The Ring Programming Language Version 1.5 Book - Part 53 of 180

Ring Documentation, Release 1.
deltaMove = 0
func changeSize
w = glutEventWidth()
h = glutEventHeight()
// Prevent a divide by zero, when window is too short

// (you cant make a window of zero width).
if h = 0
h = 1
ok
ratio = w * 1.0 / h
// Use the Projection Matrix

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
// Reset Matrix
glLoadIdentity()
// Set the viewport to be the entire window

glViewport(0, 0, w, h)
// Set the correct perspective.

gluPerspective(45.0, ratio, 0.1, 100.0)
// Get Back to the Modelview

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
func drawSnowMan
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
// Draw Body
glTranslatef(0.0 ,0.75, 0.0)

glutSolidSphere(0.75,20,20)
// Draw Head
glTranslatef(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
// Draw Eyes
glPushMatrix()
glColor3f(0.0,0.0,0.0)
glTranslatef(-0.1, 0.0, 0.0)
glPopMatrix()
// Draw Nose
glColor3f(1.0, 0.5 , 0.5)
glRotatef(0.0,1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glutSolidCone(0.08,0.5,10,2)
55.10. The Camera 495

Ring Documentation, Release 1.5
func computePos deltaMove
x += deltaMove * lx * 0.1
z += deltaMove * lz * 0.1
func computeDir deltaAngle
angle += deltaAngle
lx = sin(angle)
lz = -cos(angle)
func renderScene
if deltaMove
computePos(deltaMove)
ok
if deltaAngle
computeDir(deltaAngle)
ok
// Clear Color and Depth Buffers

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
// Reset transformations
glLoadIdentity()
// Set the camera
gluLookAt( x, 1.0, z,
x+lx, 1.0, z+lz,
0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
// Draw ground
glColor3f(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)

glBegin(GL_QUADS)
glVertex3f(-100.0, 0.0, -100.0)
glVertex3f(-100.0, 0.0, 100.0)
glVertex3f( 100.0, 0.0, 100.0)
glVertex3f( 100.0, 0.0, -100.0)
glEnd()
// Draw 36 SnowMen
for i = -3 to 2
for j=-3 to 2
glPushMatrix()
glTranslatef(i*10.0,0,j * 10.0)
drawSnowMan()
glPopMatrix()
next
next
glutSwapBuffers()
func pressKey
key = glutEventKey()
xx = glutEventX()

yy = glutEventY()
switch key
on GLUT_KEY_LEFT
deltaAngle = -0.01
on GLUT_KEY_RIGHT
deltaAngle = 0.01
on GLUT_KEY_UP
deltaMove = 0.5
on GLUT_KEY_DOWN
deltaMove = -0.5
off
func releaseKey
switch key
on GLUT_KEY_LEFT
deltaAngle = 0.0
on GLUT_KEY_RIGHT
deltaAngle = 0.0
on GLUT_KEY_UP
deltaMove = 0
on GLUT_KEY_DOWN
deltaMove = 0
off
func main
// init GLUT and create window

glutInit()
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA)
glutInitWindowPosition(100,100)
glutInitWindowSize(320,320)
glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 8")
// register callbacks
glutDisplayFunc(:renderScene)
glutReshapeFunc(:changeSize)
glutIdleFunc(:renderScene)
glutSpecialFunc(:pressKey)
// here are the new entries

glutIgnoreKeyRepeat(1)
glutSpecialUpFunc(:releaseKey)
// OpenGL init
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
// enter GLUT event processing cycle

glutMainLoop()

55.11 Mouse Events
Example:
load "freeglut.ring"
load "opengl21lib.ring"
// angle of rotation for the camera direction

angle = 0.0
// actual vector representing the camera's direction

lx=0.0 lz=-1.0
// XZ position of the camera

x=0.0 z=5.0
// the key states. These variables will be zero

//when no key is being presses
deltaAngle = 0.0
deltaMove = 0.0
xOrigin = -1
func changeSize

if h = 0
h = 1
ok
ratio = w * 1.0 / h

// Reset Matrix
glLoadIdentity()



func drawSnowMan
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
// Draw Body
55.11. Mouse Events 498

