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Technology: Ammonia Stripping TDS-WAS-10-2014

Description The conduct of price comparisons are possible given a


Ammonia stripping refers to a simple process utilized specific set of design criteria.
to lower the ammonia content of a wastewater stream.
Some wastewaters contain large amounts of ammonia Advantages
and/or nitrogen-containing compounds that may readily Assuming pH and air temperature remain stable,
form ammonia. The process of ammonia stripping the operation is relatively simple and unaffected by
is often easier and less expensive to conduct when wastewater fluctuation.
removing nitrogen from wastewater (in the form of Ammonia stripping creates no backwash or
ammonia) than converting the same to nitrate-nitrogen regeneration.
before removing it. Ammonia stripping is unaffected by toxic
compounds that could disrupt the performance of
Applicability a biological system.
Ammonia stripping is well suited for wastewater with Ammonia stripping is a controlled process for
ammonia levels between 10100 milligrams per liter selected ammonia removals.
(mg/l). Higher ammonia content (more than 100mg/l)
may necessitate the use of alternate removal techniques Disadvantages
(e.g., steam stripping or biological methods). Water must be re-pumped to the stripping tower,
Air stripping may also be used to remove many which may translate to higher maintenance and
hydrophobic organic molecules. power requirements associated with pumping.
Pilot testing need to be carried out to check the
Performance removability of scale formation.
Ammonia stripping performance is highly dependent Ammonia stripping cannot be performed in
on air temperature and air and/or water ratios, with freezing conditions (unless sufficient heated air is
efficiency decreasing significantly with a corresponding available) as it affects removal efficiency.
decrease in air temperature. Specifically, an ammonia Ammonia discharged into the atmosphere may
removal efficiency ranging from 90% to 95% can be be non-compliant with prevailing air quality
achieved with a temperature of 20EC (68EF). Decreasing regulations in some locations.
the temperature to 10EC (50EF), saw a corresponding Ammonia stripping does not remove nitrite and
efficiency drop to 75%. organic nitrogen.
Air pollution problems may result from ammonia
Cost and sulfur dioxide reaction.
The cost of ammonia stripping is dependent on factors Addition of lime to control pH in the air stripping
such as manufacturer, site, capacity of the plant, process may create operation and maintenance
ammonia concentration of the wastewater, flow rate concerns.
desired, types of blowers, and water temperature (water Noise may be a problem.
temperature affects design which then affects price). Susceptibility of the wood packing of the stripping
Operation and maintenance cost items, on the other tower to wastewater with high pH may pose a
hand, include power, materials, chemical, and labor. problem.
Process

Robert Domingo
Source: Indian Standard Guide for Treatment and Disposal of Effluents of Fertilizer Industry.

References:
Indian Standard Guide for Treatment and Disposal of Effluents of Fertilizer Industry. Ammoniacal Effluent Treatment by Steam/Air Stripping. http://bit.ly/1j127tf.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 2000. Ammonia Stripping. Wastewater Technology Fact Sheet. http://1.usa.gov/1m5xuGO.

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