DATA and RESULTS

I. Constant Volume of Water

Weight Percentage of Chalk 4%
Density of chalk 2.775 g/mL
Required mass of chalk 66.6667 g
Volume of water 1600 mL
A. Time vs Height
t, min H, mm t, min H, mm t, min H, mm t, min H, mm
0 820 25 217 50 174 75 152
1 812 26 214 51 173 76 151.5
2 763 27 211 52 172 77 151
3 722 28 208 53 171 78 151
4 684 29 205.5 54 170 79 150
5 638 30 203 55 169 80 149.5
6 608 31 201 56 168 81 149
7 571 32 199 57 167 82 148
8 537 33 197 58 166 83 147.5
9 504 34 195 59 165.5 84 147
10 475 35 193 60 164.5 85 146
11 448 36 192 61 163.5 86 145.5
12 423 37 190 62 163 87 145
13 400 38 189 63 162 88 144.5
14 378 39 188 64 161 89 143.5
15 355 40 186.5 65 160 90 143
16 335 41 185 66 159.5
17 319 42 184 67 158.5 After 24 hrs 105
18 302 43 183 68 158
19 284 44 181.5 69 157
20 268 45 180 70 156
21 253.5 46 179 71 155.5
22 238 47 177.5 72 154.5
23 228 48 176.5 73 154
24 222 49 175 74 153

B. Determination of tu and the Area of Thickening

Time to reach desired underflow concentration, t u 44 min
Flowrate into the tank 1600 mL/s
Initial of interface in the column 0.820 m
Area required for thickening 5.1512 m2

C. Determination of the Area of Clarification

Subsidence velocity, V 5.2778 x 10 4 m/s
Clarification rate, Qc 1.3951 x 10 3 m3/s
Area required for clarification 2.2028 m2

D. Determination of Solids Loading and Hydraulic Loading Rate

Q 1600 mL/s
Density of Slurry 1.0263 g/mL
Controlling area 5.1512 m2
Solids Loading 0.3188 kg/ m2-s
Hydraulic Loading Rate, QH 3.1061 x 10 4 m/s
 II. Constant Volume of Water
Weight Percentage of Chalk 4%
Density of chalk 2.775 g/mL
Required mass of chalk 65.6805 g
Volume of water 1576.33 mL
A. Time vs Height
t, min H, mm t, min H, mm t, min H, mm t, min H, mm
0 758 25 154 50 125 75 110
1 684 26 152 51 124.5 76 109.5
2 617 27 150 52 124 77 109
3 558 28 149 53 123.5 78 108.5
4 502 29 148 54 123 79 108
5 451 30 147 55 122 80 108
6 403 31 145 56 121.5 81 107
7 359 32 144 57 121 82 106.5
8 322 33 143 58 120 83 106
9 292 34 141 59 119 84 106
10 268 35 140 60 118.5 85 106
11 245 36 139 61 118 86 105.5
12 224 37 138 62 117.5 87 105
13 207 38 137 63 116 88 105
14 193 39 136 64 116 89 104.5
15 182 40 135 65 115 90 104
16 176 41 134 66 114.5
17 172 42 133 67 114 After 24 hrs 92
18 170 43 132 68 114
19 167 44 131 69 113
20 164 45 130 70 112.5
21 162 46 129 71 112
22 160 47 128 72 112
23 158 48 127 73 111
24 156 49 126 74 111

B. Determination of tu and the Area of Thickening

Time to reach desired underflow concentration, t u 28 min
Flowrate into the tank, Q 1600 mL/s
Initial of interface in the column, Ho 0.758 m
Area required for thickening, ATh 3.5462 m2

C. Determination of the Area of Clarification

Subsidence velocity, V 1.0833 x 10 4 m/s
Clarification rate, Qc 1.4058 x 10 3 m3/s
Area required for clarification, ACl 1.2977 m2

D. Determination of Solids Loading and Hydraulic Loading Rate

Q 1600 mL/s
Density of Slurry 1.0263 g/mL
Controlling area 3.5462 m2
Solids Loading 0.4631 kg/ m2-s
Hydraulic Loading Rate, QH 4.5119 x 10 4 m/s