International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR)

ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-5, Issue-7, July 2017

The Global Attractors for the Higher-order

Kirchhoff-type Equation with Nonlinear Strongly
Damped Term
Guoguang Lin, Yuting Sun

u f ( x, u)

utt u M u
2
Abstract The paper studies the longtime behavior of (1.4)
solutions to the initial boundary value problem for a class of
Higher-order Kirchhoff models: where is associated with the initial tension, M is related
2 to the material properties of the rope, and u x, t indicates
utt ( mu 2 )()m ut ( mu )()m u g ( x, u) f ( x). the vertical displacement at the x point on the t . The
equation is more accurate than the classical wave equation to
For strong nonlinear damping and , we make assumptions describe the motion of an elastic rod.
(H1)-(H3). g x, u are nonlinear function specified later , we This kind of wave models has been studied by many
make assumptions (G1)-(G3). Under of the proper assume, the authors under different types of hypotheses. There have been
main results are existence and uniqueness of the solution are many researchers on the global attractors existence of
proved , and deal with the global attractors in natural energy Kirchhoff equation, we can refer 0 0 Error! Reference
space X H 0m H . source not found. Error! Reference source not found.
Error! Reference source not found.. Whats more, the
Index Terms strongly nonlinear damped, Higher-order global attractors for the Higher-order Kirchhoff-type equation
Kirchhoff equation, the global attractors. 2010 Mathematics are investigated and we refer to Error! Reference source not
Classification: 35B41, 35G31 found. Error! Reference source not found..
Igor Chueshov Error! Reference source not found.
I. INTRODUCTION
studied the longtime dynamics of Kirchhoff wave models with
We consider the following Higher-order strong nonlinear damping:
Kirchhoff-type equation with nonlinear strongly damping:
utt ( mu )()m ut ( mu )()m u g ( x, u) f ( x),( x, t ) 0, ,
2 2

utt u
2
u u u f u h u , x , t 0.
t
2

(1.1) (1.5)
.
u i
in natural energy space
u ( x, t ) 0, 0, i 1, 2, , m 1, x , t (0, ),
i
H H L 1
0
p 1
L .
2
His results allow
(1.2)
that the growth exponent p of the nonlinearity g u is
u( x,0) u0 ( x), ut ( x,0) u1 ( x), x .
supercritical, that is, p p p . Here the growth
. (1.3)
exponent p is called critical for H L as
1 p 1

where is a bounded domain of R with a smooth dirichlet

n

boundary and initial value, and m 1 is an integer
constant. Moreover, is the unit outward normal on
. ( s) and ( s) are scalar functions specified later,
g x, u are nonlinear function specified later. And f x is
an external force term.
This kind of wave models goes back to G. Kirchhoff Error!
Reference source not found.. In 1883,Kirchhoff proposed
the following model in the study of elastic string free
vibration:
Guoguang Lin, Department of Mathematics, Yunnan University
Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
Yuting Sun, Department of Mathematics, Yunnan University Kunming,
Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
*This work is supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of
People's Republic of China under Grant 11561076.
p p . He established a finite-dimensional global attractor
in the sense of partially strong topology in H . In
particular, in nonsupercritical case: (i) the partially strong
topology becomes strong; (ii) an exponential attractor is
obtained in H by virtue of the strong quasi-stability
estimates. Moreover, Chueshov[3] also studied the global
well-posedness and the longtime dynamics for the Kirchhoff
equations with a structural damping of the form
u , with 12 1, at an abstract level.
u
2
t
For the related works on the quasilinear wave equations
(rather than the semilinear ones) with strong damping.
Recently, Yang, Ding and Liu[4] put forward a
functional analysis method and used it to construct a a
bounded absorbing set in H , which is of higher

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 The Global Attractors for the Higher-order Kirchhoff-type Equation with Nonlinear Strongly Damped Term

global-regularity. They removed the restriction of partially In this section, we present some assumptions need in the proof
strong topology for H in [2] and established a strong of our results. For this reason, we assume nonlinear term
global attractor in supercritical nonlinearity case. g ,0 L2 ,satisfies that
About Higher-order Kirchhoff-type equation, Ling g p 1
Chen, Wei Wang and Guoguang Lin[7] investigate the global (G1) N 2 c(1 u ), p 1;
well-posedness and the longtime dynamics of solution for the u

