Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties
Reference Guide
With good chemistry great things happen.

Ashland at a glance
Ashland Inc. (NYSE: ASH) is a global leader in providing At Ashland, we are more than 10,000 people from renowned
specialty chemical solutions to customers in a wide range of scientists and research chemists to talented engineers
consumer and industrial markets. We use good chemistry to and plant operators working together to deliver value to
make great things happen for customers in more than 100 customers around the world.
countries.
As a global company, however, Ashland has broader social
Our innovative products and services add value to a variety responsibilities that go beyond our customers and into the
of things that touch peoples lives every day. Our chemistries regions, countries and cities where we live and work. From
help whiten your teeth, protect you from the sun and make giving back to our local communities through volunteer service
your medicine work more effectively. They help create more and charitable contributions, to providing comprehensive
sustainable building products and energy sources. They help safety, compliance and employee development programs,
your cars, trucks and other vehicles run better. Our ingredients we are dedicated to responsibly managing our global
can be found across a broad spectrum of applications, environmental, health, safety and security obligations and
including adhesives, architectural coatings, automotive, positively contributing to our communities.
construction, energy, food and beverage, personal care and
pharmaceutical. For more information, visit us at ashland.com.
North America
Employees: 7,000 Europe
Manufacturing Sites: 34 Employees: 1,700
R&D/Tech Centers: 8 Manufacturing Sites: 14
R&D/Tech Centers: 8
Asia Pacific
Latin America and Other Employees: 1,500
Employees: 300 Manufacturing Sites: 5
Manufacturing Sites: 2 R&D/Tech Centers: 8
R&D/Tech Centers: 5
Worldwide
Employees: ~10,500
Manufacturing Sites: 55
R&D/Tech Centers: 29
2 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Contents
Product overview Gantrez ES copolymers............................................................................................. 33
Solvents, intermediates and surfactants............................................................. 6 EasySperse polymeric dispersant range....................................................... 33
Vinyl monomers.............................................................................................................. 7 Stabileze QM polymer........................................................................................... 34
Performance polymers........................................................................................... 8-9 I-Rez 160 copolymer................................................................................................34
Specialty chemicals....................................................................................................... 9 Aquaflex FX-64 copolymer................................................................................. 35
Surfactants, solvents and intermediates Aquaflex XL-30 copolymer...................................................................................... 35
Surfadone solvent/wetting agent................................................................... 10 Jaypol acrylates......................................................................................................... 36
Easy-Wet 20 wetting agent.................................................................................. 11 Ashland 940 and 980 carbomers...................................................................... 37
Dextrol and Strodex phosphate esters................................................ 12-13 RapiThix A-100 polymer........................................................................................ 38
Emulsifiers, dispersants and lubricants............................................................. 14 RheoThix 601 thickening agent......................................................................... 38
Ceraphyl, Cerasynt and Emulsynt emulsifiers...................................... 14 Rapifloc A1-MG polymers..................................................................................... 39
Vinyl monomers Bondwell, Blanose, Aqualon CMC............................................................. 40
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone....................................................................................... 15 Ambergum water-soluble polymers.............................................................. 41
V-Cap vinylcaprolactam........................................................................................ 15 Natrosol, Natrosol B and Natrosol Plus hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)...42-44
Rapi-cure DVE-3 ether............................................................................................. 16 Admiral, Liberty and Natrosol FPS................................................................. 45
Rapi-cure HBVE ether................................................................................................. 16 Culminal, Benecel methylcellulose........................................................ 46-49
Culminal, Benecel methylcellulose derivatives............................................. 48
Performance polymers
PVP K-series polymers......................................................................................... 17-18 Culminal, Benecel methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC).................... 48
ViviPrint 540 polymers.............................................................................................19 Culminal, Combizell methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC)................ 49
PVPP polymers.............................................................................................................. 19 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC)............................................................. 50
Xxtradura 5636 rheology modifier................................................................... 20 Aqualon ethylcellulose (EC)................................................................................. 51
Disintex disintegrants.............................................................................................. 20 Galactasol derivatized guar................................................................................. 52
Polyplasdone and Polyclar PVPP.................................................................... 21 Specialty chemicals
Vinylpyrrolidone copolymers................................................................................ 21 Escalol UV filters........................................................................................................ 52
Ganex/Antaron polymers...................................................................................22 Micropowder Iron.................................................................................................... 53
PVP/VA polymers......................................................................................................... 23 Iron Pentacarbonyl...................................................................................................... 53
Polectron 430/Antara polymer....................................................................... 24 Drewplus/Advantage defoamers........................................................... 55-56
Vinylpyrrolidone/alkylaminomethacrylate and pHLEX neutralizing additive............................................................................... 57
alkylaminomethacrylamide copolymers......................................................... 24
Charts .........................................................................................................................58-71
Sorez HS-205 and Gafquat copolymers..................................................... 25
Gafquat HS-100 polymer...................................................................................... 25
Styleze CC-10 copolymer....................................................................................... 26 This brochure is organized into four categories representing
major chemical families of Ashland products.
Setleze 3000 copolymer....................................................................................... 26
Styleze W polymers.................................................................................................... 26
Styleze 2000 and Acrylidone LM polymers................................................ 27 Surfactants, Solvents and Intermediates
UltraThix P-100 crosspolymer............................................................................. 27 pages 1014
Vinylcaprolactam polymers................................................................................... 28
Gaffix/Copolymer VC-713 polymer................................................................... 28 Vinyl Monomers
Aquaflex SF-40 polymer....................................................................................... 29 pages 1516
Aquastyle 300 tetrapolymer............................................................................... 29
Chromabond polymer............................................................................................30 Performance Polymers
Sorez 100 copolymer................................................................................................. 30 pages 1752
Aquaflow polymers................................................................................................. 31
Gantrez AN copolymers........................................................................................ 32
Specialty Chemicals
Gantrez S copolymers............................................................................................... 33
pages 5257
Gantrez MS copolymers........................................................................................... 33
Performance Specialties Reference Guide 3

