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Philippine Supre me Court Jurisprude nce > Ye ar 2011 > June 2011 De cisions > [G.R. No. 16 8335 : June 06 ,
2011] REPUBLIC O F T HE PHILIPPINES, PET IT IO NER, VS. NEST O R GALANG, RESPO NDENT. :

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[G .R . N o . 16 8335 : June 06 , 2011]

R EPUB LIC O F T HE PHILIPPIN ES, PET IT IO N ER , VS. N EST O R G ALAN G , R ESPO N D EN T.

DECISIO N

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June-2011
[G.R. No. 17 9 558, June 01 : 2011] ASIAT RUST
DEVELO PMENT BANK, PET IT IO NER, VS. FIRST
AIKKA DEVELO PMENT, INC. AND UNIVAC
DEVELO PMENT, INC., RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. Nos. 16 9 359 - 6 1, June 01 : 2011]
MARCELO G. GANADEN, O SCAR B. MINA, JO SE
M. BAUT ISTA AND ERNEST O H. NARCISO , JR.
PET IT IO NERS, VS. HO NO RABLE O FFICE O F
T HE O MBUDSMAN AND RO BERT K. HUMIWAT,
RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 16 9 19 1, June 01 : 2011] RO MEO
VILLARUEL, PET IT IO NER, VS. YEO HAN GUAN,
DO ING BUSINESS UNDER T HE NAME AND
ST YLE YUHANS ENT ERPRISES, RESPO NDENT.
MEGAN SUGAR CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER,
VS. REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT O F ILO ILO ,
BRANCH 6 8, DUMANGAS, ILO ILO ; NEW
FRO NT IER SUGAR CO RPO RAT IO N AND
EQ UITABLE PCI BANK, RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 186 24 3, June 01 : 2011] HACIENDA
PRIMERA DEVELO PMENT CO RPO RAT IO N and
ANNA KAT RINA E. HERNANDEZ , Pe t it ione rs,
vs. MICHAEL S. VILLEGAS, Re sponde nt .
[G.R. No. 186 24 3, June 01 : 2011] HACIENDA
PRIMERA DEVELO PMENT CO RPO RAT IO N and
ANNA KAT RINA E. HERNANDEZ , Pe t it ione rs,
vs. MICHAEL S. VILLEGAS, Re sponde nt .
[G.R. No. 185230, June 01 : 2011] JO SEPH C.
CEREZ O ,PET IT IO NER, VS. PEO PLE O F T HE
PHILIPPINES, JULIET YANEZ A, PABLO ABUNDA,
JR., AND VICENT E AFULUGENCIA,
RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. Nos. 17 0500 & 17 0510- 11, June 01 :
2011] MARCELO G. GANADEN, O SCAR B. MINA,
JO SE M. BAUT ISTA AND ERNEST O H.
NARCISO , JR., PET IT IO NERS, VS. T HE
HO NO RABLE CO URT O F APPEALS, NAT IO NAL
T RANSMISSIO N CO MMISSIO N (T RANSCO ),
ALIPIO NO O L, FERMIN P. LANAG, SR., EUSEBIO
B. CO LLADO , JO SE S. T EJANO , NECIMIO A.
ABUZ O , ELISEO P. MART INEZ AND PERFECT O
LAZ ARO , RESPO NDENT S.
DECISIO N
B R IO N , J.:
We resolve the Petition for Review on Certiorari [1 ] filed by the Republic of the Philippines ( petitioner ),
challenging the decision [2 ] dated November 25, 2004 and the resolution [3] dated May 9, 2005 of the Court
of Appeals (CA) in CA- G.R. CV No. 70004. The challenged decision affirmed the decision [4 ] of the Regional
Trial Court (RTC ), Branch 62, Angeles City, declaring the marriage of Nestor Galang ( respondent) and Juvy
Salaz ar null and void on the ground of the latter's psychological incapacity. The assailed resolution denied
the petitioner's motion for reconsideration.
Ant e ce d e nt Fact s
On March 9, 1994, the respondent and Juvy contracted marriage in Pampanga. They resided in the house of
the respondent's father in San Francisco, Mabalacat, Pampanga. The respondent worked as an artist-
illustrator at the Clark Development Corporation, earning P8,500.00 monthly. Juvy, on the other hand, stayed
at home as a housewife. They have one child, Christopher.
On August 4, 1999, the respondent filed with the RTC a petition for the declaration of nullity of his marriage
with Juvy, under Article 36 of the Family Code, as amended. The case was docketed as Civil Case No. 9494.
He alleged that Juvy was psychologically incapacitated to exercise the essential obligations of marriage, as
she was a kleptomaniac and a swindler. He claimed that Juvy stole his ATM card and his parents' money,
and often asked money from their friends and relatives on the pretext that Christopher was confined in a
hospital. According to the respondent, Juvy suffers from " mental deficiency, innate immaturity, distorted
discernment and total lack of care, love and affection [towards him and their] child." He posited that Juvy's
incapacity was " extremely serious" and " appears to be incurable." [5 ]
The RTC ordered the city prosecutor to investigate if collusion existed between the parties. Prosecutor
Angelito I. Balderama formally manifested, on October 18, 1999, that he found no evidence of collusion
between the parties. The RTC set the case for trial in its Order of October 20, 1999. The respondent
presented testimonial and documentary evidence to substantiate his allegations.
In his testimony, the respondent alleged that he was the one who prepared their breakfast because Juvy did
not want to wake up early; Juvy often left their child to their neighbors' care; and Christopher almost got lost
in the market when Juvy brought him there. [6 ]
The respondent further stated that Juvy squandered the P15,000.00 he entrusted to her. He added that
Juvy stole his ATM card and falsified his signature to encash the check representing his (the respondent's)
father's pension. He, likewise, stated that he caught Juvy playing " mahjong" and " kuwaho" three (3) times.
Finally, he testified that Juvy borrowed money from their relatives on the pretense that their son was confined
in a hospital. [7]
Aside from his testimony, the respondent also presented Anna Liz a S. Guiang, a psychologist, who testified
that she conducted a psychological test on the respondent. According to her, she wrote Juvy a letter
requesting for an interview, but the latter did not respond. [8 ] In her Psychological Report, the psychologist
made the following findings:
Psychological Test conducted on client Nestor Galang resembles an emotionally- matured
individual. He is well- adjusted to the problem he meets, and enable to throw- off major
irritations but manifest[s] a very low frustration tolerance which means he has a little ability to
endure anxiety and the client manifests suppressed feelings and emotions which resulted to
unbearable emotional pain, depression and lack of self- esteem and gained emotional
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 unbearable emotional pain, depression and lack of self- esteem and gained emotional
[G.R. No. 18806 4 , June 01 : 2011] MILA A. tensions caused by his wife's behavior.
REYES , PET IT IO NER, VS. VICT O RIA T.
T UPARAN, RESPO NDENT. The incapacity of the defendant is manifested [in] such a manner that the defendant- wife: (1)
being very irresponsible and very laz y and doesn't manifest any sense of responsibility; (2)
[G.R. No. 186 4 6 5, June 01 : 2011] PEO PLE O F her involvement in gambling activities such as mahjong and kuwaho; (3) being an estafador
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS. which exhibits her behavioral and personality disorders; (4) her neglect and show no care
LO RIE VILLAHERMO SA Y LECO , ACCUSED- attitude towards her husband and child; (5) her immature and rigid behavior; (6) her lack of
APPELLANT. initiative to change and above all, the fact that she is unable to perform her marital obligations
as a loving, responsible and caring wife to her family. There are just few reasons to believe
[G.R. No. 1859 17 , June 01 : 2011] FREDCO
that the defendant is suffering from incapacitated mind and such incapacity appears to be
MANUFACT URING CO RPO RAT IO N,
incorrigible.
PET IT IO NER, VS. PRESIDENT AND FELLO WS
OF HARVARD CO LLEGE (HARVARD
UNIVERSIT Y), RESPO NDENT S. xxx

[G.R. No. 1806 83, June 01 : 2011] AURO RA L. The following incidents are the reasons why the couple separated:
T ECSO N, SPO USES JO SE L. T ECSO N AND
LEO NILA T ECSO N, PET IT IO NERS, VS.
MINERVA, MARIA, FRANCISCO , AGUST INA, 1. After the marriage took place, the incapacity of the defendant was manifested on such
JO SE, RO MUALDO , ELIZ ABET H AND VICT O R, occasions wherein the plaintiff was the one who prepared his breakfast, because the
ALL SURNAMED FAUST O , AND ISABEL VDA. DE defendant doesn't want to wake up early; this became the daily routine of the plaintiff
FAUST O , RESPO NDENT S. before reporting to work;
2. After reporting from work, the defendant was often out gambling, as usual, the plaintiff
[G.R. No. 16 7 050, June 01 : 2011] SO CIAL was the one cooking for supper while the defendant was very busy with her gambling
SECURIT Y CO MMISSIO N, PET IT IO NER, VS.
activities and never attended to her husband's needs;
RIZ AL PO ULT RY AND LIVEST O CK
3. There was an occasion wherein their son was lost in the public market because of the
ASSO CIAT IO N, INC., BSD AGRO INDUST RIAL
DEVELO PMENT CO RPO RAT IO N AND
irresponsible attitude of the defendant;
BENJAMIN SAN DIEGO , RESPO NDENT S. 4. That the defendant suffers from personality and behavioral disorders, there was an
occasion wherein the defendant [would] steal money from the plaintiff and use them for
[G.R. No. 16 16 51, June 01 : 2011] ELVIRA gambling;
LAT EO Y ELEAZ AR, FRANCISCO ELCA Y ARCAS, 5. Defendant, being an estafador had been manifested after their marriage took place,
AND BART O LO ME BALDEMO R Y MADRIGAL, wherein the defendant would come with stories so that people [would] feel pity on
PET IT IO NERS, VS. PEO PLE OF T HE her and give her money. Through false pretenses she [would] be able to deceive and
PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT. take money from neighbors, relatives and other people.
6. That the plaintiff convinced the defendant to stop her unhealthy lifestyle (gambling),
[G.R. No. 19 4 37 9 , June 01 : 2011] PEO PLE O F but the defendant never listened to his advices;
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
7. That the plaintiff was the one who [was] taking care of their son, when the plaintiff will
FELICIANO "SAYSO T " CIAS, ACCUSED-
leave for work, the defendant [would] entrust their son to their neighbor and go [to]
APPELLANT.
some place. This act reflects the incapacity of the defendant by being an irresponsible
[G.R. No. 17 319 8, June 01 : 2011] PEO PLE O F mother;
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS. 8. That the defendant took their son and left their conjugal home that resulted into the
DO LO RES O CDEN, ACCUSED- APPELLANT. couple's separation.

