Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos

Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos

senx
Usar o limite fundamental e alguns artifcios : lim =1
x0 x

x x 0
1. lim =? lim = , uma indeterminao.
x 0 sen x x 0 sen x 0
x 1 1 x
lim = lim = = 1 logo lim =1
x 0 sen x x 0 sen x sen x x 0 sen x
lim
x x0 x
sen 4 x sen 4 x 0 sen 4 x sen y
2. lim = ? lim = lim 4. = 4. lim =4.1= 4 logo
x0 x x0 x 0 x 0 4x y 0 y
sen 4 x
lim =4
x0 x
sen 5 x 5 sen 5 x 5 sen y 5 sen 5 x 5
3. lim = ? lim . = lim . = logo lim =
x 0 2 x x 0 2 5x y 0 2 y 2 x 0 2x 2
sen mx sen mx m sen mx m sen y m m sen mx m
4. lim = ? lim = lim . = . lim = .1= logo lim =
x 0 nx x 0 nx x0 n mx n y 0 y n n x 0 nx n
sen 3 x sen 3 x sen 3 x sen y
3. lim lim
sen 3 x sen 3 x 3 y 0 y 3
5. lim =? lim = lim x = lim 3x = . x 0 3x = . = .1 =
x 0 sen 2 x x 0 sen 2 x x 0 sen 2 x x0 sen 2 x sen 2 x 2 sen t 2
2. lim lim
x 2x x0 2 x t 0 t
3 sen 3 x 3
logo lim =
2 x 0 sen 2 x 2
sen mx sen mx sen mx
m.
senmx sen mx x mx m mx m
6. lim = ? lim = lim = lim = lim . = Logo
x0 sennx x 0 sen nx x 0 sen nx x 0 sen nx x 0 n sen nx n
n.
x nx nx
senmx m
lim =
x 0 sennx n
sen x
tgx tgx 0 tgx sen x 1
7. lim = ? lim = lim = lim cos x = lim . =
x 0 x x 0 x 0 x 0 x x 0 x x 0 cos x x
sen x 1 sen x 1 tgx
lim . = lim . lim = 1 Logo lim =1
x 0 x cos x x 0 x x 0 cos x x 0 x

8. lim
(
tg a 2 1
= ?
) lim
tg a 2 1 (=
0 ) x 1
Fazendo t = a 2 1, lim
tg (t )
=1
a 1 a 1
2 a 1 a 1
2 0 t 0 t 0 t

logo lim
( ) =1
tg a 2 1
a 1 a2 1

1
 Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos
Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos
sen 3 x
x.1
x sen 3 x x sen 3 x x sen 3 x x
f (x ) =
0
9. lim = ? lim = = =
x 0 x + sen 2 x x 0 x + sen 2 x 0 x + sen 2 x sen 5 x
x.1 +
x
sen 3 x sen 3 x sen 3 x
x.1 3. 1 3. 1 3.
3 . x = 3. x lim 3.x = 1 3 = 2 = 1 logo
sen 5 x sen 5 x x 0 sen 5 x 1+ 5 6 3
x.1 + 5. 1 + 5. 1 + 5.
5 . x 5 . x 5 . x
x sen 3 x 1
lim =
x 0 x + sen 2 x 3
tgx sen x tgx sen x sen x 1 sen 2 x 1 1
10. lim = ? lim = lim . . . =
x 0 x 3 x 0 x 3 x0 x cos x x 2 1 + cos x 2
sen x sen x sen x. cos x
sen x
tgx sen x cos x sen x.(1 cos x ) sen x 1 1 cos x
f (x ) = = 3
= cos x = = . . =
x 3
x x 3
x 3 . cos x x x 2 cos x
sen x 1 1 cos x 1 + cos x sen x 1 1 cos 2 x 1 sen x 1 sen 2 x 1
. . . = . . . = . . .
x x 2 cos x 1 + cos x x cos x x 2 1 + cos x x cos x x 2 1 + cos x
tgx sen x 1
Logo lim =
x 0 x3 2
1 + tgx 1 + sen x tgx sen x 1
11. lim =? lim . =
x 0 x 3 x 0 x 3
1 + tgx + 1 + sen x
sen x 1 sen 2 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
lim . . . . = 1. . . . =
x 0 x cos x x 2 1 + cos x 1 + tgx + 1 + sen x 1 1 2 2 4
1 + tgx 1 + senx 1 + tgx 1 sen x tgx sen x
f (x ) =
1 1
= . = .
x3 x3 1 + tgx + 1 + sen x x3 1 + tgx + 1 + sen x
1 + tgx 1 + sen x 1
lim 3
=
x 0 x 4
xa x+a
2 sen . cos
sen x sen a sen x sen a 2 2 =
12. lim =? lim = lim
xa xa xa xa xa xa
2.
2
x a . cos x + a
2 sen( )
2 . 2 sen x sen a
lim = cos a Logo lim = cosa
xa xa 1 xa xa
2.
2