Chemical/product trade name cross-reference
Chemical Name Ashland Brand
Acrylate polymer sodium salt RheoThix 601
Acrylic acid polymers Jaypol, Carbomer, Rapifloc
Acrylic acid / VP crosspolymer UltraThix
Carbonyl iron powders Micropowder Iron
Carboxymethylcellulose Aqualon, Bondwell, CMC, Blanose
Esters and hydroxyesters Ceraphyl, Cerasynt
2-ethylhexyl palmitate Ceraphyl 368 M
2-hydroxyethyl stearate Cerasynt M
2-hydroxyethyl sterate and ethylenglycol Cerasynt IP
Bis (2-ethylhexyl) malate Ceraphyl 45
C12-C15 alkyl lactate Ceraphyl 41
Castor oil monomeleate Ceraphyl RMT
Decyl oleate Ceraphyl 140
Diisopropyl adipate Ceraphyl 230
Glyceryl stearate and polyxyethylene lauryl ether Cerasynt 945
Glyceryl sterate Cerasynt SD
Hexadecyl lactate Ceraphyl 28
Isocetyl stearate Ceraphyl 494
Isocetyl stearoyl stearate Ceraphyl 791
Isodecyl neopentanoate Ceraphyl SLK
Isodecyl oleate Ceraphyl 140 A
Isohexadecanol Ceraphyl ICA
Isotearyl neopentanoate Ceraphyl 375
Lauryl lactacte Ceraphyl 31
Maleated soybean oil Ceraphyl NGA
Octyldoddecyl stearoyl steate Ceraphyl 847
Octyldodecyl stearate Ceraphyl ODS
Propylene glycol monostearate Cerasynt PA
Tetradecyl lactate Ceraphyl 50
Tetradecyl tertradecanoate Ceraphyl 424
Tridecyl neopentanoate Ceraphyl 55
Ethylcellulose Aqualon EC
Foam Control (defoamers and anti-foam) Drewplus/Advantage
Guar Derivatives (nonionic, anionic, cationic) Galactosol
Hydrophobically modified polyacetal-polyethers Aquaflow
Hydroxyethylcellulose Natrosol
Hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose Natrosol Plus
Hydroxypropylcellulose Klucel
Iron pentacarbonyl Iron Pentacarbonyl
Isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer I-Rez
Isobutylene/ethylmaleimide/hydroxyethylmaleimide copolymer Aquaflex

Chemical/product trade name cross-reference
Chemical Name Ashland Brand
Methylcellulose Combizell, Culminal, Benecel
Methylhydroxyethylcellulose Benecel, Culminal, Combizell
Methylhydroxypropylcellulose Culminal, Benecel, Combizell
Methylvinylether / maleic anhydride copolymer Gantrez AN
Methylvinylether / maleic acid copolymer Gantrez S
Methylvinylether / maleic acid half esters copolymer Gantrez ES, EasySperse
N-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidone Surfadone LP-300
N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone (NOP) Surfadone LP-100
Polyethylene glycol polyester copolymer Sorez 100
Poly (methylvinylether/maleic anhydride decadiene) crosspolymer Stabileze QM polymer
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone PVP
Polyvinylpyrrolidone alkylated Ganex/Antaron
Polyvinylpyrrolidone / polystyrene Polectron/Antara
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP ) ViviPrint, Disintex, PolyClar
Pyridine, 4-ethenyl-, homopolymer, sodium chloroacetate quaternized Chromabond
Surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents Easy-Wet, Dextrol, Strodex, Surfadone
Ultraviolet absorbers Escalol
1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-terbutylphenyl) propan-1,3-dione Escalol 517
2,2-[6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl] bis {5-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]phenol} Escalol S
2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate Escalol 598
2-Ethylhexyl-pdimethylaminobenzoate Escalol 507
2-Ethylhexyl-p methoxycinnamate Escalol 557
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate Escalol 587
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone Escalol 567
5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene sulfonic acid Escalol 577
Vinyl caprolactam (VCP) V-Cap
Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) V-Pyrol
Vinylpyrrolidone copolymers
Vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers PVP/VA polymers
Vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate Sorez, Gafquat
Vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide copolymer Styleze, ViviPrint, Setleze
Vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride Gafquat
Vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/ methacryloylaminopropyllauryl dimethyl ammonium
Styleze
chloride terpolymer
Vinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid/lauryl methacrylate terpolymer Styleze, Acrylidone
Vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate terpolymer Gaffix
Vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam copolymer Inhibex
Vinyl caprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide terpolymer Aquaflex
Vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl caprolactam/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide and methacryloylaminopropyl lauryl
Aquastyle
dimethyl ammonium chloride tetrapolymer

Surfactants, solvents and intermediates
Surfactants CHP solvent (n-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone): Individual
T he Surfadone alkyl pyrrolidones are hydrophobic in cosolvent or in combination with M-Pyrol n-methyl-2-
nature, functioning as excellent wetting agents and effective pyrrolidone and BLO gamma-butyrolactone solvents to
dispersing and cleaning aids. enhance performance by broadening solubility range in
circuit board fabrication, cleaning formulations, dyeing bath
Dextrol and Strodex phosphate ester surfactants are additive and paint strippers.
leading technologies within our extensive portfolio of high- The common characteristic of these chemicals is high solubility
quality additives. These high-performance specialty surfactants in hydrophilic media.
exhibit superior wetting and emulsifying properties and
are unique in that their compositions can be modified to Propargyl Alcohol and Butynediol, due to their high

achieve specific properties. Dextrol and Strodex phosphate electron density of the acetylenic bond, function as metal-
ester surfactants demonstrate a strong viscosity profile and complexing and corrosion-inhibiting agents.
broad compatibility as well as good stability to a wide range Butenediol, having a cis double bond enters into

of temperatures, pH and hard water. They provide corrosion Diels-Alder reactions, and Butanediol finds application
inhibition, emulsification and dispersion properties. as a plasticizer and humectant.
All four alcohols function as precursors to numerous
Solvents and intermediates
derivatives such as esters, carbamates, polyesters and
Pyrrolidones: This family of chemicals varies in properties urethanes.
as a function of substitution on the lactam nitrogen atom. All
THF is an inert solvent for numerous polymer and

members are characterized by low vapor pressure, high flash
organometallic reactions and is the precursor of
point, high dipole moment, ready complex formation, surface
polytetramethyleneglycol.
activity as the alkyl chain lengthens, and biodegradability when
the alkyl chain is linear. B
LO gamma-butyrolactone is a polar solvent for ionic
substrates and functions as an acid donor in aqueous media
2-Pyrol 2-pyrrolidone is used as a humectant, cosolvent
at elevated temperatures.
with water, coalescent aid and plasticizer.
The lower alkyl pyrrolidones, most notably M-Pyrol Emulsifiers, dispersants and lubricants
n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, are excellent polymer solvents, Ashland has a broad family of water-insoluble esters and
paint and photoresist strippers, paint coalescents, industrial hydroxyesters sold under the Ceraphyl and Cerasynt
cleaners and extraction solvents. trademarks as lubricants, dispersants and emulsifiers. These
M-Pyrol solvent (n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone): Solvent, chemicals typically are surface active and find use in HI&I,
cosolvent and diluent. Used in cleaners, coating and plastics, textile, photography, inks and coatings markets. A
photoresist strippers, coalescents and rechargeable battery variety of esters is available with a range of properties, including
manufacture. liquids and waxy solids. In addition, amide and quaternary-
ammonium salts are available.
NEP solvent (n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone): Low-temperature
reaction solvent for temperature-sensitive reactions and
cosolvent used individually or in combination with other
water-soluble solvents. Used as an alternative for n-methyl-2-
pyrrolidone.
HEP solvent (n-hydroxyethyl-2-pyrrolidone): Cosolvent
formulated individually or in combination with M-Pyrol
solvent for strippers and cleaners and as an intermediate.
Not available in EMEA