[G.R. No. 17 89 25, June 01 : 2011] MANUEL Psychological findings tend to confirm that the defendant suffers from personality and
YBIERNAS, VICENT E YBIERNAS, MARIA behavioral disorders. These disorders are manifested through her grave dependency on
CO RAZ O N ANGELES, VIO LETA YBIERNAS, AND gambling and stealing money. She doesn't manifest any sense of responsibility and loyalty
VALENT IN YBIERNAS, PET IT IO NERS, VS. and these disorders appear to be incorrigible.
EST ER TANCO - GABALDO N, MANILA BAY
SPINNING MILLS, INC., AND T HE SHERIFF O F The plaintiff tried to forget and forgive her about the incidents and start a new life again and
T HE REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT O F PASIG CIT Y, hoping she would change. Tried to get attention back by showing her with special care,
BRANCH 16 3, RESPO NDENT S.
treating her to places for a weekend vacation, cook[ing] her favorite food, but the defendant
didn't care to change, she did not prepare meals, wash clothes nor clean up. She neglected
[G.R. No. 17 9 6 7 5, June 01 : 2011] SPO USES
JUANIT O MAHUSAY AND FRANCISCA
her duties and failed to perform the basic obligations as a wife.
MAHUSAY,PET IT IO NERS, VS. B.E. SAN DIEGO ,

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MAHUSAY,PET IT IO NERS, VS. B.E. SAN DIEGO ,
INC., RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 154 7 04 , June 01 : 2011] NELLIE VDA.
DE FO RMO SO AND HER CHILDREN, NAMELY,
MA. T HERESA FO RMO SO - PESCADO R, RO GER
FO RMO SO , MARY JANE FO RMO SO , BERNARD
FO RMO SO AND PRIMIT IVO MALCABA,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. PHILIPPINE NAT IO NAL
BANK, FRANCISCO ARCE, AT T Y. BENJAMIN
BARBERO , AND RO BERT O NAVARRO ,
RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 19 39 02, June 01 : 2011] AT T Y.
MARIET TA D. Z AMO RANO S, PET IT IO NER, VS.
PEO PLE O F T HE PHILIPPINES AND SAMSO N R.
PACASUM, SR., RESPO NDENT S. [G.R. NO .
1 9 39 0 8 ] AT T Y. MARIET TA D. Z AMO RANO S,
PET IT IO NER, VS. SAMSO N R. PACASUM, SR.,
R ESPO N D EN T . [G.R. NO . 19 4 07 5] SAMSO N R.
PACASUM, SR., PET IT IO NER, VS. AT T Y.
MARIET TA D. Z AMO RANO S, RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 19 16 18, June 01 : 2011] AT T Y.
RO MULO B. MACALINTAL, PET IT IO NER, VS.
PRESIDENT IAL ELECT O RAL T RIBUNAL,
RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 17 0251, June 01 : 2011] CELIA S.
VDA. DE HERRERA, PET IT IO NER, VS. EMELITA
BERNARDO , EVELYN BERNARDO AS
GUARDIAN O F ERLYN, CRISLYN AND CRISANT O
BERNARDO ,* RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 127 851, June 02 : 2011] CO RO NA
INT ERNAT IO NAL, INC., PET IT IO NER, VS. T HE
CO URT O F APPEALS AND T HE PHILIPPINE
CO CO NUT AUT HO RIT Y, RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. Nos. 17 87 01 and 17 87 54 , June 06 :
2 0 11 ] Z AFIRO L. RESPICIO , PET IT IO NER, VS.
PEO PLE O F T HE PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 185211, June 06 : 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. ARNEL
BENTACAN NAVARRET E, APPELLANT.
[G.R. No. 19 0107 , June 06 : 2011] JAPRL
DEVELO PMENT CO RP., PET ER RAFAEL C.
LIMSO N AND JO SE UY ARO LLADO ,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. SECURIT Y BANK
CO RPO RAT IO N, RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 16 8382, June 06 : 2011] AIRLINE
PILO T S ASSO CIAT IO N O F T HE PHILIPPINES,
PET IT IO NER, VS. PHILIPPINE AIRLINES, INC.,
RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 19 0515, June 06 : 2011] CIRT EK
So in the view of the above- mentioned psychological findings, it is my humble opinion that
there is sufficient reason to believe that the defendant wife is psychologically incapacitated to
perform her marital duties as a wife and mother to their only son.[9 ]
T he R T C R uling
The RTC nullified the parties' marriage in its decision of January 22, 2001. The trial court saw merit in the
testimonies of the respondent and the psychologist, and concluded that:
After a careful perusal of the evidence in the instant case and there being no controverting
evidence, this Court is convinced that as held in Santos case, the psychological incapacity of
respondent to comply with the essential marital obligations of his marriage with petitioner,
which Dr. Gerardo Veloso said can be characteriz ed by (a) gravity because the subject cannot
carry out the normal and ordinary duties of marriage and family shouldered by any average
couple existing under ordinary circumstances of life and work; (b) antecedence, because the
root cause of the trouble can be traced to the history of the subject before marriage although
its overt manifestations appear over after the wedding; and (c) incurability, if treatments
required exceed the ordinary means or subject, or involve time and expense beyond the
reach of the subject - are all obtaining in this case.
xxxx
WHEREFORE, premises considered, the instant petition is granted and the marriage between
petitioner and defendant is hereby declared null and void pursuant to Article 36 of the
Family Code of the Philippines. [1 0 ]
T he C A D e cisio n
The petitioner, through the Office of the Solicitor General, appealed the RTC decision to the CA. The CA, in its
decision dated November 25, 2004, affirmed the RTC decision in toto.
The CA held that Juvy was psychologically incapacitated to perform the essential marital obligations. It
explained that Juvy's indolence and lack of sense of responsibility, coupled with her acts of gambling and
swindling, undermined her capacity to comply with her marital obligations. In addition, the psychologist
characteriz ed Juvy's condition to be permanent, incurable and existing at the time of the celebration of her
marriage with the respondent. [11 ]
The petitioner moved to reconsider this Decision, but the CA denied his motion in its resolution dated May 9,
2005. [1 2 ]
T he Pe t it io n and t he Issue s
The petitioner claims in the present petition that the totality of the evidence presented by the respondent was
insufficient to establish Juvy's psychological incapacity to perform her essential marital obligations. The
petitioner additionally argues that the respondent failed to show the juridical antecedence, gravity, and
incurability of Juvy's condition. [1 3] The respondent took the exact opposite view.
The issue boils down to whether there is basis to nullify the respondent's marriage to Juvy on the ground that
at the time of the celebration of the marriage, Juvy suffered from psychological incapacity that prevented her
from complying with her essential marital obligations.
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 [G.R. No. 19 0515, June 06 : 2011] CIRT EK
EMPLO YEES LABO R UNIO N- FEDERAT IO N O F
FREE WO RKERS PET IT IO NER, VS. CIRT EK T he C o urt ' s R uling
ELECT RO NICS, INC., RESPO NDENT.
After due consideration, we resolve to g r a nt the petition, and hold that no sufficient basis exists to
[G.R. No. 16 0506 , June 06 : 2011] JO EB M. annul the marriage on the ground of psychological incapacity under the terms of Article 36 of the Family
ALIVIADO , ART HUR CO RPUZ , ERIC ALIVIADO , Code.
MO NCHIT O AMPELO Q UIO , ABRAHAM
BASMAYO R, JO NAT HAN MAT EO , LO RENZ O
Art icle 36 o f t he Family C o d e
PLAT O N, JO SE FERNANDO GUT IERREZ ,
ESTANISLAO BUENAVENT URA, LO PE
and R e lat e d Jurisp rud e nce
SALO NGA, FRANZ DAVID, NEST O R IGNACIO ,
JULIO REY, RUBEN MARQ UEZ , JR., MAXIMINO Article 36 of the Family Code provides that " a marriage contracted by any party who, at the time of the
PASCUAL, ERNEST O CALANAO , RO LANDO celebration, was psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential marital obligations of marriage,
RO MASANTA, RHUEL AGO O , BO NIFACIO shall likewise be void even if such incapacity becomes manifest only after its solemniz ation." [1 4 ]
O RT EGA, ARSENIO SO RIANO , JR., ARNEL
ENDAYA, RO BERT O ENRIQ UEZ , NEST O R
BAQ UILA, EDGARDO Q UIAMBAO , SANT O S
In Leouel Santos v. Court of Appeals, et al. , [1 5 ] the Court first declared that psychological incapacity must be
BACALSO , SAMSO N BASCO , ALADINO characteriz ed by (a) g ravit y; (b) jurid ical ant e ce d e nce ; and (c) incurab ilit y. The defect should refer to
GREGO RO , JR., EDWIN GARCIA, ARMANDO " no less than a mental (not physical) incapacity that causes a party to be truly incognitive of the basic marital
VILLAR, EMIL TAWAT, MARIO P. LIO NGSO N, covenants that concomitantly must be assumed and discharged by the parties to the marriage." It must be
CRESENT E J. GARCIA, FERNANDO confined to " the most serious cases of personality disorders clearly demonstrative of an utter insensitivity or
MACABENT E, MELECIO CASAPAO , REYNALDO inability to give meaning and significance to the marriage." [1 6 ] We laid down more definitive guidelines in the
JACABAN, FERDINAND SALVO , ALSTANDO interpretation and application of Article 36 of the Family Code in Republic of the Philippines v. Court of Appeals
MO NT O S, RAINER N. SALVADO R, RAMIL
REYES, PEDRO G. RO Y, LEO NARDO P. and Roridel Olaviano Molina, whose salient points are footnoted below. [1 7] These guidelines incorporate the
TALLEDO , ENRIQ UE F. TALLEDO , WILLIE O RT IZ , basic requirements we established in Santos. [1 8 ]
ERNEST O SO YO SA, RO MEO VASQ UEZ , JO EL
BILLO NES, ALLAN BALTAZ AR, NO LI GABUYO ,
In Brenda B. Marcos v. Wilson G. Marcos, [1 9 ] we further clarified that it is not absolutely necessary to introduce
EMMANUEL E. LABAN, RAMIR E. PIAT, RAUL
expert opinion in a petition under Article 36 of the Family Code if the totality of evidence shows that
DULAY, TADEO DURAN, JO SEPH BANICO ,
ALBERT LEYNES, ANT O NIO DACUNA, RENAT O
psychological incapacity exists and its gravity, juridical antecedence, and incurability can be duly
DELA CRUZ , RO MEO VIERNES, JR., ELAIS established. Thereafter, the Court promulgated A.M. No. 02- 11- 10- SC (Rule on Declaration of Absolute Nullity
BASEO , WILFREDO T O RRES, MELCHO R of Void Marriages and Annulment of Voidable Marriages) [2 0 ] which provided that " the complete facts should
CARDANO , MARIANO NARANIAN, JO HN allege the physical manifestations, if any, as are indicative of psychological incapacity at the time of the
SUMERGIDO , RO BERT O RO SALES, GERRY C. celebration of the marriage but expert opinion need not be alleged."
GAT PO , GERMAN N. GUEVARRA, GILBERT Y.
MIRANDA, RO DO LFO C. T O LEDO , ARNO LD D.
LAST O NA, PHILIP M. LO Z A, MARIO N. Our 2009 ruling in Edward Kenneth Ngo Te v. Rowena Ong Gutierrez Yu-Te [2 1 ] placed some cloud in the
CULDAYO N, O RLANDO P. JIMENEZ , FRED P. continued applicability of the time- tested Molina [2 2 ] guidelines. We stated in this case that instead of serving
JIMENEZ , REST IT UT O C. PAMINT UAN, JR., as a guideline, Molina unintentionally became a straightjacket; it forced all cases involving psychological
RO LANDO J. DE ANDRES, ART UZ BUST ENERA, incapacity to fit into and be bound by it. This is contrary to the intention of the law, since no psychological
RO BERT O B. CRUZ , RO SEDY O . YO RDAN, incapacity case can be considered as completely on " all fours" with another.
DENNIS DACASIN, ALEJANDRINO ABAT O N,
AND O RLANDO S. BALANGUE, PET IT IO NERS,
VS. PRO CT ER & GAMBLE PHILS., INC., AND
Benjamin G. Ting v. Carmen M. Velez-Ting [2 3] and Jocelyn M. Suazo v. Angelito Suazo, [2 4 ] however, laid to rest any
PRO MM- GEM INC., RESPO NDENT S. question regarding the continued applicability of Molina. [2 5 ] In these cases, we clarified that Ngo Te [2 6 ] did
not abandon Molina. [2 7] Far from abandoning Molina, [2 8 ] Ngo Te [2 9 ] simply suggested the relaxation of its
[G.R. No. 16 527 9 , June 07 : 2011] DR. RUBI LI,
PET IT IO NER, VS. SPO USES REYNALDO AND
stringent requirements. We also explained that Suazo [30 ] that Ngo Te [31 ] merely stands for a more flexible
LINA SO LIMAN, AS PARENT S/HEIRS OF approach in considering petitions for declaration of nullity of marriages based on psychological incapacity.
DECEASED ANGELICA SO LIMAN, [32 ]
RESPO NDENT S.
T he Pre se nt C ase
[A.M. No. 10- 10- 4 - SC, June 07 : 2011] RE:
LET T ER O F T HE UP LAW FACULT Y ENT IT LED In the present case and using the above guidelines, we find the totality of the respondent's evidence - the
REST O RING INT EGRIT Y: A STAT EMENT BY testimonies of the respondent and the psychologist, and the latter's psychological report and evaluation -
T HE FACULT Y O F T HE UNIVERSIT Y O F T HE insufficient to prove Juvy's psychological incapacity pursuant to Article 36 of the Family Code.
PHILIPPINES CO LLEGE O F LAW O N T HE