// Draw Head
// Draw Eyes
glPushMatrix()
glColor3f(0.0,0.0,0.0)
glPopMatrix()
// Draw Nose
glColor3f(1.0, 0.5 , 0.5)
glRotatef(0.0,1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
func renderScene
if deltaMove
ok

glLoadIdentity()
// Set the camera
x+lx, 1.0, z+lz,
0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
// Draw ground
glColor3f(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)

glBegin(GL_QUADS)
glVertex3f(-100.0, 0.0, -100.0)
glVertex3f(-100.0, 0.0, 100.0)
glVertex3f( 100.0, 0.0, 100.0)
glVertex3f( 100.0, 0.0, -100.0)
glEnd()
// Draw 36 SnowMen
for i = -3 to 2
for j=-3 to 2
glPushMatrix()
glTranslatef(i*10.0,0,j * 10.0)
drawSnowMan()
glPopMatrix()

next
next
glutSwapBuffers()
func processNormalKeys
if key = 27
shutdown()
ok
func pressKey
switch key
on GLUT_KEY_UP
deltaMove = 0.5
on GLUT_KEY_DOWN
deltaMove = -0.5
off
func releaseKey
switch key
on GLUT_KEY_UP
deltaMove = 0
on GLUT_KEY_DOWN
deltaMove = 0
off
func mouseMove
xx = glutEventX()
yy = glutEventY()
// this will only be true when the left button is down
if xOrigin >= 0
// update deltaAngle
deltaAngle = (xx - xOrigin) * 0.001
// update camera's direction

lx = sin(angle + deltaAngle)
lz = -cos(angle + deltaAngle)
ok
func mouseButton
button = glutEventButton()
state = glutEventState()
xx = glutEventX()
yy = glutEventY()
// only start motion if the left button is pressed

if button = GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON
// when the button is released
if state = GLUT_UP
angle += deltaAngle
xOrigin = -1
else
// state = GLUT_DOWN
xOrigin = xx
ok
fflush(stdout)
ok
func main
// init GLUT and create window

glutInit()
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA)
glutInitWindowPosition(100,100)
glutInitWindowSize(320,320)
glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test 9")
// register callbacks
glutDisplayFunc(:renderScene)
glutReshapeFunc(:changeSize)
glutIdleFunc(:renderScene)
glutIgnoreKeyRepeat(1)
glutKeyboardFunc(:processNormalKeys)
glutSpecialFunc(:pressKey)
glutSpecialUpFunc(:releaseKey)
// here are the two new functions

glutMouseFunc(:mouseButton)
glutMotionFunc(:mouseMove)
// OpenGL init
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
// enter GLUT event processing cycle

glutMainLoop()
55.12 Menu Events
Example:
load "freeglut.ring"
load "opengl21lib.ring"
// angle of rotation for the camera direction

angle = 0.0
// actual vector representing the camera's direction

lx=0.0 lz=-1.0
// XZ position of the camera
55.12. Menu Events 501

x=0.0 z=5.0
// the key states. These variables will be zero

//when no key is being presses
deltaAngle = 0.0
deltaMove = 0
xOrigin = -1
// Constant definitions for Menus
// for RingFreeGLUT - We must have different ID for each menu item

