2.

001 - MECHANICS AND MATERIALS I

Lecture #1
9/6/2006
Prof. Carol Livermore

A rst course in mechanics for understanding and designing complicated

systems.

PLAN FOR THE DAY:

1. Syllabus
2. Review vectors, forces, and moments
3. Equilibrium
4. Recitation sections
BASIC INGREDIENTS OF 2.001
1. Forces, Moments, and Equilibrium Statics (No acceleration)
2. Displacements, Deformations, Compatibility (How displacements t to-
gether)
3. Constitutive Laws: Relationships between forces and deformations

Use 2.001 to predict this problem.

HOW TO SOLVE A PROBLEM

RULES:

1. SI inits only.
2. Good sketches.
Labeled coordinate system.
 Labeled dimensions and forces.
3. Show your thought process.
4. Follow all conventions.
5. Solve everything symbolically until the end.
6. Check answer Does it make sense?
Check trends.
Check units.
7. Convert to SI, plug in to get answers.
VECTORS, FORCES, AND MOMENTS
Forces are vectors (Magnitude and Direction)

F = Fx i + Fy j + Fz k
OR

F = Fx i + Fy j + Fz k
Where do forces come from?
Contact with another object
Gravity
Attractive of repulsive forces
Moments are vectors. (Moment is another word for torque.)
Forces at a distance from a point
Couple
 Moments are vectors.
 = My j.
M

EX:

2D:

FB = FBx i + FBy j

 = rABx i + rABy j
rAB

MA = rAB
 FB =
= (rABx i + rABy j) (FBx i + FBy j)
= (rABx FBy rABy FBx )k
OR

   
   
MA  = |rAB
 | FB  sin using Right Hand Rule
3D:

 = rABx i + rABy j + rABz k

rAB
FB = FBx i + FBy j + FBz k

 FB = (rABx FBy rABy FBx )k+(rABz FBx rABx FBz )j+(rABy FBz rABz FBy )i
MA = rAB

3
EX: Wrench

 = dj
rAB
FB = FB i
MA = rAB
 FB = dj FB i = dFB k

Equations of Static Equilibrium

Fx = 0
F = 0 Fy = 0
Fz = 0
M0 x = 0
 0 = 0 M0 y = 0
M
M0 z = 0
 4

F = 0
i=1

F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 = 0

F1x + F2x + F3x + F4x = 0
F1y + F2y + F3y + F4y = 0
F1z + F2z + F3z + F4z = 0


o = 0
M

r01 F1 + r02 F2 + r03 F3 + r04 F4 = 0

a. Expand in i, j, k.
b. Group.
c. Get 3 equations (x,y,z).

Try a new point? Try A.

rA1 = rA0 + r01

...

MA = 0

rA1 F1 + rA2 F2 + rA3 F3 + rA4 F4 = 0

(rA0 + r01 ) F1 + (rA0 + r02 ) F2 + (rA0 + r03 ) F3 + (rA0 + r04 ) F4 = 0

rA0 (F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 ) + (r0 1 F1 + r0 2 F2 + r0 3 F3 + r0 4 F4 ) = 0
rA0 (F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 ) = 0

F = 0

(r0 1 F1 + r0 2 F2 + r0 3 F3 + r0 4 F4 ) = 0


0 = 0
M
So taking moment about a new point gives no additional info.