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ALLEGAT IO NS OF PLAGIARISM AND
MISREPRESENTAT IO N IN T HE SUPREME
CO URT
[G.R. No. 19 0259 , June 07 : 2011] DAT U
Z ALDY UY AMPAT UAN, ANSARUDDIN ADIO NG,
REGIE SAHALI- GENERALE PET IT IO NERS, VS.
HO N. RO NALDO PUNO , IN HIS CAPACIT Y AS
SECRETARY O F T HE DEPART MENT OF
INT ERIO R AND LO CAL GO VERNMENT AND
ALT ER- EGO OF PRESIDENT GLO RIA
MACAPAGAL- ARRO YO , AND ANYO NE ACT ING
IN HIS ST EAD AND O N BEHALF O F T HE
PRESIDENT O F T HE PHILIPPINES, ARMED
FO RCES O F T HE PHILIPPINES (AFP), O R ANY
O F T HEIR UNIT S O PERAT ING IN T HE
AUT O NO MO US REGIO N IN MUSLIM MINDANAO
(ARMM), AND PHILIPPINE NAT IO NAL PO LICE,
O R ANY O F T HEIR UNIT S O PERAT ING IN
ARMM, RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 17 7 130, June 07 : 2011] HO N.
EDUARDO ERMITA IN HIS O FFICIAL CAPACIT Y
AS T HE EXECUT IVE SECRETARY, PET IT IO NER,
VS. HO N. JENNY LIND R. ALDECO A- DELO RINO ,
PRESIDING JUDGE, BRANCH 137 , REGIO NAL
T RIAL CO URT, MAKAT I CIT Y, ASSO CIAT IO N O F
PET RO CHEMICAL MANUFACT URERS O F T HE
PHILIPPINES, REPRESENT ING JG SUMMIT
PET RO CHEMICAL CO RPO RAT IO N, ET AL.,
RESPO NDENT S.
[A.M. No. P- 10- 2835 (Forme rly A.M. O CA IPI
No. 08- 29 01- P), June 08 : 2011] DEVELO PMENT
BANK O F T HE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENT ED BY
AT T Y. BENILDA A. T EJADA, CHIEF LEGAL
CO UNSEL, CO MPLAINANT, VS. CLERK O F
CO URT VII AT T Y. JEO FFREY S. JO AQ UINO ,
O FFICE O F T HE CLERK O F CO URT, AND
SHERIFF IV CO NSTANCIO V. ALIMURUNG,
BRANCH 18, BO T H O F T HE REGIO NAL T RIAL
CO URT, CEBU CIT Y,RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 19 24 6 5, June 08 : 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. ANGELIT O
ESQ UIBEL Y JESUS, APPELLANT.
[G.R. No. 17 057 5, June 08 : 2011] SPO USES
MANUEL AND FLO RENT INA DEL RO SARIO ,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. GERRY RO XAS
FO UNDAT IO N, INC., RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 1857 17 , June 08 : 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
GARRY DE LA CRUZ Y DELA CRUZ , ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.
[G.R. No. 17 9 6 7 3, June 08 : 2011] NAT IVIDAD
a. T he re sp o nd e nt ' s t e st imo ny
The respondent's testimony merely showed that Juvy: (a) refused to wake up early to prepare breakfast; (b)
left their child to the care of their neighbors when she went out of the house; (c) squandered a huge amount
of the P15,000.00 that the respondent entrusted to her; (d) stole the respondent's ATM card and attempted to
withdraw the money deposited in his account; (e) falsified the respondent's signature in order to encash a
check; (f) made up false stories in order to borrow money from their relatives; and (g) indulged in gambling.
These acts, to our mind, do not per se rise to the level of psychological incapacity that the law requires. We
stress that psychological incapacity must be more than just a " difficulty," " refusal" or " neglect" in the
performance of some marital obligations. In Republic of the Philippines v. Norma Cuison-Melgar, et al. , [33] we
ruled that it is not enough to prove that a spouse failed to meet his responsibility and duty as a married
person; it is essential thathe or she must be shown to be incap ab le of doing so b e cause o f so me
p sycho lo g ical, no t p hysical, illne ss. In other words, proof of a natal or supervening disabling factor in the
person - an adverse integral element in the personality structure that effectively incapacitates the person
from really accepting and thereby complying with the obligations essential to marriage - had to be shown.
[34 ] A cause has to be shown and linked with the manifestations of the psychological incapacity.
The respondent's testimony failed to show that Juvy's condition is a manifestation of a disordered personality
rooted in some incapacitating or debilitating psychological condition that rendered her unable to discharge
her essential marital obligation. In this light, the acts attributed to Juvy only showed indications of immaturity
and lack of sense of responsibility, resulting in nothing more than the d if f icult y, re f usal o r ne g le ct in the
performance of marital obligations. In Ricardo B. Toring v. Teresita M. Toring , [35 ] we emphasiz ed that
irreconcilable differences, sexual infidelity or perversion, emotional immaturity and irresponsibility, and the
like do not by themselves warrant a finding of psychological incapacity, as these may only be due to a
person's difficulty, refusal or neglect to undertake the obligations of marriage that is not rooted in some
psychological illness that Article 36 of the Family Code addresses.
In like manner, Juvy's acts of falsifying the respondent's signature to encash a check, of stealing the
respondent's ATM, and of squandering a huge portion of the P15,000.00 that the respondent entrusted to
her, while no doubt reprehensible, cannot automatically be equated with a psychological disorder, especially
when the evidence shows that these were mere isolated incidents and not recurring acts. Neither can Juvy's
penchant for playing mahjong and kuwaho for money, nor her act of soliciting money from relatives on the
pretext that her child was sick, warrant a conclusion that she suffered from a mental malady at the time of the
celebration of marriage that rendered her incapable of fulfilling her marital duties and obligations. The
respondent, in fact, admitted that Juvy engaged in these behaviors (gambling and what the respondent refers
to as " swindling" ) only t wo ( 2) ye ars af t e r t he ir marriag e , and after he let her handle his salary and
manage their finances. The evidence also shows that Juvy even tried to augment the family's income during
the early stages of their marriage by putting up a sari-sari store and by working as a manicurist.
b . T he Psycho lo g ist ' s R e p o rt
The submitted psychological report hardly helps the respondent's cause, as it glaringly failed to establish
that Juvy was psychologically incapacitated to perform her essential marital duties at the material time
required by Article 36 of the Family Code.
To begin with, the psychologist admitted in her report that she derived her conclusions exclusively from the
information given her by the respondent. Expectedly, the respondent's description of Juvy would contain a
considerable degree of bias; thus, a psychological evaluation based on this one- sided description alone can
hardly be considered as credible or sufficient. We are of course aware of our pronouncement in Marcos [36 ]
that the person sought to be declared psychologically incapacitated need not be examined by the
psychologist as a condition precedent to arrive at a conclusion. If the incapacity can be proven by
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 [G.R. No. 17 9 6 7 3, June 08 : 2011] NAT IVIDAD
STA. ANA VICT O RIA, PET IT IO NER, VS. independent means, no reason exists why such independent proof cannot be admitted to support a
REPUBLIC O F T HE PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT. conclusion of psychological incapacity, independently of a psychologist's examination and report. In this
case, however, no such independent evidence has ever been gathered and adduced. To be sure, evidence
[G.R. No. 17 19 7 2, June 08 : 2011] LUCIA from independent sources who intimately knew Juvy b e f o re and af t e r the celebration of her marriage would
RO DRIGUEZ AND PRUDENCIA RO DRIGUEZ , have made a lot of difference and could have added weight to the psychologist's report.
PET IT IO NERS, VS. T ERESITA V. SALVADO R,
RESPO NDENT. Separately from the lack of the requisite factual basis, the psychologist's report simply stressed Juvy's
negative traits which she considered manifestations of Juvy's psychological incapacity (e.g., laz iness,
[G.R. No. 17 84 09 , June 08 : 2011] YO LIT O
immaturity and irresponsibility; her involvement in swindling and gambling activities; and her lack of initiative
FADRIQ UELAN, ART URO EGUNA, ARMANDO
to change), and declared that " psychological findings tend to confirm that the defendant suffers from
MALALUAN, DANILO ALO NSO , RO MULO
DIMAANO , RO EL MAYUGA, WILFREDO RIZ ALDO ,
personality and behavioral disorders x x x she doesn't manifest any sense of responsibility and loyalty, and
RO MEO SUICO , DO MINGO ESCAMILLAS AND these disorders appear to be incorrigible." [37] In the end, the psychologist opined - without stating the
