RATIONALE FOR

DISASTER PREVENTION
AND LOSS CONTROL

ACACIO, Lalaine Mae

AVE, Catherine
DE LEON, Jo-anna
DY, Paulo
FERRER, Lara
MALICDEM, Maureen
MAGTOTO, Ehra
Click to edit Master subtitle style
 DISASTER
is a sudden, calamitous event
that seriously disrupts the
functioning of a community or
society and causes human,
material, and economic or
environmental losses that exceed
the communitys or societys
ability to cope using its own
resources.
Figure 1: The Disaster Cycle
 CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTER

Natural
Disasters Technological or
Acts of God Human
are naturally are Engineered
events that are
occurring physical causedDisasters by
phenomena humans and occur
caused either by inor close to
rapid or slow onset human
events which can settlements.
be geophysical,
Natural Disasters
Technological Disasters
Disaster Management
Is the organization and
management of resources and
responsibilities for dealing with all
humanitarian aspects of
emergencies, in particular
preparedness, response and
recovery in order to lessen the
impact of disasters.
 3 Phases of Disaster
Management
1) Disaster Preparedness
) It refers to measures taken to
prepare for and reduce the
effects of disasters.
) To predict and prevent disasters,
mitigate their impact on
vulnerable populations, and
2) Disaster Response
The primary aims of disaster
response are rescue from
immediate danger and stabilization
of the physical and emotional
condition of survivors.
Examples are recovery of the dead
and the restoration of essential
3) Disaster Recovery
It refers to programs which assist
those who have suffered the full
impact of a disaster to rebuild
their homes, lives and services
and to strengthen their capacity
to cope with future disasters.
 DISASTER PLANNING ISSUES

1) Occupant Issues
-) Regular Occupants
-) Transient (Temporary) occupants

2) Building Issues
3) Business Issues

DEVELOPING A DISASTER
RECOVERY PLAN
 Objectives of a
Disaster Recovery
Plan
to anticipate key risk factors
and reduce them
to ensure that staff are well
trained (with regular updates)
at detecting and responding to
incidents and the disasters
that they might escalate to
and are efficient in the disaster
recovery process
 to get the organization back on
its feet and operating as quickly
and as safely as possible, a
particularly important objective
in organizations with public
programs.
 Steps in developing a
Disaster Recovery
Plan
Phase I. Identify Business Issues
Phase II. Prioritize Critical Business
Needs
Phase III. Develop The Recovery Plan
LOSS CONTROL
 What is Loss Control?
Reducing & eliminating the
occurrence of undesired
events through engineering
controls, enforcement of
established procedures,
frequent training and
continuous evaluation.
 Undesired Events
Not an Accident, but a Loss
Incident
3 Causes
1. Lack of Control
2. Basic Causes
3. Immediate Causes
 Lack of Control
Inadequate Systems
Program in place hire, train and
evaluate desirable associates.
Inadequate Standards
Procedures in place to perform
critical tasks
Inadequate Compliance with
Standards
Established standards are not
enforced
 Basic Causes
Basic Causes have 2 major
categories
1. Personal Factors
Inadequate Capability
lack of Knowledge
Lack of Shill
2. Environmental
Inadequate Leadership
Inadequate Equipment
Inadequate Engineering
 Immediate Causes
The unsafe act or condition that caused
the event to occur.
2 Categories
1. Substandard Acts (Behavior)
Improper Lifting
Failure to Lock Out equipment
Using Equipment improperly

2. Substandard Conditions
Inadequate Guards
Defective Tools
Inadequate Illumination
 Mitigation
is a planning and prevention
technique, involves taking those
actions that will reduce the
impact of a disaster occurrence
on occupants, the building itself
and the various business
components.

LOSS PREVENTION
STRATEGIES
Key Elements in
Developing a Loss
Prevention Strategy
1) Identify the scope of a disaster
Criteria for determination of a disaster:

a) Impact of a disaster to the

proper functioning of a business
entity
b) Actions to prevent a disaster
 2) Nature of business operations

3) Time Frames
- Determination of the level of
downtime, which is the allowable
time for using alternate procedures
for a business to function again.

4) Cost
-Alternative procedures used to
maintain the business function
should be cost-effective.
 Purpose of Loss
Prevention
Take actions which can reduce the
occurrence of a disaster
Take actions which can minimize
potential losses
 Strategies to meet the
Purposes of Loss Prevention
1) Develop a loss prevention
policy
The management must give their
100% commitment to this program
of loss prevention
Areas of loss prevention must be
identified
Key levels of authority for
implementing loss prevention must
2) Identify and evaluate all
hazards
Assigned personnel for a
particular loss prevention area
must be able to identify all
possible hazards to ensure the
safety of other personnel.
3) Determine Recovery
Priorities
All operational requirements of a
company must be identified to
ensure continuous operations
4) Develop the loss prevention
program
For a successful and appropriate loss
prevention program, the following
factors must be considered:
- Nature of disaster
- Vulnerability of a particular risk
Loss prevention
techniques
 Flood Loss
Floods and ash ooding almost
always occur in Metro Manila
and many other states in the US.
Areas at particular risk are those
located in
low-lying areas
near water
downstream from a dam
 According to FEMA1, oods are the
most widespread of all disasters,
with the exception of re. Most
communities in the United States is
expected to experience some
ooding after:
spring rains
heavy thunderstorms
or winter snow thaws.
Dam failures -are
potentially the worst
ood event.
-is usually the result of
Neglect
poor design
or structural damage caused by
a major event such as
earthquake
When a dam fails, a gigantic
quantity of water is suddenly
let loose downstream,
destroying anything in its path.
 Watches Versus
Warnings
A flood watch advisory is
issued when ooding is possible
within an area. A ood warning
advisory is issued when a ood is
in progress or when ooding is
imminent. When ood warnings
are issued, immediate
preventive measures should be
initiated.
Preventive measures may include
actions such as:
relocating building contents to
areas within the facility that are
above predicted ood levels
initiating electrical system
shutdown procedures
readying evacuation procedures
and even intentionally ooding
below-grade areas.
 Post Flood
Assessment
All re protection equipment and
systems to determine operability.
The building structure, with
particular attention to foundation
damage.
Any damage caused by oating
debris, including waste products.
Any damage to worksite records,
documentation and other types of
work-in-progress.
 Records Recovery
Records recovery issues that should be
addressed include:
Post-ood records access.
Damage assessment.
Salvage planning.
Removal and packing of water-
damaged records and data.
Records/data disposal.
Vacuum and freeze drying
processes.
Storage.
 A well-organized records
recovery plan not only reduces
the costs of salvage and
restoration, it also minimizes the
impact on those functions that are
essential to business continuity.
 REFERENCES
[1] International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
Disaster Management. Retrieved August 27, 2012 from
http://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/disaster-management/about-disasters/definit
[2] Saltbones, O.A. (2006). Disaster Definitions. Retrieved from http://
www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/center-for-refugee-and-disaster-
[3] Davis, I. Emergency Health Training Programme for Africa.
Retrieved from http://www.who.int/disasters/repo/5506.pdf
[4] http://www.doe.gov.bz/documents/EIA/False%20Caye%20EIA%20-
%20PDF%20Version/Chapter%208%20Disaster%20Management.pdf
Retrieved August 30,2012.
THANKS FOR
LISTENING!