PRC 2 LAB MANUAL

Job # 1
Concrete Mix Design And Casting Of Sample For Different Test
Code: ACI 211.1

Objective of concrete mix design:

To determine the most economical and practical combination of available materials

Aggregates, cements, water, admixtures, etc. To produce a concrete that will satisfy the
Performance requirements which include but not limited to.
o Strength
o Durability
o Workability

Apparatus:
Moulds for samples to be prepared
a. Cylinders (150mm (dia) x 300mm (length))
b. Cubes (150mm x 150mm x 150mm)
Concrete mixer
Weighing balance
Temping rod

Related Theory:

Portland cement concrete (PCC):

It is mixture of binding material (cement), Aggregates (fine & Coarse) and water. There may bea
Host of other materials, called additives. These include air entraining agents, accelerators,
Decelerators, coloring agents such as carbon black, fly ash, pozzolanz, silica fume, water-
Reducing agents, super-plasticizers, among others.

Cementing Materials:
Any material that can be made plastic and that gradually hardens to form an artificial stone like
Substance is called a cementatious material. Hydraulic cements, namely Portland and natural,
Along with limes, fly ash, and silica fume, is currently the principal cementing materials used in

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Structures.
The most frequently used cements are as follows:
Type I: normal or general purpose
Type II: moderately sulfate resistant
Type III: high early strength
Type IV: low heat of hydration
Type V: sulfate resistant

Aggregates:
Aggregates are the inert particles that are bound together by the cementing agent (such as
Portland cement) to form a mortar or a concrete
Coarse Aggregates:
Coarse aggregates constitute the largest portion of the concrete. The main purpose of coarse
aggregates is to provide strength. In normal strength concrete compressive strength is mainly
contributed by the coarse aggregates. These are the particles retained on sieve # 4 (with an
opening of 5mm).

Fine Aggregates:
Fine aggregates are those aggregates which pass from sieve # 4 (whose dia is less than 5mm) and
retained on the sieve # 200.

Concrete:
Concrete is a manmade rock.it is a mixture of fine aggregate, coarse aggregates, binding
material, and water.

Parameters required for the concrete mix design:

o Specific compressive strength
o Required slump
o Maximum aggregate size
o Fineness modulus
o Specific gravity of fine and coarse aggregates
o Bulk density of coarse aggregates
o Absorption capacity of coarse and fine aggregates
o Exposure condition

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Procedure:
Step # 1:
Determine required/design compressive strength,
1. = + 7.0Mpa for < 21Mpa
2. = + 8.3Mpa for = 21 to 35Mpa
3. = 1.10 +5.0Mpa for >35Mpa
Step # 2:
Find the slump based on
o Workability
o Type of structure
Step # 3:
Water and Air content
Water and air content depends upon
o Amount of air entrained
o Shape of aggregates
Step # 4:
Water cement ratio (/)
Water cement ratio depends upon target compressive strength
Step # 5:
Find Cement content

Amount of cement C (kg/ m3 of concrete) = /
Step # 6:
Coarse Aggregates
Find bulk volume of coarse aggregates and it depends upon
o Size of aggregates
o Fineness modulus of fine aggregates

= (1 + 0.01) x Density x Volume

= weight of Aggregates
Step # 7:
Calculate weight of fine aggregate:

= (1000 (w + + +))

o = weight of fine aggregates

o = specific gravity of fine aggregates
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o = specific gravity of cement

o = specific gravity of coarse aggregates
o = Air entrained
o W = weight of water
Step # 8:
Extra water
= Absorb Capacity x + Absorb Capacity x + W
Step # 9:
Mix Ratio
Cement: Sand: Aggregates

Comments:

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