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1C
OBJECTIVES.
Understand the concepts behind qualitative analysis and apply it in the experiment.
Understand which compounds react to the tests provided in order to come to a
conclusion regarding the identity of the unknown sample.
REAGENTS.
-Symptoms of
exposure to this
compound may
include irritation.
Ingestion may result
in mucous membrane
irritation. Eye contact
may cause immediate
pain and conjunctival
hyperemia, but no
serious injury.
ACUTE/CHRONIC
HAZARDS: This
compound may cause
local irritation. It may
also cause mucous
membrane irritation.
When heated to
decomposition it
emits acrid smoke
and fumes.(NTP,
1992)
Appearance: Clear, colorless INHALATION:
liquid vapor irritating to
eyes and mucous
Solubility: greater than or equal membranes; acts as
to 100 mg/mL at 72 deg F; 1000 an anesthetic in very
mg/mL at 25 deg C high concentrations.
INGESTION: low
Boiling Pt: 133 deg F at 760 mm order of toxicity but
Hg; 56.08 deg C very irritating to
mucous membranes.
Melting Pt: -137 deg F; -94.9 deg SKIN: prolonged
C excessive contact
causes defatting of
Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol the skin, possibly
leading to
dermatitis(USCG,
1999)
HIGHLY
FLAMMABLE: Will
acetone be easily ignited by
heat, sparks or
flames. Vapors may
form explosive
mixtures with air.
Vapors may travel to
source of ignition
and flash back. Most
vapors are heavier
than air. They will
spread along ground
and collect in low or
confined areas
(sewers, basements,
tanks). Vapor
explosion hazard
indoors, outdoors or
in sewers. Those
substances designated
with a (P) may
polymerize
explosively when
heated or involved in
a fire. Runoff to
sewer may create fire
or explosion hazard.
Containers may
explode when heated.
Many liquids are
lighter than water.
(ERG, 2016)
Appearance: Clear, colorless HIGHLY
liquid FLAMMABLE: Will
be easily ignited by
Solubility: 50 to 100 mg/mL at heat, sparks or
70 deg F; in water, 80 mg/mL at flames. Vapors may
25 deg C form explosive
mixtures with air.
Boiling Pt: 171 deg F at 760 mm Vapors may travel to
Hg; 77.1 deg C source of ignition
and flash back. Most
Melting Pt: -118.5 deg F; -83.8 vapors are heavier
deg C than air. They will
spread along ground
Molecular Weight: 88.106 g/mol and collect in low or
confined areas
(sewers, basements,
tanks). Vapor
ethyl acetate
explosion hazard
indoors, outdoors or
in sewers. Those
substances designated
with a (P) may
polymerize
explosively when
heated or involved in
a fire. Runoff to
sewer may create fire
or explosion hazard.
Containers may
explode when heated.
Many liquids are
lighter than
water.(ERG, 2016)
-Vapour/air mixtures
are explosive.
Heating will cause
rise in pressure with
risk of bursting.
benzaldehyde Appearance: Clear, colorless to HIGHLY
yellow liquid FLAMMABLE: Will
be easily ignited by
Solubility: less than 0.1 mg/mL heat, sparks or
at 67.1 deg F; in water, 6950 flames. Vapors may
mg/L at 25 deg C form explosive
mixtures with air.
Boiling Pt: 354 deg F at 760 mm Vapors may travel to
Hg; 178.7 deg C source of ignition
and flash back. Most
Melting Pt: -15 deg F; -57.12 deg vapors are heavier
C than air. They will
Molecular Weight: 106.124 spread along ground
g/mol and collect in low or
confined areas
(sewers, basements,
tanks). Vapor
explosion hazard
indoors, outdoors or
in sewers. Those
substances designated
with a (P) may
polymerize
explosively when
heated or involved in
a fire. Runoff to
sewer may create fire
or explosion hazard.
Containers may
explode when heated.
Many liquids are
lighter than
water.(ERG, 2016)
Appearance: Colorless or white -Concentrated
crystalline solid, becomes black solutions will
on exposure to light produce irritation,
ulceration, and
Solubility: greater than or equal discoloration of the
to 100 mg/mL at 61 deg F; 122 skin; also causes
G SOL in 100 CC Water severe irritation of
the eyes. Ingestion
silver nitrate Boiling Pt: 824 deg F at 760 mm will produce violent
Hg; 440 deg C abdominal pain and
other gastroenteric
Melting Pt: 414 deg F; 212 deg C symptoms.(USCG,
1999)
Molecular Weight: 169.872
g/mol -Behavior in Fire:
Increases
flammability of
combustibles.(USCG,
1999)
Boiling Pt:
PROCEDURE.
Figure 1. Solubility.
Figure 2: Ignition Test
SOURCES:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1140#section=Clinical-Laboratory-
Methods
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/8078
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6386
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/702
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/180
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/8857
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/240
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24470
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/944
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/516875
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24425
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24380
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6374
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3772977
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/14798