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Arita Basumatary1, Anil Kumar2, Rajeev Paulus3 , A.K. Jaiswal4 , Ekta Chauhan5
1M.Tech Scholar, Faculty of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SIET SHUATS, U.P, India
2,3Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SIET SHUATS, U.P., India
4Head of the Dept. Electronics & Comm. Engineering, SIET SHUATS, U.P., India
5Dept. of Physics, SIET SHUATS, U.P., India.
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Abstract: The designed antenna is about elliptical Microstrip recommended for instance slots, coaxial probe feeding
patch antenna with a slot where two diodes are placed on the techniques and diodes. [1-2]
slot. The design of the antenna is based on diode conditions ON
and OFF. This antenna is tested and simulated and the gain of Furthermore another specific approach is the utility of
antenna is being improved for different conditions at two peculiar model of the patch which aims resonance at
frequencies 8.5306GHz and 8.7143GHz. Slot antenna works in frequency & hides surface current waves considering modes.
single band and multiband frequency. The antenna has a Since the relevance of the applicability of Elliptical Patch
substrate designed on FR4epoxy. A variation in parameters antenna came into existence the consequence of the fact that
like radiated power, gain and directivity is achieved. Working category regarding insignificant character sketch of antenna
and testing is done by utilizing simulator Ansoft HFSS. The have larger capacity. We can also regulate contrasting shapes
results are checked and evaluated for the proposed antenna. in the manner of circular, rectangular, square, helical &
elliptical shape.[2] Considering the polarization of ellipse the
Key Words: Reconfigurable, Elliptical, Ultra Wide band, tangential part of the elliptical angle shows the proportion of
Slots, Diodes. minor axis to major axis.[10] Including the consideration of
slots where diodes are positioned the gain, low permittivity
1. INTRODUCTION & bandwidth of patch antennas can be progressed. Through
controlled slots, Patch antennas get impacted. Diodes and
More than the past period of years the antennas have played capacitor have a positive display on patch antenna.[4]
very decisive role in the area of wireless communication. Henceforth this conditions can execute the demands for the
With the growing and increasing of the broadband evolution of wireless technologies.
technologies microstrip patch antenna is mostly favored. [1]-
[3] It is utilized in numerous areas like satellite 1.1 Antenna Configuration
communication, aircrafts, missiles, GPS system and
broadcasting. Certain credits of antenna are low cost light In this antenna the dimension of the substrate is 30mm x
weight low profile, small size, polarization.[4][6] Basically 30mm x 1.8mm at position -15, -15, 0. The material used for
the advancement of dual band antennas for the extension in the substrate is FR4epoxy. Dimensions are 0mm x 0mm x
the wired antennas was done . The configuration of internal 1.8mm where radius is taken as 7mm and ratio 2. The
handset antennas are accomplished by rectifying the size of elliptical patch has been divided into two section by a slot and
small antenna.[6] With broadening of the cellular in between the divided section two square slots are notched
communication the dual frequency came into scenario placing two diodes into square shape. The material of the
having a useful benefit comparatively exquisite electric diode taken is copper. Both the dimension of diode is 2mm x
aspects, compressed in geometry, cheap and adequate 2mm x 1mm. The copper diodes behaves as a switch. The
function that can be established for a single coaxial coaxial feeding is terminated using cylinder 2 and cylinder 3
feeding.[7][8] Likewise, the Reconfigurable Antennas has a as pec. Slot with two diodes are attached to the patch.
great significance in wireless communication consist
extensively for defense and in the market. The antenna could
be reconfigured making use of the diodes.[9] It has the
potential to modify the operating frequency, radiation
pattern & polarization in form of real time.[11]Moreover,
when the antennas are Reconfigurable the polarization
involves linear, right- hand & left- hand polarization.[12]
The extreme hindrances of patch antenna bandwidth is
restricted, gain is not high, little efficiency, lesser power and
inadequate polarization. Therefore, in order to conquer the
indicated numerous obstacles few resolutions have been
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1650
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
substrate -2
-6
-8
d1 -10
feed -12
patch
-14
d2 -16
-18
-20
2 4 6 8 10
Frequency in GHz
(a)
50
40
30
vswr in dB
20
10
0 2 4 6 8 10
2. Tables, Simulations and Results Frequency in GHz
of ) ) (dB) (GHz)
Gain in dB
Diode
-5
D2 16.3520 7 20 3 -15
ON
D1 - 3.153 3.09 6.400 8.7143
-20
ON & 14.9163 3 43 5 0 2 4 6
Frequency in GHz
8 10
D2
OFF (c)
D1 -18.08 2.178 2.85 6.142 8.7143 10
OFF & 3 68 7
D2 5
ON
D1 & - 2.939 3.14 6.342 8.7143
Directivity in dB
D2 15.5134 6 75 0
OFF -5
-10
-15
0 2 4 6 8 10
Frequency in GHz
(d)
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1651
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
0 5
25
330 30
20
15 0
10
300 60
5
Gain in dB
0 -5
-5
-10
270 90
-10 -10
-5
0
5 -15
240 120
10
15
-20
20
210 150
25
180 0 2 4 6 8 10
Radiation at Frequency= 8.5306 and phi=0 deg.
