AWWA Manuals of Water

Supply Practices
In the day-to-day operation, maintenance, and management
of water supply systems, operators and managers alike
depend on fast access to basic principles and
recommended practices offered by AWWA Manuals
of Water Supply Practices .

Consensus approval
Every AWWA manual is a consensus document that is
written and approved by experts in municipal water
supply. That means you can be assured that each
manual provides best practices for your use.

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20 AWWA Bookstore Catalog

 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S
No. Title Member Nonmember
UTILITY MANAGEMENT
30001 M1 Principles of Water Rates, Fees, and Charges $86 $129
30003 M3 Safety Practices for Water Utilities $69 $104
30005 M5 Water Utility Management $69 $104
30019 M19 Emergency Planning for Water Utilities $69 $104
30021 M21 Groundwater $75 $113
30029 M29 Fundamentals of Water Utility Capital Financing $64 $ 96
30047 M47 Construction Contract Administration $69 $104
30050 M50 Water Resources Planning $86 $129
30052 M52 Water Conservation ProgramsA Planning Manual $69 $104
30054 M54 Developing Rates for Small Systems $47 $ 71

WATER QUALITY AND TREATMENT

30002 M2 Instrumentation & Control $75 $113
30004 M4 Water Fluoridation Principles and Practices $64 $ 96
30007 M7 Problem Organisms in Water: Identification and Treatment $75 $113
30012 M12 Simplified Procedures for Water Examination $75 $113
30020 M20 Water Chlorination/Chloramination Practices and Principles $69 $104
30030 M30 Precoat Filtration $47 $ 71
30037 M37 Operational Control of Coagulation and Filtration Processes $64 $ 96
30038 M38 Electrodialysis and Electrodialysis Reversal $57 $ 86
30046 M46 Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration $86 $129
30048 M48 Waterborne Pathogens $86 $129
30053 M53 Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Membranes for Drinking Water $86 $129
30056 M56 Fundamentals and Control of Nitrification in Chloraminated Drinking Water Distribution Systems $86 $129

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
30006 M6 Water MetersSelection, Installation, Testing, and Maintenance $64 $ 96
30009 M9 Concrete Pressure Pipe $75 $113
30011 M11 Stee PipeA Guide for Design and Installation $75 $113
30014 M14 Recommended Practice for Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control $69 $104
30017 M17 Installation, Field Testing, and Maintenance of Fire Hydrants $69 $104
30022 M22 Sizing Water Service Lines and Meters $64 $ 96
30023 M23 PVC PipeDesign and Installation $75 $113
NEW 30024 M24 Planning for the Distribution of Reclaimed Water $64 $96
30025 M25 Flexible-Membrane Covers and Linings for Potable-Water Reservoirs $47 $ 71
30027 M27 External Corrosion: Introduction to Chemistry and Control $57 $ 86
30028 M28 Rehabilitation of Water Mains $57 $ 86
30031 M31 Distribution System Requirements for Fire Protection $57 $ 86
30032 M32 Computer Modeling of Water Distribution Systems $69 $104
30033 M33 Flowmeters in Water Supply $57 $ 86
30036 M36 Water Audits and Loss Control Programs $75 $113
NEW
30041 M41 Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings $75 $113
30042 M42 Steel Water-Storage Tanks $75 $113
30044 M44 Distribution Valves: Selection, Installation, Field Testing, and Maintenance $57 $ 86
30045 M45 Fiberglass Pipe Design $75 $113
30049 M49 Butterfly Valves: Torque, Head Loss, and Cavitation Analysis $57 $ 86
30051 M51 Air-Release, Air/Vacuum & Combination Air Valves $47 $ 71
30055 M55 PE PipeDesign and Installation $69 $104

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 21
A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Principles of Water Rates, Fees, and Charges (M1)

Fifth Edition
Here is all the water-rate information you need in one convenient manual. Specifically devel-
oped for water utilities, all the issues associated with developing water rates, special fees, and
other types of charges for your customer classes are clearly explained. The manual describes
the advantages and disadvantages of various rate structures and provides guidance in deter-
mining water rates and charges that are most relevant to your particular utility and community.
Contents
1. General Concepts 20. Standby Rates
2. Revenues 21. Alternative Rates
3. Operation and Maintenance Expenses 22. Demand-Side Management
4. Taxes 23. Price Elasticity
5. Capital-Related Costs 24. Value-of-Service Pricing
6. Examples of Revenue Requirements 25. Drought Pricing
7. Allocating Costs of Service to Components 26. Rate Surcharges
8. Distribution of Costs to Customer Classes 27. Indexed Rates
9. Selecting Rate Structures 28. Connection and Customer Facility Fees
10. Uniform Rates 29. P olicies and Procedures for Water
11. Declining Block Rates Service Extension
12. Increasing Block Rates 30. System Development Charges
13. Seasonal Rates 31. Dedicated Capacity Charges
14. Fixed Versus Variable Charges 32. Rates for Fire Protection Service
15. Marginal Cost Pricing 33. Wholesale Rates
16. Customer-Specific Charges 34. Miscellaneous and Special Charges
17. Low-Income Affordability Rates 35. Public Involvement Definition
18. Negotiated Contract Rates 36. Legal Considerations
19. Economic Development Rates 37. Data Requirements

Published by AWWA, 2000, softbound, 341 pp. ISBN 1583210695

No. 30001 l Nonmember $129 l Member Price $86

Instrumentation & Control (M2)

Third Edition
Understand the basic principles of automation, instrumentation, and electric power distribution
Instrumentati
of municipal water treatment, distribution, and storage systems. The manual explains how to
examine an item of equipment and understand what it does, how it works, and the functions & Control on
of its associated devices. Chapters cover hydraulic and electrical principles, motor controls,
measurement instruments, visual displays, pumps, valves, and digital controls.