DO MINGO BAUT RO , PET IT IO NERS, VS. psychological basis for her conclusion - that " there is sufficient reason to believe that the defendant wife is
MO NT EREY FO O DS CO RPO RAT IO N, psychologically incapacitated to perform her marital duties as a wife and mother to their only son." [38 ]
R ESPO N D EN T . [G.R. NO . 17 84 34 ] MO NT EREY
FO O DS CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS.
We find this kind of conclusion and report grossly inadequate. First, we note that the psychologist did not
BUKLURAN NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA
MO NT EREY- ILAW AT BUKLO D NG
even identify the types of psychological tests which she administered on the respondent and the root cause
MANGGAGAWA, YO LIT O FADRIQ UELAN, of Juvy's psychological condition. We also stress that the acts alleged to have been committed by Juvy all
CARLIT O ABACAN, ART URO EGUNA, DANILO occurred during the marriage; there was no showing that any mental disorder existed at the inception of the
RO LLE, ALBERT O CAST ILLO , ARMANDO marriage. Second, the report failed to prove the gravity or severity of Juvy's alleged condition, specifically,
MALALUAN, DANILO ALFO NSO , RUBEN why and to what extent the disorder is serious, and how it incapacitated her to comply with her marital duties.
ALVAREZ , RO MULO DIMAANO , RO EL MAYUGA, Significantly, the report did not even categorically state the particular type of personality disorder found.
JUANIT O T ENO RIO , WILFREDO RIZ ALDO , Finally , the report failed to establish the incurability of Juvy's condition. The report's pronouncements that
JO HN ASO T IGUE, NEMESIO AGTAY, RO MEO
Juvy " lacks the initiative to change" and that her mental incapacity " appears incorrigible" [39 ] are insufficient
SUICO , DO MINGO ESCAMILLAS AND DO MINGO
to prove that her mental condition could not be treated, or if it were otherwise, the cure would be beyond her
BAUT RO , RESPO NDENT S.
means to undertake.
[G.R. No. 17 014 6 , June 08 : 2011] HO N.
WALDO Q . FLO RES, IN HIS CAPACIT Y AS c. T he Psycho lo g ist ' s Te st imo ny
SENIO R DEPUT Y EXECUT IVE SECRETARY IN
T HE O FFICE O F T HE PRESIDENT, HO N. The psychologist's court testimony fared no better in proving the juridical antecedence, gravity or incurability
ART HUR P. AUT EA, IN HIS CAPACIT Y AS of Juvy's alleged psychological defect as she merely reiterated what she wrote in her report - i.e., that Juvy
DEPUT Y EXECUT IVE SECRETARY IN T HE was laz y and irresponsible; played mahjong and kuhawo for money; stole money from the respondent;
O FFICE O F T HE PRESIDENT, AND T HE deceived people to borrow cash; and neglected her child - without linking these to an underlying
PRESIDENT IAL ANT I- GRAFT CO MMISSIO N psychological cause. Again, these allegations, even if true, all occurred during the marriage . The testimony was
(PAGC), PET IT IO NERS, VS. AT T Y. ANT O NIO F. totally devoid of any information or insight into Juvy's early life and associations, how she acted before and
MO NT EMAYO R, RESPO NDENT.
at the time of the marriage, and how the symptoms of a disordered personality developed. Simply put, the
psychologist failed to trace the history of Juvy's psychological condition and to relate it to an existing
[G.R. No. 17 5834 , June 08 : 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. RO SAURO
incapacity at the time of the celebration of the marriage.
ASET RE Y DURAN, APPELLANT.
She, likewise, failed to successfully prove the elements of gravity and incurability. In these respects, she
[G.R. No. 16 9 9 13, June 08 : 2011] HEIRS O F merely stated that despite the respondent's efforts to show love and affection, Juvy was hesitant to change.
DR. JO SE DELEST E, NAMELY: JO SEFA From this premise, she jumped to the conclusion that Juvy appeared to be incurable or incorrigible , and would be
DELEST E, JO SE RAY DELEST E, RAUL HECT O R very hard to cure . These unfounded conclusions cannot be equated with gravity or incurability that Article 36
DELEST E, AND RUBEN ALEX DELEST E, of the Family Code requires. To be declared clinically or medically incurable is one thing; to refuse or be
PET IT IO NERS, VS. LAND BANK O F T HE reluctant to change is another. To hark back to what we earlier discussed, psychological incapacity refers
PHILIPPINES (LBP), AS REPRESENT ED BY IT S only to the most serious cases of personality disorders clearly demonstrative of an utter insensitivity or
MANAGER, LAND VALUAT IO N O FFICE O F LBP
CO TABAT O CIT Y; T HE REGIO NAL DIRECT O R -
inability to give meaning and significance to the marriage. [4 0 ]
REGIO N 12 O F CO TABAT O CIT Y, T HE
SECRETARY O F T HE DEPART MENT OF The Constitution sets out a policy of protecting and strengthening the family as the basic social institution,
AGRARIAN REFO RM; T HE REGIO NAL and marriage is the foundation of the family. Marriage, as an inviolable institution protected by the State,
DIRECT O R O F REGIO N X - CAGAYAN DE O RO cannot be dissolved at the whim of the parties. In petitions for the declaration of nullity of marriage, the
CIT Y, REPRESENT ED BY MCMILLAN LUCMAN, burden of proof to show the nullity of marriage lies with the plaintiff. [4 1 ] Unless the evidence presented
IN HIS CAPACIT Y AS PRO VINCIAL AGRARIAN
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IN HIS CAPACIT Y AS PRO VINCIAL AGRARIAN clearly reveals a situation where the parties, or one of them, could not have validly entered into a marriage by
REFO RM O FFICER (PARO ) O F DAR LANAO DEL
reason of a grave and serious psychological illness existing at the time it was celebrated, we are compelled
NO RT E; LIZ A BALBERO NA, IN HER CAPACIT Y
AS DAR MUNICIPAL AGRARIAN REFO RM to uphold the indissolubility of the marital tie. [4 2 ]
O FFICER (MARO ); REYNALDO BAGUIO , IN HIS
CAPACIT Y AS T HE REGIST ER O F DEEDS O F WHER EFO R E, in view of these considerations, we G R AN T the petition. We SET ASID E the Decision and the
ILIGAN CIT Y AS NO MINAL PART Y; T HE Resolution of the Court of Appeals, dated November 25, 2004 and May 9, 2005, respectively, in CA- G.R. CV
EMANCIPAT IO N PAT ENT HO LDERS: FELIPE D. No. 70004. Accordingly, we D ISMISS respondent Nestor Galang's petition for the declaration of nullity of
MANREAL, CUST UDIO M. RICO , HEIRS O F his marriage to Juvy Salaz ar under Article 36 of the Family Code. Costs against respondent Nestor Galang.
DO MINGO V. RICO , HEIRS O F ABDO N T.
MANREAL, MACARIO M. VELO RIA, ALICIA B. SO O R D ER ED .
MANREAL, PABLO RICO , SALVACIO N MANREAL,
HEIRS O F T RANQ UILIANA MANREAL, HEIRS O F
ANGELA VELO RIA, HEIRS O F NECIFURO Carpio Morales, (Chairperson), Bersamin, * Abad , and Villarama, Jr. JJ., co ncur.
CABALUNA, HEIRS O F CLEMENT E RICO , HEIRS Sereno, J., sick le ave .
OF MANT ILLANO O BISO , HEIRS OF
HERCULANO BALO RIO , AND T IT O BALER, Endnotes:
RESPO NDENT S.
*Designated additional member vice Associate Justice Maria Lourdes P. A. Sereno, per
[G.R. No. 18384 9 , June 11 : 2011] DO MINGO M.
ULEP, PET IT IO NER, VS. PEO PLE O F T HE Special Order No. 997, dated June 6, 2011.
PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.
* Sick Leave.
[A.M. No. 10- 11- 5- SC, June 14 : 2011] RE:
PET IT IO N FO R RADIO AND T ELEVISIO N [1 ] Under Rule 45 of the Revised Rules of Court.
CO VERAGE O F T HE MULT IPLE MURDER CASES
AGAINST MAGUINDANAO GO VERNO R Z ALDY
[2 ] Rollo, pp. 51- 58; penned by Associate Justice Edgardo P. Cruz , and concurred in by
AMPAT UAN, ET AL., [A.M. No. 10- 11- 6 - SC ] RE:
PET IT IO N FO R T HE CO NST IT UT IO N O F T HE Associate Justice Godardo A. Jacinto and Associate Justice Jose C. Mendoz a (now a member
PRESENT CO URT HANDLING T HE T RIAL O F of this Court).
T HE MASSACRE O F 57 PERSO NS, INCLUDING
32 JO URNALIST S, IN AMPAT UAN, [3] Id. at 59.
MAGUINDANAO INT O A SPECIAL CO URT
HANDLING T HIS CASE ALO NE FO R T HE
[4 ] CA rollo, pp. 47- 58; penned by Judge Melencio Claros.
PURPO SE O F ACHIEVING GENUINE SPEEDY
T RIAL and FO R T HE SET T ING UP O F
VIDEO CAM AND MO NIT O R JUST O UT SIDE T HE [5 ] Records, pp. 2- 3.
CO URT FO R JO URNALIST S T O CO VER AND
FO R T HE PEO PLE T O WIT NESS T HE "T RIAL O F
[6 ] TSN, March 7, 2000, pp. 5- 7.
T HE DECADE" T O MAKE IT T RULY PUBLIC AND
IMPART IAL AS CO MMANDED BY T HE
CO NST IT UT IO N, A.M. No. 10- 11- 7 - SC RE: [7] Id. at 8- 12.
LET T ER O F PRESIDENT BENIGNO S. AQ UINO
III FO R T HE LIVE MEDIA CO VERAGE O F T HE [8 ]
MAGUINDANAO MASSACRE T RIAL.
TSN, June 13, 2000, pp. 5- 6.

