.

2016
REFERENCES
[1] Shivacharan K, Chandrakala S, Dr. G Narayana,Karthik N M Analysis of Outrigger
System for Tall Vertical Irregularities structures Subjected to Lateral
LoadsInternational journal of research in Enginneering and technology(IJRET),
eISSN: 2319-1163 pISSN:2321-7308, Volume 04,Issue 05, pg 84-88,May 2015.
[2] P.M.B. Raj Kiran Nanduri, B.Suresh, MD. Ihtesham Hussain Optimum Position of
Outrigger System for High-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings Under Wind And
Earthquake Loadings American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-ISSN :
2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-02, Issue-08, pp-76-89 2013
[3] Mohd Irfan Moinuddin& Mohd Afroz Khan Conducted A Study for the Optimum
Location of Outriggers for High-Rise Concrete Buildings Vol.2 , No.1, Pages : 628
- 633 (2013) Special Issue of ICACSE 2013
[4] Gerasimidis S., Efthymiou E. & Baniotopoulos C. C. Optimum outrigger locations of
high-rise steel buildings for wind loading EACWE5 19th 23rd july 2009.
[5] N. Herath, N. Haritos, T. Ngo & P. Mendis Behaviour of Outrigger Beams in High
rise Buildings under Earthquake Loads Australian Earthquake Engineering Society
2009 Conference.
[6] Z. Bayati, M. Mahdikhani and A. Rahaei(2008) Optimized use of Multi-Outriggers
System to Stiffen Tall Buildings
[7] Karthik.N.M, N.Jayaramappa optimum position of Outrigger system for High Raised
RC Buildings using etabs 2013.1.5 (push over analysis). IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684, p-ISSN: 2320-
334X PP 27-32 December 2014.
[8] IS: 875(Part 3) -1987 Code of practice for design loads for building and sructures
(Second revision).
[9] IS1893 (part 1):2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures-
General Provisions and Buildings (Fifth revision).
[10] IS 1893 (Part 4) (2005) Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures,
Part 4: Industrial Structures Including Stack-Like Structures. ICS 91.120.25 (Second
reprit 2008).
[11] IS 456: 2000Plain and reinforced concrete -code of practice ( Fourth Revision )

Response of Outrigger System For High Rise Structure Under Wind and Earthquake Loadings

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Response of Outrigger System For High Rise Structure Under Wind and Earthquake Loadings

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ABSTRACT

Keywords: - Outrigger, Belt truss system, Wind, Earthquake, Lateral displacement.

So as increase in vertical direction the design is controlled mainly by three

In General, multi storey structures is constructed in terms of symbol of economic

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 1

1.2 STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS

IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 definition of irregular structures:

Vertical irregularities are mainly five types

Vertical Geometric Irregularity

According to table 5, Page 8, IS 1893-2002 Part - 1

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 2

Fig 1.1: (a-c) Elevation irregularities with abrupt Change in Geometry

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 3

Outrigger is a stiff beam connected laterally in terms of X bracing from core to

Fig 1.2: Outriggers with Core and Belt Truss

Fig 1.3: Standard 3D view of the outrigger and belt truss

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 4

In building when structure is loaded horizontally, vertical plane rotations of the

1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1) Generation of 3D Building Model.

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 5

1.5 TALLEST STRUCTURE IN WORLD

1) BURJ KHALIFA : The Burj Khalifa also known as the

2) TOKYO SKYTREE : It became the tallest structure in Japan in 2010 and

3) SHANGAI TOWERS : The Shanghai Tower is a megatall skyscraper in Lujiazui,

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 6

4) ABRAJ AL-BAIT :It is a complex of seven skyscraper hotels in Mecca, Saudi

5) ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER : It is also known as the Freedom Tower is

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 7

1.6 TALLEST STRUCTURE IN INDIA

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 8

4) WORLD CREST :World One is a supertall residential skyscraper under

5) LODHA BELLISSIMO : It is a tower located in Mumbai, India developed by

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 9

Gerasimidas S, Efthymiou E, and Baniotopoulos C. C conduced analysis on

Kiran kamath, Avinash A R, Sandesh Upadhyaya K conducted A Study on the

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 11

To determine location of first position of outrigger and second position of

3.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The method of analysis is done by considering some assumptions

1) The core is rigidly attached to the foundation

3.3 MODELING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

1) Creating the basic building model.

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 12

3.4 ETABS SOFTWARE 2013 Version 13.1.5

3.5 WIND LOAD (IS: 875(Part 3) - 1987)

For wind load analysis we should consider

Lateral Sway (IS 456: 2000)

3.6 EARTHQUAKE LOAD (1893(Part - 1):2000)

Design Base Shear:

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 13

It displacement of one level to another level above or below. The limitations of

Deflection Criterion (IS 1893 (Part 4): 2005)

Dmax = maximum lateral deflection

H = height of the structure above the base

M.Tech(CSE), Department of Civil Engineering Dr AIT, Bengaluru Page 14

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

In this project there are two different types of models

4.2 REGULAR STRUCTURE

4.2.1 SECTIONS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF BUILDING

Type of structure: Ordinary moment resisting reinforced concrete frame structure

Grade of concrete: M40

Grade of Reinforcing Steel: Fe 500