higher-order Kirchhoff-type equation with nonlinear strongly
g p 1 N 2
dissipation: (G2) N 3 c 1 u , 1 p ;
u N 2
u ()m u ( D mu )()m u g (u ) f ( x)
2

tt t ~
G (u ) G( x, u )dx, G( x, u ) g ( x, )d
u
. (1.6) (G3)
0

Under of the proper assume, the main results are that

existence and uniqueness of the solution is prove by using
We make the following hypotheses on the function s and
priori estimate and Galerkin method, the existence of the s :
global attractor with finite-dimension, and estimation
Hausdorff and fractal dimension of the global. (H1) s C1 and s C1 ;
Subsequently, Yuting Sun, Yunlong Gao and Guoguang
Lin[8] investigate the global well-posedness and the global
(H2) s 0 amd s 0 ;
attractors of the solutions for the Higher-order Kirchhoff-type
(h3) s 0, and s 0 .
wave equation with nonlinear strongly damping:

utt mu 2
u u u f x .
m
t
m 2 m
III. THE EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTION
. (1.7)
Lemma 3.1 [5](Gronwall-type lemma) Let X be a Banach
For strong nonlinear damping and , we make space, and let Z C R , X . Let
X R be a
assumptions (H1) - (H4). Under of the proper assume, the main continuous function such that
results are existence and uniqueness of the solution in
H 2m H0m are proved by Galerkin method, and deal sup ( zt ) , z0 K . .
tR
with the global attractors. . (3.1)
At present, most Higher-order Kirchhoff-type equations
investigate the global. On the basis of Yang, we investigate
for some K 0 and every z Z . In addition, assume
the global attractor of the higher-order Kirchhoff-type that for every z Z the function t z t is
equation (1.1) with strong nonlinear damping. Such problems continuously differentiable, and satisfies the differentiable
2 inequality
have been studied by many authors, but ( m u ) is a

z t z t X k
2 d 2
definite constant and even ( m u ) 0 . Generally, the dt
equation exist a nonlinear g u . But in the paper, . (3.2)
0 k 0 independent of z Z . Then,
2
( m u ) is a scalar function and exist a for some and
K
nonlinear g ( x, u) . In section 2, we give some proper for every 0 , there is t0 0 , such that
assumes. In section 3, the existence and uniqueness of
solution is proved. In section 4, we deal with the global
attractor.
X

z t sup :
2
X
k , t t0 . .

II. PRELIMINARIES . (3.3)

R be an absolutely
H L ,
2 Lemma 3.2[5] Let y : R
For brevity, we denote the simple symbol,
continuous function satisfying
H 0m H 0m , H 0m1
yt 2yt h(t ) yt z (t ), t 0
d
H 0 , X H H , f f (x) , represents
m 1 m
0 dt
norm, represents inner product. is the first eigenvalue . (3.4)

of the operator . C is a constant. 0, z L1loc R , h d t s m

t
where
s

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 International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR)
ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-5, Issue-7, July 2017
for t s 0 and some m 0 . Then
K u t b mut a ut mu c f
2 2
.

yt e ( y(0)e z t e
t
t ( t )
m
d ), t 0 . . (3.14)
0
. (3.5) where a, b 0 and a, b is very small.
Substituting (3.13), (3.14) into (3.10), we have
Theorem 3.1[5] Let assumption (G1)-(G3) and (H1)-(H3)
u t a u t X c f .
be in force. Then problem (1.1)-(1.3) admits a unique solution d 2

.

u L (0, ; H ) m
0 , with ut L 0, ; L 2 dt

L2 0, ; H 0m . This solution possesses the following
.
According to Lemma 3.1, we get
(3.15)

propertiess:
(1)
c f 1
.
u (t ) sup t t0 c( R0 , f )
2
2 ,
ut u ut d c( R0 , f ), t 0
2 2 t
X
m m X
a
0
. (3.16)
. (3.6)
Hence,
(2) For any a 0,
ut mu cR0 , f , t t0 .
2