[G.R. No. 189 314 , June 15 : 2011] MIGUEL [9 ] Record of Exhibits, Exhibit " K," pp. 14- 16.
DELA BARAIRO , PENA PET IT IO NER, VS.
O FFICE O F T HE PRESIDENT AND MST MARINE [1 0 ] Supra note 4, at 55- 57.
SERVICES (PHILS,), INC.
[11 ] Supra note 2.
[A.M. No. RT J- 10- 224 6 (f orme rly A.M. O CA
I.P.I. No. 09 - 3219 - RT J) : June 01, 2011] AT T Y.
RANDY P. BARENG, CO MPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE [1 2 ] Supra note 3.
Z ENAIDA R. DAGUNA, REGIO NAL T RIAL
CO URT, BRANCH 19 , MANILA, RESPO NDENT. [1 3] Rollo, pp. 10- 49.
[A.M. No. P- 10- 27 9 4 (f orme rly A.M. O CA I.P.I.

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 [A.M. No. P- 10- 27 9 4 (f orme rly A.M. O CA I.P.I.
No. 08- 29 37 - P) : June 01, 2011] DANELLA G.
SO NIDO , CO MPLAINANT, VS. JO SEFINA G.
ILO CSO , CLERK III, REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT,
BRANCH 80, MO RO NG, RIZ AL, RESPO NDENT.
[A.M. No. SCC- 11- 16 - P (f orme rly A.M. O CA
I.P.I No. 10- 33- SCC [P] : June 01, 2011] SULTAN
PANDAGARANAO A. ILUPA, CO MPLAINANT, VS.
MACALINO G S. ABDULLAH, CLERK O F CO URT II,
SHARIA CIRCUIT CO URT, MARAWI CIT Y,
RESPO NDENT.
[A.M. No. P- 11- 29 31 (f orme rly A.M. O CA IPI No.
08- 2852- P) : June 01, 2011] JO HN A. MENDEZ ,
ANGELIT O , CABALLERO AND IVY CABALLERO ,
CO MPLAINANT S, VS. NERISSA A. BALBUENA,
CO URT INT ERPRET ER, MUNICIPAL T RIAL
CO URT IN CIT IES, BRANCH 7 , CEBU CIT Y,
RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 19 6 9 19 : June 06 , 2011] JO SE
RAMILO O . REGALADO , PET IT IO NER, VS.
CHAUCER B. REGALADO AND GERARD R.
CUEVAS, RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 155307 : June 06 , 2011] M.A.
JIMENEZ ENT ERPRISES, INC., REPRESENT ED
BY CESAR CALIMLIM AND LAILA BALO IS,
PET IT IO NER, VS. T HE HO NO RABLE
O MBUDSMAN, JESUS P. CAMMAYO , ART URO
SANT O S, MANUEL FACT O RA, T EO DO RO
BARRO Z O , MANUEL RO Y, RO NALD MANALILI
AND JO HN ULASSUS, RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 14 26 7 6 : June 06 , 2011] EMERITA
MUO Z , PET IT IO NER, VS. AT T Y. VICT O RIANO
R. YABUT, JR. AND SAMUEL GO CHAN,
R ESPO N D EN T S. [G.R. NO . 14 6 7 18] EMERITA
MUO Z , PET IT IO NER, VS. SPO USES SAMUEL
GO CHAN AND AIDA C. CHAN, AND T HE BANK
O F T HE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, RESPO NDENT S.
[G.R. No. 16 4 9 39 : June 06 , 2011] SAMAHAN
NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA HYAT T (SAMASAH-
NUWHRAIN), PET IT IO NER, VS. HO N.
VO LUNTARY ARBIT RAT O R BUENAVENT URA C.
MAGSALIN AND HO T EL ENT ERPRISES O F T HE
PHILIPPINES, INC., RESPO NDENT S. [G.R. NO .
17 2303] SAMAHAN NG MGA MANGGAGAWA SA
HYAT T (SAMASAH- NUWHRAIN), PET IT IO NER,
VS. HO T EL ENT ERPRISES OF T HE
PHILIPPINES, INC., RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 19 126 6 : June 06 , 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
DARIUS BAUT ISTA Y O RSINO @ DADA,
ACCUSED- APPELLANT.
[G.R. No. 16 4 89 1 : June 06 , 2011] VIRGINIA M.
[1 4 ] So v. Valera, G.R. No. 150677, June 5, 2009, 588 SCRA 319, 331.
[1 5 ] G.R. No. 112019, January 4, 1995, 240 SCRA 20, 34.
[1 6 ] See Padilla-Rumbaua v. Rumbaua, G.R. No. 166738, August 14, 2009, 596 SCRA 157, 175.
[1 7] G.R. No. 108763, February 13, 1997, 268 SCRA 198, 209- 213.
(1) The burden of proof to show the nullity of the marriage belongs to the
plaintiff. Any doubt should be resolved in favor of the existence and
continuation of the marriage and against its dissolution and nullity. This is
rooted in the fact that both our Constitution and our laws cherish the validity of
marriage and unity of the family. Thus, our Constitution devotes an entire Article
on the Family, recogniz ing it " as the foundation of the nation." It decrees
marriage as legally " inviolable," thereby protecting it from dissolution at the
whim of the parties. Both the family and marriage are to be " protected" by the
state.
The Family Code echoes this constitutional edict on marriage and the family
and emphasiz es their permanence, inviolability and solidarity.
(2) The root cause of the psychological incapacity must be: (a) medically or
clinically identified, (b) alleged in the complaint, (c) sufficiently proven by
experts and (d) clearly explained in the decision. Article 36 of the Family Code
requires that the incapacity must be psychological - not physical, although its
manifestations and/or symptoms may be physical. The evidence must convince
the court that the parties, or one of them, was mentally or psychically ill to such
an extent that the person could not have known the obligations he was
assuming, or knowing them, could not have given valid assumption thereof.
Although no example of such incapacity need be given here so as not to limit
the application of the provision under the principle of ejusdem generis,
nevertheless such root cause must be identified as a psychological illness and
its incapacitating nature fully explained. Expert evidence may be given by
qualified psychiatrists and clinical psychologists.
(3) The incapacity must be proven to be existing at " the time of the celebration"
of the marriage. The evidence must show that the illness was existing when the
parties exchanged their " I do's." The manifestation of the illness need not be
perceivable at such time, but the illness itself must have attached at such
moment, or prior thereto.
(4) Such incapacity must also be shown to be medically or clinically permanent
or incurable. Such incurability may be absolute or even relative only in regard
to the other spouse, not necessarily absolutely against everyone of the same
sex. Furthermore, such incapacity must be relevant to the assumption of
marriage obligations, not necessarily to those not related to marriage, like the
exercise of a profession or employment in a job. x x x x
(5) Such illness must be grave enough to bring about the disability of the party
to assume the essential obligations of marriage. Thus, " mild characteriological
peculiarities, mood changes, occasional emotional outbursts" cannot be
accepted as root causes. The illness must be shown as downright incapacity or
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 [G.R. No. 16 4 89 1 : June 06 , 2011] VIRGINIA M. inability, not a refusal, neglect or difficulty, much less ill will. In other words,
GUADINES, PET IT IO NER, VS. SANDIGANBAYAN there is a natal or supervening disabling factor in the person, an adverse
AND PEO PLE OF T HE PHILIPPINES, integral element in the personality structure that effectively incapacitates the
RESPO NDENT S. person from really accepting and thereby complying with the obligations
essential to marriage.
[G.R. No. 16 8335 : June 06 , 2011] REPUBLIC
O F T HE PHILIPPINES, PET IT IO NER, VS.
NEST O R GALANG, RESPO NDENT.
(6) The essential marital obligations must be those embraced by Articles 68 up
to 71 of the Family Code as regards the husband and wife as well as Articles
[G.R. No. 19 07 10 : June 06 , 2011] JESSE U. 220, 221 and 225 of the same Code in regard to parents and their children.
LUCAS, PET IT IO NER, VS. JESUS S. LUCAS, Such non- complied marital obligation(s) must also be stated in the petition,
RESPO NDENT. proven by evidence and included in the text of the decision.

