TUGAS 1

BAHASA INGGRIS
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Short Biography of Andrei Sakharov

Although he helped design the atomic bomb and was considered the key scientist in the
development of the hydrogen bomb, Andrei Sakharov later become known as a political
activist who worked endlessly to promote political and intellectual freedom. He believed
strongly in a system where anyone could access information upon his or her own will,
gather facts and opinions, and speak to others about them to prevent the downfall of
modern society by those who control the masses to become malevolent dictators.
Educated in Moscow at the State University in 1938, he had to continue his studies in
Turkmenistan due to the Great Patriotic War that took place in 1941. In 1945, he was
able to return to Moscow where he studied under the Soviet Academy of Sciences. In
1947, he obtained his Ph.D.
With an interest in cosmology, especially the energy possessed by cosmic rays,
Sakharov never got to pursue the field because of his increased involvement in the
development of the Soviets atomic bomb program. Upon the development of the atomic
weapon, he was instrumental in increasing the power of the hydrogen bomb using what
was called the Sloika design. He then furthered his endeavors by helping create the first
megaton-range Soviet Hydrogen Bomb, which would become the biggest, most
powerful bomb ever devised.
After a few years, he then went to work on nuclear fusion reactors that could be used for
mass energy production. However, after Andrei Sakharov saw what his work was being
used for namely the arms race against the U.S. and an increase in atomic bomb
production he thought over the issue and turned his scientific endeavors into ones that
incorporated ideas for the betterment of society as a whole, especially those with regard
to human rights.
Clause terbagi menjadi independent clause dan dependent clause.

Independent clause dapat disebut juga dengan kalimat lengkap karena sudah
mempunyai subject dan verb yang dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai suatu kalimat.
Independent clause mengungkapkan satu gagasan yang utuh.
Contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:
My mother sang me a song.
You havent changed much.
You should eat this.

Berkebalikan dengan independent clause, dependent clause atau yang sering disebut
sebagai subordinate clause merupakan kalimat yang tidak lengkap.
Klausa ini juga tidak mengungkapkan gagasan secara utuh sehingga sering kali membuat kita
bertanya-tanya apa kelanjutannya? Apa yang terjadi? Lalu kenapa? Contoh kalimatnya adalah
sebagai berikut:
When I was young,
since the last time I see you
before you leave.

Kalimat di atas tidak dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai satu kalimat tanpa dilengkapi dengan klausa
atau frasa lain. Dependent clause harus selalu didampingi oleh independent clauseagar dapat
berfungsi dengan baik. Gabungan kedua klausa tersebut disebut dengan complex sentence.
Dependent clause ini bisa berfungsi sebagai noun clause, adjective clause, maupun adverb
clause.
Contoh:
We can do whatever we want. (noun clause)
The house that my sister bought is beautiful. (adjective clause)
My brother used to scare me when we were kids. (adverb clause)