NATIONAL JUNIOR COLLEGE

SENIOR HIGH 1 PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATIONS

Higher 2

MATHEMATICS 9758
29 September 2016
3 hours

Additional Materials: Answer Paper

List of Formulae (MF26)
Cover Sheet

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, registration number, subject tutorial group, on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for diagrams or graphs.
Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required to
present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in the brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 6 printed pages.

National Junior College

Page 1 of 6 [Turn_over
1 In basketball, points are scored by a successful free throw or a field goal. A successful free
throw is worth 1 point while a field goal is worth either 2 or 3 points. An attempt can either
be a free throw attempt or a field goal attempt.

In the recently concluded basketball season, Stephen had 1695 attempts in total. 60% of these
attempts were successful and he scored a total of 1917 points. 40% of his successful free
throws and 25% of his field goal points were scored during the second half of the season,
where Stephen scored a total of 534 points.

Calculate the number of 2-point field goals during the season. [5]

2 A cylinder is inscribed in a cone as shown in the diagram below. The cone has a height of 8 cm
and a fixed radius of R cm. The cylinder has a radius of x cm and a height of h cm.

Show that the volume of the cylinder is maximised when x kR , where k is a constant to be
determined. [5]

3 x 2 3 x 22
3 A curve C has equation y .
x2 x 2

(i) Sketch the curve C, labelling any points where C crosses the x- and y- axes, the
coordinates of the turning point and the equations of the asymptotes. [3]
(ii) State the range of values of x for which C is concave downwards. [1]

Hence, solve the inequality

3 x 2 3 x 22

e x2 x 2
x2. [2]

Page 2 of 6 [Turn_over
4 y

y f (x)

y 3
3 2
,
2 3
x

O (3, 0) (7,0)

x 2 x 4
The diagram above shows the curve y f x . The curve crosses the x-axis at
(0,0) ,

3 2
(3, 0) and (7,0). It has a turning point at , and the lines y 3 , x 2 and x 4 are
2 3
asymptotes to the curve.
Sketch, on separate diagrams, the graphs of

(i) y 1 f x , [3]
(ii) y f (x ) . [3]
Label clearly the coordinates of any turning points, the equations of any asymptotes and the
points where the graphs intersect the axes where appropriate.

5 Relative to the origin O, the points A, B and C have position vectors given respectively by
2i 4j + 3k, 3i +2j k and (2 + p)i + (1 2p)j + pk, where p is real.

(a) Determine the angle AOB. [2]

(b) Find the values of p for which OC = AB. [2]

(c) The point Q is on AB produced such that AB: BQ is 2:7. Find the position vector of the

point Q and the unit vector in the direction of OQ . Leave your answers in exact form.
[3]

r2 n n
6 Prove by the method of differences that ln ln 2 ln . [3]
r 2 r 1 r 1 n 1

r2
Hence, find the least value of integer k such that ln
r 1 r 1
0.01 . [5]
r k

Page 3 of 6 [Turn_over
7 The diagram below shows a shaded region which is bounded by the curve C with equation
4 2
y sec x tan3 x and the line L with equation y x.

y L

x
O

(i) Verify that the point , 2 lies on both C and L. [1]
4
(ii) Find the exact volume of the solid generated by revolving the shaded region about the x-
1
axis through 2 . Express your answer in the form
42
a 2 b , where a and b are
integers. [6]

8 In a chemical laboratory, the amount of substance X in a chemical reaction is being measured.

The mass of substance X, in g at any time t minutes after the start of the chemical reaction is
denoted by x and it satisfies the differential equation
dx
1 x2 .
dt
The mass of substance X is 1.5 g at the start of the chemical reaction.

(i) Find the particular solution, obtaining an expression for x in terms of t. [5]

(ii) What happens to the amount of substance X in the long run? [1]

(iii) Sketch a graph to show how the amount of substance X varies with time, labelling the
point where the graph intersects the axis and the equation of the asymptote. [2]

9 The functions f and g are defined by

f:x 3 2x , for x , 0 x 2,
g:x cos x , for x , 1 x 2.
4

(i) Sketch the graph of y f ( x ) and state the exact range of f. [3]
(ii) Find g 1 ( x ) and write down the exact domain and range of g 1 . [4]
(iii) Show that the composite function fg 1 exists and find the range of fg 1 . [4]

Page 4 of 6 [Turn_over
10 (a) John owes the bank $20 000 on 1 January 2016. The bank offers him two types of
financial schemes to repay his debt.

