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Transportation Engineering
Survey
Acknowledge by :
Objective
Determine the spot speed of particular road segment and develop a cumulative speed distribution
curve
Equipment
1. Measuring Tape
2. Stopwatch
3. Survey Form
4. Stationary
Data Requirement
Procedures
Determine the location of the survey and measure and measure the length of the road that will
be used as survey road segment
Data Processing
Convert all the data into appropriate required data (s into km/h)
Where:
= spot speed (km/h)
= the trap length (meter)
= the travel time of each vehicle which is pass the trap length (second)
Make a frequency distribution table to determine speed percentiles
Speed (mph) Frequency of Cumulative Cumulative Speed
Vehicles Frequency Percent Percentile
15 1 1 1%
18 2 3 3%
21 6 9 9%
24 12 21 21%
27 13 34 34%
50th
30 20 54 54%
33 18 72 72%
85th
36 14 86 86%
39 6 92 92%
42 6 98 98%
45 1 99 99%
48 1 100 100%
Determine the 50th and 85th percentile speed from the cumulative percent column
Where:
= Speed
= Percentile desired
in = Higher cumulative percent
ax = Lower cumulative percent
ax = Higher speed
in = Lower speed
Future Readings
CTRE. 2009. Traffic Studies Module 2: Spot Speed. Iowa State University. Institute for
Transportation
Link : http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/pubs/traffichandbook/2SpotSpeed.pdf (last accessed
L 24 Augsut 2015)
MassSAFE 2005. Spot Speed Study Workshop Instruction Manual. University of
Massachusetts, Amberst.
Link : http://bit.ly/massSAFEspotspeed (last accessed : 24 August 2015)
Roess, R. 2011. Traffic Engineering 4th Edition. New York. United States
Khisty, J; Mohammadi, J. 2012. Systems Engineering with Economics, Probability, and
Statistics 2nd Edition. Fort Lauderdale. J.Ross Publishing
WORKSHEET 1
Date :
Locations :
Duration :
Objective
Determine the spot speed of particular point of road segment and develop a cumulative speed
distribution curve
Equipment
1. Speed Gun
2. Survey Form
3. Stationary
Data Requirement
Procedures
Determine the location of the survey and determine the spot to shoot the vehicles
Stay in such a good position so that can see the upcoming vehicles clearly
Press the speed gun as the vehicles pass by to determine the speed of the vehicles
Write down the data collection in the worksheet
Data Processing
15 1 1 1%
18 2 3 3%
21 6 9 9%
24 12 21 21%
27 13 34 34%
50th
30 20 54 54%
33 18 72 72%
85th
36 14 86 86%
39 6 92 92%
42 6 98 98%
45 1 99 99%
48 1 100 100%
Determine the 50th and 85th percentile speed from the cumulative percent column
Where:
= Speed
= Percentile desired
in = Higher cumulative percent
ax = Lower cumulative percent
ax = Higher speed
in = Lower speed
Future Readings
CTRE. 2009. Traffic Studies Module 2: Spot Speed. Iowa State University. Institute for
Transportation
Link : http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/pubs/traffichandbook/2SpotSpeed.pdf (last accessed
: 24 Augsut 2015)
MassSAFE 2005. Spot Speed Study Workshop Instruction Manual. University of
Massachusetts, Amberst.
Link : http://bit.ly/massSAFEspotspeed (last accessed : 24 August 2015)
Roess, R. 2011. Traffic Engineering 4th Edition. New York. United States
Khisty, J; Mohammadi, J. 2012. Systems Engineering with Economics, Probability, and
Statistics 2nd Edition. Fort Lauderdale. J.Ross Publishing
WORKSHEET 1
Date :
Locations :
Duration :
Objective
Determine the capacity and the performance (Level of Service) of particular road segment based on
Highway Capacity Manual 2010
Equipment
1. Counter
2. Survey Form
3. Stopwatch
4. Stationary
5. Measuring Tape
Data Requirement
Determine the location of the survey and determine the spot to count the upcoming vehicles
Stay in such a good position so that can see the upcoming vehicles clearly
Count or record every passing vehicle based on vehicles classification (motorcycle, passenger
car, heavy vehicles)
Do the counting process until the specified duration (15 or 30 minutes)
Data Processing
Where,
FFS = FFS of basic freeway segment (mi/h)
fLW = adjustment for lane width (mi/h)
fLC = adjustment for left-side lateral clearance (mi/h)
TRD = total ramp density
Select FFS curve based on the FFS calculation before (exhibit 11-3)
Adjust demand volume by consider adjustment factor for heavy vehicles
Where,
vp = demand flow rate under equivalent base conditions (pc/h/ln)
V = demand volume under prevailing conditions (ve/h)
PHF = peak hour factor
N = number of lanes in analysis direction
fHV = adjustment factor for presence of heavy vehicles in traffic stream
fp = adjustment factor for unfamiliar driver population
Where,
fHV = heacy-vehicle adjustment factor
Pt = proportion of trucks and buses in traffic stream
PR = proportion of RV in traffic stream
Et = passenger-car equivalent (PCE) of one truck or bus in traffic stream
Er = PCE of one RV in traffic stream
Estimate speed and density
D = Density (pc/mi/ln)
vp = demand flow rate (pc/h/ln)
S = mean speed of traffic stream under based conditions (mi/h)
Determine LoS
Future Readings
CTRE. 2009. Traffic Studies Module 3: Traffic Volume Count. Iowa State University. Institute
for Transportation
