Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
present simple :
.
Jason lives in Scotland.
.
Ben rides his bike to school every day.
.
Babies cry a lot!
present simple :
in July/August/September, .
in the summer/winter, .
on Sunday(s)/Monday(s), .
at 5 oclock/at weekends/at noon/at midnight
once a week, twice a month, three times a year
every day/every evening/every Sunday, .
, :
How often do you go to the beach in the summer? Every day.
Present continuous
I am playing a computer game now. Dad is sitting on the sofa at the moment.
Is Grandma lying in bed now? Peter is running around a lot these days.
The little child isnt hiding behind a tree.
present continuous :
, .
Helen is working on the computer at the moment.
present continuous
present continuous:
now, at the moment, these days, today, this year
State verbs
state verbs
present continuous. :
like, love, hate, know, believe, dislike, notice, own, remember, see, seem, smell, think,
understand, want, wish, .
6 a) Do you learn English this year? .................... 3 Complete the sentences with
b) Are you learning English this year? .................... these state verbs in the correct
7 a) Whats that you read these days? ....................
tense.
b) Whats that youre reading these days? .................... smell think want know believe
8 a) Do the flowers smell beautiful? ....................
1 I .................................... the answer!
b) Are the flowers smelling beautiful? ....................
2 Mmm! That food .................................... good!
3 Very young children usually .................................... what we
tell them.
past simple :
.
I met Bill yesterday morning.
.
When Tom was a baby, he cried all the time.
past simple:
a week / a year / ten minutes / three weeks / two years / two days ago
last night/week/month/year/summer, .
yesterday / yesterday morning / yesterday afternoon / yesterday evening
on/last Monday/Tuesday, .
in April/May/1997, .
Used to
When I was younger, I used to eat pizza every week.
Did you use to like maths at school?
Kate didnt use to go to the beach in the summer.
.
When I was young, I used to have milk and cereal for breakfast.
(I dont have milk and cereal for breakfast anymore.)
.
Athens used to be a small city. (Its not a small city anymore.)
: used to
.
My dad used to live in America. (not My dad used to live in America last year.)
I used to like chips but I dont now. (not I used to like chips yesterday.)
used to:
When I was young(er)/small(er) / When I was a little boy/girl
When I went to my first school, / When I lived in ...
In the past, / A long time ago, / Five years ago,
Five years ago, I used to work very hard every day.
In the past, I didnt use to eat a lot of fruit.
Negative
Affirmative
Long form Short form
I was talking I was not talking I wasnt talking
You were talking You were not talking You werent talking
He was talking He was not talking He wasnt talking
She was talking She was not talking She wasnt talking
It was talking It was not talking It wasnt talking
We were talking We were not talking We werent talking
You were talking You were not talking You werent talking
They were talking They were not talking They werent talking
Question Answer
Yes, I was.
Was I talking? No, I wasnt.
Yes, you were.
Were you talking? No, you werent.
Yes, he was.
Was he talking? No, he wasnt.
Yes, she was.
Was she talking? No, she wasnt.
Yes, it was.
Was it talking? No, it wasnt.
Yes, we were.
Were we talking? No, we werent.
Yes, you were.
Were you talking? No, you werent.
Yes, they were.
Were they talking? No, they werent.
past continuous
.
We were watching television at eight oclock last night.
Tom was studying English at 5 o clock on Monday afternoon.
when while.
11
any
Have you got any notebooks?
There arent any books on the desk.
many
I havent got many pencils.
Are there many mistakes?
How many mistakes are there?
,
.
There are a lot of children in my class.
(uncountable) :
any
Have you got any milk?
There isnt any information in this book.
much
There isnt much milk in the fridge.
Have you got much money?
How much money have you got?
.
There isnt any ice cream in the fridge.
12
: food, sugar, chocolate, butter, salt, pepper, spaghetti, cheese, rice, bread, fruit .
: oil, water, milk, juice, .