Vinyl monomers
Vinyllactam ethers are offered for applications
based on the utility of their olefin linkage.
V-Pyrol inhibited or caustic n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is

water-soluble and undergoes free radical homo- and
copolymerizations as well as grafting reactions. V-Pyrol
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is a low-viscosity reactive diluent for
UV radiation curing processing.
V-Cap n-vinyl-2-caprolactam is only slightly soluble in
water, but can function in many applications similar to
V-Pyrol n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.
Fully formulated UV-curable Gafgard coating systems
impart abrasion and solvent resistance to a wide variety
of surfaces.

The largest family of polymers produced by Ashland is based Acrylate Chemistry
on n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and cellulose ethers. These include Ashland offers one of the worlds broadest portfolios of high-
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) homopolymers and copolymers. performing acrylate chemistry. The breadth of our product
The latter contain functionality from coreactants, including portfolio means that we can offer chemistry that is highly
vinyl acetate, PVP/VA, alpha-olefin, and Ganex/Antaron targeted to particular applications. Our products include
1
copolymers. Dimethylaminoalkylene-methacrylate or rheology modifiers, dispersants, cobinders and emulsifiers
-methacrylamide copolymers and their derivatives make that work as processing aids and performance enhancers for
up the Gafquat and styrene and Polectron/Antara 430 applications as diverse as paint and coatings, cleaning
copolymers.2 Many properties are shared among the groups, products, oilfield chemicals, textile manufacture, water
but each also has unique characteristics, varying with structure. treatment and more.
The following are examples:
P
VP: high polarity, dispersancy, hydrophilicity, adhesion, Cellulose Ethers
cohesivity and high Tg. Cellulose ethers are divided into ionic and nonionic
PVP/VA: thermoplasticity, oxygen permeability, varying
types. The ionic cellulose ethers, Aqualon/Blanose/
hydrophilicity and adhesion. Bondwell/AquaVIS sodium carboxymethylcellulose,
contain substituents that are anionic electrically
Ganex/Antaron copolymers: hydrophobicity, an emulsifier

charged. Nonionic cellulose ethers include Natrosol
and dispersant for nonaqueous systems.
hydroxyethylcellulose, Benecel and Culminal/
Gafquat copolymer: basicity, substantivity and high charge
Combizell methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose and
density. methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose
P
olectron/Antara copolymers: thickening and opacifying and Aqualon ethylcellulose and carry electrically neutral
emulsion. substituents. Nonionic cellulose ethers can be further classified
by their solubility in cold, warm or hot water, and in organic
Ashland also offers polymers based on V-Cap reactive solvents.
monomer. These include vinylcaprolactam homopolymers,
copolymers with vinylpyrrolidone and terpolymers containing Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of anhydroglucose
both lactam monomers and dimethylaminoalkylene- units, which are linked through beta-glycosidic bonds. The
methacrylate or -methacrylamide. These polymers are generally number n of anhydroglucose units in the polymer chain is
more hydrophobic than the V-Pyrol reactive monomer- defined as the degree of polymerization (DP).
based products mentioned above but offer many of the
functional properties inherent in the lactam ring. Among Each anhydroglucose ring carries three free OH groups
other applications, Inhibex polymers are highly efficient as at positions 2, 3 and 6. Ethers of cellulose are formed by
inhibitors of gas hydrate formation. substituting one or more of the three hydroxyl groups. The
distribution of the substituents introduced onto the polymer
A range of alternating copolymers based on methylvinylether chain is largely determined by the relative reactivity of these
and maleic anhydride are produced by Ashland: three OH groups.
The Gantrez AN family of methylvinylether/maleic The number of substituted hydroxyl groups per
anhydride copolymers is characterized by aprotic polar anhydroglucose unit is expressed as DS or average degree of
solvent solubility and reaction with protic compounds such substitution. The DS can vary between 0 and 3. In the case of
as water, alcohols and amines with facile film formation. alkoxylation, the molar ratio of alkoxy groups in the side chains
The hydrolyzed Gantrez S polycarboxylic acid resins to cellulose is specified and expressed as the average molecular
function as dispersants, divalent cation binding agents and substitution (MS). Instead of DS and MS, the weight percent of
the substituents in the cellulose ether is often quoted. The use
polymeric acidifiers.
of one etherification agent in the substitution process results in
a simple cellulose ether, whereas using different kinds of agents
leads to mixed ethers. Industrial cellulose ethers are alkyl,
alkylhydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl and carboxyalkyl ethers.
Ganex is sold as Antaron in Europe and Canada.

1
Polectron 430 is sold as Antara 430 in Europe and Asia Pacific.

2

Performance polymers Specialty chemicals
Rheology Modifiers Ultraviolet Absorbers
Aquaflow nonionic synthetic associative thickeners (NSATs) The Escalol family of UV absorbers are high-boiling, water-
are efficient thickeners for high-performance waterborne insoluble liquid esters with broad absorption in the UV-B
coatings. These easy-to-handle liquids build rheology in radiation region (290 to 320 nm).
paints and coatings through self-association and interaction
with other ingredients. Aquaflow rheology modifiers are Carbonyl Iron Powder
based on hydrophobically modified polyacetal-polyether
Micropowder iron powders are characterized as fine, high-
(HM-PAPE) chemistry and are designed to function as drop-in
purity, micron-size spherical particles with superior electronic
replacements for urethane-type (HEUR) thickeners.
and magnetic properties.
Foam Control Agents

Drewplus and Advantage defoamers comprise a range
of proprietary products that effectively control foam and
entrained air in industrial processes and wastewater systems.
In addition to collapsing or breaking down existing foam,
the products remain on the waters surface to prevent the
formation of future foam. Ashland offers a range of highly
efficient, hydrocarbon-, vegetable oil-, polysiloxane- and
polyglycol-based antifoaming agents.