Link : www.ctre.iastate.edu/pubs/traffichandbook/3trafficcounts.pdf (last accessed: 24 August
2015)
Leduc, Guillaume. 2008. Road Traffic Data: Collection Methods and Applications. European
Commission. Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies
Link: ftp.jrc.es/EURdoc/JRC47967.TN.pdf (last accessed: 24 August 2015)
Transportation Research Board. 2010. Highway Capacity Manual Volume 2 : Uninterrupted
Flow. TRB. Washington DC
WORKSHEET 2
TRAFFIC COUNTING
Time :
Date/Month/Year :
Weather :
From :
To :
Location :
Surveyor :
Passenger Public
15 Small Bus (Elf,
Time Car, Jeep, Transportation, Big Buses Truck (2 as) Truck (3 as) Motorcycle Unmotorized
mins Colt, L-300)
Pick up Minibus
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Total
Module 4
Objective
Determine the capacity and the performance (Level of Service) of particular road segment based on
Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) 1997
Equipment
1. Counter
2. Survey Form
3. Stopwatch
4. Stationary
5. Measuring Tape
Data Requirement
Determine the location of the survey and determine the spot to count the upcoming vehicles
Stay in such a good position so that can see the upcoming vehicles clearly
Count or record every passing vehicle based on vehicles classification (motorcycle, passenger
car, heavy vehicles)
Do the counting process until the specified duration (15 or 30 minutes)
Data Processing
Classify vehicles into 3 group (Light Vehicles, Heavy Vehicles, and Motorcycle)
Count the number of vehicle based on the result of the survey
Count the traffic flow (Q) and the capacity (C)
Q = QLV + (QHV x pceHV) + (QMC x pceMC)
C = Co x FCW x FCSP x FCSF x FCCS
Where,
C = Capacity (pcph)
Co = base capacity (pcph)
FCW = Adjustment factor for wide road
FCSP = Adjustment factor for separation direction (only for undivided roads)
FCSF = Adjustment factor for side barriers and roadside
FCCS = Adjustment factor for city size
Determine degree of saturation (DS)
DS = Q/C
Determine the Level of Service (LoS0 of the road
Compare the result with LoS from previous survey
Future Readings
CTRE. 2009. Traffic Studies Module 3: Traffic Volume Count. Iowa State University. Institute
for Transportation
Link : www.ctre.iastate.edu/pubs/traffichandbook/3trafficcounts.pdf (last accessed: 24 August
2015)
Leduc, Guillaume. 2008. Road Traffic Data: Collection Methods and Applications. European
Commission. Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies
Link: ftp.jrc.es/EURdoc/JRC47967.TN.pdf (last accessed: 24 August 2015)
SWEROAD and PT Bina Marga. 1997. Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia. Jakarta. Direktorat
Jenderal Bina Marga
WORKSHEET 2
TRAFFIC COUNTING
Time :
Date/Month/Year :
Weather :
From :
To :
Location :
Surveyor :
Passenger Public
15 Small Bus (Elf,
Time Car, Jeep, Transportation, Big Buses Truck (2 as) Truck (3 as) Motorcycle Unmotorized
mins Colt, L-300)
Pick up Minibus
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Total
Module 5
Travel Time
Objective
To evaluate the traffic movement quality along a route and to determine the location type, and length
of traffic
Equipment
1. Test Vehicles
2. Stopwatch
3. Survey Form
4. Stationery
Data Requirement
Procedures
Marked the start and end point of the road that observed
Activate the stopwatch to record the travel time
Write and record for every check point in accordance with operational criteria
Record the duration of the stop using stopwatch, the location, time, and the reason of obstacles
See and count the vehicles that pass (P), oppose (M), and Overtake (O)
Switch off the stopwatch and write down the total travel time from starting point to end point
Data Processing
Future Readings
Roess, R. 2011. Traffic Engineering 4th Edition. New York. United States
Parking Study
Objective
To evaluate the characteristics of an existing parking area to determine the demand and supply of the
parking area
Equipment
1. Stopwatch
2. Survey Form
3. Stationary
Data Requirement
Data Processing
Where,
TR = Parking Turnover (veh/slot/hr)
Nt = Number of total vehicles during survey period (veh)
S = Number of parking slot
Ts = Duration of analysis/survey (hr)
Category Example
Low Turnover All-day parking
Medium Turnover Parking duration between 2-12 hours
(apartment and hotel)
High Turnover Short term parking duration (Department
Store)
Turnover Rate
API = Average Parking Duration x Parking Index
Determine Parking Level of Service (LOS) by calculate Volume to Capacity Ratio (V/C Ratio)
Parking Volume
V/C Ratio = Dynamic Capacity
Future Readings
Iitb.vlab.co.in. 2011. Parking Analysis. NME ICT Initiative of MHRD (Licensing Terms)
Link : iitb.vlab.co.in/?sub=42&brch=132&sim=466&cnt=1 (last accessed: 24 August 2015)
Abubakar, I. 1998. Pedoman Perencanaan dan pengoperasian Fasilitas Parkir. Jakarta.
Direktorat Bina Sistem Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Kota Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan
Oppenlander, J; Box. P. 1976. Manual of Traffic Engineering Studies 4 th Edition. Washington
DC. Institute of Transportation Engneering Washington DC
WORKSHEET 4
PARKING STUDY
Date :
Day :
Starting Time :
Location :