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AbstractIn the present study, thermal buckling and funda- for the finite element formulation of the laminated shells
mental frequency of symmetrically laminated cylindrical panel and modified feasible direction method (MFD) was used for
is optimized. Fiber orientation is considered as a design variable optimization. Thermal buckling strength of the symmetrically
for the same. Eigenvalue buckling analysis and modal analysis
is performed by using finite element method. Particle swarm laminated cylindrical shells was maximized by [5]. Finite
optimization is used as optimization technique. MATLAB code is element method based on the first-order shear deformation
generated to integrate finite element method with particle swarm theory(FSDT) was used for buckling analysis. Whereas, for
optimization. Finally, the influence of aspect ratio (L/S), curvature optimization, the modified feasible direction approach was
ratio (R/S), thickness ratio (R/h), effect of different weighting employed.
factors and boundary constraints on the optimum results are
investigated. Genetic algorithm (GA) with artificial neural networks
(ANN) was implemented by [6] to maximize the natural
I. I NTRODUCTION frequency and buckling load of laminated cylindrical shell
and this was achieved by optimizing the stacking sequence
In the recent years, due to the advancement in composite of the shell. [7] used the combination of the differential
technology under thermal environment, composite cylindrical quadrature method, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm
panels have found its applications in highly sophisticated struc- and Young bargaining model to maximize thermal buckling
tures such as nuclear reactors, supersonic and hypersonic air- temperature and fundamental natural frequency of laminated
craft, extremely inflammable fluid storage containers, satellites composite plates. To the authors best knowledge, most of
and rockets. However, the prediction of the buckling behavior the literature have focused on optimization using Genetic
of laminated cylindrical panel under thermal environment is algorithm which is difficult to apply with lot of parameters
difficult, but vital for a better understanding and deciding needs to be adjusted. Compared to Genetic algorithm, Particle
their load-carrying capacity. Similarly, vibration also play an swarm optimization is easy to implement and there are few
important role in the design of structures as it may fail when parameters to adjust, thus present study uses Particle swarm
the excitation frequency matches with its resonance frequency. optimization technique for multi-objective optimization. Multi-
Lot of research work has been carried out on the optimization objective optimization of laminated cylindrical panels under
of buckling strength and free vibration of laminated cylindrical uniform thermal load is to maximize the weighted sum of
shells. thermal buckling temperature and fundamental frequency.
Thermal buckling strength of laminated composite plates
exposed to uniform temperature profile was optimized by
II. A NALYSIS APPROACH
[1] using guided random-search method. Multi-objective op-
timization approach was used by [2] to maximize the first Multi-objective optimization of thermal buckling and fun-
natural frequency and critical buckling load of laminated damental frequency of a laminated cylindrical panel shown
cylindrical panels under mechanical load by stacking sequence in Fig. 1 is carried out using numerical method. Scheme of
method. Buckling strength of uniformly heated laminated numerical approach used in the present work is depicted in
plates was optimized by [3] using modified Feasible Direction Fig. 2. Finite element method is implemented to determine the
(MFD) method. They maximized the buckling temperature critical buckling temperature and the fundamental frequency
by altering fiber orientation. Buckling and frequency of lam- of the panel. Present study uses particle swarm optimization
inated cylindrical shells under external load was optimized (PSO) technique to optimize the buckling strength and fre-
by [4]. First order shear deformation theory(FSDT) was used quency of the uniformly heated laminated cylindrical panel.
978-1-5090-3646-2/16/$31.00
2016
c IEEE Code is developed in MATLAB environment to integrate the
where, [M ] is the structural mass matrix, while k is the
natural frequency of the structure and {k } the corresponding
mode shape.
Throughout the analysis, the following non-dimensional
quantities are used:
Tcr
Tcr = ; F = ; (3)
T0 0
where T0 and F0 are the critical buckling temperature
and fundamental frequency, respectively, corresponding to a
prescribed fiber orientation ( 0o /0o /0o /0o ) symmetric for four
layered laminated cylindrical shell (L/S=1, R/S=5, S/h=100).