2
m .
ut L a, T ; H , m
0 utt L a, T ; H 0
. (3.7) . (3.17)

and there exists a small contant a2 0 , such that Integrating (3.15) over the interval 0t , and t t0 , we
can get
t 2 1 a2t
ut mu cR0 , f , t 0, t0
m 2
ut utt 2 ce c, t 0
2 2
2
t
. (3.8) . (3.18)
(3) The following Lipschitz continuity holds: Combining (3.17) and (3.18), when 0 , integrating (3.10)
z, zt 2X
c z0 , z1 X e a6t ,
2
t0

over the interval 0t , we obtain
2
. (3.9)

t
mut d c( R0 , f )
0
for some a6 0 , where z u1 u 2 , u1 , u 2 are the . (3.19)
solution of problem (1.1)-(1.3) corresponding to initial data
u , u i 1,2 , respectively.
i
0
i
1
According to (3.17), (3.18) and (3.19), we have

ut mu mut d cR0 , f
2 t 2
2
Proof: (1) We use ut u multiply both sides of equation 0
(1.1) and obtain, . (3.20)

v ut ,
u t K u t 0
d (2) Let
(3.10)
dt
u t ut , ut t
g
vtt mu vt mu v v H u, ut ; t 0
2 m 2 m
where
u
1 2 mu
2
mu
2 . (3.21)
u (t ) ut s ds 2G (u ) 2 f , u s ds ut , u
~
2 0
0
where
. (3.11)

2

H (u, ut ; t ) 2 mu () m v mu () m u mu, mv
K (u (t )) mu mut ut mu mu g (, u), u ( f , u)
2 2 2 2 2
.

We use
m
. (3.12) vt v multiply both sides of equation
Obviously, X R is continuous function. (3.21), and we get

From hypothesis, we get

u t a ut u c f
2 m 2
, .
v ,
tt
m
vt v 2 dt
vt vt , v vt
1 d m 2 d
dt
2

. (3.22)
. (3.13)

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 The Global Attractors for the Higher-order Kirchhoff-type Equation with Nonlinear Strongly Damped Term

mu m v vt v aR m vt mv t bR m vt m v
t
2 m 2 2 2 2


. (3.30)
u vt u
2 2 d 2
mv
m 2 m
2 dt According to (3.29), we obtain,
mu vt ( mu m v )
2 2 1 d 2 2

d 2
a2 a3 vt C mv C mv
2 dt 2

m v mu

2 2

mu , m v dt
. (3.31)
. (3.23)
mu 2 m v
When t 0,1 , we use t
( 2) multiply both sides of
m vt v mu v, vt mu mv
2 2 2

equation (3.31) and obtain,

. (3.24)
H u, u ; t
t
m
vt v
d
dt
t a2t a3t vt
2

2

2 mu (v, vt ) mu , m v mu (u , vt ) mu , m v
2

2
C m v t Ct m v .

m 2


m 2 m m


m 2



2 u v u , v u u u , m v
m 2 m

t 1bR m vt m v
2 2
m m

C R v vt C R u , v u, v v
m 2 m m
m 2



C R m v vt C R 1 m v m v 2
. (3.32)
. (3.25) Due to
2
m utt , 1,2
2
g
m vt v g v
v m vt g v 2 dx
-m vt C vt

u u u
(3.33)
. (3.26)
We can get
From assumption, we have
2
t 1 -mvt C t 1 vt t vt C ,
2
.
g
m vt g v m vt dx
v . (3.34)
u u
Because (1.1), we have
C v vt u p 1 v p 1 vt
m p 1 m

p 1

m utt ( mu u mu 2 u) m f g (, u)
2 2 2
m vt C mv
t
(3.27) . (3.35)

g 2
u
v dx C v 2
u
p 1
p 1
v
2
p 1
C m
v
2
m utt CR g , u dx CR

~
.
. (3.28) . (3.36)
Combining (3.22)-(3.28), we receive, Therefore, by the above inequality

d 1
m vt vt , v
mu
2 1 2 2
d 2
mv t a2t a3t vt
2
C m v t bR m v
dt 2 2 dt
mu vt mu
2 2 2
mv
2
. (3.37)

C R m v vt C R 1 m v m
v
2
vt
2
Owing to

m v
mu

2
mu, m v

2
1

v d c mut d t s 2 t s m
1 k
c
t t
m 2

u v, vt m vt C m v
2 2 m 2

s s 2

C R 1 v m
m
v
2
2 vt
2
m
vt
2
. (3.38)
. (3.29) and by Lemma 3.2, we have
Let
t 2 C1 , (3.39)
t m vt vt , v mu m v
1 2 1 2 2

2 2 that is
2 2 C1
Obviously, mutt mut , 0 t 1.
t2
. (3.40)

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 International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR)
ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-5, Issue-7, July 2017
When t 1 , and according to (3.31) and Lemma 3.2, we will 1 1
mu1 1 mu 2 d 0 .
~