Surfadone LP-100 solvent/wetting agent Surfadone LP-300 solvent/wetting agent
N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone N-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidone
Applications Applications
Soil penetrant and softener in hard-surface cleaners, laundry High-boiling solvent for polymers and hydrophobic
prespotters and metal cleaning. substances.
Wetting agent for dish washing, industrial and institutional Substitute for fluorocarbon surfactants used for oil well
cleaners. stimulation.
Isopropyl alcohol replacement in fountain solutions. Additive in hand or automatic dish washing detergents.
Solvent for polymers and hydrophobic substances. Ingredient in pressure-sensitive adhesives.
Pigment dispersion aid and pigment conditioning solvent.
Physical Properties
Component of photoresist strippers.
Boiling point 145 C @ 0.2 mm Hg
Wetting agent for aqueous systems.
Flash point 116 C
Component in microemulsifying systems.
Freezing point 10 C
Physical Properties Viscosity 17 cP @ 25 C
Boiling point 100 C @ 0.3 mm Hg Minimum equilibrium surface tension 26 mN/m @ 20 ppm
Vapor pressure <0.001 mm Hg @ 25 C
Chemistry
Flash point 113 C
Surfadone LP-300 wetting agent is sparingly soluble in water
Freezing point -25 C (0.02 weight percent) and soluble in most organic solvents. It is
Viscosity 8 cP @ 20 C a low-foaming, nonionic surfactant with an HLB of 3 and has no
critical micelle concentration. Like its lower homolog, Surfadone
Minimum equilibrium surface tension 28 mN/m @ LP-300 wetting agent interacts with anionic surfactants
1200 ppm forming mixed micelles that greatly enhance its solubility,
Minimum dynamic surface tension 35 mN/m @ resulting in a synergistic surface tension reduction and wetting
10 bubbles/sec enhancement. Appropriate combinations of Surfadone LP-
300 wetting agent and anionic surfactants produce viscous
Chemistry solutions and gels.
Surfadone LP-100 wetting agent is a low-foaming, nonionic
rapid wetting agent with an HLB of 6 and having no critical
micelle concentration. Due to the electron delocalized lactam
ring, Surfadone LP-100 wetting agent interacts with anionic
surfactant micelles. This greatly enhances its water solubility,
resulting in a synergistic surface tension reduction and wetting
enhancement at low concentrations.

Easy-Wet 20 wetting agent
Applications
Hard-surface cleaners.
Glass and tile cleaners.
Industrial and institutional cleaners.
Textile processing.
Pigment wetting.
Benefits
Faster wetting.
Lower use levels.
Low contact angles.
Improved spreading on most surfaces.
Better equilibrium surface tension.
Enhanced cleaning performance.
Physical Properties
Physical form Clear liquid
pH (10 wt% aq.) 4.0-6.0
Viscosity 15-30 cP @ 25 C
Specific gravity @ 25 C 0.92-0.95
Chemistry
Easy-Wet 20 wetting agent is a proprietary super-wetting agent
in a convenient-to-use liquid form. Easy-Wet 20 wetting agent
is a cost-effective premium wetter/surfactant suitable for HI&I
cleaning, textiles, pigments and other industrial applications
where superior wetting and spreading performance is required.

Surfactants
Phosphate esters and specialty surfactants
Dextrol and Strodex phosphate ester surfactants are leading technologies within our ever- PO4-2 Monoester
expanding portfolio of high-performance additives. Dextrol and Strodex surfactants have been
developed for high performance in a variety of end-use applications by engineering specific PO4-1 Diester
chemistries under precisely controlled reaction conditions. Dextrol and Strodex are unique mono-
and diester phosphates as well as specialty surfactants that provide wetting, improve dispersion and
emulsion stabilization, and provide corrosion protection. PO4-1 Coester
Surface Tension: 0.1

Salt Chemical Description/ Typical Active Typical Viscosity Relative Solubility
Product Active wt% in water;
Form Moles of EO Content [%] [cP at 25 C] in Water
pH ~7[dynes/cm]
Phosphate Ester of Nonylphenol
Dextrol OC-20/22 H 97 5,600 35.3 Hydrophilic
Ethoxylate (10 moles)
Dextrol OC-15 H 97 3,600 30.3
Alcohol Ethoxylate (6 moles)
Dextrol OC-100 H 97 36,000 33.4 Hydrophobic
Alcohol Ethoxylate (3 moles)
Phosphate Ester of Decyl
Dextrol OC-94 H 98 20,000 Hydrophilic
Alcohol Ethoxylate
Phosphate Ester of Tridecyl
Dextrol OC-93Z H 99 3,500
Alcohol Ethoxylate
Phosphate Ester of Tridecyl Alcohol
Dextrol OC-70 H 97 800 36.2
Dextrol OC-60 H 97 800 30.1
Phosphate Ester of Lauryl Alcohol
Dextrol OC-97 H 98 1,500
Ethoxylate
Dextrol OC-40 H 97 800 26.5 Hydrophobic
Strodex FT-100 H Phosphated Alcohol 99 4,000 50 Hydrophilic
Strodex LH-55 H 80 10,000
Ethoxylate
Phosphate Coester of Aliphatic
Strodex SE-100 H 96 200 27.9
Ethoxylate Mixture
Phosphate Coester of Alcohol
Strodex P-100 H 98 600 29.8
and Aliphatic Ethoxylate
Phosphate Ester of Oleyl Alcohol
Zenix 4617 H 98 3,300
Ethoxylate
Strodex MO-100 H Phosphated Alcohol 98 1,300 43 Hydrophobic
Bold = Not available in EMEA

