PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

A 71 year old with family history of Sedentary Lifestyle fund of eating fatty
hypertension and diabetes mellitus foods and a smoker

Affectation of the rhythm of the heart

Hypercholesterolemia (309 mg/dl) and
Increase triglyceride (231 mg/dl)
Direct damage to heart muscle

Increase contraction of the heart

muscle
Left side of the heart cannot pump adequately to the aorta to different parts of the body

Blood dams back to the Fluid overload in the heart decrease stroke
pulmonary capillary bed volume

Heart compensates to meet the need of the tissues

Increase pressure of the Decrease blood
blood into the capillary supply
beds
Activation of autonomic nervous system
Decrease tissue
Fluid ships into the oxygenation
intravascular and Constriction of blood vessel
internal spaces
Affectation of the hypothalamus
 Secretion of
antidiuretic hormone

Pulmonary congestion Increase hydrostatic

pressure

Increase Peripheral Increase BP-

Bipedal edema
Wheezing Dyspnea Vascular Resistance 180/100

Affectation of renal function renal perfusion

Cough fatigue orthopnea

Activation of Renin
production of RBC Albuminuria/Glucosuria Angiotensin
Aldosterone
system

Increase hemoglobin in the

blood (Hgb-9.4mg/dl)(Hct-29.2) fluid retention/
water reabsorption

Ascites