Aniline acetate test

The aniline acetate test is a chemical test to identify the presence of certain carbohydrates. These
carbohydrates may be converted (by hydrochloric acid) to furfural, which reacts with aniline acetate to produce
a bright pink color.

Procedure and mechanism

A dry sample is dissolved in a small volume of hydrochloric acid and briefly heated. A piece of paper,
previously impregnated with aniline acetate, is exposed to the vapor from the sample solution. A bright pink
color on the paper is positive for the presence of pentoses.

Furfural

Hydrochloric acid dehydrates pentoses (sugars containing five carbon atoms) to produce furfural. The reaction
of furfural and aniline produces a bright pink color. Hexoses, which are sugars which contain six carbons, are
not dehydrated to furfural, and so they do not produce a pink color.

Interferences

3-Furanaldehyde responds to the usual tests for aldehydes, but unlike 2-furanaldehyde it gives no color test
with aniline acetate.

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