: furniture, money, time, hair, weather, information
13
14
enough + noun
. .
Theres enough pizza for everyone.
15
-est. the.
tall the tallest
short the shortest
young the youngest
comparative superlative
-e, -e,
-r. -st.
nice nicer than nice the nicest
safe safer than safe the safest
-y, -y -y, -y
-ier. -iest.
lazy lazier than lazy the laziest
tasty tastier than tasty the tastiest
, ,
-er. -est.
hot hotter than hot the hottest
big bigger than big the biggest
more. the most.
interesting more interesting interesting the most interesting
difficult more difficult difficult the most difficult
.
.
good the best
good better than
bad the worst
bad worse than
the.
than.
He is the tallest boy in our class.
He is taller than me.
He is the tallest boy of all.
16
2 Africa is ............................................... Greece. (hot) 9 my homework, Franks homework, Sallys homework
3 I am ............................................... my friends. (generous) (difficult) .............................................................................................................
4 We are ............................................... we were last year. (happy) .....................................................................................................................................
5 What was ............................................... film you saw last year? 10 Paula, Peter, Patricia (late) ...................................................................
(bad) .....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
17
............................................................................................................................................
cheap expensive interesting ............................................................................................................................................
boring long short relaxing
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
Come and enjoy a skiing holiday in Grindenwald, ............................................................................................................................................
Switzerland! Stay in one of our great traditional
............................................................................................................................................
cottages. Winter fun for all the family!
............................................................................................................................................
Includes breakfast and skiing equipment
............................................................................................................................................
5 nights
Only 1200 per person!
The holiday in Switzerland is the most expensive of all. 2 My team is better that your team.
............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
18
-y,
-l,
-ily. -y.
happy happily careful carefully
easy easily beautiful beautifully
tidy tidily
.
. good well
early, late, fast, hard He plays football well.
(He is good at football.)
:
(not) as + adjective/adverb + as
My cat is as big as my dog!
He doesnt walk as quickly as me.
,
more than/the most less than/the least.
:
Maths is more Maths is the Tania drives more
difficult than history. most difficult subject. carefully than Tom.
History is less History is the least Tom drives less
difficult than maths. difficult subject. carefully than Tania.
19
4 bad .................................... 10 loud .................................... 6 Write sentences for you using the
5 hard .................................... 1 1 funny .................................... words in the boxes.
6 easy .................................... 12 early ....................................
exercise as ...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
20
,
.
I am going to see Marion tomorrow. (I intend to see her.)
.
Its going to rain. (I can see the black clouds.)
21
2 Gina is ............................................... coming to my party. 2 Are you going to have homework tonight?
3 Paul isnt going ............................................... be very happy ...............................................................................................................................
6 We ............................................... taking a maths test 5 Is your favourite team playing this weekend?
tomorrow. ...............................................................................................................................
2 Complete the text with these 5 Write is, isnt, are or arent.
verbs in the correct form.
1 Im excited because my uncle from America
watch stay go play listen come staying with us next week.
...............................................
2 Be careful you ............................................... going to break
I havent got school next week and Ive got big plans!
that glass!
On Monday, Im not (1) ............................................... anywhere Im
3 Theres a good film on television tonight so
going to (2) ............................................... television all day! On
we ............................................... going out.
Tuesday, Im (3) ............................................... football with my friends.
4 My favourite player ............................................... playing
They are all (4) ............................................... to my house after the
tomorrow so I wont watch the game.
game and were going to (5) ............................................... to some
5 Im very happy because we ............................................... going
music. Then Im going to (6) .............................................. with my
away this weekend. I dont want to leave.
cousin in the city until Saturday. Its going to be great!
4 your mum / tell / you / are / what / going / to b) What do you do this weekend? ..............
22
zero conditional
.
If I do my homework, my mum is happy.
(Every time I do my homework, my mum is happy.)
If we watch a DVD, we usually eat pizza.
