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Laboratory Report
1. Introduction 2. Theory
Work is defined as in, any motion; the This experiment is done in order to study
total work done on a particle by all forces the principles of work, power and energy. The
that act on it equals the change in its kinetic following equations are used to obtain the
energy a quantity that is related to the needed values for the experiment's activities.
particles speed. This relationship holds Force is a push or pull upon an object
even when the forces acting on the particle resulting from the object's interaction with
arent constant. another object represented in this equation:
You do work by exerting a force on a F = mg, where m the mass of an object and
body while that body moves from one place g as the acceleration due to gravity constant,
which is 9.80 m/s2.
to another, that is, undergoes a
An object is said to be in free fall if it is
displacement. You do more work if the force
falling under the sole influence of gravity
is greater or if the displacement is greater.
Potential energy is the energy that represented by the formula: ,
measures the potential, or possibility for where h is the actual vertical height, and t is
work to be done; when a hammerhead is the time when the free falling body hit the
raised into the air, there is a potential work ground from where it fell.
to be done on it by the gravitational force, Work is done when force acts on a body
only if it is allowed to fall to the ground. It is and there is a displacement of the point of
also defined as the energy associated with
position.
application in the direction of the force and pen was used) hit the floor from the full height
is denoted by the equation: of the stairs.
= , Afterwards, each members amount
where F is the force exerted on an object, of work (done by gravity) in both going up
and d is the displacement the object. and down the stairs were computed with the
Power is the rate at which work is done formula,
upon an object, denoted by the formula: ,
where W is the work output in Joules of each
, member, F is the force exerted and also
where W is the work done, and t is the time equal to the weight of each member, and d is
of travel. also equal to the vertical height of the stairs in
Initial and final energy of the object meters.
are represented by the equations: Then the power output of each
and , member of the group was determined with the
where m is the objects mass, and are formula,
the initial and final positions of the object
respectively, and and are the initial ,
and final velocity of the object respectively. where P is the power output in Watts of
Average energy is denoted by the each member, W is the work done in Joules
formula: + ), where is by each member, and t is the time of travel
the initial energy of the object while Ef is in seconds of each member in both going up
the final energy of it. and down the stairs.
Lastly, the percent difference can be Lastly, the most powerful member of
computed with the equation: the group was determined with the
comparison of the members power output.
X 100, where In the tossed ball activity, the
Eand Ef are the initial and final energy of mechanical energy of a plastic ball was
the object respectively, and is the determined through the Motion Detector-
average energy of the object. DIG/SONIC1 Channel.
,
The mass of the ball was determined
where h is the actual vertical height of the first using the electronic gram balance.
stairs in meters, and t is the time in seconds The motion detector which was
when the free falling body (in the activity, a placed on the floor was then connected to
the DIG/SONIC1 Channel of the computer + )
interface. and lastly, the percent difference was also
Then the ball was raised to a certain computed through the formula,
height directly over the motion detector. The
ball was then released and a graph using the
X 100 ,
Vernier Logger Pro software was produced. where the absolute value of the difference of
the final and initial energy over their
Figure 2. Position and Velocity versus average was multiplied by 100.
Time graph
4. Results and Discussion