Surfactants
Typical Typical Surface Tension: 0.1 Relative
Phosphate Salt Chemical Description/
Product Active Viscosity [cP Active wt% in Water; Solubility in
Acid Source Form Moles of EO
Content [%] at 25 C] pH ~7 [dynes/cm] Water
Dextrol OC-7525 Dextrol OC-70 NH4 10 25 600 36.2 Hydrophilic
Dextrol OC-78N Dextrol OC-70 Na 10 89 15,000 36.2
Dextrol OC-6025 Dextrol OC-60 NH4 6 25 600 26.5
Dextrol OC-180 Dextrol OC-60 K 6 45 600 30.1
Dextrol OC-180HS Dextrol OC-60 Na 6 90 2,000
Dextrol OC-50 Dextrol OC-15 Na 6 90 6,000 30.3
Dextrol OC-4025 Dextrol OC-40 NH4 3 25 600 26.5
Dextrol OC-45N Dextrol OC-40 Na 3 82 8,600 26.5 Hydrophobic
Strodex FT-50K Strodex FT-100 K Phosphated Alcohol 50 < 100 50 Hydrophilic
Phosphate Coester Aliphatic
Strodex SEK-50D Strodex SE-100 K 50 100 27.9
Ethoxylate Mixture
Strodex TH-100 K Proprietary Blend 81 300
Strodex FT-427 K Proprietary Blend 89 100
Strodex FT-428 K Proprietary Blend 76 350
Strodex PLF-100 Na Phosphate Coester 82 1500
Strodex LFK-70 L Phosphate Coester 70 400 35.8
Strodex PSK-28 K 55 50 28.4
Strodex NB-20 Proprietary Blend Na 99 500
Phosphate Coester Alcohol
Strodex PK-90 Strodex P-100 K 90 7,000 29.8
Strodex PK-95G Strodex P-100 K 80 1,700 29.8
Strodex PK-85NV Strodex P-100 K 65 250 29.8
Strodex PK-OVOC Strodex P-100 K 35 280 30.5
Partial Gel
Strodex MOK-70 Strodex MO-100 K Phosphated Alcohol 70 36.9
>100K
Strodex KM-400LV Strodex MO-100 K Phosphated Alcohol 60 100 43
Partial Gel
Strodex EHK-70 K Phosphated Alcohol 70 43 Hydrophobic
>100K

Emulsifiers, dispersants and lubricants A variety of esters is available with a range of properties,
including liquids and waxy solids. In addition, amide and
Ashland has a broad family of water-insoluble esters and
quaternary-ammonium salts are available.
hydroxyesters sold under the Ceraphyl and Cerasynt
trademarks as lubricants, dispersants and emulsifiers. These A representative group of this product line is shown below.
chemicals typically are surface active and find use in specialty,
HI&I, plastics, textile, photography, inks and coatings markets.
Product Chemical Name Applications

Ceraphyl 28 Hexadecyl lactate Tissue paper lotion Printing plate protection
Ceraphyl 31 Lauryl lactate Tissue paper lotion
Ceraphyl 41 C12 - C15 alkyl lactate Plasticizing effects
Ceraphyl 45 Bis (2-ethylhexyl) malate Dispersant aid for electroluminescent devices
Ceraphyl 50 Tetradecyl lactate Viscosity regulator in laundry detergents
Ceraphyl 55 Tridecyl neopentanoate
PVC plasticizer O/W emulsions
Ceraphyl 140 Decyl oleate
Textile finishing surfactant
Ceraphyl 140A Isodecyl oleate
Plasticizing effects Erasable markers
Ceraphyl 230 Diisopropyl adipate Lubricant Mold release agent
Hard-surface cleaners Inkjet inks
Circuit board cleaning Tissue paper lotion
Ceraphyl 368 M 2-Ethylhexyl palmitate Pigment dispersment inkjet inks Lubricant
Hard-surface cleaners
Ceraphyl 375 Isostearyl neopentanoate Pigment dispersion
Ceraphyl 424 Tetradecyl tetradecanoate Hard surface cleaner Dispersant in magnetic recording media
Ceraphyl 494 Isocetyl stearate
Ceraphyl 791 Isocetyl stearoyl stearate Pigment dispersions
Ceraphyl 847 Octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate Pigment dispersions Polycarbonate mold release agent
Pigment dispersions Graffiti removal
Ceraphyl ICA Isohexadecanol
Mold release Polyester finishing agent
Ceraphyl NGA Maleated soybean oil
Ceraphyl ODS Octyldodecyl stearate Polycarbonate mold release agent
Ceraphyl RMT Castor oil monomaleate
Ceraphyl SLK Isodecyl neopentanoate
Glyceryl stearate and polyoxyethylene
Cerasynt 945 Inkjet inks, pigment dispersion
lauryl ether
2-Hydroxyethyl stearate and ethylene
Cerasynt IP Opacifier and pearlizing agent
glycol
Cerasynt M 2-Hydroxyethyl stearate Pearlizing agent Liquid detergent compositions
Hard-surface cleaners Circuit board defluxing detergents
Cerasynt PA Propylene glycol monostearate
Asphalt microdispersions
Cerasynt SD Glyceryl stearate
Emulsynt 1055 Polyglyceryl-4-oleate Emulsifier
Emulsynt GDL Glyceryl dilaurate Emulsifier

Vinyl monomers
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone V-Cap vinylcaprolactam
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone N-vinyl-2-caprolactam
Reactive diluent for radical initiated UV radiation curing used Reactive diluent for radical-initiated UV radiation curing used
in vinyl flooring, wood coatings, release coatings, inks, etc. in inks (especially silkscreening), vinyl flooring, wood coatings,
Numerous conventional polymerizations to generate an release coatings, etc.
array of materials with a variety of properties as noted in the Conventional polymerizations to generate materials that
following polymer section. have more hydrophobic character than analogous V-Pyrol
Gafgard 233 formulated UV-curable coating containing
vinylpyrrolidone based products.
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone and a multifunctional acrylate is
Physical Properties
used to impart high levels of abrasion resistance to coatings
for plastic lenses, protective window films, credit cards, etc. Boiling point 116 C @ 10 mm Hg
Melting point 35 C
Physical Properties
Boiling point 193 C @ 400 mm Hg
Flash point 114 C
Melting point 13 C
Viscosity 3.5 cP @ 40 C
Flash point 96 C Chemistry
Viscosity 2 cP @ 25 C V-Cap vinylcaprolactam is a pale yellow crystalline solid
stabilized with 10 ppm N,N-di-sec-butyl p-phenylenediamine
Chemistry and having chemical reactivity characteristics similar to those
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone is a clear liquid stabilized with insoluble cited for V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone. Polymers synthesized from
sodium hydroxide or soluble N,N-di-sec-butyl-p- V-Cap vinylcaprolactam are significantly more hydrophobic
phenylenediamine. The latter inhibitor is supplied in V-Pyrol than their V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone analogs but still exhibit the
vinylpyrrolidone at concentrations of 25 ppm and at 100 ppm, adhesiveness, strength and complexing capability characteristic
respectively, for radiation curing and nonradiation curing of the lactam functionality. As with V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone,
applications. This monomer is known to be a supercooled liquid V-Cap vinylcaprolactam is a super-cooled liquid and can remain
well below its freezing point of 13 C. It can remain as a liquid as a liquid at room temperature for extended periods. Rapid,
at room temperature for extended periods. Rapid, exothermic exothermic crystallization under these conditions should not be
crystallization under these conditions should not be confused with confused with bulk polymerization.
bulk polymerization. V-Cap vinylcaprolactam accelerates UV curing rates as the
V-Pyrol vinylpyrrolidone accelerates UV curing rates as the reactive reactive diluent. Typically formulated with an acrylate oligomer,
diluent. Typically formulated with an acrylate oligomer, it imparts it imparts unique solution viscosity reduction and enhanced
its unique solution viscosity reduction and enhanced adhesion adhesion to nonpolar substrates. The activated double bond of
to nonpolar substrates. The activated double bond of V-Pyrol V-Cap vinylcaprolactam facilitates its use in free radical homo-
vinylpyrrolidone facilitates its use in free radical homo- and and copolymerizations and grafting reactions. The products of
copolymerizations and grafting reactions. The products of these these reactions are either linear or crosslinked homopolymers
reactions are either linear or crosslinked homopolymers and and nonionic, anionic and cationic copolymers. Polymers from
nonionic, anionic and cationic copolymers. Polymers from V-Pyrol V-Cap vinylcaprolactam are amorphous, and the caprolactam
vinylpyrrolidone are amorphous, and the pyrrolidone ring imparts ring imparts hydrophobicity, adhesiveness, strength and
hydrophilicity, adhesiveness, strength and complexing capability. complexing capability.

