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WeldingTheDIYGuide>MMATutorial>MMAElectrodeClassification

MMAElectrodeClassification

Somerodsperformbestwhenuseddownhand.Somealsoperformwelloutofpositionievertical
upwards,overhead,verticaldownwards,horizontal.TheAWSclassification(ieE6013orE7018)doesn't
reallycaterforthis,however,theISOstandarddoes.Thispagedecodestheclassificationusedforthe
morecommonrodtypes.

AWSStandard

RodsarecommonlyknownbytheirAWS(AmericanWeldingSociety)name,soit'sausefulstandardto
decode.We'lluseE7018rodsasanexample:

Electrode
E
EjustmeanstheelectrodeisforMMAweldingandhasafluxcoating.

TensileStrength(inksi)
70
Theminimumtensilestrengthmeasuredinkilopounds(force)persquareinch.Inour
example70ksiwouldbe70,000psipounds(force)persquareinch,or480N/mm2.

WeldingPositions
1 1 AllPositions

2 Flatandhorizontalpositions

8
FluxCoatingandCurrent

Notethelast2digitsareusedtogethertodescribethefluxcoating.

0 Highcellulosesodium(Cellulosic) DC+

1 Highcellulosepotassium ACorDC+orDC

2 Hightitaniasodium(Rutile) ACorDC

3 Hightitaniapotassium(Rutile) ACorDC+

4 Ironpowdertitania(Rutile) ACorDCorDC+

5 Lowhydrogensodium DC+

6 Lowhydrogenpotassium(Basic) ACorDC+

7 Ironpowderironoxide ACorDC+orDC

8 Ironpowderlowhydrogen(Basic) ACorDC+
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 Ifthesecondlastnumber(representingtheweldingpositionis2theclassificationchangesa
little.Fromthelast2digits:

20 Highironoxide ACorDC+orDC

22 Highironoxide ACorDC

1SO2560Standard

TheEuropeancodingsystemhasrecentlybeenamendedandisnowanInternationalStandard1SO
2560whichisbasicallythesameasEN499.

TheISOstandardgivesyoumoreinformationespeciallythelasttwodigitssignifyingtheoperation
characteristics.Butitdoesn'trolloffthetonguequitesoeasilyastheAWSclassification.

IntheISOstandardE7018rodsareknownasE464B32H5

Electrode
E
EjustmeanstheelectrodeisforMMAweldingandhasafluxcoating.

YieldStrength(inN/mm2)

Multiplythisnumberby10fortheminimumyieldstrengthinN/mm2.Inourexample46will
representaminimumyieldstrengthof460N/mm2

ThisisnotdirectlyequivalenttothetensilestrengthintheAWSstandard.YieldStrengthis
wherethemetalstartstodeformplastically(whenitdoesn'tspringbacktoit'soriginalform
aftertheloadisreleased).TensileStrengthiswhenthemetalbreaks.

YieldStrength(N/mm 2 ) TensileStrength(N/mm 2 )
46

35 >355 440570

38 >380 470600

42 >420 500640

46 >460 530680

50 >500 560720

4
MinimumImpactTemperatureat46J

Thisrepresentsthetemperatureatwhichtheweldmaterialbecomesbrittle.

A +20C 4 40C

O 0C 5 50C

2 20C 6 60C

3 30C Z Other
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 So6represents60degreesC.

ChemicalComposition

Thereisanadditionalfieldincludedhereforsomespecialistrodsandrepresentsthe
percentageofManganese(Mn),Nickel(Ni)andMolybdenum(Mo)inthefillermetal.

%Mn %Ni %Mo

2.0

Mo 1.4 0.30.6

MnMo >1.42.0 0.30.6

1Ni 1.4 0.61.2

2Ni 1.4 1.82.6

3Ni 1.4 >2.63.8

Mn1Ni >1.42.0 0.60.12

1NiMo 1.4 0.81.2 0.30.6

Z Other

1NiMomaybeusedforsomeofthelowerstrengthgradesofWeldox.Otherwisethese
alloyedgradesarenormallyusedforweldingmildsteelthathasbeen"improved"for
applicationssuchasoffshorework.

RodFluxCoating
A Acid RC RutileCellulosic(E6013)
Atypeofrutilecharacterisedby Mostrutilescontainsomecellulosetoimprove
verysmootharcbutwithminimal thepenetration,otherwisethesameasR.
penetrationandpronetomoisture
pickup.goodonverythinsheet

C Cellulosic(E6010) RA RutileAcid
Anorganiccoatingcontaining HybridbetweenAcidtypeandfullRutile.
Cellulosewithgoodpenetration, Rarelyused,ifever.
highdeposition,andeasilyremoved
B slag,buthighhydrogencontent.

R Rutile(E6013)
Inweldingrodcoatingsitprovides
slagcover,arcstability(itionizes
easily)andhelpsthefastfreeze
abilityofpositionalrods.
RB RutileBasic
Anotherhybrid.arutilewithbettermechaicals
butlosesomeoftheireaseofwelding
characteristic.Someoftheglassyslaglow
hydrogenrodscouldbeclassedasRBor
maybeBR.

RR Rutilethickcoated(E7024)
Rutilerodswiththeadditionofiron
powderwhichincreasesdeposition
rate.Normallyonlyusedontheflat.
B Basic(E7018orE7016)
Thesechemicallybasic(alkali)coatings
containcalciumcarbonateorcalciumfluoride.
TheyarenormallyusedforLowHydrogen
rods.

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 3
CurrentTypeandRecovery

'Recovery'istheweightofweldmetaldepositedintheweldrelativetotheweightofthe
corewire.Over100%meansthattheweldwillweighmorethantheweightofthecorewire.
Inotherwordsthecoatingcontainsironpowder(orinsomerodsotheralloys).

Recovery CurrentType

1 AC+DC
<105
2 DCOnly

3 AC+DC
105125
4 DCOnly

5 AC+DC
125160
6 DCOnly

7 AC+DC
>160
8 DCOnly

WeldingPositions
1 Allpositions

2 Allpositionsexceptverticaldown
2
3 Flat.Forfilletweldstheycanalsobeusedinhorizontalandverticalpositions.

4 Flatbuttandfilletwelds

5 VerticalDown

Hydrogencontent

Furtherinformationattheend(usedinlowHydrogenrods)givestheHydrogencontentin
ml/100g.
H5
H5 5ml/100gmaximum

H10 10ml/100gmaximum

H15 15ml/100gmaximum

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