ISSN XXXX XXXX 2017 IJESC

Research Article Volume 7 Issue No.4

Planning, Design and Estimation of a Check Dam

B.H. Ramathilagam1 , S. Murugesan 2 , M. Manikandan 3 , A. Arumugaraja 4 ,
Assistant professor1 , U. G. student2, 3, 4
Depart ment of Civ il
Sethu institute of technology, Virudhunagar, India

Abstract
To overcome these issues on a global scale, water erosion is the most severe type of soil erosion. It occurs mostly in the form of
running water. This study was to develop informat ion fro m dam which check dam can be adopted for the purpose of ground
water recharge. Dams are constructions built across a river or a stream and used to interrupt and store water for special purp ose.
Check dams are comparatively smaller and more temporary to other types of dams for the purpose of ground water recharge. The
Study consisted of a site selection phase, a surveying phase, an planning phase, an design phase and estimation analysis. .This
Part icular scheme lies in h ighly favourab le zone for recharge as classified in the zonation map for Ground water recharge. By
imp lementing this scheme, with in the zone of influence of about 1 km rad ius from the check dam site will be benefitted by way
of percolation. Increase the Ground water level and increase the revenue through the ayacut . Totally 185.02.0 Ha Ayacut is
benefitted through Seventy Eight No s of wells. Moreover, all the wells (both domestic and agricultural wells) within the zone
of influence will be recharged. The length of the check dam is 106m. The design and Estimat ion of the structure is done using
the software Ms-Excel. The total estimation amount of the project is Rs.248.57461 Lakhs.

Keywords : Ground Water-Recharge, Water Erosion Control, Check Dams, Flow Velocity.

I. INTRO DUCTION consider for selecting a site the water demand and ground
water is necessity for cultivate crops and increase revenue and
A d am is a barrier that impounds water or underground
standard of living afterwards opinion from public and
streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods
grievance should be noted. leveling should be done in the
but also provide water for activit ies such as irrigation, human
proposed site with the use of surveying instrument like auto -
consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability.
level, tripod, tape, plump bob, thread. Surveying work of
Hydropower is often us ed in conjunction with dams to
leveling is carried out fro m upstream to downstream of the
generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water
river up to 50 M fro m the site then reduced level of each
or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed
points should be calculated from height of collimation method.
between locations.
Site should be cleared from vegetable, leaves, un bushy level
Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retain ing
after foundation should be erected at where the soil is week
water, wh ile other structures such as floodgates or leaves are
depth up to 3m to 5 m .
used to manage or prevent water flow in to specific land
regions.
There are several types of check dams; each type of dam is
constructed with different conditions. In general, some
essential considerations of check dams need to be considered.
First, the site of each check dam must be carefully inspected
to assess dam settling. The slope of waterway should be no
more than 50% and the depth to bedrock should be over 2
feet (Depart ment of Environ mental Quality, 2005). Second,
check dams materials will vary depending on conditions and
locations. Logs and rock are usually utilized in permanent or
semi-permanent check dams for their stability, and sandbag is
for short term purpose (Mississippi Department of
Environmental Quality, 2011)
This type of dam project can be widely utilized in small open
channels and drainage ways, including temporary and
permanent swales. Check dams flattens the gradient of Figure 1
channels and blocks streams from fluently flowing. As a
consequence, not only the velocity of flow is mit igated, but I. Plan of check dam
also the path can be distributed toward vegetation . On another The planning of check dam done should be in two views
hand, check dams also trap sediments from streams which A) Half plan at top & half plan at foundation. b) cross -section
helps to reduce water erosion. of check dam

II. S ITE S URVEYING A. Half pl an at top & half pl an at foundati on

Before starting surveying work to select the area where Half p lan fro m top view and half plan at foundation are
the check dam is constructed and some procedures should be shown in fig 2. Fro m top view plan shows apron & of both U/S

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, April 2017 6464 http://ijesc.org/
side and D/S side. fro m left to right half top plan shows figure total discharge through scour vents and over weir
2. U/S Return wall then us bed level +328.280 to crest = 17565.088cusecs
+329.480 and stilling basin is 6.40m wide afterwards cement Design discharge for the anicut = 17497 cusecs
concrete blocks in right side portion ends is apron in D/S bed
level+328.280 and 8.00m wide. D. Stability calcul ati on
The stability of body wall of the anicut was checked for the
following conditions:

1 Reservoir empty without eq

2. Reservoir at MWL,with tail water with uplift
3.Reservoir at FRL, no tail water with uplift
4.Upstream side fu lly silted up to crest, No silt/water at D/s
side WT @Crest

Figure:2 Half plan at top & half plan at foundation

B. Cross-section of check dam

Cross-section of check dam shows abutments, d/s wing at
start ,u/s wing & return, d/s wing at end, d/s wing at basin.
cement concrete 1:3:6 using 40mm aggregate m15 graded
aggregate with surface reinforcement details are shown in
figure 3
1. Maximu m stress= SV/b*(1+6e/b) = 3.5442T/ m2
Minimu m stress = SV/b*(1+6e/b) = 1.0501T/ m2
2. Maximu m stress= SV/b*(1+6e/b )=3.5442T/ m2
Minimu m stress = SV/b*(1+6e/b) =1.0501T/ m2

3. Maximu m stress= SV/b*(1+6e/b) =3.5442T/ m2

Minimu m stress = SV/b*(1+6e/b) =1.0501T/ m2

4.Maximu m stress= SV/b*(1+6e/b) =3.5442T/ m2

Minimu m stress = SV/b*(1+6e/b) =1.0501T/ m2

E. Surface flow

Regime width = 4.83 sqrt (494.691) =107.5m

Looseness factor = Existing overall length /Regime width

= 107.5 M

Scour depth = 3.6 M

Stilling basin level = 327.780 m
Figure 3 CROSS-SECTION
Total horizontal floor leng th:
II. DES IGN
Length of u/s floor = 3.00m
A. Design the check dam structure
The check dam structure design in limit state method. Width of the body wall = 2.50m
Design should be followed by the rules of indian standard IS
6966-1973. D/s floor length = 6.80m

B. Rear water calculati on Total floor length required =12.30 m

To find out the discharge in the rear water calcu lation by
provi ding stilling basin length = 6.40m
applying mannings formu la (i) area (A)=183.478m2 (ii) wetted
perimeter (p) =107.054 m (iii)d ischarge=17497 cusecs. Hence total floor length = 12.30m
C. Front maxi mum water level F. Downstream protection work
The front maximu m water level determines discharge the Length of downstream protection block = 1.5 D
amount of water fro m anicut and back water length calculation =5.7 m
: P/ HO
0.65 < 1.33 (velocity of approach should be taken) total Hence provide 4 rows of CC b lock of size 1.5x1.5x0.9 m t k
discharge over the weir = 497.38m3 /sec of pitching (Is 6966-1973) = 850mm
% of discharging passing = 100.39%

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, April 2017 6465 http://ijesc.org/
slope of =2.00:1

Length of launching =8.560 m

qty of stone reqd for tk = 0.85x 8.56 = 7.276 m3

Inner tk reqd = 7.276/8 = 0.9095m

Quantity of pitching provided = 10.4 m3

Quantity of pitching required = 9.416 m3

G. Ups tream wing wall &returns

Maximu m stress = P/A(1+6e/b) =161.724 KN/ m2
pa=1/2*w*h2*ca =130.815 KN
Minimu m stress =P/A (1-6e/b) =5.145 KN/ m2
earth pressure: Vert ical co mponent =94.163 KN
J. Design of downstream wing wall at end portion
Horizontal co mponent =90.806 KN
pa=1/2*w*h2*ca =130.815 KN

Earth pressure: Vertical co mponent = 70.189 KN/ m2

Horizontal co mponent = 67.805 KN/ m2

Maximu m stress = P/A(1+6e/b) =184.963 KN/ m2

Minimu m stress =P/A (1-6e/b) =3.728 KN/ m2

H . Design of downstream wing wall at start

Maximu m.stress = P/A(1+6e/b) =73.277 KN/ m2
pa=1/2*w*h2*ca =130.815 KN
Minimu m stress =P/A (1-6e/b) =73.277KN/ m2
2
earth pressure: Vert ical co mponent = 187.148 KN/M
K. Design of downstream wi ng wall at return portion
Horizontal co mponent =90.806 KN/M 2
pa=1/2*w*h2*ca =130.815 KN

earth pressure: Vert ical co mponent t= 70.189 KN/M

Horizontal co mponent=67.805 KN/ m2

Maximu m stress = P/A(1+6e/b) =187.148 KN/ m2

Minimu m stress =P/A (1-6e/b) =2.468 KN/ m2

I. Design of downstream wi ng wall at basin portion Maximu m.stress = P/A(1+6e/b) =139.242 KN/ m2
Minimu m stress =P/A (1-6e/b) =7.309 KN/ m2
pa=1/2*w*h2*ca =130.815 KN
III.ES TIMATION
Earth pressure: Vertical co mponent = 91.676 KN/ m2 The estimation of the total appro ximate cost of the project is
calculated by the detailed estimated method are as in the below
Horizontal co mponent t =88.562 KN/ m2 tabulation.