2
 Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos
Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos
x+ax x+a+ x
2 sen . cos
sen ( x + a ) sen x sen ( x + a ) sen x 2 2
13. lim = ? lim = lim . =
a 0 a a 0 a aa xa 1
2.
2
a 2x + a
2 sen . cos

2 2 sen ( x + a ) sen x
lim . = cos x Logo lim =cosx
aa a 1 a 0 a
2.
2
x+a+ x xa x
2 sen . sen
cos( x + a ) cos x cos( x + a ) cos x 2 2
14. lim = ? lim = lim =
a0 a a 0 a a 0 a
2x + a a a
2. sen . sen sen
2x + a
lim
2 2
= lim sen .
2
= sen x Logo
a0 a a0 2 a
2.
2 2
cos( x + a ) cos x
lim =-senx
a0 a
1 1 cos a cos x

sec x sec a sec x sec a cos x cos a
15. lim = ? lim = lim = lim cos x. cos a =
xa xa xa xa x a xa xa xa
a+ x ax
2. sen . sen
cos a cos x 2 2 =
lim = lim
x a ( x a ). cos x. cos a xa (x a ). cos x. cos a
a+ x ax a+x ax
2. sen sen sen sen
2 . 2 . 1 2 2 1
lim = lim . . =
xa 1 a x cos x. cos a x a 1 a x cos x. cos a
2.
2 2
sen a 1 sen a 1 sec x sec a
.1 . = . = tga. sec a Logo lim = tga. sec a
1 cos a. cos a cos a cos a xa xa

16. lim
x2
x 0 1 sec x
= ? lim
x2
x 0 1 sec x
= lim
x0 2
1
= 2
sen x 1 1
. .
x2 cos x (1 + cos x )
x2 x2 x 2 . cos x
f (x ) =
1
= = = =
1
1 cos x 1 1.(1 cos x )

(1 cos x ) 1 (1 + cos x )
. .
cos x cos x x2 cos x (1 + cos x )
1 1
=
1 cos 2 x 1 1 sen 2 x 1 1
. . . .
x 2 cos x 1 + cos x )
( x 2 cos x 1 + cos x )
(

3
 Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos
Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos
1 tgx 1
1
1 cot gx 1 cot gx tgx tgx
17. lim =? lim = lim = lim =
1 tgx 1 tgx
x 1 tgx
1 tgx
x x x
4 4 4 4
1.(1 tgx )
tgx 1 1 cot gx
lim = lim = 1 Logo lim = -1
x
1 tgx x tgx x 1 tgx
4 4 4

18. lim
1 cos x
3
= ? lim
1 cos x 3
= lim
(1 cos x ).(1 + cos x + cos 2 x ) =
x0 sen 2 x x0 sen 2 x x 0 1 cos 2 x

lim
(1 cos x ).(1 + cos x + cos 2 x ) = lim 1 + cos x + cos 2 x = 3 Logo lim
1 cos 3 x
=
3
x 0 (1 cos x )(. 1 + cos x ) x 0 1 + cos x 2 x 0 2
sen x 2
sen 3 x sen 3 x sen x.(1 + 2. cos x )
19. lim = ? lim = lim = 3