Scheme 1: At the start of every month, interest is added to the amount he owes at a
fixed rate of 0.4% of the outstanding amount. At the end of every month, John
makes a payment of $500.
Scheme 2: At the start of every month, a fixed interest of $75 is charged to the amount
he owes. At the end of every month, John makes a payment of $500.

(i) If John were to take up Scheme 1, show that the amount of money he would owe
the bank at the end of the nth month is

125000 1050001.004n . [3]

(ii) John wants to pay off his debt in the shortest time. Which scheme should he take
up? Justify your choice. [4]

(b) The sum of the first 30 terms of an arithmetic progression with a non-zero common
difference is 300. Given that the first, third and thirteenth terms of the arithmetic
progression are consecutive terms of a geometric progression, find the first term and
common difference of the arithmetic progression, and determine whether the sum to
infinity of the geometric progression exists. [4]

11 The curve C has parametric equations

x t et , y 2t , for t .
(i) Sketch C, labelling any intersections between C and the axes. [3]

2
(ii) Show that the tangent to the curve at t 1 , denoted by l, has equation y x. [3]
1 e
1
w 1 e w dw .
(iii) Find the exact value of
1

Hence, find the exact area bounded by the curve C, the lines l and x 1 e 1 . [8]

Page 5 of 6 [Turn_over


12 A Lorenz curve is given by

y L x , where 0 x 1 and 0 y 1 .

y represents the proportion of a countrys total wealth that is owned by the poorest 100x% of
the countrys population in terms of wealth.
2
C is a Lorenz curve with equation L1 x sin 1 x .

(a) Find the percentage of total wealth owned by the poorest 20% of the population. [2]

(b) A power series is used to approximate L1 x .

(i) Find the series expansion of L1 x up to and including the term in x3 . [4]
(ii) Hence, find the range of values of x such that the error of approximating L1 x

using its series expansion in part (b) (i) is less than or equal to 0.005. [3]

(c) The information in the Lorenz curve is often summarised as an index to measure the
distribution of wealth in a population. This index is called the Gini Index.
y

1
yx C

A
B

x
O 1

With reference to the diagram above, the Gini Index for C is defined as follows.

Let A be the area of the region bounded by the line y x and C . Let B be the area of the
region bounded by C , the x-axis and the line x 1 .

The Gini Index for C is evaluated as A .

A B
(i) Find the Gini Index for C, correct to 3 significant figures. [2]

(ii) Explain whether populations with the same Gini Index must have the same Lorenz
curve. [1]

--- END OF PAPER ---

Page 6 of 6 *
Suggested Solution to 2016 SH1 H2 Mathematics Term 4 Promotional
Examination with Marking Scheme
1 Let x represent the number of successful free throws.
Let y represent the number of 2-point field goals.
Let z represent the number of 3-point field goals.

x y z 0.6(1695)
x 2 y 3 z 1917
0.4 x 0.25 2 y 3 z 534

Using GC to solve, x 365, y 404, z 248.

We have 404 successful 2-point field goals.
2 By similar triangles,
R 8

x 8h
8
8h x
R
8
h 8 x
R
8 x
V x 2 8 x 8x 2 1
R R
dV d x
8 x 2 1
dx dx R
x 1
16 x 1 8 x 2
R R
2 2
16 x 8 x
16 x
R R
2
24 x
16 x
R
24x 2
16x 0
R
24x
x 16 0
R
24x
16 since x 0
R
16
Rx
24
2
x R
3
dV2
d 24x 2 48x
2
16x 16
dx dx R R
2
When x R,
3
 d 2V 48 2
2
16 R 16 0
dr R 3
Stationary point is a maximum.

3(i) By long division,

3 x 2 3x 22
y
x2 x 2
16
3
x 1 x 2

(0, 11)

( 0.5, 10.1)

y=3

x=2 x =1
3(ii) C concave downwards
x 2 or x 1
3 x 2 3 x 22
3x 2 3x 22
e x2 x 2
x2 ln x 2
x2 x 2
3 x 2 3 x 22
Using GC, the graphs of y and
x2 x 2
y ln x 2 intersect at x 21.425 .