Radiation at Frequency= 8.5306 and phi=90 deg. Frequency in GHz
(e)
(c)
Fig-3: Diode D1 and D2 both in ON condition, (a) Return 10
loss (b) vswr, (c) Gain, (d) directivity, and (e) Radiation
pattern 5
The Figure-3 shows that when both the diodes are ON the Directivity in dB
0
(d)
2
-2
-4
0
Return Loss in dB
25
330 30
-6 20
15
-8
10
300 60
-10 5
0
-12
-5
-14 -10
270 90
-10
-16
-5
0 2 4 6 8 10 0
Frequency in GHz 5
240 120
10
15
(a) 20
210 150
25
180
50
Radiation at Frequency= 8.7143 and phi=0 deg.
Radiation at Frequency= 8.7143 and phi=90 deg.
40 (e)
(b) vswr, (c) Gain, (d) directivity, and (e) Radiation pattern
20
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1652
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
0
0
-2 25
330 30
Return Loss i.e. s11 in dB
-4
20
15
-6
10
-8 300 60
5
-10 0
-12 -5
-14 -10
270 90
-10
-16
-5
-18
0
-20 5
0 2 4 6 8 10 240 120
10
Frequency in GHz
15
20
(a) 25
210 150
180
Radiation at Frequency=8.7143 and phi=0 deg.
50 Radiation at Frequency=8.7143 and phi=90 deg.
(e)
40
30
Fig4: Diode D1 off and D2 in on condition, (a) Return loss
(b) vswr, (c) Gain, (d) directivity, and (e) Radiation pattern
vswr in dB
20
(b) 2
-2
Return loss i.e. S11 in dB
5
-4
0 -6
-8
Gain in dB
-5
-10
-12
-10
-14
-15 -16
0 2 4 6 8 10
-20 Frequency in GHz
(a)
0 2 4 6 8 10
Frequency in GHz
50
(c)
40
10
30
vswr in dB
20
Directivity in dB
10
-5
0
-10
0 2 4 6 8 10
Frequency in GHz
-15
0 2 4 6 8 10 (b)
Frequency in GHz
(d)
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1653
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
-5
-5
directivity of the antenna becomes better from the first
condition. In addition, the diode conditions the table displays
-10 the details of switching operation activating in a patch
antenna. It is clearly revealed that when the Diode D1 is ON
and D2 is OFF a good return loss, VSWR, Gain and Directivity
-15
0 2 4 6
Frequency in GHz
8 10
is derived. Return loss S11 -18.08 dB radiating at 8.7GHz
frequency has a satisfying VSWR of 2.1 whose antenna gain
(d) is 2.8dBi and directivity of 6.1427dB. This is accessed by
unceasingly harmonizing the capacitance of the diode. The
Return loss for the last condition S11 at 8.7GHz frequency is -
25
0
15.5dB. Also, the radiation patterns shows the polarization
330 30
20 of the antenna.
15
10
5
300 60
REFERENCES
0
-5 1. Ridhi Gupta and Sanjay Gupta," Shifted Elliptical
-10
-5
270 90
Slot in Microstrip Patch Antenna for increasing BW
0 and
5 Gain."IJARCEE Vol.2, Issue 4,April 2013.
10 240 120
2. AjinkyaPingale," Design of Elliptical Microstrip
Antenna for Ultra wide Band Applications." IJETR,
15
20
25
210 150
vol.3, Issue, March 2015.
3. PratibhaSekra, SumitaShekhawat and ManojDubey,"
180
Radiation at Frequency=8.7143 and phi=0 deg.
Radiation at Frequency=8.7143 and phi=90 deg.
Design of circulatory polarized edge truncated
(e) elliptical patch antenna with improved
performance,"Indian Journal of Radio & Space
Physics, vol.40,pp227-333, August 2011.
Fig-5: Diode D1 and D2 both in ON condition, (a) Return 4. Vijay Sharma & Deepak Bhatnagar," Radiation
loss (b) vswr, (c) Gain, (d) directivity, and (e) Radiation Performance of an Elliptical Patch Antenna with
pattern three orthogonal Sector Slots," Romanian Journal of
Infor. Science & Tech, vol. 14, No.2, 123-130, March
When both the diodes are OFF the values of the antenna are 2011.
R1=85kOhm; L1=0.1nH; C1=100pF; R2=85kOhm; L2=0.1nH; 5. RitikaTandon&Tejbir Singh," Varactor diode Loaded
C2=100pF the figure-5 shows the return loss -15.5134dB, Reconfigurable Patch Antenna with Adjustable
VSWR as 2.9396, Gain of the antenna 3.1475dBi, Directivity Slots," IJCA(0975-8887), vol 128, No.14, October
6.3420dBi at radiation frequency 8.7143GHz. 2015.
6. Zi Dong Liu & Peter S. Hall," Dual-Frequency Planar
3. CONCLUSIONS Inverted-F Antenna," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and
Prop., vol. 45, No. 10, Oct 1997.
The behavior of the diode towards elliptical patch are
studied for varied conditions of diode switching detecting
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1654
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
BIOGRAPHIES
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1655