M2
Manual of
Water Supp
Contents ly practic
eS

1. Introduction 7. Telemetry
2. Hydraulics and Electricity 8. Final Control Elements
3. Motor Controls 9. Basics of Automatic Process Control
4. Flowmeters 10. Digital Control and Communications
AWWA is the

Systems
authoritative

5. P ressure, Level, Temperature, and Other

supply of water resource for
in knowle
the world. AWWA North America and beyon dge, information and
the entire water advances public health
d. AWWA is
, safety and
the largest
advocacy to
organization
improve the
quality and
Third Edition
greatest good community. welfar of water profes
Through our
of the people collective streng e by uniting the efforts sional
and the enviro th we becom of the full spectr s in
nment. e better stewa um of

Process Measurements 11. Instrument Diagrams

rds of water
for the

2P-1E-POD-
30002-04/
08-LS
Advocacy

6. Secondary Instrumentation
Communicat
ions
Conference
s
Education and
Training
Science and
Technology
Sections
The Authoritativ
e Resource
on Safe Water

Published by AWWA, 2001, softbound, 225 pp. ISBN 158321125X

No. 30002 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

22 AWWA Bookstore Catalog

 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Safety Practices for Water Utilities (M3)

Sixth Edition
This essential manual addresses safety issues for each of the main safety areas
encountered in water utilities: hazardous materials, vehicles, hazardous energy,
confined spaces, tools, facilities, personal protective equipment, construction
sites, and respiratory equipment. Includes sample safety forms and safety signs.
Contents
1. Safety Management Programs
2. Hazardous Materials and Worker Right-to-Know
3. Confined Space and Hazardous Energy
4. Personal Protective and Respiratory Equipment
5. Vehicles and Tools
6. Construction Sites and Work Techniques
7. Facilities and Maintenance
Sample Accident Report
Sample Hazard Communication Program
Material Safety Data Sheet
Confined-Space Entry Permit
Published by AWWA, 2002, softbound, 151 pp. ISBN 158321190X
No. 30003 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

Water Fluoridation Principles and Practices (M4)

Fifth Edition
Fluoridation treatment of drinking water is the addition or removal of This practice manual provides all the information needed for
fluoride to maintain an optimum level to reduce tooth decay. Since designing, installing, testing, and operating fluoridation systems
fluoridation treatment became common practice in the US over 50 in drinking water treatment plants.
years ago, tooth decay has been reduced 40 to 65 percent.
Contents
1. History, Theory, and Chemicals 3. Design, Equipment, and Installation
Fluoridation History Design
Bone and Tooth Feeders
Incorporation of Fluoride Auxiliary Equipment
Tooth Decay 4. Operation and Maintenance
Health Effects Control Scheme
Legal Issues Troubleshooting
Chemicals Records
2. Fluoridation and System Planning Maintenance
General System Configurations Safety
Chemical Selection Guidelines 5. Defluoridation
Preliminary Calculations Activated Alumina (AA)
Feed Rate and Dosage Calculations Treatment Process
Example Feed Rate Calculations Reverse Osmosis
Example Calculated Dosage Problems Treatment
S implification of Feed Rate and
Dosage Calculations
Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 89 pp. ISBN 1583213112
No. 30004 l Nonmember $96 l Member Price $64

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 23
A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Water Utility Management (M5)

Second Edition
This practical manual is ideal for new utility managers and managers of
small water systems. It covers all areas of water utility management: types
of utility governance, regulatory framework, stewardship/ethics, organizational
structure, financial management, customer service, communications,
operations and engineering, maintenance, environmental health and safety,
security and emergency planning, human resources, information systems,
and support services.
Contents
1. Managing the Utility 7. Security
2. E ffective Public 8. Crisis Communications
Communications 9. Human Resource
3. U tility Financial Management
Management 10. Information Systems and
4. Customer Service Services
5. O perations and 11. Legal Issues
Maintenance 12. G aining a Competitive
6. E nvironmental Health Edge
and Safety

Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 134 pp. ISBN 1583213112

No. 30005 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

Water MetersSelection, Installation, Testing,

and Maintenance (M6)
Fourth Edition
Operators will understand all aspects of water meters: types,
specification, installation, testing, maintenance, and repair. The
manual provides sample record-keeping forms, a history of water use
measurement, and the development of modern water meters and is
heavily illustrated with photos, diagrams, and performance specs.
Contents
1. History of Water Measurement and Development of Water Meters
2. Selecting Meter Types
3. E ffects of Water-Flow Friction, Increased Usage, and Pressure Losses
on Service Adequacy
4. Meter Installation
5. Meter Test Procedures and Equipment
6. Maintenance and Repair of Displacement Meters
7. Maintenance Shop Layout and Equipment
8. Meter Records
9. Remote Registration
Published by AWWA, 1999, softbound, 121 pp. ISBN 1583210172
No. 30006 l Nonmember $96 l Member Price $64

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 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Problem Organisms in Water: Identification and Treatment (M7)

Third Edition
Nearly 90% of all water utilities must deal with algae, mussels, or other nuisance
organisms. Take control with this essential AWWA manual. Youll find basic information
and valuable resources to help troubleshoot and resolve problems caused by these
organisms. Each section opens with a brief description of an organism, the problems
the organism can cause, control strategies, and relevant references.
Contents
1. Actinomycetes 11. Protozoa
2. Iron Bacteria A WWA Survey on Nuisance
3. Sulfur Bacteria Organisms
4. Nitrifying Bacteria T roubleshooting Guide for Problem
5. Nematodes Organisms
6. Bloodworms or Midges S  uggestions for Optimizing

7. Crustacea Conventional Water Treatment

A ctinomycete Culture Agars
8. Rotifers
Iron Bacteria Presence/Absence
9. Zebra Mussels
and Quantity Methods
10. Algae
Color Section

Published by AWWA, 2003, softbound, 145 pp. ISBN 1583212922

No. 30007 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

New Edition!
Concrete Pressure Pipe (M9)
Third Edition
Designed for engineers, designers, contractors, and utility operators, this comprehen-
sive operations manual explains the design, selection, specification, installation, and
testing of concrete pressure pipe in potable water service. It covers all aspects of the
design and use of concrete water pipe: types, construction, engineering, hydraulics,
surge pressure, external loads, fitting and appurtenances, bedding, backfilling, pres-
sure testing, and more. Includes proper installation guidelines and safety practices for
transporting concrete pipe, numerous photographs, illustrations, charts, and graphs.
Contents 9. D esign of Thrust 14. Installation by
1. Purpose and Scope Restraints for Trenching or
2. D escription of Concrete Buried Pipe TunnelingMethods
Pressure Pipe 10. Design of Pipe on Piers and Equipment
3. Hydraulics 11. D esign of Subaqueous 15. H ydrostatic Testing and
4. Surge Pressure Installations Disinfection of Mains
5. External Loads 12. D esign Considerations 16. Tapping Concrete
6. Bedding and Backfilling for Corrosive Pressure Pipe
7. D esign of Reinforced Environments 17. G uide Specifications
Concrete Pressure Pipe 13. Transportation of Pipe for the Purchase and
8. D esign of Fittings and Installation of Concrete
Appurtenances Pressure Pipe

