SECTION 1

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

This section designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard
written English. There are two types of questions in this section, with special directions for each type.

Directions : questions 1 20 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words
or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter inside the
oval cannot be seen.

Example I

.are found in virtually every country in the world

(A) Swamps and marshes which

(B) When swamps and marshes
(C) Swamps and marshes
(D) Now that swamps and marshes

The sentence should read, swamps and marshes are found in virtually every country in the world
therefore, you should choose answer (C).

Example II

Milk is pasteurized by heating it for thirty minutes at about 63 centigrade, rapidly cooling it, and then
it at a temperature below 10 centigrade.

(A) To store
(B) Store
(C) Be stored
(D) Storing

The sentence should read, Milk is pasteurized by heating it for thirty minutes at about 63 centigrade,
rapidly cooling it, and then storing it at a temperature below 10 centigrade. therefore, you should
choose answer (D).

Now begin work on the questions.

1. Since it was established in 1976, the body shop..into a chain of more than 2000 shops
around the world.
(A) developing
(B) has developed
(C) developed
(D) its development
2. Research findings show that women appear..some kinds of pain more keenly than men do.
(A) feeling
(B) they feel
(C) to feel
(D) have feelings
3. , the Buginese of the southwestern peninsula of Sulawesi were the greatest seafarers of
the Indonesian archipelago.
(A) Known as far as
(B) As known as far
(C) Knowing as far
(D) As far as is known
4. Exotic handicrafts Indonesia..at the trade fair in Singapore attracted the interests of
hundreds of visitors
(A) exhibited
(B) which exhibited
(C) exhibiting
(D) its exhibition
5. Marketing does not only focuson sales promotion,..distribution of the goods to the
customers.
(A) yet it involves
(B) but also involves
(C) so that it involves
(D) but involving also
6. It is not surprising that scientists and entrepreneurs are looking hard at the prospect of.as
an alternative source of energy.
(A) using algae
(B) its use of algae
(C) to use algae
(D) algae being used
7. psychologists recommend that parents monitor.on TV and discuss what it is about.
(A) what do their children watch
(B) which their children are watching
(C) what their children watch
(D) whether the children are watching
8. Several studies show that regular exercise may alsofor certain cancers, particularly breast
and colon cancer
(A) a lower risk
(B) lower the risk
(C) the risk is lower
(D) to lower the risk
9. A sudden change in temperature may have caused the cracks in lunar rocks, but..possibility is
that they may have been struck by meteors.
(A) other
(B) others
(C) another
(D) other one
10. Dorothy Parker,in the early twentieth century, was known for her witty but cynical
observation of life.
(A) as she was a famous writer
(B) was a famous writer
(C) she was a famous writer
(D) a famous writer
11. A decrease or absence of physical exerciseproduction of synovial
(A) to reduce
(B) reducing
(C) reduces
(D) reduce
12. Peter Otoole,the great actor of Lawrence of Arabia, was contemporary of Richzrd Burton,..he
performed with in several Hollywood blockbusters.
(A) who
(B) whose
(C) whom
(D) to whom
13. In the Indonesian archipelago, forming a part of what is known as the Pacific Ring of Fire
(A) to be found a sting of active volcanoes
(B) is found a sting of active volcanoes
(C) founding a sting of active volcanoes
(D) a sting of active volcanoes is found
14. Approv ed for use in 1963,as a tranquilizer fordozens of ailments ranging from insomnia to
severe stress.
(A) the use of Valium
(B) people were taking Valium
(C) Valium was prescribed
(D) Doctors prescribed Valium
15. Psychologists have long observed that women and men perform certain physical actions in different
ways,.the carrying of books.
(A) one example of which is
(B) which is one example
(C) which example is one
(D) of which is one example

Directions : In questions 16 40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four
underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). identify the one underlined word or
phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct. Then, on your
answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the
answer you have chosen.

Example I
Meadowlarks are about the same size than robions,
A B
but have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills.
C D

Than sentence should read Meadowlarks are about the same size than robions, but have heavier
bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills. There fore, you should choose answer (B)

Example II
When overall exports exceed imports, a country said to have a trade surplus.
A B C D

Than sentence shouldread, When overall exports exceed imports, a country said to have a trade
surplus. There fore, you should choose answer (C)

16. On July 16, 1969, the spacecraft Appollo 11 lounched as the first manned mission to the moon.
A B C D
17. Agrobusiness is important to a develoving country as it absorbs agricultural surpluses and reduces
A B C
dependent on food imports.
D
18. Satellites, which are often the size of a small truck, take years to build at a cost that may exceed $ 10
A B C
Billions.
D
19. Because of the heart muscle will contract forcefully and frequently if a person exercises, it increases
A B C
blood flow through the arteries.

20. Taking the busway to use the popular term in Jakarta would be not only faster to get to your
A B
destination, but also more economic than driving your own car.
C D
21. Alzheimers disease is an illness that robs their victims memory, personality, and finally all cognitive
A B C D
function.

22. Students they study in the library should refrain from chatting with friends in order not to disturb
A B C
the concentration of others.
D
23. The Nobel laureate Dr. Linius Pauling believes that regular intake of vitamin C is best way to protect
A B C
us against colds.
D
24. There is great concern that the millions of tourist visiting Niagara Falls every year would
A B
inadvertently destroy this natural scenic beauty.
C D
25. Although the Nile crocodile is not an endangered species, it is alarming that the number of
A B
nest sites along the Nile river have decreased by a third in a decade.
C D
26. To study the human brain, neuro-biologist Andrew G. Gallop discovered that yawning cooled
A B
brain cells, making them function more efficiently.
C D
27. Records of past climatic cycles are not as reliable or detailed like those develoved now.
A B C D
28. In the 19 th century, warehouses were using platfrorms that could be elevate to transport goods to
A B
a higher level , inspiring Elisha Otis to bluid the elevator we are using today.
C D
29. A facilitator is a person whom is chosen to ensure that a business meeting is carried out in a
A B D
businesslike and efficient way.
E
30. The Netherlands have reversed the decline of bicycle use through program provide extensive bicycle
A B C D
paths and bicycle parking in the city.

31. Despite of air-conditioners keep cool air flowing inside a closed living or work environment, they
A B C
pose many potential health hazards.
D
32. A comparative study of the diet of fishermen and farmers in Japan shows the link between the
A B C
consumption of fish oil and their benefits to the human heart.
D
33. The disappearance of forests due to illegal logging and to irresponsible clearing of forest land for
A B C
many purpose has contributed to the rise of CO2 nearing dangerous levels.
D
34. The more ice cubes you put in your drink, less quickly it will melt, so the better it will chill your drink.
A B C D
35. Globish is the term used for the worlds new language evolving from a basic, simplified version
A B
of Englisg mixing with the mother tongues of nation around the world.
C D
36. If you fail to finish a piece of work within the time you have scheduled, you should be more realist in
A B C D
your planning next time.

37. One of the most remarkably events of the last half century was the dramatic influx of women into
A B C D
the paid labor force.

38. Victims of burglary and violence may be traumatized by what they have experienced, and this can
A B
often to make them feel anxious and insecure.
C D
39. Even though you may think that hydroponics is a relatively new idea, the process probably
A B
originates in ancient times.
C D
40. Many research conducted on carcinogenesis in animals may also provide data on differences in
A B C D
human susceptibility.