[G.R. No. 18889 7 : June 06 , 2011] PEO PLE O F (7) Interpretations given by the National Appellate Matrimonial Tribunal of the
T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. IRENO Catholic Church in the Philippines, while not controlling or decisive, should be
BO NAAGUA Y BERCE, APPELLANT. given great respect by our courts. x x x x
[G.R. No. 16 5887 : June 06 , 2011] MAJO RIT Y
(8) The trial court must order the prosecuting attorney or fiscal and the Solicitor
ST O CKHO LDERS OF RUBY INDUST RIAL
General to appear as counsel for the state. No decision shall be handed down
CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NERS, VS. MIGUEL
LIM, IN HIS PERSO NAL CAPACIT Y AS unless the Solicitor General issues a certification, which will be quoted in the
ST O CKHO LDER OF RUBY INDUST RIAL decision, briefly stating therein his reasons for his agreement or opposition, as
CO RPO RAT IO N AND REPRESENT ING T HE the case may be, to the petition. The Solicitor General, along with the
MINO RIT Y ST O CKHO LDERS OF RUBY prosecuting attorney, shall submit to the court such certification within fifteen
INDUST RIAL CO RPO RAT IO N AND T HE (15) days from the date the case is deemed submitted for resolution of the court.
MANAGEMENT CO MMIT T EE OF RUBY The Solicitor General shall discharge the equivalent function of the defensor
INDUST RIAL CO RPO RAT IO N, RESPO NDENT S. vinculi contemplated under Canon 1095.
[G.R. NO . 16 59 29 ] CHINA BANKING
CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS. MIGUEL LIM,
IN HIS PERSO NAL CAPACIT Y AS A [1 8 ] Supra note 15.
ST O CKHO LDER OF RUBY INDUST RIAL
CO RPO RAT IO N AND REPRESENT ING T HE
[1 9 ] G.R. No. 136490, October 19, 2000, 343 SCRA 755, 764.
MINO RIT Y ST O CKHO LDERS OF RUBY
INDUST RIAL CO RPO RAT IO N, RESPO NDENT S.
[2 0 ] Took effect on March 15, 2003.
[G.R. No. 1829 18 : June 06 , 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. EFREN [2 1 ]
PAT ELAN LAMBERT E @ KALBO AND G.R. No. 161793, February 13, 2009, 579 SCRA 193.
MARCELINO RUIZ NIMUAN @ CELINE,
ACCUSED, MARCELINO RUIZ NIMUAN, [2 2 ] Supra note 17.
APPELLANT.
[2 3] G.R. No. 166562, March 31, 2009, 582 SCRA 694.
[G.R. No. 17 536 7 : June 06 , 2011] DANILO A.
AURELIO , PET IT IO NER, VS. VIDA MA.
[2 4 ] G.R. No. 164493, March 12, 2010, 615 SCRA 154.
CO RAZ O N P. AURELIO , RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 17 7 131 : June 07 , 2011] BO Y [2 5 ] Supra note 17.

SCO UT S O F T HE PHILIPPINES, PET IT IO NER,
VS. CO MMISSIO N O N AUDIT, RESPO NDENT. [2 6 ] Supra note 21.
[A.M. No. RT J- 07 - 2087 : June 07 , 2011]
(Forme rly O CA I.P.I. No. 07 - 26 21- RT J) O FFICE [2 7] Supra note 17.
OF T HE CO URT ADMINIST RAT O R,
CO MPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE MA. ELLEN M. [2 8 ]
AGUILAR, REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT, BRANCH Ibid.
7 0, BURGO S, PANGASINAN, RESPO NDENT.
[2 9 ] Supra note 21.
[A.M. No. RT J- 07 - 2087 (Forme rly O CA I.P.I.
No. 07 - 26 21- RT J) : June 07 , 2011] O FFICE O F
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No. 07 - 26 21- RT J) : June 07 , 2011] O FFICE O F [30 ] Supra note 23.
T HE CO URT ADMINIST RAT O R, CO MPLAINANT,
VS. JUDGE MA. ELLEN M. AGUILAR, REGIO NAL
[31 ] Supra note 21.
T RIAL CO URT, BRANCH 7 0, BURGO S,
PANGASINAN, RESPO NDENT.
[32 ] Agraviador v. Amparo Agraviador , G.R. No. 170729, December 8, 2010.
[G.R. No. 18214 8 : June 08, 2011] SIME DARBY
PILIPINAS, INC., PET IT IO NER, VS. GO O DYEAR [33]
PHILIPPINES, INC. AND MACGRAPHICS G.R. No. 139676, March 31, 2006, 486 SCRA 177.
CARRANZ INT ERNAT IO NAL CO RPO RAT IO N,
RESPO NDENT S. [G.R. NO . 183210] GO O DYEAR [34 ] See Bier v. Bier , G.R. No. 173294, February 27, 2008, 547 SCRA 123, 135.
PHILIPPINES, INC., PET IT IO NER, VS. SIME
DARBY PILIPINAS, INC. AND MACGRAPHICS [35 ] G.R. No. 165321, August 3, 2010, 626 SCRA 389, 408.
CARRANZ INT ERNAT IO NAL CO RPO RAT IO N,
RESPO NDENT S.
[36 ] Supra note 19.
[G.R. No. 16 7 39 1 : June 08, 2011] PHIL- VILLE
DEVELO PMENT AND HO USING CO RPO RAT IO N, [37] Supra note 9, Exhibit " K- 1," at 15.
PET IT IO NER, VS. MAXIMO BO NIFACIO ,
CEFERINO R. BO NIFACIO , APO LO NIO B. TAN,
[38 ] Supra note 9, Exhibit " K- 2," at 16.
BENITA B. CAINA, CRISPINA B. PASCUAL,
RO SALIA B. DE GRACIA, T ERESITA S.
DO RO NIA, CHRIST INA GO CO AND ARSENIO C. [39 ] Supra note 37.
BO NIFACIO , IN T HEIR CAPACIT Y AS T HE
SURVIVING HEIRS O F T HE LAT E ELEUT ERIA [4 0 ]
RIVERA VDA. DE BO NIFACIO , RESPO NDENT S. Supra note 15.

[G.R. No. 17 87 7 1 : June 08, 2011] PEO PLE O F [4 1 ] See Paz v. Paz, G.R. No. 166579, February 18, 2010, 613 SCRA 195.
T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. ALBERT O
ANT ICAMARA Y CABILLO AND FERNANDO [4 2 ] Supra note 32.
CALAGUAS FERNANDEZ A.K.A. LANDO
CALAGUAS, APPELLANT S.

[G.R. No. 17 7 09 9 : June 08, 2011] EDUARDO

G. AGTARAP, PET IT IO NER, VS. SEBAST IAN Ads by Go o gle Ads by Go o gle
AGTARAP, JO SEPH AGTARAP, T ERESA
AGTARAP, WALT ER DE SANT O S, AND Law Firm Law Firm
ABELARDO DAGO RO , RESPO NDENT S. [G.R.
NO . 17 7 19 2] SEBAST IAN G. AGTARAP, Litigation Law Firm Litigation Law Firm
PET IT IO NER, VS. EDUARDO G. AGTARAP,
JO SEPH AGTARAP, T ERESA AGTARAP, WALT ER Labor Law Laws Labor Law Laws
DE SANT O S, AND ABELARDO DAGO RO ,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 189 206 : June 08, 2011] B ack t o Ho me | B ack t o Main
GO VERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYST EM,
PET IT IO NER, VS. T HE HO NO RABLE 15T H
DIVISIO N O F T HE CO URT O F APPEALS AND
INDUST RIAL BANK O F KO REA, T O NG YANG
MERCHANT BANK, HANAREUM BANKING
CO RP., LAND BANK O F T HE PHILIPPINES, Q UIC K SEAR C H
WEST MO NT BANK AND DO MSAT HO LDINGS,
INC., RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 186 39 5 : June 08, 2011] PEO PLE O F 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
IT O PINIC, ACCUSED- APPELLANT. 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916
1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924
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 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924
[G.R. No. 16 7 000 : June 08, 2011]
GO VERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYST EM 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932
(GSIS), PET IT IO NER, VS. GRO UP MANAGEMENT 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940
CO RPO RAT IO N (GMC) AND LAPU- LAPU
DEVELO PMENT & HO USING CO RPO RAT IO N 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948
(LLDHC), RESPO NDENT S. [G.R. No. 16 9 9 7 1] 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956
GRO UP MANAGEMENT CO RPO RAT IO N (GMC),
PET IT IO NER, VS. LAPU- LAPU DEVELO PMENT & 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964
HO USING CO RPO RAT IO N (LLDHC) AND 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972
GO VERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYST EM
(GSIS), RESPO NDENT S. 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988
[G.R. No. 1829 17 : June 08, 2011] PEO PLE O F
T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS. 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
BENJAMIN PADILLA Y UNTALAN, ACCUSED- 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
APPELLANT.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
[A.M. No. P- 06 - 2130 (f orme rly A.M. O CA I.P.I.
NO . 04 - 19 4 6 - P) : June 13, 2011] SUSANA E.
FLO RES, CO MPLAINANT, VS. ARIEL D.
PASCASIO , SHERIFF III, MT CC, BRANCH 5,
O LO NGAPO CIT Y, RESPO NDENT.

[A.M. No. P- 09 - 27 15 : June 13, 2011] (f orme rly

A.M. O CA I.P.I. No. 02- 1383- RT J) O f f ice of t he
Court Administ rat or, Complainant , Ef re n E.
Tolosa, She rif f IV, Re gional Trial Court , O f f ice Main Indices of the Library - - - > Go !
of t he Cle rk of Court , Sorsogon Cit y,
Re sponde nt .

[G. R. No. 16 554 8 : June 13, 2011] PHILIPPINE

REALT Y AND HO LDINGS CO RPO RAT IO N,
PET IT IO NER, VS. LEY CO NST RUCT IO N AND
DEVELO PMENT CO RPO RAT IO N,
R E S P O N D E N T . [G. R. No. 16 7 87 9 ] LEY
CO NST RUCT IO N AND DEVELO PMENT
CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS. PHILIPPINE
REALT Y AND HO LDINGS CO RPO RAT IO N,
RESPO NDENT.

[G. R. No. 19 106 5 : June 13, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
JO NIE DO MINGUEZ , ACCUSED- APPELLANT.

[G.R. No. 16 4 153 : June 13, 2011] JO HN

ANT HO NY B. ESPIRIT U, FO R HIMSELF AND AS
AT T O RNEY- IN- FACT FO R WEST MO NT
INVEST MENT CO RPO RAT IO N, STA. LUCIA
REALT Y AND DEVELO PMENT CO RPO RAT IO N,
GO LDEN ERA HO LDINGS, INC., AND EXCHANGE
EQ UIT Y CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NERS, VS.
MANUEL N. TANKIANSEE AND JUANITA U. TAN,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 187 083 : June 13, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
EDUARDO DAHILIG Y AGARAN, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.