2 2
12
obtain
2 0
2 2
mutt mut c ea2t c c
. (3.41) ( 1 2 ut1 ut2 , z )
m


Combining (3.40) and (3.41), we get
1 2 mut1 mut2 , m z
t 1 2

2
ut utt m
2 ce a2t c, t 0
2
. 2
t CR mut1 mut2 m z
. (3.42) . (3.48)
(3) Let z u1 u 2 , u i i 1,2 is the solution of the
problem (1.1)-(1.3), and u0 , u1 X . Then the two

i i 2
m z ( 1 mu1 , mut1 2 mu 2 , mut2 )
equations subtract and obtain

C R mut1 mut2 m z 2

ztt 12 t zt 12 t z G12 u1 , u 2 ; t 0
1 m 1 m
. (3.49)

.
2 2
(3.43)
g (, u ) g (, u
1 2
), z
c u1 1 z dx
p 1 p 1
u2
2
where 12 1 212 1 2 ,

i mu i , i mu i (i 1,2)
2 2
c( u1 z 2 z 2 )
p 1 p 1
u2
p 1 p 1 p 1

2
c m z

G12 u , u ; t 1 2 ut1 ut2 1 2 u1 u 2
1 21
2
m m

. (3.50)

g , u1 g , u 2
From the above, we have
By multiplying (3.43) by zt , we get d
dt
(zt , z 12 m z ) 12 m z zt
1
4
2 1
2
2 2

CR 1 mut1 mut2 m z 2

1 d 2 1 2 1
zt 12 m zt 12
d m 2 1
z 12 m z, m zt G 12 , zt 0 , (3.51)
2 dt 2 4 dt 2
. (3.44) Now, we deal with (3.44)

By multiplying (3.43) by z , we get (G12 , zt ) G1 t G2 t G3 t

. (3.52)
d
zt , z 1 12 d m z 1
G12 , z zt

2 2
12 m z
2

1 2 ut1 ut2 , zt
1
G1 t
m
dt 4 dt 2 where
. (3.45) 2
About (3.45), we have G2 t 12 mu1 mu 2 , m z m (u1 u 2 ), m zt

d
(zt , z 12 m z ) 12 m z g (, u1 ) g (, u 2 ), z
1 2 1 2

G3 t g x, u1 g x, u 2 , zt
dt 4 2

2
m 1 2 1
2

(1 2 u u , z ) ( 1 2 ut1 ut2 , z )
1 m
So

G1 G2 Ck m zt m z .
1
4
2

zt m z ( 1 mu1 , mut1 2 mu 2 , mut2 )
2
. (3.53)
(3.46)
Handle some items of (3.46), as follow
G3 C
u 1 p 1
u2
p 1

1 z zt dx
1
2
m
~

(1 2 u1 u 2 , z ) 12 ( u1 u 2 , z ) 2 ,
C z zt u1 p 1

p 1
u2
p 1

p 1 z p 1
zt p 1
(3.47) 2 2
a3 m zt C m z
where

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 The Global Attractors for the Higher-order Kirchhoff-type Equation with Nonlinear Strongly Damped Term

12 m z, m zt a4 m zt C m z
2 2 By (3.52), (3.53), (3.55) and (4.2), we have
.
1 d 2 2
a5 m zt c m1 z
2
. (3.55) zt
From the above, we get 2 dt
. (4.3)
1 d 2 2
a5 zt C z
2 m m
zt Combining (3.51) and (4.3), we obtain
2 dt d

2 2
a5 m zt a6 c m1 z Ck 1 mut1 mut2
. (3.56) dt
. (4.4)
Let
1 2
Therefore
z , zt 12 m z ~ zt
2
zt m z
2 2

z, zt X C z0 , z1 X ea t c 0 ek t
4 2 2 t 2
6
m1 z d
. (3.57)
Combining (3.51) and (3.56), we obtain . (4.5)
Theorem 4.2 Under the assume Theorem 3.1, the semigroup
d