Vinyl monomers
Rapi-cure DVE-3 Rapi-cure HBVE
Triethyleneglycol divinyl ether Hydroxybutyl vinyl ether
Rapi-cure DV E-3 is a reactive diluent/monomer for free radical Rapi-cure HBVE is a reactive intermediate for use as a
curable coatings and printing inks. It provides benefits and diluent/monomer requiring rapid cure rate and increased
properties for cationic systems. hydrophobicity.
Difunctional reactive diluent. Dual functionality.
Cationic systems with epoxy and vinyl ether functional Reactive diluent in UV-curable coatings and inks and as
oligomers. cement additives.
Good solvency for onium salt photoinitiators. Acrylic acid modifier for improving rheological profile.
Imparts flexibility to cured films. Imparts flexibility and reactivity.
Facilitates pigment wetting/dispersion.
Physical Properties
Charge transfer systems with unsaturated polyester
Physical Form Colorless liquid with mild odor
oligomers for wood coatings.
Purity 99.0%
Free radical and hybrid systems with acrylate oligomers.
Stabilized with 0.01% KOH
Physical Properties Boiling point 95 C @ 20 mm Hg
Physical Form Colorless liquid with mild odor Flash point 85 C
Purity 98.5% and 96% Freezing point - 39 C
Boiling point 120-126 C @ 18 mm Hg Viscosity 5 mPas @ 25 C
Freezing point - 8 C Refractive index 1.4620 @ 25 C
Flash point 119 C Skin irriation Mild
Viscosity 3 mPas @ 25 C
Refractive index 1.4695 @ 25 C
Tg of homopolymer 20 C
Skin irritation Minimal

PVP K-series Dispersions using PVP K-30 and K-90 for nonaqueous dye-
and pigment-based writing ink delivery systems.
Production of expandable polystyrene, with PVP K-90 used
as the protective colloid.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone and a number of its copolymers used
as media components in digital inkjet printing.
Hollow fiber membrane manufacture in which PVP K-90 and
K-30 create voids and hydrophilic domains in polysulfone
Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a hygroscopic, amorphous polymer membranes.
supplied as a white, free-flowing powder or a clear aqueous
solution. Available in several molecular weight grades, it is In oilfield cementing, PVP K-30 and K-90 serve as fluid loss
characterized by K-value and used in various applications. control agents.
On lithographic plates using hydrophobic inks, PVP K-15
provides enhancement of the nonimage area.
Applications PVP K-85 and 90 in stearate-based adhesive sticks for arts
Dye transfer inhibition in detergents using PVP K-15 and K-30 and crafts applications.
to form complex fugitive. On both ends of toilet paper rolls, PVP K-60 is used as an
Textile dye stripping and strike rate control through adhesive.
complexation and dispersion with PVP K-30. In fiberglass sizing, PVP K-30 and K-90s film-forming action
Photoprocessing where sulfide salts are complexed by PVP promotes polyvinylacetate adhesion.
K-30 in developing baths to inhibit redeposition on film. As combustible ceramic binders, PVP K-30 and K-90 enhance
Laundry detergents where PVP K-30 inhibits soil green strength.
redeposition. In tablet binder formulations, PVP K-30 and K-90 are used for
Emulsion polymerization where PVP K-30 latex stabilizer, industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
functioning as a protective colloid, facilitates redispersion of In CRT fabrication using negative photoresist technology,
a broken latex end-use application. PVP K-90 is used with a chemical crosslinker in water-based
coating systems.
In production of electrolead hydrogels, PVP K-90 is
crosslinked by E-beam irradiation to produce a conducting
medium.
In metal quenchant bath, PVP K-60, K-90 and K-120 are
effective thickeners.
PVP K-30 and K-90 are used for enzyme stabilization.
Production of nano-sized metal pigments.
Dispersant for carbon nano-fibers.

PVP K-series (continued) Chemistry
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) can be plasticized with water and
Physical Properties
most common organic plasticizers. It is considered to be
physiologically inert. Applications take advantage of one or
K-Value Range
Concentration
Solid Powder
Available as
Brookfield
(GPC/MALLS)
Molecular
more properties inherent in the polymer, typically due to the
Viscosity
@ 25 oC
Weight
cP as is
Grade
PVP
lactam ring.
High polarity and the resultant propensity to form complexes

K-12 10-14 Yes 5,000 with hydrogen donors, such as phenols and carboxylic acids, as
K-15 13-19 Yes 30% 10 15 9,700 well as anionic dyes and inorganic salts.
K-30 26-35 Yes 30% 200 500 66,800
Dispersancy, where components in a mixture are uniformly
K-60 50-62 No 31% 2,800 4,500 396,000
distributed through the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
K-60 No 47% 137,000
K-85 83-88 Yes 825,000 Hydrophilicity, where the substantial water solubility of PVP
K-90 88-100 Yes 10% 500 1,570,000 is its dominant feature and frequently a factor along with other
K-90 Yes 15% 2,500 4,000 properties valuable to numerous applications.
K-90 Yes 22% 29,000 62,000
Adhesion, taking advantage of the higher molecular weight
K-120 114-130 Yes 12% 48,000 75,000 3,470,000
PVP formulating in aqueous media, then evaporating sufficient
water to generate a solid product for the desired application.
Water absorbtivity ~17% water @ 60% RH/20 C
Cohesivity, where cohesive strength is achieved through a
Tg 130 - 180 C, increases with
variety of dry blending and granulation techniques.
Mw to Max. 180 C
Film formation Hard, glossy, transparent, PVP is cross-linkable to a water-insoluble, swellable material either
oxygen permeable in the course of vinylpyrrolidone polymerization, by addition of
an appropriate multifunctional comonomer or by post-reaction,
Film refractive index ~1.53 @ 25 C
typically through hydrogen abstraction chemistry.
Solubility Characteristics
Soluble in water and most polar solvents.
Insoluble in esters, ethers, ketones and hydrocarbons.
PVP K-60 is currently available only as aqueous solutions. All
other PVPs are available as dried powder or in solution.