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 [G.R. No. 17 16 28 : June 13, 2011] ARMANDO V.
ALANO [DECEASED], SUBST IT UT ED BY ELENA
ALANO - T O RRES,* PET IT IO NER, VS.
PLANT ER'S DEVELO PMENT BANK, AS
SUCCESSO R- IN- INT EREST OF MAUNLAD
SAVINGS AND LO AN ASSO CIAT IO N, INC.,***
RESPO NDENT.

[A.M. No. P- 09 - 27 15 (f orme rly A.M. O CA I.P.I.

No. 02- 1383- RT J) : June 13, 2011] O FFICE O F
T HE CO URT ADMINIST RAT O R, CO MPLAINANT,
VS. EFREN E. T O LO SA, SHERIFF IV, REGIO NAL
T RIAL CO URT, O FFICE O F T HE CLERK O F
CO URT, SO RSO GO N CIT Y, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 19 4 836 : June 15, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
ARNO LD CAST RO Y YANGA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.

[G.R. No. 19 384 0 : June 15, 2011] ALEXANDER

S. GAISANO , PET IT IO NER, VS. BENJAMIN C.
AKO L, RESPO NDENT.

[G. R. No. 17 8110 : June 15, 2011] AYALA

LAND, INC. AND CAPIT O L CIT IFARMS, INC.,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. SIMEO NA CAST ILLO ,
LO RENZ O PERLAS, JESSIELYN CAST ILLO , LUIS
MAESA, RO LANDO BAT IQ UIN, AND BUKLURAN
MAGSASAKA NG T IBIG, AS REPRESENT ED BY
T HEIR AT T O RNEY- IN- FACT, SIMEO NA
CAST ILLO , RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 16 9 9 85 : June 15, 2011] MO DEST O

LEO VERAS, PET IT IO NER, VS. CASIMERO
VALDEZ , RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 19 4 36 7 : June 15, 2011] MARK

CLEMENT E Y MART INEZ @ EMMANUEL DINO ,
PET IT IO NER, VS. PEO PLE OF T HE
PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 187 04 7 : June 15, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
MANUEL CRUZ Y CRUZ , ACCUSED- APPELLANT.

[G.R. No. 1504 6 2 : June 15, 2011] T O P

MANAGEMENT PRO GRAMS CO RPO RAT IO N,
PET IT IO NER, VS. LUIS FAJARDO AND T HE
REGIST ER O F DEEDS O F LAS PIAS CIT Y,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 7 9 9 5 : June 15, 2011] HEIRS O F

AGAPIT O T. O LART E AND ANGELA A. O LART E,
NAMELY NO RMA O LART E- DINERO S,
ARMANDO A. O LART E, YO LANDA O LART E-
MO NT ECER AND RENAT O A. O LART E,

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PET IT IO NERS, VS. O FFICE O F T HE PRESIDENT
O F T HE PHILIPPINES, NAT IO NAL HO USING
AUT HO RIT Y (NHA), MARIANO M. PINEDA, AS
GENERAL MANAGER, T HE MANAGER,
DIST RICT I, NCR, EDUARDO T IMBANG AND
DEMET RIO O CAMPO , RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 189 207 : June 15, 2011] ERIC U. YU,

PET IT IO NER, VS. HO NO RABLE JUDGE AGNES
REYES- CARPIO , IN HER O FFICIAL CAPACIT Y AS
PRESIDING JUDGE, REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT
O F PASIG- BRANCH 26 1; AND CARO LINE T. YU,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 187 6 4 0 : June 15, 2011] PHILIPPINE

NAT IO NAL BANK, PET IT IO NER, VS. T HE SPS.
ANGELIT O PEREZ AND JO CELYN PEREZ ,
R E S P O N D E N T S . [G.R. NO . 187 6 87 ] SPS.
ANGELIT O PEREZ AND JO CELYN PEREZ ,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. PHILIPPINE NAT IO NAL
BANK, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 16 6 838 : June 15, 2011] STA. LUCIA

REALT Y & DEVELO PMENT, INC., PET IT IO NER,
VS. CIT Y OF PASIG, RESPO NDENT,
MUNICIPALIT Y O F CAINTA, PRO VINCE O F
RIZ AL, INT ERVENO R.

[G.R. No. 17 5021 : June 15, 2011] REPUBLIC

O F T HE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENT ED BY T HE
CHIEF O F T HE PHILIPPINE NAT IO NAL PO LICE,
PET IT IO NER, VS. T HI T HU T HUY T. DE
GUZ MAN, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 181126 : June 15, 2011] LEO NARDO

S. UMALE, [DECEASED] REPRESENT ED BY
CLARISSA VICT O RIA, JO HN LEO , GEO RGE
LEO NARD, KRIST INE, MARGUERITA ISABEL,
AND MICHELLE ANGELIQ UE, ALL SURNAMED
UMALE, PET IT IO NERS, VS. ASB REALT Y
CO RPO RAT IO N, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 189 325 : June 15, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
T EO FILO RAGO DO N MARCELINO , JR. ALIAS
"T ERENCE" AND ALIAS T EO FILO MARCELINO Y
RAGO DO N, ACCUSED- APPELLANT.

[G.R. No. 187 326 : June 15, 2011] PHILIPPINE

ARMY, 5t h INFANT RY DIVISIO N, T HRO UGH
GEN. ALEXANDER YAPSING, LT. CO L. NICANO R
PENULIAR, AND LT. CO L. FERNANDO PASIO N,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. SPO USES MAJO R
CO NSTANCIO PAMIT TAN (RET.) AND LEO NO R
PAMIT TAN, SPO USES ALBERT O TALINIO AND
MARIA CHO NA P. TALINIO , SPO USES T /SGT.
MELCHO R BACULI AND LAARNI BACULI,
SPO USES S/SGT. JUAN PALASIGUE AND

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MARILO U PALASIGUE, SPO USES GRANT
PAJARILLO AND FRANCES PAJARILLO ,
SPO USES M/SGT. EDGAR ANO G AND Z O RAIDA
ANO G, AND SPO USES 2LT. MELIT O PAPA AND
PINKY PAPA, FO R T HEMSELVES AND FO R
O T HER O CCUPANT S O F SIT IO SAN CARLO S,
UPI, GAMU, ISABELA, BY WAY O F CLASS SUIT,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 17 4 2 : June 15, 2011]

CO MMISSIO NER O F INT ERNAL REVENUE,
PET IT IO NER, VS. MIRANT (PHILIPPINES)
O PERAT IO NS, CO RPO RAT IO N, RESPO NDENT.
[G.R. No. 17 6 16 5] MIRANT (PHILIPPINES)
O PERAT IO NS CO RPO RAT IO N (FO RMERLY:
SO UT HERN ENERGY ASIA- PACIFIC
O PERAT IO NS (PHILS.), INC.), PET IT IO NER, VS.
CO MMISSIO NER O F INT ERNAL REVENUE,
RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 184 9 25 : June 15, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
JO SEPH MO ST RALES Y ABAD, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.

[A.M. No. P- 10- 2829 : June 21, 2011] JUDGE

EDILBERT O G. ABSIN, CO MPLAINANT, VS.
EDGARDO A. MO NTALLA, ST ENO GRAPHER,
REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT, BRANCH 29 , SAN
MIGUEL, Z AMBO ANGA PRO MULGAT ED: DEL
SUR, RESPO NDENT.

[A.C. No. 6 6 83 : June 21, 2011] RE:

RESO LUT IO N O F T HE CO URT DAT ED 1 JUNE
2004 IN G.R. NO . 7 29 54 AGAINST, AT T Y.
VICT O R C. AVECILLA, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 14 9 4 33 : June 22, 2011] T HE CO CA-

CO LA EXPO RT CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER,
VS.CLARITA P. GACAYAN, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 19 26 4 9 : June 22, 2011] HO ME

GUARANT Y CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS.
R- II BUILDERS INC. AND NAT IO NAL HO USING
AUT HO RIT Y, RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 183122 : June 22, 2011] GENERAL

MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N- INDEPENDENT
LABO R UNIO N (GMC- ILU), PET IT IO NER, VS.
GENERAL MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N,
R ESPO N D EN T . [G.R. NO . 183889 ] GENERAL
MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS.
GENERAL MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N-
INDEPENDENT LABO R UNIO N (GMC- ILU), ET.
AL, RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 183122 : June 22, 2011] GENERAL

MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N- INDEPENDENT

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LABO R UNIO N (GMC- ILU), PET IT IO NER, VS.
GENERAL MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N,
R ESPO N D EN T . [G.R. NO . 183889 ] GENERAL
MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS.
GENERAL MILLING CO RPO RAT IO N-
INDEPENDENT LABO R UNIO N (GMC- ILU), ET.
AL, RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 1829 80 : June 22, 2011] BIENVENIDO

CAST ILLO , PET IT IO NER, VS. REPUBLIC O F T HE
PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 182819 : June 22, 2011] MAXIMINA A.

BULAWAN, PET IT IO NER, VS. EMERSO N B.
AQ UENDE, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 1826 4 5 : June 22, 2011] IN T HE

MAT T ER O F T HE HEIRSHIP (INT ESTAT E
ESTAT ES) O F T HE LAT E HERMO GENES
RO DRIGUEZ , ANT O NIO RO DRIGUEZ , MACARIO
J. RO DRIGUEZ , DELFIN RO DRIGUEZ , AND
CO NSUELO M. RO DRIGUEZ AND SET T LEMENT
O F T HEIR ESTAT ES, RENE B. PASCUAL,
PET IT IO NER, VS. JAIME M. RO BLES,
RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 182236 : June 22, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
CHIT O GRAT IL Y GUELAS, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.

[G.R. No. 186 523 : June 22, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, PLAINT IFF- APPELLEE, VS.
URBAN SALCEDO ABDURAHMAN ISMAEL
DIO LAGRA, ABDULAJID NGAYA, HABER ASARI,
ABSMAR ALUK, BASHIER ABDUL, T O T ING
HANO , JR., JAID AWALAL, ANNIK/RENE ABBAS,
MUBIN IBBAH, MAGARNI HAPILO N IBLO NG,
LIDJALO N SAKANDAL, IMRAM HAKIMIN
SULAIMAN, NADSMER ISNANI SULAIMAN,
NADSMER ISNANI MANDANGAN KAMAR
JAAFAR, SO NNY ASALI AND BASHIER
O RDO EZ , ACCUSED- APPELLANT S,
KHADAFFY JANJALANI, ALDAM T ILAO ALIAS
"ABU SABAYA," ET AL., AND MANY O T HER
JO HN DO ES, PET ER DO ES AND RICHARD
DO ES, ACCUSED.

