PPD/IPD Elements Set 2
All bodies above absolute zero emit
**Please prepare for a very short 300 item
exam on Friday.
1. One of the reasons for insulating the
pipes is:
ANS: Heat loss from the surface is
minimized
2. The rate of radiant energy, that is
emitted by a surface at any
temperature and in small wavelengths
is found from the known rate of energy,
that under the same conditions will be
emitted from a black surface, by
multiplying with the absorptivity. The
above enunciation is called:
ANS: Kirchhoffs law
3. Which is generally used to measure the
temperature inside the furnace?
ANS: Optical Pyrometer
4. All heat transfer processes involves:
ANS: Temperature difference between
the bodies
5. What is thermal diffusivity?
ANS: A physical property of the
material
6. What is the unit of thermal diffusivity?
ANS: m2/hr
7. Non-isotropic conductivity is shown by?
ANS: Wood
8. For glass wool thermal conductivity
changes from sample to sample due
changes in:
ANS: Structure, density and
composition
9. What is the SI unit of thermal
conductivity?
ANS: W/m-K
10. What is the value of the Prandtl
number for air?
ANS: 0.7
11.
radiation is according to what theory?
ANS: Prevost theory
12. Thermal conductivity of wood depends
on?
ANS: Moisture, Temperature and
Density
13. A fur coat on an animal will help the
animal to remain:
ANS: warm in winter
14. The nature of flow of a fluid inside a
tube, whether it is turbulent or laminar,
can be ascertained by:
ANS: Reynolds number
15. What mode of heat transfer is the
Stefan-Boltzmann law applicable?
ANS: Radiation
16. At all wave lengths and temperatures
the monochromatic emissivity of a
white body is equal to?
ANS: Zero
17. The statement that the emissivity and
absorptivity of a surface is surface is
surrounded by its own temperature are
the same for both monochromatic and
total radiation called:
ANS: Kirchhoffs law
18. A reservoir that supplies energy in the
form of heat is called:
ANS: Source
19. Flow of hot and cold fluids alternately
over a surface occurs in what type of
heat exchanger?
ANS: Regenerator
20. Least value of Prandtl number can be
expected in case of ______________.
ANS: Liquid metals
21. The boiling point of a solution is a
linear function of water at the same
pressure. This statement is called:
ANS: Dubrings rule
22. These are provided in heat exchangers
to avoid deformation of tubes because
of thermal expansion.
ANS: Floating heads
23. What do you call the first stage of
crystal formation?
ANS: Nucleation
24. Dritus Boelter equation can be applied
in case of fluids flowing in:
ANS: Turbulent region
25. A correction of LMTD is essential in case
of:
ANS: Cross flow heat exchanger
26. Which of the following is used as
entrainer in acetic acid-water
separation?
ANS: Butyl acetate
27. A type of radiation consisting of singly
charged particles that generate to
intermediate distances.
ANS: Beta radiation
28. An electrically charged atom or radical
which carries electricity through an
electrolyte is called:
ANS: Ion
29. The energy of a body that can be
transmitted in the form of heat.
ANS: Thermal Energy
30. In an isometric process, the heat
transferred is equal to:
ANS: Change in internal energy
31. A substance that is able to absorb
liquids or gases and is used for
removing them from a given medium or
region.
ANS: Absorbent
32. Radiant heat transfer is described by:
ANS: Kirchhoffs law
33. A reservoir that absorbs energy in the
form of heat is called __________.
ANS: Sink
34. When the entire heat exchanger is
selected as control volume, heat
becomes __________.
ANS: Zero
35. Heat is conducted in the direction of:
ANS: Decreasing temperature
36. The heat transfer term in the first law of
thermodynamics is due to:
ANS: Conduction, convection and
radiation
37. All heat transfer processes require a
medium of energy exchange except:
ANS: Radiation
38. Thermal conduction is described by:
ANS: Fouriers law
39. Convection is described by what law?
ANS: Newtons law
40. Radiation heat transfer is described by:
ANS: Kirchhoffs law
41. The equivalent of ratio of emissive
power to absorptivity for bodies in
thermal equilibrium is described by:
ANS: Kirchhoffs law
42. The temperature potential between
temperature at the two ends of a heat
exchanger are given by:
ANS: LMTD
43. Transfer heat from one fluid to another
is a function of:
ANS: Heat exchanger
44. Exchange heat to increase energy to the
flow is a function of:
ANS: Superheater
45. What is the series of processes that
eventually bring the system back to its
original condition?
ANS: Cycle
46. A theoretical body which when heated
to incandescence would emit a
continuous light-ray spectrum.
ANS: Black body
47. What is the reason for insulating the
pipes?
ANS: Heat loss from the surface is
minimized
48. Heat transfer due to density
differential:
ANS: Convection
49. The passing of heat energy from
molecule to molecule through a
substance:
ANS: Conduction
50. The radiant heat transfer depends on:
ANS: Heat rays
51. What kind of heat exchanger where
water is heated to a point that
dissolved gases are liberated?
ANS: Deaerator
52. Heat transfer processes which include a
change of phase of a fluid are
considered ________.
ANS: Convection
53. A hot block is cooled by blowing cool air
over its top surface. The heat that is
first transferred to the air layer close to
the block is by conduction. It is
eventually carried away from the
surface by _________.