(Most of the time, when we watch a DVD, we eat pizza.)
.
If I dont do my homework, my mum gets angry.
If I dont do my homework tonight, my mum will get angry.
will if.
If I do my homework ... (not If I will do my homework ...)
1 If I play / am playing tennis, I get / am getting 6 Chris will give / is giving you some money if you
tired. ask / will ask him.
2 Mum shouts / is shouting at me if I dont tidy / am 7 If Jessica gets / will get this job, she will be / is very
not tidying my room. happy.
3 If you do / will do that again, I get / will get angry. 8 If she goes / is going shopping, she spends / is
4 You see / will see John tonight if you go / will go to spending a lot of money.
the party. 9 Toms parents are buying / will buy him a car if he
5 If you dont / arent say sorry, I am not speaking / gets / will get into university.
wont speak to you. 10 We will go / go to the cinema if you finish / are
finishing your homework quickly.
23
24
Ill make some coffee for
you.
Ill call you later.
Im hungry. Ill make
something to eat.
I ................................................................................ you! 4 ( )
6 You see two cars going very fast. I think people are going to live longer in the future.
They ................................................................................ crash! ...............................................................................................................................
25
1 Fill in the gaps with one word. 2 play / music / lets / some
............................................................................................................................... !
1 you like to come to my house after school?
.........................
3 out / go / like / you / to / would
2 ......................... have a party on Saturday! ............................................................................................................................... ?
3 ......................... we get a DVD to watch tonight? 4 phone / him / you / dont / why
4 ......................... dont we send these photos to Nick? ............................................................................................................................... ?
5 ice cream / would / some / you / like
............................................................................................................................... ?
2 Circle the correct answer.
1 Do / Would you like something to drink? 4 Match the suggestions/invitations/
2 Shall we go / going to see Michael? offers to the correct answers.
3 Shall I get / to get you something to drink?
4 Why arent you staying / dont you stay at home 1 Would you like to come to my party on Saturday?
tonight and study? 2 Lets go on holiday together next summer!
5 Would you like come / to come to dinner? 3 Why dont I phone Rob and see if he wants to play
6 Shall / Would you like to sit on the balcony? football with us?
7 Why we dont / Why dont we play a game? 4 Why dont you come to my house and we can do
8 Why dont you/ Would you like something to eat? our homework together?
5 Shall I help you carry those books?
a) Good idea. Here, you can use my mobile.
3 Put the offers or suggestions in the b) No, thanks. I can do it. Theyre not heavy.
correct order. c) Yes, Id like that. What time does it start?
d) Id love to, but I did mine earlier.
1 we / shopping / shall / go e) Great idea! Where shall we go?
............................................................................................................................... ?
26
have to must,
mustnt.
You have to do your homework.
dont have to .
You dont have to do this now you can do it tomorrow.
have to must .
Do we have to do this now?
Yes, you do. / No, you dont.
27
might, not.
could should may. I might/may not go tonight.
Might it rain later? You shouldnt say things like that.
Could this be the right answer?
Should I tell him or will you do it? ! couldnt
.
couldnt go to the party last night.
1 Give advice with should / shouldnt 3 We could / should buy a hot dog if you want.
4 You might have / having an accident if you arent careful.
and these verbs. 5 We may go / to go to an island this summer.
eat watch play buy spend 6 I could / might not stay for dinner tonight.
1 (Paul hasnt got any money)
You ................................................................ all your pocket 4 Complete the dialogues using
money.
2 (Sasha wants something to love.)
ideas of your own.
You ................................................................ a pet. 1 What are you going to do when youre older?
3 (Jen is bored.) I might ................................................................................................................
You ................................................................ table tennis. ..................................................................................................................................
4 (Bob isnt feeling very well.) 2 Have you got any plans for the weekend?
You ................................................................ out. Im not sure. I may ....................................................................................
5 (Toms eyes are hurting.) ..................................................................................................................................