[G.R. No. 1836 7 6 : June 22, 2011] RUEL

AMPAT UAN "ALIAS RUEL," PET IT IO NER, VS.
PEO PLE O F T HE PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 17 06 4 6 : June 22, 2011] MA. LIGAYA

B. SANT O S, PET IT IO NER, VS. LIT T O N MILLS
INCO RPO RAT ED AND/O R AT T Y. RO DO LFO
MARIO , RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 029 2 : June 22, 2011] HO ME

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DEVELO PMENT MUT UAL FUND (HDMF),
PET IT IO NER, VS. SPO USES FIDEL AND
FLO RINDA R. SEE AND SHERIFF MANUEL L.
ARIMADO , RESPO NDENT S.

[A.M. No. RT J- 07 - 204 4 (FO RMERLY O CA I.P.I.

NO . 07 - 2553- RT J) : June 22, 2011] AT T Y.
FACUNDO T. BAUT ISTA, CO MPLAINANT, VS.
JUDGE BLAS O . CAUSAPIN, JR., PRESIDING
JUDGE, REGIO NAL T RIAL CO URT, BRANCH 32,
GUIMBA, NUEVA ECIJA, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 19 3023 : June 22, 2011] NAT IO NAL

PO WER CO RPO RAT IO N, PET IT IO NER, VS.
YUNITA T UAZ O N, RO SAURO T UAZ O N AND
MARIA T ERESA T UAZ O N, RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 04 16 : June 22, 2011] UNIVERSIT Y

PLANS INCO RPO RAT ED, PET IT IO NER, VS.
BELINDA P. SO LANO , T ERRY A. LAMUG,
GLENDA S. BELGA, MELBA S. ALVAREZ , WELMA
R. NAMATA, MARIET TA D. BACHO AND
MANO LO L. CENIDO , RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 6 7 4 0 : June 22, 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. CARLO
DUMADAG Y RO MIO , APPELLANT.

[A.M. No. MT J- 11- 17 86 [Forme rly O CA IPI No.

10- 226 2- MT J] : June 22, 2011] FELICISIMA R.
DIAZ , CO MPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE GERARDO E.
GEST O PA, JR., MUNICIPAL T RIAL CO URT,
NAGA, CEBU, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 17 06 58 : June 22, 2011] ANICET O

CALUBAQ UIB, WILMA CALUBAQ UIB, EDWIN
CALUBAQ UIB, ALBERT O CALUBAQ UIB, AND
ELEUT ERIO FAUST INO CALUBAQ UIB,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. REPUBLIC OF T HE
PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 17 4 158 : June 27 , 2011] WILLIAM

ENDELISEO BARRO GA, PET IT IO NER, VS. DATA
CENT ER CO LLEGE O F T HE PHILIPPINES AND
WILFRED BACTAD,[1] RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 6 9 51 : June 28, 2011] LEAGUE O F

CIT IES OF T HE PHILIPPINES (LCP),
REPRESENT ED BY LCP NAT IO NAL PRESIDENT
JERRY P. T REAS; CIT Y O F CALBAYO G,
REPRESENT ED BY MAYO R MEL SENEN S.
SARMIENT O ; AND JERRY P. T REAS, IN HIS
PERSO NAL CAPACIT Y AS TAXPAYER,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. CO MMISSIO N ON
ELECT IO NS; MUNICIPALIT Y OF BAYBAY,
PRO VINCE O F LEYT E; MUNICIPALIT Y O F BO GO ,
PRO VINCE O F CEBU; MUNICIPALIT Y OF
CAT BALO GAN, PRO VINCE OF WEST ERN

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SAMAR; MUNICIPALIT Y O F TANDAG, PRO VINCE
O F SURIGAO DEL SUR; MUNICIPALIT Y O F
BO RO NGAN, PRO VINCE O F EAST ERN SAMAR;
AND MUNICIPALIT Y O F TAYABAS, PRO VINCE O F
Q UEZ O N, RESPO NDENT S. [G.R. No. 17 7 4 9 9 ]
LEAGUE O F CIT IES O F T HE PHILIPPINES (LCP),
REPRESENT ED BY LCP NAT IO NAL PRESIDENT
JERRY P. T REAS; CIT Y O F CALBAYO G,
REPRESENT ED BY MAYO R MEL SENEN S.
SARMIENT O ; AND JERRY P. T REAS, IN HIS
PERSO NAL CAPACIT Y AS TAXPAYER,
PET IT IO NERS, VS. CO MMISSIO N ON
ELECT IO NS; MUNICIPALIT Y OF LAMITAN,
PRO VINCE O F BASILAN; MUNICIPALIT Y O F
TABUK, PRO VINCE O F KALINGA; MUNICIPALIT Y
O F BAYUGAN, PRO VINCE O F AGUSAN DEL SUR;
MUNICIPALIT Y O F BATAC, PRO VINCE O F
ILO CO S NO RT E; MUNICIPALIT Y O F MAT I,
PRO VINCE OF DAVAO O RIENTAL; AND
MUNICIPALIT Y O F GUIHULNGAN, PRO VINCE O F
NEGRO S O RIENTAL, RESPO NDENT S. [G.R. No.
1 7 8 0 5 6 ] LEAGUE OF CIT IES OF T HE
PHILIPPINES (LCP), REPRESENT ED BY LCP
NAT IO NAL PRESIDENT JERRY P. T REAS;
CIT Y O F CALBAYO G, REPRESENT ED BY
MAYO R MEL SENEN S. SARMIENT O ; AND
JERRY P. T REAS, IN HIS PERSO NAL
CAPACIT Y AS TAXPAYER, PET IT IO NERS, VS.
CO MMISSIO N O N ELECT IO NS; MUNICIPALIT Y
O F CABADBARAN, PRO VINCE O F AGUSAN DEL
NO RT E; MUNICIPALIT Y O F CARCAR, PRO VINCE
O F CEBU; MUNICIPALIT Y O F EL SALVADO R,
PRO VINCE OF MISAMIS O RIENTAL;
MUNICIPALIT Y OF NAGA, CEBU; AND
DEPART MENT OF BUDGET AND
MANAGEMENT, RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 17 6 57 9 : June 28, 2011] WILSO N P.

GAMBO A, PET IT IO NER, VS. FINANCE
SECRETARY MARGARIT O B. T EVES, FINANCE
UNDERSECRETARY JO HN P. SEVILLA, AND
CO MMISSIO NER RICARDO ABCEDE O F T HE
PRESIDENT IAL CO MMISSIO N ON GO O D
GO VERNMENT (PCGG) IN T HEIR CAPACIT IES AS
CHAIR AND MEMBERS, RESPECT IVELY, O F T HE
PRIVAT IZ AT IO N CO UNCIL, CHAIRMAN ANT HO NI
SALIM O F FIRST PACIFIC CO ., LT D. IN HIS
CAPACIT Y AS DIRECT O R O F MET RO PACIFIC
ASSET HO LDINGS INC., CHAIRMAN MANUEL V.
PANGILINAN O F PHILIPPINE LO NG DISTANCE
T ELEPHO NE CO MPANY (PLDT ) IN HIS CAPACIT Y
AS MANAGING DIRECT O R O F FIRST PACIFIC
CO ., LT D., PRESIDENT NAPO LEO N L.
NAZ ARENO O F PHILIPPINE LO NG DISTANCE
T ELEPHO NE CO MPANY, CHAIR FE BARIN O F
T HE SECURIT IES EXCHANGE CO MMISSIO N,
AND PRESIDENT FRANCIS LIM O F T HE
PHILIPPINE ST O CK EXCHANGE,

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R ESPO N D EN T S. PABLIT O V. SANIDAD AND
ARNO V. SANIDAD, PET IT IO NERS- IN-
INT ERVENT IO N.

[G.R. No. 19 259 1 : June 29 , 2011] EFREN L.

ALVAREZ , PET IT IO NER, VS. PEO PLE O F T HE
PHILIPPINES, RESPO NDENT.

[G.R. No. 17 2227 : June 29 , 2011] SPO USES

WILFREDO PALADA AND BRIGIDA PALADA,*
PET IT IO NERS, VS. SO LIDBANK CO RPO RAT IO N
AND SHERIFF MAYO DELA CRUZ ,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 18139 8 : June 29 , 2011] FEB

LEASING AND FINANCE CO RPO RAT IO N (NO W
BPI LEASING CO RPO RAT IO N), PET IT IO NER,
VS. SPO USES SERGIO P. BAYLO N AND
MARIT ESS VILLENA- BAYLO N, BG HAULER, INC.,
AND MANUEL Y. EST ILLO SO , RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 18836 5 : June 29 , 2011] BPI FAMILY

SAVINGS BANK, INC., PET IT IO NER, VS. PRYCE
GASES, INC., INT ERNAT IO NAL FINANCE
CO RPO RAT IO N, AND NEDERLANDSE
FINANCIERINGS- MAAT SCHAPPIJ VO O R
O NT WIKKELINGSLANDEN N.V., RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 14 84 83 : June 29 , 2011] BANGKO

SENT RAL NG PILIPINAS, PET IT IO NER, VS.
O RIENT CO MMERCIAL BANKING
CO RPO RAT IO N, JO SE C. GO , GEO RGE C. GO ,
VICENT E C. GO , GO T ESCO PRO PERT IES, INC.,
GO T O NG ELECT RICAL SUPPLY INC., EVER
EMPO RIUM, INC., EVER GO T ESCO RESO URCES
AND HO LDINGS INC., GO T ESCO T YAN MING
DEVELO PMENT INC., EVERCREST CEBU GO LF
CLUB AND RESO RT S, INC., NASUGBU
RESO RT S INC., GMCC UNIT ED DEVELO PMENT
CO RP., GULO D RESO RT, INC., O K STAR, EVER
PLAZ A, INC. AND EVER ELECT RICAL MFG., INC.,
RESPO NDENT S.

[G.R. No. 18356 4 : June 29 , 2011] PEO PLE O F

T HE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. LUCRESIO
ESPINA, APPELLANT.

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