Published by AWWA, 2008, softbound, 262 pp. ISBN 1583215492

No. 30009 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 25
A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Steel PipeA Guide for Design and Installation (M11)

Fourth Edition
This comprehensive practice manual is a handy operations and design reference for
the selection, installation, and maintenance of steel water pipe for potable water
transmission and distribution. Its thorough coverage includes a history of steel pipe,
uses, physical characteristics, manufacture, testing, hydraulics, determination of
pipe wall thickness, water hammer and pressure surge, external loads, supports,
pipe joints, fittings and appurtenances, installation, and maintenance.
Contents
1. History, Uses, and Physical 8. Pipe Joints
Characteristics of Steel Pipe 9. Fittings and Appurtenances
2. Manufacture and Testing 10. P rinciples of Corrosion and
3. Hydraulics of Pipelines Corrosion Control
4. Determination of Pipe Wall Thickness 11. Protective Coatings and Linings
5. Water Hammer and Pressure Surge 12. Transportation, Installation, and
6. External Loads Testing
7. Supports for Pipe 13. S upplementary Design Data
and Details
Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 241 pp. ISBN 1583212744
No. 30011 l Nonmember $113 l Member Prices $75

Simplified Procedures for Water Examination (M12)

Fifth Edition
Reliable water-quality tests form the basis for regulatory compliance
and ensure the best possible quality drinking water for the commu-
nity. This practice manual provides lab technicians with simplified
versions of the most common lab tests used in process control of
drinking water production. All tests in this manual are based upon
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
These reliable procedures will enable plant managers to evaluate
and optimize treatment processes to produce the highest-quality
drinking water.
Contents 8. Chlorine Demand 20. Ozone
1. Water Quality 9. Chlorine Dioxide (Residual)
Laboratory 10. Color 21. pH
2. Alkalinity 11. Conductivity 22. Phosphate
3. Aluminum 12. Dissolved 23. Silica
4. Ammonia- Oxygen 24. Sodium
Nitrogen 13. Fluoride 25. Solids
5. Calcium 14. Hardness (Dissolved)
Carbonate 15. Iron 26. Sulfate
Saturation 16. Jar Tests 27. Taste and Odor Periodic Table of the Elements
6. Carbon Dioxide 17. Manganese 28. Temperature Handy for desk or wall. Size: 8" X 10",
(Free) 29. Turbidity plastic-laminated
18. Nitrate
7. Chlorine Residual 30. Bacteriological No. 30012A
19. Nitrite
Examination Nonmember $8.95 l Member Price $5.95
Published by AWWA, 2002, softbound, 222 pp. ISBN 1583211829
No. 30012 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

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 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Installation, Field Testing, and

Maintenance of Fire Hydrants
(M17)
Fourth Edition
Proper installation, testing, and maintenance
are critical for every fire hydrant in your city.
This manual provides detailed instructions for
installing, testing, and maintaining both wet-
barrel- and dry-barrel-types of fire hydrants.
Cutaway drawings, photos, step-by-step
procedures, equipment lists, specification
charts, maintenance schedules, and ready-
to-use forms provide all the information you
need to keep your fire hydrants working per-
fectly at all times.
Contents
1. A Brief History of Fire Hydrants
Recommended Practice for Backflow Prevention 2. Dry-Barrel Hydrants: Definitions and
and Cross-Connection Control (M14) Preferred Nomenclature
Third Edition 3. Inspection, Installation, Testing, and
Placing the Hydrant in Service
Get the information you need to eliminate the threat of backflow and cross-connections in your
4. Maintenance
distribution system. This manual describes currently accepted practices for initiating and man-
5. Flow Tests
aging an effective cross-connection control program, and establishing uniform procedures and
Illustrated Guide to Dry-Barrel and Wet-Barrel
practices. Coverage includes backflow device selection and the latest techniques for inspec-
Hydrant Nomenclature
tion and maintenance.
American AVK Company
Contents Double Check Detector Backflow American Flow Control
1. Introduction Prevention Assembly Clow Valve Company
Responsibilities Pressure Vacuum Breaker Assembly East Jordan Iron Works, Inc.
Health Aspects Spill-Resistant Vacuum Breaker James Jones Company
Legal Aspects Backflow Devices Kennedy Valve
2. Program Administration Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker M&H Valve
Types of Programs Dual Check Mueller Group
Components of Purveyors Program Dual Check With Atmospheric Vent US Pipe & Foundry Company
3. Backflow Principles Continuous Water Service Waterous Company
Basic Hydraulics Testing Awareness
Types of Backflow Testing Procedures of Assemblies Published by AWWA, 2006, softbound,
Assessing the Effectiveness of Assemblies Backflow Assembly Field Test Equipment 123 pp. ISBN 1583214143
and Devices Maintenance of Assemblies No. 30017
4. B ackflow Prevention Assembly Test Responsibilities Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69
Application, Installation, and Maintenance 5. Typical Hazards
General Recommended Protection for Specific
Air Gap Categories of Customers
Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow
Prevention Assembly
Reduced Pressure Detector Assembly
Recommended Protection for Water
Purveyors Hazards Order Online
Double Check Valve Backflow Prevention @ awwa.org
Assembly

Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 133 pp. ISBN 1583212884

or call 800.926.7337
No. 30014 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69 fax 303.347.0804

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 27
 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Emergency Planning for Water Utilities (M19)

Emergency Planning
f safe, high-
delivery can Fourth Edition
cts. Regardless

for Water Utilities

ey occur and You will have all the information you need to develop complete con-
practices, and
n this manual is tingency plans for a variety of emergencies, from natural disasters to
ulnerable
lternate strategy.
human-caused accidents. Youll learn how to identify the most vulner-
able portions of your system, depending on type of disaster, and how

Manual of Wa
ter Supply pra
cticeS
M19 to determine in what ways a disruption would likely affect service.

