Example: 1 Equation to the straight line cutting off an intercept 2 from the negative direction of the axis of y and

inclined at 30 to the positive direction of x, is

(a) y x 3 0 (b) yx20 (c) y 3x 2 0 (d)
3y x 2 3 0
Example: 2 The equation of a straight line passing through ( 3, 2) and cutting an intercept equal in magnitude but
opposite in sign from the axes is given by
[Rajasthan PET 1984; MP PET 1993]
(a*) x y5 0 (b) x y 5 0 (c)
x y 5 0 (d) x y5 0
Example: 3 The equation of the straight line passing through the point (4, 3) and making intercept on the co-
ordinates axes whose sum is 1, is
x y x y x y x y
(a) 1 and 1 (b) 1 and 1
2 3 2 1 2 3 2 1
x y x y x y x y
(c) 1 and 1 (d*) 1 and 1
2 3 2 1 2 3 2 1
Example: 4 Let PS be the median of the triangle with vertices P(2, 2), Q(6, 1) and R(7, 3). The equation of the line
passing through (1, 1) and parallel to PS is
(a) 2 x 9 y 7 0 (b) 2 x 9 y 11 0 (c) 2 x 9 y 11 0 (d*)
2x 9y 7 0
2.4 Equation of Parallel and Perpendicular lines to a given Line.
x y
Example: 5 The equation of the line passes through (a, b) and parallel to the line 1 , is [Rajasthan
a b
PET 1986, 1995]
x y x y x y
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d)
a b a b a b
x y
20
a b
Example: 6 A line passes through (2, 2) and is perpendicular to the line 3 x y 3 . Its y-intercept is [IIT 1

1 2 4
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d)
3 3 3
4
Example: 8 The equation of line passing through 1, and perpendicular to 3 sin 2 cos is [EAMCET 2
2 r
(a) 2 3 r cos 2r sin (b) 5 2 3 r sin 4 r cos

(c) 2 3 r cos 2r sin (d) 5 2 3 r sin 4 r cos

Example: 9 The equation of the line bisecting perpendicularly the segment joining the points ( 4, 6) and (8, 8) is
[Karnataka CET 2003]
(a) 6 x y 19 0 (b) y 7 (c) 6 x 2 y 19 0 (d)
x 2y 7 0

2.5 General equation of a Straight line and its Transformation in Standard

forms.

2.6 Selection of Co-ordinate of a Point on a Straight line.

(1) If the equation of the straight line be ax by c 0 , in order to select a point on it, take the
a c
x co-ordinate according to your sweet will. Let x ; then a by c 0 or y ;
b
 a c
, is a point on the line for any real value of . If 0 is taken then the point
b
c
will be 0, .
b
c
-Similarly a suitable point can be taken as ,0 .
a
(2) If the equation of the line be x c then a point on it can be taken as (c, ) where has any
real value.
In particular (c, 0) is a convenient point on it when 0 .
(3) If the equation of the line be y c then a point on it can be taken as (, c) where has any
real value.
In particular (0, c) is a convenient point on it when 0 .
Example: 11 If we reduce 3 x 3 y 7 0 to the form x cos y sin p , then the value of p is [MP PET 2

7 7 3 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 3 2
7
3 2

Solution: (d) Given equation is 3 x 3 y 7 0 , Dividing both sides by 32 32

3x 3y 7 3 3 7 7 7
0 x y , p .
3 3
2 2
3 3
2 2
3 3
2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2