([K] + i [K ]) {i } = 0 (1)
where = c1 + c2
where i is the eigenvalue and { i } is the corresponding 7) Update velocity and position of particles using given
eigenvector for ith buckling mode. The product of the tem- Equations
perature rise T (above ambient temperature) and the lowest
vik+1 = vik + c1 r1 (pki Xik ) + c2 r2 (pkg Xik )
eigenvalue, i gives the critical buckling temperature, Tcr that
is Tcr = 1 T. where r1 and r2 are uniformly distributed random vari-
The natural frequency of the panel can be determined by ables (01).
calculating the stiffness matrix and by solving the eigenvalue
problem as given below: Xik+1 = Xik + vik+1 t
[K] + k2 [M ] {k } = 0
(2) where t is considered to be of a unit value.
TABLE I TABLE II
C OMPARISON OF OPTIMUM FIBER ORIENTATION WITH [3] D IFFERENT STRUCTURAL BOUNDARY CONSTRAINTS INVESTIGATED
Fig. 4. Behavior of performance index under different curvature ratio (a) = 0.25 (b) = 0.5 and (c) = 0.75
Fig. 5. Behavior of performance index under different thickness ratio (a) = 0.25 (b) = 0.5 and (c) = 0.75
Fig. 6. Behavior of performance index under different aspect ratio (a) = 0.25 (b) = 0.5 and (c) = 0.75
Fig. 7. Behavior of performance index under different boundary constraints (a) = 0.25 (b) = 0.5 and (c) = 0.75
TABLE VII [6] A. Gharib and M. Shakeri, Stacking sequence optimization of laminated
I NFLUENCE OF BOUNDARY CONSTRAINTS ON OPTIMUM FIBER cylindrical shells for buckling and free vibration using genetic algo-
ORIENTATION AND (MODI) max rithm and neural networks, International Conference on Engineering
Optimization, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 69, 2010.
Boundary (MODI)max Fiber orientation [7] A. Vosoughi and M. Nikoo, Maximum fundamental frequency and
constraints 0.25 0.5 0.75 0.25 0.5 0.75 thermal buckling temperature of laminated composite plates by a new
CCCC 1.321 2.040 2.760 46.729 46.935 47.092 hybrid multi-objective optimization technique, Thin-Walled Structures,
SSCC 1.350 2.197 3.043 47.168 47.618 47.753 vol. 95, pp. 408 415, 2015.
SSSS 2.417 4.371 6.325 45.365 45.428 45.395 [8] R. Eberhart and J. Kennedy, A new optimizer using particle swarm
CCFC 1.290 2.171 3.054 46.727 47.276 47.389 theory, IEEE Proceedings of the sixth international symposium on micro
machine and human science, Nagoya, Japan, pp. 3943, 1995.
[9] D. P. Rini, S. M. Shamsuddin, and S. S. Yuhaniz, Article: Particle
swarm optimization: Technique, system and challenges, International
V. C ONCLUSION Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1927, 2011.
[10] Q. Bai, Article: Analysis of particle swarm optimization algorithm,
In the present study, a symmetrically laminated cylindrical Computers and Information Science, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 180184, 2010.
[11] Y. Shi and R. C. Eberhart, Parameter selection in particle swarm
panel is analyzed with two different objectives. Objective of optimization. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998,
the optimum design, is to maximize the thermal buckling pp. 591600.
strength and the fundamental frequency of the panel. To do so,
fiber orientation is taken as a design variable. Meta-heuristic,
particle swarm optimization is used as a optimization tech-
nique. Numerical and graphical results are presented for dif-
ferent curvature ratio, thickness ratio, aspect ratio, weighting
factors and boundary conditions. Results shows that, the multi
objective design index is highly influenced by the thermal
buckling strength than the fundamental frequency. It is also
noted that, the performance index increases with the decrease
in curvature ratio and decrease in thickness ratio. It is also
observed that, the SSSS boundary constraint has major impact
on the performance index.
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