Contents
1. Overview
2. Hazard Summary
3. Vulnerability Assessment
Fourth Edition
4. Mitigation Actions
5. Preparedness Planning
Advocacy
Communications
Conferences
g
6. E mergency Response, Recovery, and Training
Education and Trainin
Science and
Technology
Sections
Published by AWWA, 2001, softbound, 109 pp. ISBN 1583211357
No. 30019 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69
Water
Resource on Safe
The Authoritative

Water Chlorination/Chloramination Practices

and Principles (M20)
Second Edition
This manual is a complete information resource on the uses of chlorine
and chloramines in water treatment. Beginning with a brief history of these
important chemicals, the manual focuses on their chemical properties and
disinfection mechanisms; proper handling, storage, and safety techniques;
feed equipment types and ancillary equipment; chlorine and chloramines
disinfection strategies; and techniques to minimize the formation of
disinfection by-products while maintaining adequate disinfection and
distribution system residual.
Contents
1. History of Chlorination and Chloramination
2. Chlorine Gas
3. C hlorination Water Chemistry and Disinfection Mechanisms
4. C hlorination and Ammonia: Handling, Storage, Feed Equipment,
and Systems
5. Chlorine and Ammonia Safety
6. Disinfection Strategies and Chlorine and Chloramines
Published by AWWA, 2006, softbound, 173 pp. ISBN 1583214089
No. 30020 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

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 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Groundwater (M21)
Third Edition
This manual covers the practical aspects of using groundwater as a potable
water supply and provides a general overview of groundwater hydrology,
geophysical evaluation, development, well water production, and treatment.
Contents
1. The Occurrence and Behavior of Groundwater
2. Evaluation of Regional Groundwater Conditions
3. Groundwater Management and Protection
4. Quantitative Evaluation of Wells
5. WellsTypes, Construction, and Use
6. Operations Problems, Well Plugging, and Methods of Correction
7. Well Pumps and Pumping
8. Groundwater Quality
9. Groundwater Treatment
10. Record Keeping
11. Groundwater Recharge and Storage Programs
Published by AWWA, 2003, softbound, 207 pp. ISBN 1583211888
No. 30021 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

Sizing Water Service Lines and Meters (M22)

Second Edition
Accurately size customer water service lines and water meters with the
guidance provided by this practice manual. Coverage includes estimating
consumer water flows, peak water demands, demand profiling, metering
equipment, and procedures for calculating service lines and meters for
optimum water revenue and lowest service cost. Numerous tables and
sample calculations included.
Contents
1. Introduction 5. Sizing Service Lines
2. C onsumer Water Demands, Data Required
Trends, and Considerations Head Loss
Water Use Trends Performing Sizing Calculations
Water Use Patterns 6. Sizing the Customers Meter
3. D emand Profiling for Optimal Revenue Implications
Meter Sizing System Components Policy
Recorder Design Review
Recording Data Water Meter Selection
Creating Reports and Graphs Meter Arrangements for Fire
Using Demand Profiles to Size Services
and Maintain Meters Summary
4. E stimating Demands Using Summary of Customer Water
Fixture Values Using the Demand Profile Survey
Modified Fixture Value Method Using Software to Size a Meter
Flow Friction Loss Tables
Published by AWWA, 2003, softbound, 113 pp. ISBN 1583212795
No. 30022 l Nonmember $96 l Member Price $64

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 29
A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

New!
Planning for the Distribution of Reclaimed Water (M24)
Third Edition
Newly revised and re-titled, AWWA Manual of Water Supply Practices M24
provides guidance on planning and designing dual distribution systems for treated
reclaimed (nonpotable) water to be used in applications that do not require
potable-quality water, such as public park irrigation. Manual M24 provides
updated chapters on planning, engineering design for treatment of reclaimed water
and distribution systems, and management and operation of dual systems.
Published by AWWA, 2009, softcover, 118 pp. ISBN 1583217266
No. 30024 | $96 Nonmembers | $64 Member Price

PVC PipeDesign and Installation (M23) Flexible-Membrane Covers and Linings

Second Edition
This manual explains the selection, installation, and maintenance
of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe for drinking water systems. Whether
your utility is currently using PVC pipe or is considering its use for
the first time, this manual provides everything you need to know
about this type of pipe and fittings for potable water use. It covers
PVC chemical and abrasion resistance properties, flow friction
loss, external load factors, internal pressure capacities, flexibility
ratings, and much more.
for Potable-Water Reservoirs (M25)
Third Edition
This is a complete technical guide for the design, installation,
operation, and maintenance of flexible-membrane covers and linings
for potable water reservoirs. It includes comparative information
about different types of membranes to help you evaluate each
and choose the right type for your use.
Contents

Contents 1. Introduction
1. G eneral Properties of Purpose and Scope
Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe Description of Facilities
Advantages and
2. Testing and Inspection
Disadvantages
3. Hydraulics Permeation
4. D esign Factors Related Definitions
to External Forces and Survey of Existing Facilities
Conditions
2. D esign and Installation of
5. Pressure Capacity
Flexible-Membrane Floating
6. R eceiving, Storage, and Covers
Handling
7. Installation 3. O peration, Inspection, and
Maintenance Guidelines
8. Testing and Maintenance
for Floating Covers
9. S ervice Connections
Chemical Resistance Tables 4. Design and Installation of Flexible Membrane Linings
Flow Friction Loss Tables 5. Operation and Maintenance Guidelines for Linings
Published by AWWA, 2002, softbound, 167 pp. Published by AWWA, 2000, softbound, 39 pp. ISBN 1583210709
ISBN 1583211713 No. 30025 l Nonmember $71 l Member Price $47
No. 30023 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

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 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

External Corrosion: Introduction to Chemistry and Control (M27)

Second Edition
Gain an understanding of external pipe corrosion and learn how to institute a corrosion-
control program in this practical operations manual. It explains the chemistry of corrosion
and how to evaluate a pipelines corrosion potential by studying soil content, pipe
material, and other variables. The manual also provides information on corrosion
protection devices for distribution system pipe and storage tanks.
Contents 4. Corrosion Protection of
1. Importance of Controlling External Buried Pipelines
Corrosion Coatings
Corrosion Occurrence and Cathodic Protection
Implications Materials Selection
Economics of Corrosion Control Trench Improvement
Protective Methods for Specific
2. Chemistry of Corrosion
Pipe Materials
Basic Electrochemistry of Corrosion
Chemistry of Corrosion in Water 5. Atmospheric Corrosion
Systems How Metals Corrode in the
Atmosphere 6. Corrosion Control of Water
3. Evaluating the Potential for Corrosion
Types of Corrosion That Can Storage Tanks
Effects of the Chemical Environment
Be Expected Corrosion of Water Tanks
on Common Water Pipe Materials
Methods of Control Corrosion Prevention for Water
Stray Currents
Coating Evaluation Tanks

Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 85 pp. ISBN 1583213007

No. 30027 l Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57

Rehabilitation Rehabilitation of Water Mains (M28)