x 1 2. cos x x 1 2. cos x x 1
3 3 3

f (x ) =
sen 3 x
=
sen ( x + 2 x )
=
sen x. cos 2 x + sen 2 x. cos x
=
(
sen x. 2 cos 2 x 1 + 2. sen x. cos x. cos x
=
)
1 2. cos x 1 2. cos x 1 2. cos x 1 2. cos x
[( )
sen x. 2 cos 2 x 1 + 2 cos 2 x
=
]
sen x. 4 cos 2 x 1
=
[ ]
sen x.(1 2.cox )(
. 1 + 2.cox )
=
sen x.(1 + 2. cos x )
1 2. cos x 1 2. cos x 1 2. cos x 1

sen x cos x sen x cos x

= lim ( cos x ) =
2
20. lim =? lim
x
4
1 tgx x
4
1 tgx x
4
2
sen x cos x sen x cos x sen x cos x sen x cos x sen x cos x
f (x ) = = = = = =
1 tgx sen x sen x cos x sen x 1.(sen x cos x )
1 1
cos x cos x cos x cos x
sen x cos x cos x
. = cos x
1 cos x sen x
21. lim (3 x ). cos sec(x ) = ? lim (3 x ). cos sec(x ) = 0.
x3 x3
3 x 3 x
f (x ) = (3 x ). cos sec(x) = (3 x ).
1 1
= = = =
sen (x ) sen ( x ) sen (3 x ) . sen (3 x )
.(3 x )
1
lim (3 x ). cos sec(x ) = lim
1 1
=
. sen (3 x ) x3 x3 . sen (3 x )
(3 x ) (3 x )
1 1
22. lim x. sen( ) = ? lim x. sen( ) = .0
x x x x
1
sen
x sen t 1 x +
lim = lim =1 Fazendo t =
x 1 t 0 t x t 0
x

4
 Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos
Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos

2. sen 2 x + sen x 1 1 + sen
2. sen 2 x + sen x 1 1 + sen x 6 =
23. lim = ? lim = lim =
x 2. sen x 3. sen x + 1
2 x 2. sen 2 x 3. sen x + 1 x 1 + sen x
6 6 6 1 + sen
6
1
1 sen x .(sen x + 1)
1+
2 =3 f (x ) =
2. sen x + sen x 1
2
=
2
=
(sen x + 1) = 1 + sen x
1+
1 2. sen x 3. sen x + 1
2

sen x .(sen x 1)
1 (sen x 1) 1 + sen x
2 2
x x x
24. lim(1 x ).tg = ? lim(1 x ).tg = 0. f (x ) = (1 x ).tg =
x 1 2 x 1 2 2

.(1 x ).
2 2 2
x
(1 x ). cot g = (1 x)
= 2 = =
2 2 x x x x
tg tg tg tg
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x
.(1 x )
2 2 2
2 2
x 2
lim(1 x ).tg = lim = = Fazendo uma mudana de varivel,
x 1 2 x 1 x tg (t )
tg lim
2 2 t 0 t
x

2 2
x x 1
temos : t=
2 x t 0
1 x 2 1 x 2 1+ x 2
25. lim = ? lim = lim =
x 1 sen (x ) x 1 sen (x ) x 1 . sen ( x )
( x )
f (x ) =
1 x 2
=
(1 x )(. 1 + x ) = 1+ x
=
1+ x
=
1+ x
sen x sen ( x ) sen ( x ) . sen ( x ) . sen ( x )
(1 x ) .(1 x ) ( x )

26. lim cot g 2 x. cot g x = ? lim cot g 2 x. cot g x = .0
x 0
2 x 0
2
tgx 1 tg 2 x 1 tg 2 x
f (x ) = cot g 2 x. cot g x = cot g 2 x.tgx =
tgx
= = tgx. =
2 tg 2 x 2tgx 2.tgx 2
1 tg 2 x
1 tg 2 x 1
lim cot g 2 x. cot g x = lim =
x 0 2 x0 2 2
cos x 3 cos x t2 1
27. lim = lim =
x 0 sen 2 x t 1 1 + t + t 2 + ... + t 10 + t 11 12
cos x 3 cos x t3 t2 t 2 .(1 t ) t2
f (x ) =
(1 t ).(1 + t + t 2 + ... + t 10 + t 11 )
= = =
sen 2 x 1 t 12 1 + t + t 2 + ... + t 10 + t 11
x 0
t = 2.3 cos x = 6 cos x t 6 = cos x , t 12 = cos 2 x , sen 2 x = 1 t 12
t 1

