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LEARN FROM THE PAST, CREATE THE FUTURE:

Inventions
and Patents

WORLD
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
ORGANIZATION
Disclaimer: The main purpose of this publication is to provide basic information, it is
not meant as a substitute for professional legal advice. Mention of names of firms and
organizations and their websites does not imply the endorsement of WIPO.

World Intellectual Property Organization, 2007


Text: Maria de Icaza
Graphic Design: Sheyda Navab
LEARN FROM THE PAST, CREATE THE FUTURE:
Inventions
and Patents

WORLD
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
ORGANIZATION
Contents
PREFACE

INVENTIONS
What are inventions?
How do we know when inventions were first invented?
Game Inventions of Ancient Civilizations
How are inventions invented?
Inventions improve our lives
Game Inventor Match-maker

PATENTS
What are patents?
Why are patents important?
When were patents invented?
Modern patent laws
How do inventors obtain patents?
When should an invention be patented?
What happens if an invention is not patented?
Are patented inventions protected worldwide?
Can there be different inventors for the same invention?
Patents are a wonderful source of information
The PCT Gazette
Game PCT Detective


BECOME AN INVENTOR
Identify a need or a problem
Research
Experiment and keep an open mind
Apply for a patent
Enter a competition
Commercialize your invention
Game Patent Journey

FINAL THOUGHTS

INVENTION JOURNAL

ANSWERS TO GAMES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Online Sources

NOTE TO TEACHERS


PREFACE
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INVENTIONS
What are inventions?

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FURTHER
READING
The following free booklets published by WIPO provide further
information about patents and other forms of intellectual property. You
can download them at www.wipo.int/publications. You can also request a
paper copy by sending an e-mail to publications.mail@wipo.int.

Learn from the Past,


Create the Future:
Copyright Patents Trademarks The Arts and Copyright

Pub. No. 484 Pub. No. 485 Pub. No. 483 Pub. No. 935

Your At Home What is


Own World with Intellectual From Artist
of IP Invention Property? to Audience

Pub. No. 865

Pub. No. 907 Pub. No. 450 Pub. No. 922

Inventing Creative
the Future Looking Good Making a Mark Expression

Pub. No. 917 Pub. No. 498 Pub. No. 900 Pub. No. 918
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For more information contact the or its New York Coordination
World Intellectual Property Office at:
Organization at:
Address: Address:
34, chemin des Colombettes 2, United Nations Plaza
P.O. Box 18 Suite 2525
CH-1211 Geneva 20 New York, N.Y. 10017
Switzerland United States of America

Telephone: Telephone:
+41 22 338 91 11 +1 212 963 6813

Fax: Fax:
+41 22 733 54 28 +1 212 963 4801

E-mail: E-mail:
wipo.mail@wipo.int wipo@un.org

Visit the WIPO website at:


www.wipo.int

and order from the WIPO Electronic


Bookshop at:
www.wipo.int/ebookshop

WIPO Publication No. 925E ISBN 92-805-1431-8


August 2007 edition

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