Second Edition
of Water Mains Get the guidance you need to decide which rehabilitation method is right for your specific situation
cleaning, lining, or trenchless rehabilitation. This manual provides step-by-step procedures for all
Manual of Water Supply practiceS
M28 techniques, including flushing, cable-attached devices, pigs and other fluid-propelled cleaning devices,
power-boring devices, cementmortar lining, epoxy lining, conventional slip-lining, close-fit slip-lining,
cured-in-place lining, and pipe-bursting technologies.
Contents 2. Cleaning 4. Internal Joint Seals
1. Distribution System Flushing Fitting Procedure for
Second Edition
First Edition Performance Criteria Cable-Attached Devices Internal Joint Seals
Water Quality Fluid-Propelled Cleaning Installed in Water Mains
Devices
Advocacy

5. Pipe Bursting
Communications

Hydraulic Performance
Conferences
Education and Training
Science and Technology

Cleaning by Power Boring

Sections

Structural Performance 6. Maintaining Service

3. Lining Techniques
The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water

and Leakage Bypass Piping

Rehabilitation Solutions
Selection of Rehabilitation
Solutions
CementMortar Lining
7. Customer Relations
Epoxy Lining
Customer Notification
Slip-Lining
Program
Modified Slip-Lining
Community Relations
Cured-in-Place Lining
Structural Lining Design Issues

Published by AWWA, 2001, softbound, 65 pp. ISBN 1583210261

No. 30028 l Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57

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Fundamentals of Water Utility Capital Financing (M29)

Third Edition
Adequate financing for infrastructure no longer means looking primarily
to federal or state grant funding sources. Today an effective financial
program may encompass a variety of financing approaches. Written
for both public- and investor-owned utilities, the manual discusses
traditional and innovative utility financing alternatives to meet both
short- and long-term capital requirements. Inflation, growth-related
demands, the impacts of public pressure to keep rates low, and new
financing options are addressed.
Contents
1. T he Capital Finance Planning 4. Going to Market: The Process
Environment Obtaining Authority
Strategic Planning Timeline
Budgeting Method of Sale
Planning Process Underwriter
2. Identifying Financing Alternatives Sale and Closing
Internal Funding 5. Going to Market: The Players
External Funding Issuer
3. Evaluating Financing Alternatives Legal
Legal Factors Financial
Financial and External Factors Project
Commonly Used Funding Credit Evaluation
Alternatives 6. Special Considerations for
Investor-Owned Utilities
Rating Agency Requirements
Published by AWWA, 2008, softbound, 120 pp. ISBN 158321545
No. 30029 l Nonmember $96 l Member Price $64

Precoat Filtration (M30)

Second Edition
This practical manual provides complete information on precoat filtration systems, including
guidelines on their design, installation, and operation. Cost considerations, filter media, waste
handling, auxiliary equipment, and instrumentation are explained.
Contents
1. Introduction 4. Filter Media 6. Operations
2. Applications and Economic Considerations Media Types and Grades Operating Adjustments
3. Filter Design Precoating Process Control
Filter Vessel Design Body-feed Monitoring
Filter Element Design Filter Media Storage Emergency Controls
Filter Septum Design 5. S pent Cake Removal and Residuals Maintenance
Hydraulics Handling Record Keeping
Filtration Rate 7. Auxiliary Equipment and Safety
Design Capacity

Published by AWWA, 1995, softbound, 52 pp. ISBN 0898677874

No. 30030 l Nonmember $71 l Member Price $47

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Distribution System Requirements for Fire Protection (M31)

Fourth Edition
This manual provides specific guidance on the design, operation, and maintenance
of water distribution systems as they relate to fire protection and suppression. Fire
flow requirements, criteria for system design, demand, and storage are covered. The
manual includes materials standards, fire protection organizations and their roles,
and fire insurance ratings.
Contents
1. Fire Flow Requirements 3. Distribution System Storage
Impact on Distribution System Design Functions of Distribution Storage
Community Governance Elevated and Ground Storage
Calculating Fire Flow Requirements Pumping
Practical Limits on Fire Flow Location
Nonpotable Water Sources for Fire Storage Reservoir Overflow Level
Fighting 4. Adequacy and Reliability of Distribution
2. System Demand and Design-Flow Criteria Systems
Methods of Distribution Determining Level of Reliability
Rates of Water Use Reliability of Major System Components Published by AWWA, 2008, softbound,
Distribution System Appurtenances Operations 60 pp. ISBN 1583215808
System Evaluation and Design 5. Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems
No. 30031
Determining Design Flow Advantages
Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57
Flow Metering Water Supply Requirements
Standby Charges for Fire Protection Types of Sprinklers
Systems Standpipes
Water Distribution Analysis Techniques Backflow Prevention
Publications for Distribution System Materials
Agencies Involved in Fire Protection
Water Supply and Fire Insurance Ratings

Computer Modeling of Water Distribution Systems (M32)

Second Edition
Municipal water distribution systems can be very large and include complex hydraulics networks
of pipes, pumps, valves, and storage reservoirs. In order to understand what is happening in the
distribution system, the operator can build an accurate and detailed virtual model of the sys-
tem using computer software. Computer models can help uncover problems and test different
scenarios to solve them without actually entering or changing the physical distribution system.
The manual will take the reader from an introduction to modeling through data collection, model
design, calibration, and the many uses for distribution system computer models.
Contents
1. Introduction to Distribution System 5. Extended Period Simulation
Modeling 6. Water Quality Modeling
2. Preparing the Model 7. Advances and Trends in Network Modeling
3. Hydraulic Tests and Measurements
4. Steady-State Simulation
Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 159 pp. ISBN 1583213457
No. 30032 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

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Flowmeters in Water Supply (M33)

Second Edition
This manual provides an excellent explanation of the types, design, installation, operation, and
maintenance of flowmeters. Coverage includes electronic meters, venturi, modified venturi,
orifice plate, turbine and propeller, sonic, vortex, and averaging Pitot flowmeters. Pipeline fluid
flow characteristics are also provided with tips on achieving maximum effectiveness.
Contents
1. Characteristics of Flow
2. Types of Flowmeters
3. Flowmeter Selection
4. Installation and Performance Issues
5. Communication, Information and Signal Outputs
Published by AWWA, 2006, softbound, 56 pp. ISBN 1583214526
No. 30033 l Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57

New!
Water Audits and Loss Control Programs (M36)
Third Edition
By introducing a major advance in water-auditing methodology, newly revised
and re-titled AWWA Manual of Water Supply Practices M36 has the latest
information on identifying and controlling both real and apparent water loss in
municipal distribution systems. M36 presents specific techniques to identify,
measure, and verify all water consumed and lost; reveal apparent losses from
incorrect metering and billing; recover lost revenue; and implement a leakage
and pressure management program.
Published by AWWA, 2009, softbound, 285 pp. ISBN 1583216316
No. 30036 | $113 Nonmember | $75 Member Price