You ................................................................ TV all day. 3 What shall I do with all these old clothes?
You could ........................................................................................................
2 Circle the correct answer. ..................................................................................................................................
4 Theres no food in the house!
1 You should / may work harder if you want to do well. We could ..........................................................................................................
2 Anything should / could happen in the next hour. ..................................................................................................................................
28
1 Circle the correct answer. 3 Tick the boxes and write sentences
about you.
1 Matthew is fourteen but he can drive / driving a car.
2 Mum, can I go / to go bowling tonight? I can/cant/could/couldnt ... now a year ago
3 Will you can / be able to leave early tonight?
4 I can / could speak English now, but I cant / ride a bike P
couldnt when I was seven. stay up late
5 You can / could only go out tonight if you do your play computer games
homework first.
speak English
cook tasty meals
2 Put the words in the correct order.
use the Internet
1 we / some money / have / can
............................................................................................................................... ? I........................................................................................................................................
can ride a bike now but I couldnt ride a bike a year ago.
2 this / help / box / you / could / me / with ........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... ? ........................................................................................................................................
3 cant / you / use / phone / my ........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................
4 wasnt / understand / able / I / to / her ........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................
29
Affirmative Negative
Question Answer
Long form Short Long form Short form
form
Ive I have not I havent Have I Yes, I have.
I have finished finished finished finished finished ... ? No, I havent.
You have Youve You have not You havent Have you Yes, you have.
finished finished finished finished finished ... ? No, you havent.
He has Hes He has not He hasnt Has he Yes, he has.
finished finished finished finished finished ... ? No, he hasnt.
She has Shes She has not She hasnt Has she Yes, she has.
finished finished finished finished finished ... ? No, she hasnt.
Its It has not It hasnt Has it Yes, it has.
It has finished finished finished finished finished ... ? No, it hasnt.
We have Weve We have not We havent Have we Yes, we have.
finished finished finished finished finished ... ? No, we havent.
You have Youve You have not You havent Have you Yes, you have.
finished finished finished finished finished ...? No, you havent.
They have Theyve They have They havent Have they Yes, they have.
finished finished not finished finished finished ... ? No, they havent.
present perfect
.
I have been to France so now I want to visit a different country.
We have lived here since I was two.
past participle -ed (
simple past).
walk, walked, walked start, started, started climb, climbed, climbed
past participle .
eat, ate, eaten go, went, gone
become, became, become drink, drank, drunk
30
1 Write the past participle of these 3 Put the words in the correct order.
verbs. 1 to / have / I / China / been
...............................................................................................................................
start ...................................................... play ........................................................
want ..................................................... talk ......................................................... 2 bought / Kim / any books / hasnt
...............................................................................................................................
cover ................................................... climb .....................................................
look ...................................................... call ......................................................... 3 all the food / eaten / have / you
...............................................................................................................................
brush .................................................... stop .......................................................
wash ..................................................... walk ...................................................... 4 gone / Dad / has / work / to
...............................................................................................................................
finish .................................................... tidy ........................................................
like ......................................................... 5 had / we / this week / a / havent / test
...............................................................................................................................
6 nearly / the / finished / film / has
?
2 Tick the correct questions. ...............................................................................................................................
7 have / a lot / played / they / tennis
Then write short answers. ...............................................................................................................................
8 havent / you / your / finished / drink
1 a) Have you done your homework? ....................
...............................................................................................................................
b) Have done you your homework? ....................
Yes, .....................................................................................
2 a) Have you seen Maggie today? ....................
b) You have seen Maggie today? ....................
4 Complete with the present perfect
No, ..................................................................................... form of the verbs in brackets.
3 a) Have you gone to Paris? ....................
Its my birthday today and I (1) ..............................
b) Have you been to Paris? ....................
just .............................. (speak) to my brother. He says he
Yes, .....................................................................................