ANS: Convection
54. A body that is hot compared to its
surroundings illuminates more energy
than it receivers, while its surrounding
absorbs more energy than they give.
The heat is transferred from one to
another by energy wave motion. What
is this mode of heat transfer?
ANS: Radiation
55. Which requires the greatest amount of
heat per kilogram for a given increase in
temperature?
ANS: Water
56. What do you call the effectiveness of a
body as a thermal radiator at a given
temperature?
ANS: Emissivity
57. The natural direction of the heat flow
between two reservoirs is dependent
on:
ANS: Temperature difference
58. Why are metals good conductors of
heat?
ANS: They contain free electrons.
59. In natural convection, a heated portion
of a fluid moves because __________ is
less than that of the surroundings.
ANS: Density
60. In order to emit electromagnetic
radiation, an object must be at a what
temperature?
ANS: Above 0K
61. The rate at which an object radiates
electromagnetic energy does not
depend on its:
ANS: Mass
62. The vaporization of a solid without first
becoming liquid refers to:
ANS: Sublimation
63. In the process of freeze drying, ice goes
directly into water vapor. What is the
temperature at which this process can
take place?
ANS: Below the triple point of water
64. What happen when a vapor condenses
into a liquid?
ANS: It evolves heat.
65. In a cooling tower, the water is cooled
mainly by:
ANS: Evaporation
66. How do you classify a body that has an
emissivity factor of 0.7?
ANS: Gray body
67. At what particular condition that no
more heat can be removed from a
 substance and the temperature can no transfer through cylindrical wall in the
longer be lowered? radial direction is expressed in what
ANS: Absolute zero function?
68. What refers to the heat transfer ANS: Logarithmic
wherein the heat is transferred from 78. The law which states that the ratio of
one point to another by actual the emissive powers to absorptivities
movement of substance? are equal when the two bodies are in
ANS: Convection thermal equilibrium is known as:
69. The ratio of the radiation of actual body ANS: Kirchhoffs Law of Radiation
to the radiation of a blackbody is known 79. It refers to the ratio of the internal
as _________. thermal resistance of a solid to the
ANS: Emittance boundary layer thermal resistance or
70. What is the usual geometric view factor external resistance of the body.
for a black body? ANS: Biot number
ANS: One 80. It refers to the ratio of the rate of heat
71. What happens to the heat transferred transferred by conduction to the rate of
radially across insulated pipe per unit energy stored.
area? ANS: Fourier number
ANS: Decrease from pipe wall to 81. A hot block is cooled by blowing cool air
insulated surface over its top surface. The heat that is
72. What do you call a change of phase first transferred to the air layer close to
directly from vapor to solid without the block is by conduction. It is
passing through the liquid state? eventually carried away from the
ANS: Deposition surface by:
73. What is the Stefan-Boltzmann ANS: Convection
constant? 82. It is the term used to describe the
ANS: 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4 energy of a body that can be
74. What is the usual value of transmissivity transmitted in the form of heat.
for opaque materials? ANS: Thermal energy
ANS: 0 83. The mechanism of heat transfer in
75. A body whose emissivity is less than 1 is which there is no medium required for
known as a real body. What is the other the heat energy to travel is:
term for real body? ANS: Radiation
ANS: Gray body 84. What refers to a form of energy
76. What refers to an ideal body that associated with the kinetic random
absorbs all of the radiant energy that motion of large numbers of molecules?
intrudes on it and also emits the ANS: Heat
maximum possible energy when acting 85. How much is the part of light that is
as a source? absorbed by the body that transmits
ANS: Black body and reflects 80% and 10% respectively?
77. The thermal resistance for one- ANS: 10%
dimensional steady conduction heat
86. In convection heat transfer, what 95. What heat exchange device provides
happens to the heat transfer coefficient heat transfer between the exhaust
if the viscosity of the fluid increases? gases and air prior to the entrance of a
ANS: Decreases combustor?
87. How do you call a phenomenon ANS: Regenerator
wherein the heat is transferred by 96. What transfer of heat is involved in the
motion of fluid under the action of changing of boiling water to vapor at
mechanical device? the same temperature?
ANS: Forced convection ANS: Convection
88. In conduction heat transfer, what 97. What is known as the science of low
happens to the heat transfer per unit temperatures?
time when the thermal conductivity ANS: Cryogenics
decreases? 98. What thermal state of the body
ANS: Decrease considered as reference to
89. What is the driving force in heat communicate heat to the other bodies?
transfer? ANS: Temperature
ANS: Temperature gradient 99. The true mean temperature difference
90. What is the measure of the relative is also known as:
effectiveness of momentum and energy ANS: LMTD
transport by diffusion in the velocity 100. What is the geometric view
and thermal boundary layer? factor of a gray body?
ANS: Prandtl number ANS: Greater than zero but less than
91. What is the property of the solid that one
provides the measure of the rate of
heat transfer to the energy storage?
ANS: Thermal diffusivity
92. In convection heat transfer, what
happens to the heat transfer coefficient
if the viscosity of the fluid decreases?
ANS: Increase
93. What do you call theoretical body
where absorptivity and emissivity are
independent of the wavelength over
the spectral region of the irradiation
and the surface emission?
ANS: Transparent body
94. What is the structure designed to
prevent the spread of fire having a fire
resistance rating of not less than four
hours?
ANS: Fire wall