From the graph, x 21.4

4(i)

y 1 f x

3 5 y 4
,
2 3
0, 1
x
O

x 4 x 2

y
4(ii)

(1.5,0)
x
O
5(a) 2 3

4 2
3 1 5
cos =
3 (2) 1 29 14
2
2 (4) (3)
2 2 2 2 2

104.4 or 1.82
5(b) OC = AB
2 p 3 2

1 2 p 2 4
p 1 3

2 p 1

1 2 p 6
p 4

2 p 1 2 p
2 2
p 2 1 36 16
4 4 p p 2 1 4 p 4 p 2 p 2 53
6 p 2 48
p 2 2 or p 2 2

5(c) Using Ratio Theorem,

2OQ 7OA
OB
9
3 2 13
1 1
OQ 9 2 7 4 46
2 2
1 3 30

Unit vector parallel to OQ
13
1
46
2
30
1
132 462 302
2
13
1
46
3185
30
6 n r2
ln
r 2 r 1 r 1
n
ln r 1 2 ln r ln r 1
r 2

ln1 2 ln 2 ln 3
ln 2 2 ln 3 ln 4
ln 3 2 ln 4 ln 5
...
ln n 3 2 ln n 2 ln n 1
ln n 2 2 ln n 1 ln n
ln n 1 2 ln n ln n 1
ln1 ln 2 ln n ln n 1
n
ln 2 ln
n 1
Alternatively,
n r2
ln
r 2 r 1 r 1
n
r r 1
ln ln
r 2 r 1 r
2 3
ln ln
1 2
3 4
ln ln
2 3
...
n 1 n
ln ln
n2 n 1
n n 1
ln ln
n 1 n
n 1
ln 2 ln
n
n
ln 2 ln
n 1
6 r2
ln 0.01
r k r 1 r 1
r2 k 1 r2
ln ln 0.01
r 2 r 1 r 1 r 2 r 1 r 1
n n
As n , 1 , ln 0.
n 1 n 1
 k 1
ln 2 ln 2 ln 0.01
k

k 1
ln 0.01
k
k
ln 0.01
k 1
k
e0.01
k 1
k e0.01k e0.01
k 1 e0.01 e0.01
e0.01
k 100.5
1 e0.01
k 101
Thus, the least value of integer k is 101.

7(i)
sec tan 3 2
4 4
4 2
2
4
7(ii) Volume of solid vase (when area bounded by

y sec x tan x , the x-axis and x rotated completely
4
about the x-axis)

4 sec2 x tan 6 x dx
0

tan 7 x 4

7 0
1 7
tan tan 0
7 4


7
Volume of cone (when area bounded by y 4 2 x ,

the x-axis and x is rotated completely about the x-
4
1

2
axis) 2 4 2 6
3
Volume of solid when R is rotated around y 1
1
7 2 6 , where a 7, b 6 .
42
8(i) dx
1 x2
dt
1
1 x 2 dx 1dt
1 x
0.5ln t c
1 x
1 x
ln 2t 2c
1 x
1 x
e 2 c e 2t
1 x

1 x
Ae 2t where A e 2 c
1 x
2
1 Ae 2t
1 x
2
Ae 2 t 1
1 x
2
1 x
Ae 1
2t

2
x 1
1 Ae 2 t

When t 0, x 1.5 .
2
1.5 1 A 5
1 Ae 2(0)
2
Hence, x 1 .
1 5e 2t
8(ii) When t ,
2 2 2
0, 0,1 1.
1 5e 2t
1 5e 2t
1 5e 2t
In the long run, amount of X decreases to a limit of 1.
8(iii)
x
2
x 1
(0,1.5) 1 5e 2 t

x=1

t
O
9
(i)

R f [0,3]
(ii) x
Let y g( x) cos
4
x
cos 1 y
4
4
x cos 1 y

4
g 1 ( x) cos 1 x

1
Dg1 R g 0,
2
R g1 Dg 1, 2
(iii) R g 1 1, 2
Df 0, 2

Since R g 1 D f , the composite function fg 1 exists.