Operational Control of Coagulation and Filtration Processes (M37)

Second Edition
Make sure your coagulation and filtration systems are operating at peak efficiency and
effectiveness with this operations manual. This practice manual provides the latest
techniques and procedures for jar testing, particle counting, and other methods for
monitoring, optimizing, and controlling coagulation and filtration processes.
Contents
1. Jar Testing
2. Streaming Current Detectors
3. Particle Counting and Sizing
4. Electrophoretic Mobility Measurements
5. Pilot Filters for Process Evaluation and Control
Published by AWWA, 2000, softbound, 103 pp. ISBN 1583210555
No. 30037 l Nonmember $96 l Member Price $64

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Electrodialysis and Electrodialysis Reversal (M38)

This manual explains the design, selection, installation, operation, and maintenance of
electrodialysis and electrodialysis reversal systems in water treatment. Text explains pro-
cess principles, equipment information, electrodialysis technology, and system design.
It is an excellent resource for engineers, operators, and anyone who wants to know more
about these technologies.
Contents Operating Principles for Design
1. Introduction Posttreatment
Basic Water Chemistry Concepts Concentrate Disposal
Operating Principles of ED and EDR 3. Equipment and Installation
Development of ED and EDR Systems Equipment Subsystems
Applications Installation
2. Design Costing
Components of ED and EDR Design 4. Operation and Maintenance
Staging Operation Procedures
Limiting Parameters Maintenance Requirements
Water Recovery Safety
Pretreatment

Published by AWWA, 1995, softbound, 62 pp. ISBN 0898677688

No. 30038 l Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57

New!
Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings (M41)
Third Edition
An indispensable reference for water distribution system designers and operators,
newly revised and updated AWWA Manual of Water Supply Practices M41 provides
the most current engineering and operating specifications for ductile-iron pipe
and fittings. M41 describes the manufacture, design, applications, installation,
corrosion protection, fittings, and maintenance of this versatile and durable
pipe material.
Published by AWWA, 2009, softbound, 260 pp. ISBN 1583216324
No. 30041 | $113 Nonmember | $75 Member Price

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 35
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Steel Water-Storage Tanks (M42) Distribution Valves: Selection, Installation,

You will find detailed information on the selection, design, Field Testing, and Maintenance (M44)
construction, and maintenance of steel tanks for potable Second Edition
water storage in this manual. M42 comprehensively covers
tank sizing, configuration, site selection, design, operation, This operations manual provides practical information on selecting,
and maintenance. installing, testing, and maintaining distribution valves in potable
water systems. It covers all types of valves: on/off operation valves,
Contents flow control and on/off control valves, special-purpose valves, actuators,
1. Typical Capacities and Configurations and valve-end connections. Unloading, inspection, storage, installation,
2. Appurtenances testing, maintenance, and record keeping are described in detail.
3. Cathodic Protection
4. Coating Systems Contents 4. Installation
5. Selecting and Sizing Water Storage Tanks 1. History and Design Valve Inspection
6. Construction Considerations Considerations Valve Installation
7. Inspecting New Tank Construction 2. Types and Selection of Valves Valve Testing
8. Routine Operation and Maintenance OnOff Operation and Flow 5. Operation and Maintenance
9. Professional Examination and Renovation Control Maintenance Schedule
10. Cold Weather Operation OnOff Control Procedures
Steel Water Tank Industry Standards Organizations Special-Purpose Valves Record Keeping
and Information Sources Actuators 6. Distribution Valves Emergency
Inspecting and Repairing Steel Water Tanks, Standpipes, Valve-End Connections Response Planning
Reservoirs, and Elevated Tanks 3. Testing, Unloading, Inspection,
and Storage
Published by AWWA, 1998, softbound, 145 pp. Manufacturers Valve Tests
ISBN 089867977X Manufacturers Documents
No. 30042 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75 Unloading
Inspection
Storage
Bolts
Published by AWWA, 2006, softbound, 64 pp. ISBN 1583214305
No. 30044 l Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57

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Fiberglass Pipe Design (M45)

Second Edition
Used throughout the world, fiberglass pipe is notable for its durabil-
ity, strength, and resistance to corrosion. This manual describes
fiberglass pipe materials, properties, characteristics, manufacturing,
hydraulics, buried pipe designs and installation, aboveground pipe
design and installation, thrust restraints, joining systems, fittings,
specials, shipping, handling, storage, and repair.
Contents
1. History and Use
2. Materials, Properties, and Characteristics
3. Manufacturing
4. Hydraulics
5. Buried Pipe Design
6. Guidelines for Underground Installation of Fiberglass Pipe
7. Buried Pipe Thrust Restraints
8. Aboveground Pipe Design and Installation
9. Joining Systems, Fittings, and Specials
10. Shipping, Handling, Storage, and Repair
Published by AWWA, 2005, softbound, 159 pp. ISBN 158321589
No. 30045 l Nonmember $113 l Member Price $75

Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration (M46)

Second Edition
This manual provides a thorough overview of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration
technologies for operators, engineers, educators, or anyone seeking an introduction
to membrane water treatment. Chapter topics encompass theory and applications,
design, equipment, costs, concentrate disposal, pretreatment, equipment installation,
operations, safety, and maintenance.
Contents
1. Introduction Ancillary Equipment and Facilities
RO and NF Membrane Applications Instrumentation and Control
Membrane Materials and Waste Stream Management
Configurations Pretreatment Filter
2. Process Design Backwash Disposal
Source Water Supply Treatment Plant Design
Pretreatment Plant Location and Layout
Membrane Process Theory Construction and Equipment
Rating RO and NF Elements Installation
Posttreatment Treatment Costs
3. Facility Design and Construction 4. Operations and Maintenance
Raw Water Intake Process Monitoring
Discharge Biological Monitoring
Suspended Solids and Silt Removal Chemical Cleaning
RO and NF Systems Mechanical Integrity
Hydraulic Turbochargers Instrumentation Calibration
Posttreatment Systems Safety

Published by AWWA, 2007, softbound, 226 pp. ISBN 1583214917

No. 30046 l Nonmember $129 l Member Price $86

awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 37
A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Waterborne Pathogens (M48)