ViviPrint 540 polymers PVPP polymers
PVPP (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone) is a highly cross-linked,
amorphous, white, free-flowing polymer produced through
a unique proliferous (popcorn) polymerization. Although
insoluble in water, acids, bases and organic solvents, the
polymers offered have swell volumes of between 4 and 8
ml/g in water. PVPP strongly complexes with phenols such
Applications
as tannins, flavonoids and dyes, adsorbing these compounds
Digital printing media. within its interior cavities.
Oilfield shale stabilization.
Rheology modifier.
Physical Properties
Physical form 10-12% aqueous solution
Brookfield viscosity 5,000-20,000 cP as supplied
650 cP @ 5% solids
Molecular weight 600,000-800,000 (GPC)1
1,500,000-2,000,000 (MALLS)
Tg 174 C
Chemistry
ViviPrint 540 is produced by a proprietary in-situ process
resulting in a two-phase matrix consisting of soluble PVP and
nanoscale PVP particles approximately 320 nm in size. This
unique matrix allows for high viscosity, greater flexibility, better
adhesion, curl resistance and improved water fastness in inkjet
media compared to PVP K-90.
1
Determined relative to polyethylene oxide standards.

Xxtradura 5636 (FlexiThix) Disintex disintegrants
Rheology modifier
Applications
Tablet and granule disintegrants, high capillary activity and
Xxtadura 5636 powdered rheology modifier is a PVPP that hydration capacity.
works under extreme conditions for aqueous or ethanolic or
polar-oil based formulations. Capable of thickening aqueous Physical Properties
and anhydrous formulations, Xxtradura rheology modifier is
Physical Disintex 75 Disintex 200
compatible with a wide range of ingredients, effective across Properties disintegrant disintegrant
a broad pH range (1-13) and has been shown to be stable with Chemistry PVPP PVPP inert salt
numerous solvents and acids. No neutralization is required. Particle size 75 150
100,000 Use level 2% 2%

Hard tablet Hard tablet
10,000 > 10 tons > 10 tons
Applications
Dish washing tabs Dish washing tabs
Water-softening tabs
Viscosity (cps)
1,000
Viscosity Protocol
100 Viscometer: Brookfield DV-II+
Spindle: TD
Chemistry
RPM: 10
10 Time: 1 minute
Temperature: 25C
Disintex disintegrants are proprietary blends of PVPP, cellulose
and/or inert salts. They are used extensively as disintegrants
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 in laundry and dish washing detergent tablets, taking
Concentration (% w/w) advantage of their swell volumes. The cross-linked PVPP
Ethanol Water C12-15 Alkyl Lactate
homopolymers are highly hydrophilic and will rapidly absorb
water on contact to swell and create internal stress points that
70,000
will break up tablets.
60,000
Viscosity (cps)
50,000
40,000
30,000
Viscosity Protocol
Viscometer: Brookfield DV-II+
20,000 Spindle: TD
RPM: 10
10,000 Time: 1 minute
Temperature: 25C
0
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
pH
90,000
80,000
70,000
Viscosity (cps)
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Electrolyte Concentration (% w/w)
NaCl CaCl2 AlCl3
Viscosity Protocol
Viscometer: Brookfield DV-II+ Time: 1 minute
Spindle: TD Temperature: 25C
RPM: 10

Polyplasdone and Polyclar Vinylpyrrolidone copolymers
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone The copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and a number of other
vinyl monomers are described on the following pages. These
Polyplasdone, Polyclar and ViviPrint PS-10 products are used in applications that benefit from the unique
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) are cross-linked characteristics of the pendant pyrrolidone ring in combination
homopolymers of vinylpyrrolidone (VP). These PVPPs are with the properties of the comonomers functionalities.
water-insoluble solids but retain many of the functional
properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Many of the
properties of PVPP are related to the unique pseudo cationic
(zwitterionic) chemistry of pyrrolidone and effectively chemical
complex phenolic and aromatic compounds via hydrogen
bonding and dipole interaction and adsorb a variety of
materials including dyes, printing inks, aromatic species
(e.g., polyphenols) and colors in wine. They have high capillary
activity and hydration capacity. Surface area typically ranges
1 to 1.5 m2/g. Product grades range in particle size from
< 30 m to > 200 m. Smaller particle size grades (< 30 m)
can be used in digital printing applications with microporous
silica as ink-receptive coatings to enhance drying of printed
images, minimize impact on coating gloss, improve ease of
formulation dispersion and reduce color variation and water
resistance of printed images.
PVPP Functionality
Disintegration.
Dispersion.
Complexation.
Adsorption.
Clarification.

