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7 RESULT
0 4.09 4.01
1 4.37 4.41
2 4.56 4.53
3 4.79 4.73
4 4.97 4.88
5 5.01 5.06
6 5.34 5.23
7 5.57 5.44
8 5.74 5.73
9 6.73 6.3
10 9.94 10.76
11 10.94 11.33
Titration 1 Titration 2
Table 2.8
2.8.1 Method 1
Determine the Ka value of unknown weak acid by titration curve with NaOH
Titration 1
[base]
pH pKa log
[acid]
At half-equivalence point,
[acid] [base]
pH pKa log(1)
pH pKa
When pH= 5,
pKa 5
Ka 10 -5 1 10 5
Titration 2
By using Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation,
[base]
pH pKa log
[acid]
At half-equivalence point,
[acid] [base]
pH pKa log(1)
pH pKa
When pH= 5,
pKa 5.1
Ka 10-5.1 7.94 10 6
2.8.2 Method 2
Based on this equation, 1 mol of unknown acid react with 1mol of NaOH solution
Titration 1
1L
9.8 mL NaOH 0.0098 L NaOH solution
1000 mL
1 mol x acid
9.8 10-4 mol NaOH 9.8 10- 4 mol x acid
1 mol NaOH
A - ( aq ) H 2 O(l ) HA(aq ) OH - (aq )
A- HA OH-
Initial (M) 0.04949 0 0
Change (M) -X +X +X
Equilibrium (M) 0.04949-X X X
X is [OH-] that can be obtain from pH at the equivalence point where pH= 9.2.
- log[H ]
10-14
pH
[OH ]
-
1.58 10 -5 M
] 10
[H[H ] -9.2
6.31 10 -10 M
X= [OH-]= 1.58x10-5 M
A- HA OH-
Initial (M) 0.04949 0 0
Change (M) -1.58x10-5 +1.58x10-5 +1.58x10-5
Equilibrium (M) 0.04949-(1.58x10-5) 1.58x10-5 1.58x10-5
[HA][OH-] (1.58 10 -5 ) 2
Kb 5.05 10-9
[A-] 0.04949 - (1.58 10-5 )
10 -14
Ka 1.98 10 -6
Kb
Titration 2
1L
9.6 mL NaOH 0.0096 L NaOH solution
1000 mL
1 mol x acid
9.6 10-4 mol NaOH 9.6 10-4 mol x acid
1 mol NaOH
A - ( aq) H 2 O(l ) HA(aq ) OH - (aq )
A- HA OH-
Initial (M) 0.04898 0 0
Change (M) -X +X +X
Equilibrium (M) 0.04898-X X X
X is [OH-] that can be obtain from pH at the equivalence point where pH= 9.2.
- log[H ]
10-14
pH
[OH - ]
1.58 10 -5 M
[H[H] 10
] -9.2
6.31 10 -10 M
X= [OH-]= 1.58x10-5 M
A- HA OH-
Initial (M) 0.04898 0 0
Change (M) -1.58x10-5 +1.58x10-5 +1.58x10-5
Equilibrium (M) 0.04898-(1.58x10-5) 1.58x10-5 1.58x10-5
[HA][OH-] (1.58 10 -5 ) 2
Kb 5.10 10 -9
[A-] 0.04898 - (1.58 10-5 )
10 -14
Ka 1.96 10 -6
Kb
By comparing from both method, Ka value of the unknown acid is nearest to that formic
acid of 3.91x10-6
error of method 2