Chapter 1: Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things

Answer

Exercise 1
1. bacteria , virus, fungi, algae, protozoa
2. A. protozoa B. fungi C. bacteria D. algae E. virus
3. (a) bacteria (b) virus (c) virus (d) algae (e) fungi (f) protozoa

Exercise 2
1. (a) temperature (b) light (c) pH (d) humidity (e) nutrients
2.
Section A Section B

(i) Aim of the experiment (a) pH more than 7.

(ii) Hypothesis (b)To study the effect of pH on

the growth of bacteria
growth of microorganisms
(iii) Fixed variable (c)Microorganisms grow and
multiply rapidly
(iv) Manipulated variable (d) Bacteria growth is highest at
pH 7
(v) Responding variable (e)Type of nutrients

(vi) Alkaline (f)The growth of bacteria

(vii) In neutral condition (g) pH value

Exercise 3
1. (i) F
2. (i) B
3. (i) C (ii) D (iii) E
4. (i) G (ii) J
5. (i) A (ii) H (iii) I

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Exercise 4
1.
M O T I N E A S H C E N D O L

C E C A T I D M C H O L E R A

S T A A I H U A R T U N N O T

I I N S I A B E T E S E G N R

T B M A L A R I A L A M U A O

I E R L J E C A N C E R E L S

L A E R I C S G K R M P F D A

E S V R S T G W O L M K E I I

Y A M R I N G W O R M I V N D

M T L L D A K P O A J E H S

O G A A T R I C A H R E R O R

I B M U M P S Y U R I M R N O

L D Y S B N T S I L I H P Y S

O H D Y S E N T E R Y J I O I

P L A H E P A T I T I S B S T

(i) poliomyelitis , hepatitis , mumps , measles , aids , dengue fever

(ii) cholera , syphilis

(iii) tinea, ringworm

(iv) dysentery, malaria

Exercise 5
1. (a) vaccination (b) sterilization (c) antiseptics (d) antibody
(e) pathogen (f) serum (g) antigen (h) vector
(i) vaccine (j) immunity

2. (i) c (ii) a (iii) d (iv) b

3. A: Passive B: Natural C: Artificial D: Artificial

E: Recover from an illness F: Breastfeeding G: Antiserum

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Exercise 6
1. removed , replaced
2. killed , pathogens , antibiotic
3. tuberculosis , gonorrhea, virus
4. Radiotherapy , cancer
5. biotechnology, insulin
6. bacteria
7. kidney , liver
8. penicillin , doctors
9. herbs
10. tetanus, rabies