C_RED = 1
C_GREEN = 2
C_BLUE = 3
C_ORANGE = 4
C_FILL = 5
C_LINE = 6
C_SHRINK = 7
C_NORMAL = 8
// Pop up menu identifiers

fillMenu= 0
shrinkMenu= 0
mainMenu=0
colorMenu=0
// color for the nose

red = 1.0 blue=0.5 green=0.5
// scale of snowman
scale = 1.0
// menu status
menuFlag = 0
func changeSize

if h = 0
h = 1
ok
ratio = w * 1.0 / h

// Reset Matrix
glLoadIdentity()




func drawSnowMan
glScalef(scale, scale, scale)

glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
// Draw Body
// Draw Head
// Draw Eyes
glPushMatrix()
glColor3f(0.0,0.0,0.0)
glPopMatrix()
// Draw Nose
glColor3f(red, green, blue)
glRotatef(0.0,1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
func renderScene
if deltaMove
ok

glLoadIdentity()
// Set the camera
x+lx, 1.0, z+lz,
0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

// Draw ground
glColor3f(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)

glBegin(GL_QUADS)
glVertex3f(-100.0, 0.0, -100.0)
glVertex3f(-100.0, 0.0, 100.0)
glVertex3f( 100.0, 0.0, 100.0)
glVertex3f( 100.0, 0.0, -100.0)
glEnd()
// Draw 36 SnowMen
for i = -3 to 2
for j = -3 to 2
glPushMatrix()
glTranslatef(i*10.0, 0.0, j * 10.0)
drawSnowMan()
glPopMatrix()
next
next
glutSwapBuffers()
// -----------------------------------
// KEYBOARD
// -----------------------------------
func processNormalKeys
xx = glutEventX()
yy = glutEventY()
glutSetMenu(mainMenu)
switch key
on 27
glutDestroyMenu(mainMenu)
glutDestroyMenu(fillMenu)
glutDestroyMenu(colorMenu)
glutDestroyMenu(shrinkMenu)
shutdown()
on 's'
if not menuFlag
glutChangeToSubMenu(2,"Shrink",shrinkMenu)
ok
on 'c'
if not menuFlag
glutChangeToSubMenu(2,"Color",colorMenu)
ok
off
if key = 27
shutdown()
ok
func pressKey

The Ring Programming Language Version 1.5 Book - Part 53 of 180

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The Ring Programming Language Version 1.5 Book - Part 53 of 180

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Ring Documentation, Release 1.

// Prevent a divide by zero, when window is too short

// Use the Projection Matrix

// Set the viewport to be the entire window

// Set the correct perspective.

// Get Back to the Modelview

glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)

glTranslatef(0.0 ,0.75, 0.0)

55.10. The Camera 495

func computePos deltaMove

func computeDir deltaAngle

// Clear Color and Depth Buffers

glColor3f(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)

55.10. The Camera 496

// init GLUT and create window

// here are the new entries

// enter GLUT event processing cycle

55.10. The Camera 497

55.11 Mouse Events

// angle of rotation for the camera direction

// actual vector representing the camera's direction

// XZ position of the camera

// the key states. These variables will be zero

// Prevent a divide by zero, when window is too short

// Use the Projection Matrix

// Set the viewport to be the entire window

// Set the correct perspective.

// Get Back to the Modelview

glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)

55.11. Mouse Events 498

func computePos deltaMove

// Clear Color and Depth Buffers

glColor3f(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)

55.11. Mouse Events 499

// update camera's direction

// only start motion if the left button is pressed

55.11. Mouse Events 500

// init GLUT and create window

// here are the two new functions

// enter GLUT event processing cycle

55.12 Menu Events

// angle of rotation for the camera direction

// actual vector representing the camera's direction

// XZ position of the camera

55.12. Menu Events 501

// the key states. These variables will be zero

// Constant definitions for Menus

// for RingFreeGLUT - We must have different ID for each menu item

// Pop up menu identifiers

// color for the nose

// Prevent a divide by zero, when window is too short

// Use the Projection Matrix

// Set the viewport to be the entire window

55.12. Menu Events 502

// Set the correct perspective.

// Get Back to the Modelview

glScalef(scale, scale, scale)

glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)

func computePos deltaMove

// Clear Color and Depth Buffers

55.12. Menu Events 503

glColor3f(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)

55.12. Menu Events 504