(2) .............................. (buy) me a great birthday present! He
4 a) Has Ian given you the money? ....................
says he (3) .............................. (hide) it in a very strange place
b) Has Ian gave you the money? ....................
and that he (4) .............................. (write) a very long note!
No, .....................................................................................
He says I should look for something shiny because he
5 a) Have they their room tidied today? ....................
(5) .............................. (put) it in a silver bag. I cant wait to find
b) Have they tidied their room today? ....................
this mystery present!
Yes, .....................................................................................
31
32
33
34
35
.
If I lived in Scotland, I would be cold! (I probably wont live in Scotland.)
If we won a million Euros, we would be very happy!
(We probably wont win a million euros.)
If I could fly, it would be great! (Its not possible for me to fly.)
if .
.
, .
, .
If I lived in Scotland, I would be cold!
I would be cold if I lived in Scotland!
.
If I didnt like her, I wouldnt be friends with her. (But I do like her.)
If I didnt have any money, I wouldnt be able to go to the cinema. (But I do have some money.)
If I were If I was .
If I were stronger, I could lift him up. (not If I was stronger ...)
1 Put would in the correct place. 8 If he asked for my opinion, I tell him exactly what I think.
9 If Kate knew about this, she be very angry.
1 If she helped me, I finish this in ten minutes! 10 If the weather was nice, we go to the beach.
2 If we could travel to the moon, you go? 11 What you do if you ran into Brad Pitt?
3 If they studied harder, they pass their exams. 12 If I were you I tell her the truth.
4 What you do if your favourite actor walked into the 13 I call him if I had his number.
room? 14 Mum make us a chocolate cake if she had enough flour.
5 I think I be much happier if I didnt live in a big city. 15 If Kate could afford it she go to Cuba for her
6 It be horrible if we had lessons all weekend! summer holiday.
7 I go crazy if I had to work at the weekend. 16 Paula buy this dress if it wasnt so expensive.
36
5 Would you buying / buy me a new stereo if you 2 a) Id go to her house
were / are rich? if she invited me. ....................
6 The world would / will be a better place if people b) Id go to her house
would be / were nicer. if she would invite me. ....................
7 If James lived / would live in Germany, he would / 3 a) She had do better
will be very happy. if she tried harder. ....................
8 How will / would you feel if he will tell /told you a b) She would do better
lie? if she tried harder. ....................
9 If Tina asked / asks me to go to the cinema, I 4 a) If I won the money,
wouldnt / dont go. Id give you some. ....................
10 If you knew / know the truth, b) If I win the money,
you wouldnt / wont say that. Id give you some. ....................
1 If I could see what was going to happen in the future, 8 a) If knew the problem, I will solve it. ....................
it (1) ...................................................... great. For example, if I (2) b) If knew the problem, Id solve it. ....................
I was going to be a doctor or
...................................................... 9 a) If he applied, he will get the job. ....................
an actor, I wouldnt need to go to some of my lessons! b) If he applied, he would get the job. ....................
37
6 Complete the sentences for you. 4 I dont know this man so I cant introduce you to him
...............................................................................................................................
Use would, could or might. ...............................................................................................................................
5 Im sick so I cant go to the cinema.
1 If I were really good at English, I ....................................................
...............................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
2 If we had no school for a week, I ...................................................
6 Jasons stomach hurts so he doesnt want anything to
.....................................................................................................................................
eat.
3 If I only had enough money for one CD, I ..............................
...............................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
4 If I lost all my money, I ............................................................................
7 Jane isnt old enough so her mother doesnt let her
.....................................................................................................................................
wear make-up.
5 If I visited the USA, I ................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
6 If I lived to be 100, I ...................................................................................
8 I always wake up early so that I have time to have a
.....................................................................................................................................
big breakfast.
7 If I went to a different school, I ......................................................
...............................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
38
: :
if + present
simple, will +
first conditional infinitive
(conditional 1)
If the weather is nice tomorrow,
well go out somewhere.
if + past
simple, would +
second conditional
infinitive
(conditional 2)
If I were the king of the world, I would change a lot
of things.