5
 Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos
Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos
BriotxRuffini :
1 0 0 ... 0 -1
1 1 1 ... 1 1
1 1 1 ... 1 0

sen 2 x cos 2 x 1 sen 2 x cos 2 x 1

28. lim = ? lim = lim ( 2. cos x ) = 2. cos = 2.
2
=

x
4
cos x sen x x
4
cos x sen x
x
4
4 2

2
f (x ) = =
( =
)
sen 2 x cos 2 x 1 2. sen x cos x 2 cos 2 x 1 1 2. sen x. cos x 2 cos 2 x + 1 1
=
cos x sen x cos x sen x cos x sen x
2. sen x. cos x 2 cos 2 x 2. cos x.(cos x sen x )
= = 2. cos x
cos x sen x cos x sen x
sen ( x 1) sen (x 1) 1 sen (x 1) 2 x 1 + 1
29. lim = ? lim = lim . . =1
x 1
2x 1 1 x 1 2 x 1 1 x 1 2 (x 1) 1
sen (x 1) sen (x 1) 2x 1 + 1 sen ( x 1) 2 x 1 + 1 sen ( x 1) 2 x 1 + 1
f (x ) = = . = . = . =
2x 1 1 2x 1 1 2x 1 + 1 2x 1 1 1 2.(x 1) 1
1 sen (x 1) 2 x 1 + 1
. .
2 (x 1) 1
x

sen 3
+ x 2
1 2. cos x 1 2. cos x
30. lim = ? lim = lim 2. sen 3 . =
x 2
x
3 x x
3 x 3
3 x
3 3 2

+ 2

2. sen 3 3 . = 2. sen 3 . = 2. sen . = 2. 3 = 3
2 2 3 2

+ x x
3
1 2.( 2 ) sen 3 . sen
2 . cos x 2 . cos cos x 2 2
1 2. cos x = =
f (x ) = = 2
3
=

x x x x
3 3 3 1.2. 3
2

+ x x x
3
2. sen 3 . sen sen 3
2 2 + x 2

= 2. sen 3 .
x 2 x
3 3
2 2

1 cos 2 x 1 cos 2 x 2. sen x
31. lim =? lim = lim =2
x 0 x. sen x x 0 x. sen x x
x
3

6
 Limites Trigonomtricos Resolvidos
Sete pginas e 34 limites resolvidos

f (x ) = =
( =
)
1 cos 2 x 1 1 2 sen x 1 1 + 2 sen 2 x 2. sen x 2. sen x
2
=
2
=
x. sen x x. sen x x. sen x x. sen x x

x x 1 + sen x + 1 sen x 1+1

32. lim = ? lim = lim =
x 0 1 + sen x 1 sen x x 0 1 + sen x 1 sen x x 0 2. sen x 2.1
x
=1
f (x ) =
x
=
(
x. 1 + sen x + 1 sen x ) = x.( 1 + sen x + 1 sen x )=
1 + sen x 1 sen x 1 + sen x (1 sen x ) 1 + sen x 1 + sen x
(
x. 1 + sen x + 1 sen x )= 1 + sen x + 1 sen x
=
1+1
=1
2. sen x sen x 2.1
2.
x
cos 2 x cos x + sen x 2 2
33. lim = lim = + = 2
x0 cos x sen x x 0 1 2 2
cos 2 x.(cos x + sen x ) cos 2 x.(cos x + sen x ) cos 2 x.(cos x + sen x )
f (x ) =
cos 2 x
= = = =
cos x sen x (cos x sen x )(. cos x + sen x ) cos 2 x sen 2 x cos 2 x
cos 2 x.(cos x + sen x ) cos x + sen x 2 2
= = + = 2
cos 2 x 1 2 2
3
2. sen x
2 2. sen sen x
3 2. sen x 3 2. sen x
lim lim
3
34. lim =? lim = = =

x
3 x x
3 x x
3 x x
3 x
3 3 3 3
3x + 3x
x + x
2. sen 3 . cos 3 2. sen 3 . cos 3
2 2 2 2


lim = lim =
3x
x
3 x x
3
3 3
3x + 3x
2. sen . cos
6 6
lim
x
1.( 3 x )
3
3

35. ?