Second Edition
This comprehensive manual provides the
information you need to detect and eliminate
waterborne pathogens in drinking water. It
covers everything water utility managers, lab
workers, and operators need to know about
waterborne microbial pathogens, including
types, diseases, regulation, detection, and
treatment. Illustrations and color plates for
dozens of common pathogens are included.
Contents
Section IIntroduction to Water Quality
1. Waterborne Disease Causes, Problems,
Construction Contract and Challenges to Treatment
Administration (M47) 2. Water Quality in Source Water,
Engineers, project managers, contractors, Treatment, and Distribution Systems
and purchasing specifiers use M47 to suc- 3. Water Quality Monitoring, Sampling, and
28. Cryptosporidium parvum
cessfully plan, design, and manage water Testing
29. Cyclospora cayetanensis
system construction projects. This practical 4. M olecular Detection of Waterborne
30. Entamoeba histolytica
manual introduces the terms and procedures Microorganisms
31. Giardia lamblia
used in water utility construction and project Section IIIntroduction to Bacterial 32. Isospora belli
administration in the US. Both traditional and Pathogenic Agents 33. Microsporidia
nontraditional construction projects are 5. Acinetobacter 34. Naegleria fowleri
covered, and information on partnering, 6. Aeromonas 35. Shistosomatidae
communications, dispute resolution, and 7. Campylobacter 36. Toxoplasma gondii
private-sector financing is also included. 8. Cyanobacteria 37. Trichuris trichiura
Contents 9. Enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli
Section IVIntroduction to Viral
1. Traditional Construction Projects 10. Escherichia coli
Pathogenic Agents
2. Construction Documents Review and 11. Flavobacterium
38. Adenoviruses
Application 12. Helicobacter pylori
39. Astroviruses
3. Warranties 13. Klebsiella
40. Emerging Viruses
4. Selecting Contractors 14. Legionella
41. Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses
5. Performance Clauses 15. Mycobacterium avium Complex
42. Hepatitis A
6. Owner Construction Management 16. Pseudomonas
43. Hepatitis E
7. Construction Management Firms 17. Salmonella
44. Human Caliciviruses
8. Multiple Prime Contracts 18. Serratia
(Noroviruses and Sapoviruses)
9. DesignBuild and Turnkey Construction 19. Shigella
45. Reoviruses
10. G uaranteed Maximum Price Construction 20. Staphylococcus
46. Rotaviruses
Management 21. Vibrio cholerae
11. Partnering 22. Yersinia Published by AWWA, 2006,
12. Communication softbound, 324 pp. ISBN 1583214038
Section IIIIntroduction to Parasitic
13. Disputes Pathogenic Agents No. 30048
14. Payment Procedures 23. Acanthamoeba spp. Nonmember $129 l Member Price $86
15. Private-Sector Financing 24. Ascaris lumbricoides
Published by AWWA, 1996, 25. Balamuthia mandrillaris
softbound, 149 pp. ISBN 0898678714 26. Balantidium coli
No. 30047 27. Blastocystis hominis
Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

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Butterfly Valves: Torque, Head Loss, and Cavitation Analysis (M49)

This manual provides guidance for using the versatile butterfly valve in waterworks service.
Coverage includes procedures for calculating operating torque, head loss, and cavitation. The
manual includes recommended methods for choosing actuator sizes, avoiding valve failure
caused by internal forces produced by water flow and pressure, reducing noise, and preventing
damaging vibrations.
Contents 3. Valve Head Loss
1. Introduction Head Loss Calculations
Butterfly Valve Design Energy Calculations
Torque, Head Loss, and Cavitation 4. Valve Cavitation
System Conditions Predicting Cavitation
2. Valve Torque Methods for Reducing Cavitation
Torque Components 5. Valve Testing
Bearing Torque Testing Requirements
Center of Gravity Torque Flow Test Procedure
Hydrostatic Torque Seating Torque Test Procedure
Seating Torque 6. Valve Applications
Packing and Hub Torque Actuator Sizing
Dynamic Torque Effects of Pipe Installation
Other Components of Torque Cautions
System Characteristics

Published by AWWA, 2001, softbound, 48 pp. ISBN 1583210415

No. 30049 l Nonmember $86 l Member Price $57

Water Resources Planning (M50)

Water
Water Resources Planning

Second Edition
Resources This manual provides guidance on how to develop a plan for new water supplies to
accommodate projected future water demands. This second edition significantly enhances
Planning the basis of water resource planning provided in the first edition. Additions and improvements
include a new chapter on public involvement, expanded information on water losses, a new
M50 section on conjunctive use and water source options, a regulatory update, a new section on
M50

Manual of Water Supply practiceS

Native American consultation in environmental impact analysis, and new information on

integrated resource planning.
Contents
1. Introduction to Water Resources Planning 7. Water Quality
Second Edition
2. P ublic Involvement in Water Resources 8. Hydrologic Modeling
Planning 9. Regulatory Issues
 Advocacy
 Communications
 Conferences
3. Water Demand Forecasting 10. Environmental Impact Analysis
4. Water Rights and Policy 11. Watershed Management and Groundwater
 EducationandTraining
Science and Technology
 Sections

The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water

5. E valuation of Surface Water and Protection
Groundwater Sources 12. Economic Feasibility
6. Evaluation of Other Sources 13. Integrated Resource Planning
4/19/2007 2:09:01 PM

14. Case Studies

Published by AWWA, 2007, softbound, 378 pp. ISBN 1583214712
No. 30050 l Nonmember $129 l Member Price $86

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A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Air-Release, Air/Vacuum & Combination

T
Air Valves (M51) he first edition of Air-Release, Air/Vacuum, & Combination Air Valves, AWWA Manual

Heres a total engineering and operations

ing, and installing air valves in drinkinggaining
water
guidebook for selecting, sizing, locat-
M51, is the latest addition to AWWAs series of manuals of water supply practices.
Operators, technicians, and engineers will find the information in this manual useful for
supply ofapplications.
a basic understanding the use and application ofCoverage
air valves. A valuable guide for
Air-Release,
selecting, sizing, locating, and installing air valves in water applications, M51
includes valve types, installation locations alongonaairpipeline,
provides information
including the following:
selecting
valve types listed in AWWA Standardthe C512, correct
latest edition, Air/Vacuum &
valve orifice size, water hammer conditions, installation considerations, opera-
tion and safety issues, and maintenance.