2
a5 m zt a6 Ck 1 mut1 mut2 S t exists the global attractor in X .
dt
. (3.58) Proof.
therefore Set
wm,n u n (t tn T ) u m (t tm T ), tn tm T 0
z, zt X
2
C z , z e
0 1
2
X
a6t
. . , we have

w , wtm,n
2
. (3.59) m,n
ce kt c sup u n (tn T s ) u m (tm T s )
2

X 0 s t

. (4.6)
IV. THE GLOBAL ATTRACTOR According to (3.59), we get

Definition mapping S t : X X , such that w, wt X

2
C w , w e
0 1
2
X
a6t
c e a6 t m1w d
t

0
2

S t u0 , u1 u , ut , where u is the solution of the . (4.7)

problem (1.1). According to theorem 3.1, S t constitute Take u , u B

n
0
n
1 1 , u , u
n
0
n
1
X
R , then
the continuous operator semigroup in X .
u t is the solution of the
n
problem (1.1),

u C 0, ; H C 0, ; L .
Theorem 4.1 Under the assume Theorem 3.1, the continuous n m 1 2
operator semigroup S t exists the bounded absorbing set. 0

Lemma 4.1 Let the assumption of Theorem 3.1 be in force, We take tn tm T 0 , then
1 2
and u , u be two solution of the problem (1.1)-(1.3)
wm,n u n (t tn T ) u m (t tm T ), t0
corresponding to initial data u , u X , i 1, 2
i
0
i
1 . (4.8)
z u u . Then
1 2
By (4.7), we have

w , wtm,n ce a6t c sup m1u n (tn T s) m1u m (tm T s)

2 2
z, zt z0 , z1 e a6t c e k t m1 z d
2 2 t 2
C
m,n
X X 0 X 0 s t
. (4.1) . (4.9)
Proof The proof process of this part is similar to When t T , we receive
Theorem 3.1(3).
u (t ) u (tm ), utn (tn ) utm (tm )
2
n m
Now, we deal with (3.44) again. n
X

u
.
1 p 1 2 p 1
2
G3 C u 1 z zt dx ce a6T c sup m1u n (tn s) m1u m (tm s)
0 s T

z
. (4.10)
1 p 1 2 p 1
C z zt u u p 1
zt p 1
p 1 p 1 Because
2 2 C 0, c; H 0m C1 0, c; L2 C 0, c; H 0m1 , for any
a3 m zt c m1 z
. (4.2) c 0 , we can pull out a subsequence u n
in

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 International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR)
ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-5, Issue-7, July 2017

C 0, c; H 0m1 , and it is convergence. For any 0 , we

set T 0 , firstly, such that

ce a6T . (4.11)
2
Then, when m, n is largh enough, we have
2
sup m1u n (tn s) m1u m (tm s) . .
0 s T 2
. (4.12)
Therefore

u (tn ) u m (tm ), utn (tn ) utm (tm )

2
n
.
X
(4.13)

Thus, continuous operator semigroup S t is

asymptotically compact. So, the semigroup S t in X

exists the global attractor.

REFERENCES
[1] Kirchhoff, G. Vorlesungen fiber Mechanik. Tenbner, Stuttgarty, 1883.
[2] Igor, Chueshov. Longtime Dynamics of Kirchhoff Wave Models with
Strong Nonlinear Damping. Journal of Differential Equations,2012,
252, 1229-1262.
[3] Igor, Chueshov. Global attractors for a class of Kirchhoff wave
models with a structural nonlinear damping, J. Abstr. Differ. Equ. Appl.
2010, 1,86-106
[4] Zhijian Yang, Pengyan Ding, Zhiming Liu. Global attractor for the
Kirchhoff type equations with strong nonlinear damping and
supercritical nonlinearity, Appl. Math. Lett. 2014,33,12-17.
[5] Zhijian,Yang, Pengyan Ding. Longtime Dynamics of the Kirchhoff
N
Equations with Strong Damping and Critical Nonlinearity on R .
Journal of Mathematical Analysis Application, 2016,434, 1826-1851.
[6]Zhijian,Yang, Pengyan Ding, Lei Li. Longtime Dynamics of the
Kirchhoff Equations with Fractional Damping and Supercritical
Nonlinearity. Journal of Mathematical Analysis Application, 2016,442,
485-510.
[7] Ling Chen, Weiwang, Guoguang Lin. The global attractor and their
Hausdorff and fractal dimensions estimation for the higher-order
nonlinear Kirchhoff-type equation. Journal of Advances in Mathematics,
2016, 10,1-15.
[8] Yuting Sun, Yunlong Gao, Guoguang Lin, The global attractors for the
Higher-order Kirchhoff-type equation with nonlinear strongly damped
term. International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and
Application, 2016, 5, 203-217

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