1 If I could / can, I would get a dog. 1 If I could, a where will you stay?
2 If I dont / didnt do my homework, my teacher will 2 Ill come and see b if you ask her.
get angry. you tomorrow c if you tried a bit
3 If you break that, I will / would make you pay for it! 3 If you go to London, harder.
4 What would you do if you see / saw an accident? 4 You would pass all d if I had 1000 euros.
Would you help? your exams e I would buy a new
5 If you dont / wont try, youll never pass the test. 5 I would get a new mobile phone.
6 If I know / knew his phone number, I would ring him computer f if I can.
now. 6 She will help you
7 Youll have a nice surprise if you look / looked out of
your window now.
8 Would you like it if we have / had English every day?
3 Put the verbs in brackets into the
9 Youll find my house easily if you follow / followed correct tense.
my directions.
10 If it rains / rained, well have the party in the house. 1 If I .......................................... (be) you, I wouldnt go out at
11 Ian will / would be late tonight if he has a lot of this time of night.
work. 2 If I see Jim, I .......................................... (tell) him the news.
12 Kate will / would make us some sandwiches if youre 3 I .......................................... (take) some aspirin if I had a
hungry. headache.
13 What would I do if I dont / didnt have you as a 4 If we .......................................... (live) closer by, we would get
friend? together more often.
14 If you found / find a baby on your doorstep, what 5 Mike will come to the party if he ..........................................
would you do? (finish) work early.
15 If you switch / switched on the air conditioner, you
wouldnt feel so hot.
39
40
.
,
.
Mobile phones are stolen every day. (We dont know who steals them.)
These cars are made in Germany. (It is clear that the car manufacturer makes them.)
, by ().
by .
Tests are marked by the head teacher.
1 2 3 4
Active:
He waters the plants every day.
3 2 1 4
Passive:
The plants are watered by him every day.
! somebody,
people they, .
They sell olive oil in these shops.
Olive oil is sold in these shops. (not by them.)
People use computers a lot nowadays.
Computers are used a lot nowadays. (not by people.)
give, , , ( ),
. :
1 2 3 4
Active:
His parents give him money.
3 2 4 1
Passive:
He is given money by his parents.
not. .
Im not allowed to stay out after 10 pm.
French isnt taught at our school.
These cars arent made in Greece.
41
42
43
1 2 3
Active:
The children broke the window.
3 2 1
Passive:
The window was broken by the children.
give, , ,
( ), .
:
1 2 3 4
Active:
His teacher gave him a good mark.
3 2 4 1
Passive:
He was given a good mark by his teacher.
(Was, Were) .
.
Was he invited to the wedding? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt.
Were all the children given presents? Yes, they were. / No, they werent.
, ,
:
1 2 3 4
Active:
The window was broken by ...?...
4 2-1 3
Passive:
Who was the window broken by?
44
45
who , which
that .
1 Cross out the incorrect word. 3 (dogs / animals / people keep as pets)
...............................................................................................................................
1 A good friend is someone who / which / that you 4 (magician / someone / performs tricks)
...............................................................................................................................
can always talk to.
2 A plastic bag is a thing who / which / that we use to 5 (mechanic / someone / repairs cars)
...............................................................................................................................
carry our shopping in.
3 Dogs are animals who / which / that give a lot of
love.
4 I dont like people who / which / that dont tell the 3 Complete the sentences for you.
truth.
5 These are exercises who / which / that test your 1 I love people ....................................................................................................
grammar. .....................................................................................................................................
6 Is that the boy who / which / that stole your bike? .....................................................................................................................................
7 An MP3 player is something who / which / that 2 I dont like people ......................................................................................
plays music. .....................................................................................................................................
8 Mr Davis is the teacher who / which / that teaches .....................................................................................................................................
us Biology. 3 I like television programmes .............................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
46
ISBN 978-960-447-254-3