1
Dfg1 Dg1 R g 0,
2
1
Hence 0, 1, 2 0,1

2 g 1 f

R
g 1 fg1

D
g 1

10 For Scheme 1,
(a)
(i) total amount of money he owes the bank at the end of the nth
 month

1.004 ... 1.004 1.004 20000 500 500 ... 500
1.004n 20000 1.004 n 1 500 1.004 n 2 500 1.0041 500 500
1.004n 20000 500 1.004n 1 1.004n 2 1.0041 1
11.004n 1
1.004 20000 500
n

1.004 1

1.004n 20000 125000 1.004n 125000
125000 105000 1.004n
(a) For Scheme 2, total amount of money he owes the bank at the end of the
(ii) nth month
20000 500n 75n
20000 425n

20000 425n 0 n 47.059

John will take 48 months to pay off his debt under Scheme 2

For Scheme 1,
125000 1050001.004n 0 .
Using GC, n 43.675
John will have to take 44 months to pay off his debt under Scheme 1.

Scheme 1 will allow John to pay off his debt in the shorter time.

(b) Let a and d be the first term and common difference of the arithmetic
progression respectively.

30
2a 30 1 d 300
2
15 2a 29d 300
2a 29d 20 --- (1)

Given that the first, third and thirteenth terms of the arithmetic
progression are consecutive terms of a geometric progression, i.e.
a 2d a 12d

a a 2d
a 2d a 2 12ad
2

a 2 4ad 4d 2 a 2 12ad
4d 2 8ad 0
4 d d 2a 0
d 0 (rejected) or d 2a

Substitute d 2a into (1):

 1
60a 20 a
3
2
d 2a
3
a 2d
Common ratio of the geometric progression = 5
a
Since the common ratio is bigger than 1, the sum to infinity of the
geometric progression does not exist.

11(i)
y

x
O (1,0)
-1.13
When x = 0
0 t et
t 0.567143
y 2 0.567143 1.13
11(ii) Method 1
dx dy
1 et , 2
dt dt
dy 2

dx 1 et
dy 2
At t 1, x 1 e, y 2 ,
dx 1 e
Equation of tangent
y2 2

x 1 e 1 e
2 x 2 1 e
y2
1 e
2
y x
1 e
Method 2
y
x t et , y 2t t
2
y
y
x e2
2
dx d y y
1 1 2y
e e
2
dy dy 2 2 2
When t 1 , x 1 e, y 2
dx 1 1 22 1 e dy 2
e
dy 2 2 2 dx 1 e
 Equation of line:
y2 2

x 1 e 1 e
2
y x
1 e

11(iii) 1

w 1 e w dw
1

w we w dw
1

1 1
w2 1
we w e w dw
2 1
1
1

1 1
e e1 e w
1

2 2 1

e e1 e e1
2e1
y
x 1 e1

t 1
l
C
2

x
O 1 1+ e (t = 1)

2 -1.13

When x 1 e1 , t 1 .
Area of the bounded region
1 e
2

1
x dx 2t 1 et dt
1 e1 1 e 1

2 1e

1

1 e 1e 1
x dx 2 t 1 et dt
1

1 e
2 x2
2 2e1
1 e 2 1 e1
1 1 e
x 2 1 4e1
1 e 1 e

1
1 e 1 e1 4e1
2 2

1 e

1 e
1 e 1 2

4e1
1 e

12(a) When x 0.2 ,
2
L 0.2 sin 1 0.2 0.12819

Percentage owned by the poorest 20% is 12.8% (3 s.f.).
(b) (i) 2
y sin 1 x

dy 2 1

dx 1 x2
d2 y 2 x
3
dx2
1 x2 2
3 1
3
2
3 1 x 2 2
1 x2 2 2 x2
d y 2

1 x2
3
dx3
2 2
y 0 0; y 0 1 ; y 0 0; y3 0 1

2 1 3
y x x ...
6
2 1 3
x x ...
3
(b)(ii) 2 1 y 2 1 3
sin x x x 0.005
3
2 1 2 1 3
sin x x x 0.005 0
3

0.605

2 1 2 1 3
y sin x x x 0.005
3
By G.C., 0 x 0.605 (since x 0 ).

1 2
1
(c) (i)
Area of B sin x dx 0.363368
0

1/ 2 0.363368
Gini Index for C
1/ 2
0.273 (3sf)
(c) Since A B is always 0.5, the Gini Index is only dependent on the area under the
(ii) Lorenz curve. Different curves with the same limits can have equal area under it.