Air-release valve
Air/vacuum valve
Combination air valve
Combination Air Valves
Contents Sizing for Pipeline Filling
1. Introduction
Occurrence and Effect of Air in
Sizing for Pipeline Draining
Sizing for Gravity Flow
Manual of Water Supply practiceS
M51
Pipelines Sizing for Special Applications
Sources of Air Entry into Pipelines Air-Release Valve Selection
2. Types of Air Valves Air/Vacuum Valve Selection
Air-Release Valves Combination Air Valve Selection
Air/Vacuum Valves 5. Water Hammer Effects
Combination Air Valves Air/Vacuum and Combination First Edition

3. Locating Air Valves Along a Pipeline Air Valves

4. Design of Valve Orifice Size Air Valves at Well Pumps
AWWA is the authoritative resource for knowledge, information and advocacy to improve the quality and
supply of water in North America and beyond. AWWA is the largest organization of water professionals in
Advocacy
Communications

Sizing for Releasing Air Under Air Valves on Pipelines

the world. AWWA advances public health, safety and welfare by uniting the efforts of the full spectrum of Conferences
the entire water community. Through our collective strength we become better stewards of water for the Education and Training
greatest good of the people and the environment. Science and Technology
Sections

Pressure 6. Installation, Operation,

2P-1E-POD-30053-07/05-LS

Orifice Sizing Method for Maintenance, and Safety The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water SM

Releasing Air
Published by AWWA, 2001, softbound, 37 pp. ISBN 1583211527
No. 30051 l Nonmember $71 l Member Price $47

Water Conservation ProgramsA Planning Manual (M52)

This manual is a total planning guide for a city water utility that wishes to develop a
water conservation program. It takes you through all the issues of a formal water con-
servation program. It provides step-by-step guidance and instruction in
n Conservation techniques and conservation rate structures
n Costbenefit analysis
n Gaining support and overcoming obstacles
n Program implementation, staffing, and ongoing management
n Monitoring effectiveness
You will be fully informed about water conservation techniques, conservation rates,
program costs, expected benefits, and implementation issues. You get helpful tools and
step-by-step guidance to build a successful water conservation program in your city.
Contents Determining Benefits
1. Introduction Determining Costs
2. Need for Efficiency and Setting Goals 5. C reating a Formal Water
3. A nalysis of Water Use and Water Conservation Program
Savings Selecting the Program
Current and Future Water Use Implementing the Program
Water Loss Control Monitoring and Evaluating the Program
Alternative Water Conservation 6. C onservation Plan Development
Measures and Implementation: Dealing With
Water Savings Perceptions, Barriers, and Obstacles to
4. Evaluation of Benefits and Costs Effective Water Conservation
Calculating Water Savings
Published by AWWA, 2006, softbound, 149 pp. ISBN 1583213910
No. 30052 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

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 A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Membranes

for Drinking Water (M53)
This manual explains all aspects of microfiltration and ultrafiltration for drinking
water treatment: science and theory, membrane materials and construction, mem-
brane manufacturers, system design, applications, operations, costs, maintenance,
integration with conventional treatment processes, and case studies.
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Water Quality
3. Membrane Science and Theory
4. System Concepts
5. Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Membrane Manufacturers
6. Membrane Applications
7. Pilot Testing of Membrane Systems
8. Membrane System Design Concepts
9. Operations
10. Cost of Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Membrane Systems
11. Residuals and Their Management
12. Future Trends in Low-Pressure Membrane Filtration
Published by AWWA, 2005, softbound, 257 pp. ISBN 1583213600
No. 30053 l Nonmember $129 l Member Price $86

Developing Rates for Small Systems (M54)

Limited data or resources dont have to keep your small utility from developing
a rate structure that recovers all your costs and is fair to your customers. This
manual gives you the step-by-step guidance you need to determine your revenue
requirements, analyze your rates, develop a financial plan, and design a better rate
structureeven if you have limited resources and data. This manual is perfect for
water systems serving populations of up to 10,000 because it focuses on the unique
attributes of small systems in relation to financial planning and rate design.
Contents
1. Customer Account and Usage Data
Customer Classes
Wholesale Customers
Unmetered Accounts
2. Preparing a Financial Plan
Development of a Financial Plan
Establishing Target Reserve Balances
3. Determining a Pattern of Revenue
Increases and Test-Year Revenue Requirements
Revenues Projected Under Existing Rates
Rate Revenue Adjustments
4. Rate Design
Rate or Pricing Objectives
Rate Design Concepts
5. Special Considerations
Public Involvement
Regulatory Approval of Rates
Rate Change Phase-in
Alternative Cash Flow Plans
Published by AWWA, 2004, softbound, 59 pp. ISBN 1583213082
No. 30054 l Nonmember $71 l Member Price $47
awwa.org 1.800.926.7337 41
A W W A M A N U A L S O F W AT E R S U P P LY P R A C T I C E S

PE PipeDesign and Installation (M55)

This manual provides users of polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings in potable water
systems with both technical and general information on design, specification,
procurement, and installation. It covers engineering properties of polyethylene;
manufacturing, testing, and inspection; hydraulics of PE pipe; working pressure
rating; external load design; joining and fitting; transportation, handling, and
storage; installation; hydro testing and commissioning; and maintenance and repairs.
Contents
1. Engineering Properties of Polyethylene
2. Manufacturing, Testing and Inspection
3. Hydraulics of PE Pipe
4. Working Pressure Rating
5. External Load Design
6. Joining and Fittings
7. Transportation, Handling, and Storage of Pipe and Fittings
8. Installation
9. Hydrotesting and Commissioning
10. Maintenance and Repairs
Published by AWWA, 2005, softbound, 151 pp. ISBN 1583213872
No. 30055 l Nonmember $104 l Member Price $69

Fundamentals and Control of Nitrification in Chloraminated

Drinking Water Distribution Systems (M56)
This manual provides background information on the occurrence and microbiology of
nitrification in various water environments and offers current and practical approaches
to nitrification prevention and response.
Youll find all the information needed to prevent, treat, monitor, and control nitrifica-
tion. The manual identifies the causes of nitrification in chloraminated systems; health
impacts, growth, and inactivation of bacteria; operational response to an episode; and
system improvements to prevent nitrification.
Contents
1. Introduction to Nitrification in Drinking Water and Its Impact
on Regulatory Compliance
2. Nitrification in Water and Wastewater Treatment
3. Nitrification in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
4. Overview of Causes and Control of Nitrification in Water Distribution Systems
5. Microbiology and Isolation of Nitrifying Bacteria
6. Growth and Inactivation of Nitrifying Bacteria
7. Monitoring for Nitrification Prevention and Control
8. Operational and Treatment Practices to Prevent Nitrification
9. Assessment and Operational Responses to Nitrification Episodes
10. Capital Improvements for Nitrification Prevention
Published by AWWA, 2006, softbound, 258 pp. ISBN 1583214194
No. 30056 l Nonmember $129 l Member Price $86

42 AWWA Bookstore Catalog