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, April 2017 6466 http://ijesc.org/
 SI.NO Qty Descripti on of work Rate Per Amount
1 L.S Clearing the site L.S 50000
2 560 m3 Earth work excavation for 123.50 m3 69160
foundation
3 3640 m3 Earth work excavation in all 55.60 m3 202384
soils except med iu m rock
4 4200 m3 Extra for every additional 6.90 m3 28980
lead of 10m
5 4200 m3 Extra for every additional 5.50 m3 23100
lift of 1m
6 C.C 1:4:8 using 40 mm Hard bro ken stone jelly
A) 100 m3 Up to 1.50 m depth below 3716.96 m3 371696
G.L
7 C.C 1:3:6 using 40 mm hard bro ken stone jelly
a) 1580 m3 Upto 1.50 m 4.50 m depth 4084.16 m3 6452970
below G.L
8 Cement concrete 1:2:4 using 20mm metal
a) 266 m3 Up to 1.5 m depth below 5179.46 m3 1377736
G.L
b) 266 m3 Fro m 1.5 m depth -4.5 m 5238.06 m3 471425
below G.L
9 Cement concrete 1:2:4 (Graded mix ) 60% of 40mm & 40% of 20mm
a) 1580 m3 Upto 1.5 m depth below G.L 4991.00 m3 7885777
b) 266 m3 Upto 1.00m height above 4991.00 m3 1327605
G.L
c) 49 m3 Fro m 1.00m height -4..5m 5050.40 m3 247470
height above G.L
10 175 m3 Cement concrete 1:1, 5:3 5913.86 m3 1034925
using 20 mm metal with
minimu m Reinforcement
11 3900 m3 Supplying and erecting
centering for soffits steel 537.00 M2 2094300
sheets of size 90 x60 cm and
10 BG stiffened
12 70 Qt l Steel fabricating 5702.50 Qtl 399175
13 140 m3 Forming sand filter of 1614.32 m3 226005
course sand and fine sand
14 280 m3 Graded filter using broken 1302.45 m3 364686
stone 10 to 80mm
15 70 m3 Gravel filling for p rotection 1077.11 m3 75398
blocks
16 30 m3 Rough stone dry packing for 1231.72 m3 36951
revetment
17 1110 m3 Jeddy stone dry packing for 1269.12 m3 1408718
launching apron
18 L.S Provision for expansion L.S L.S 300000
joints on every 20m interval
19 L.S Provision for bailing out of L.S L.S 250000
water fixing hydrology
board, gaugeplates.marking
stones etc.
20 L.S Provision for bank L.S L.S 159000
connection
Total 24857461

IV. CO NCLUSION In this study consist of Surveying, Planning,

Designing and Estimation.
Fro m this study, by observing the results the following The Surveying work carried with the instrument of
conclusions were made the purpose of the project is increase Auto-Level.
the Ground Water recharge through the increase a yield o f The designing and estimat ion work are done in Ms -
Crops. excel software.
The site of check dam is surveyed in the area of All the Results of design and estimated are found to
Kadamalaikundu village of Andipatti thaluk in Theni be safe
District. The IS code of 6966 1973 Design is fo llo wed

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, April 2017 6467 http://ijesc.org/
 This method of design is considered to be better than
the other methods available for design particularly for
check dams
Fro m the design result it has been concluded that this
design can be adopted for any check dams.
The estimated cost of the check dam is found to be
Total Rs.248.57461 Lakhs.
This amount imp lies the material cost, labour cost and
all other miscellaneous charges.

REFERENCE

[1] Hang xi Fan The Function of check dams and the effect of
Check Dams on Water Erosion department of resource
analysis, saint Marrys university of Minnesota, winona,
MN55987.

[2] IS 6966 1973 criteria for structural design of barriages

and weirs.

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, April 2017 6468 http://ijesc.org/