Ganex/Antaron polymers Physical Properties

Alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone Grade
Copolymer Tg/
Viscosity2
Supplied
Composition1 Melting Pt. As
90% VP, White
P-904LC 155 C 14 @ 25 C(a)
10% C4 olefin powder
50% VP, 55% actives
V-516 150 C 300 @ 25 C(b)
50% C16 olefin in IPA
20% VP, Melting Pt. Viscous
V-216 2500 @ 50 C(c )
80% C16 olefin 8.5 C liquid
30% VP, Melting Pt.
Sold as Antaron alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone in Europe and Canada. V-220 20M @ 80 C(d) Wax
70% C20 olefin ~35 C
Applications WP-6603
20% VP, Melting Pt.
Flaked solid
80% C30 olefin ~63 C
Ganex/Antaron alkylated PVP are relatively low molecular
weight polymers varying in degree of hydrophobicity from Bold = Not available in EMEA
water-soluble powder (P-904LC) to water-insoluble flaked solid 1
VP= Vinylpyrrolidone, C4 alpha-olefin= 1-butene, C16 alpha-olefin= 1-hexadecene,
(WP-660) and are useful in the following applications: C20 alpha-olefin= 1-eicosene, C30 alpha-olefin= 1-tricosene.
2
Brookfield, cP: (a) RVT #2, 20 rpm/10% solids; (b) RVT #3, 20 rpm/as is; (c) RVT #2,
Emulsifiers and dispersants in nonaqueous systems. 20 rpm/neat; (d) RVT #5, 20 rpm/neat.
3
Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA inventory.
Desensitizer/wax dispersants in melt-cast explosives.
Chemistry
Dye dispersants for candles and shoe polish.
Ganex/Antaron resins are copolymers produced from alpha-
Water-resistant film formers in wood coatings. olefin and vinylpyrrolidone. The alkyl component varies from
Kinetic inhibitors against hydrate formation in oilfield a C-4 to C-30 moiety in concentrations from 10 to 80%. The
operations. combination of vinylpyrrolidone and alkyl functionalities
Asphaltene dispersants. produces a balance of dispersing and waterproofing capacity
in the Ganex/Antaron line.
Pigment dispersants in solvent-based coatings and inks.

PVP/VA polymers Polymer %VP Increasing Humidity
Resistance, Flexibility,
vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers Series 100
Cohesive Strength
E-735
I-735 70
W-735
W-635
60
S-630 Increasing Water
Solubility, Film Hardness,
E-535
50 Adhesive Strength, Glass
I-535
Transition Temperature
E-335 and Propane/Butane
30
I-335 Solubility
Applications Bold = Not available in EMEA

PVP/VA polymers produce transparent, flexible, oxygen-
permeable films that adhere to glass, plastics and metals. Chemistry
These properties, coupled with the ability to control their
PVP/VA polymer resins are linear, random copolymers
hydrophilicity through monomer composition, enable
produced by the free-radical polymerization of the monomers
extensive industrial use:
in ratios varying from 70/30 to 30/70 vinyl acetate to
In remoistenable hot melt adhesives. vinylpyrrolidone.
In repulpable pressure sensitive adhesives where the water PVP/VA polymers are thermoplastic resins with molecular
solubility of PVP/VA S-630 facilitates recycling. weights ranging from approximately 15 M-60 M. Their
In hot melt adhesives for diaper wetness indicator systems. glass transition temperatures vary from 70 to 115 C and
hydrophilicity increases with vinylpyrrolidone content.
As a binder for dry-film photoresists.
In solder masks utilizing aqueous processing. PVP/VA polymers are available as white powders or clear
solutions in ethanol, isopropanol and water. Polymers in the
In inkjet coatings for improved print receptivity.
four ranges of vinylpyrrolidone content (30, 50, 60 and 70%),
Physical Properties are produced in ethanol or isopropanol. PVP/VA polymers with
60 and 70% vinylpyrrolidone content are available as solids or
PVP/VA Tg (C) low to high as 50% aqueous solutions.
Supplied As ~Mw
Grade Mw Range
E-335, -535, -635, 50% Ethanol
29,000-57,000 69, 96, 106, 117 In addition to being soluble in alcohols, PVP/VA polymers
-735 solution
dissolve in esters and ketones but are insoluble in ethers
I-335, -535, 50% IPA 13,000-
-735 solution 22,000
71, 89, 108 and aliphatic hydrocarbons. The water-soluble PVP/VA
polymers exhibit a 5% aqueous cloud point, i.e., the 60%
50% Aqueous
W-635, -735
solution
15,000-27,000 99, 114 vinylpyrrolidone content resin has a minimum critical solution
S-630 Dry powder 51,000 110 temperature of 68 C.

Polectron 430/Antara polymer Vinylpyrrolidone/alkylaminomethacrylate
Sold as Antara 430 PVP/Polystyrene latex in Europe and Asia Pacific. and alkylaminomethacrylamide copolymers
Applications
Polectron 430 polymer, with a glass transition temperature of
approximately 100 C, gives transparent thermoplastic films
that readily adhere to glass, plastics and metals. The emulsion,
compatible with many polymers and surfactants, is typically
used as:
An opacifier and thickener for cleaning products.

A hydrophobic coating for inkjet recording media.
An oil-resistant coating.
A cold-seal adhesive component. Applications
These polymers have a number of unique properties such as
Chemistry substantivity to anionic materials that make them useful as:
Polectron 430 polymer is a white, thermoplastic, 38-41%
solids latex produced as a graft, emulsion copolymer of 30% Dye receptors in inkjet and digital printing media.
polyvinylpyrrolidone and 70% styrene in the presence of an Adjuvants for electrodeposition of copper in printed circuit
anionic surfactant. The size distribution of the emulsion is such board fabrication.
that 90% of the particles are <0.5 micron with a maximum
25 C viscosity of 750 cP @ pH 2.0-5.0. Polectron 430 polymer is Chemistry
thermally and mechanically stable in the presence of a variety The copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl-
of ionic compounds. The viscosity is unaffected after three methacrylate (VP/DMAEMA, X=O, y=2) or vinylpyrrolidone
freeze-thaw cycles between ambient and -20 C; the emulsion and dimethylaminopropyl-methacrylamide (VP/DMAPMA,
is unbroken at 25 C after 1/2 hr @ 10,000 rpm and does X=N, y=3) are supplied as viscous solutions in either water or
not coagulate on addition of 1% hydrochloric acid, calcium ethanol. These polymers serve to a great extent as precursors
chloride, alum or sodium borate. for cationic polymers through quaternization reactions on the
pendant tertiary amino function. They are described on the
following pages.

Sorez HS-205 and Gafquat copolymers Gafquat HS-100 polymers
Vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymers Vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium
(VP/DMAEMA) chloride copolymer
Two VP/DMAEMA copolymers are quaternized with The copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyl

diethylsulfate-producing Gafquat 755/755N and Gafquat trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) and vinylpyrrolidone,
734 VP/DMAEMA, which give transparent, glossy, tack-free, Gafquat HS-100 vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyl
flexible films. The polymers are substantive to negatively trimethylammonium chloride copolymer gives transparent,
charged surfaces and compatible with anionic and amphoteric glossy and tack-free flexible films. Amide linkage in the
surfactants. They have good adsorption properties with MAPTAC moiety imparts greater hydrolysis resistance. Typical of
anionic dyes and pigments to enhance digital ink media. this cationic polymer family, Gafquat HS-100 vinylpyrrolidone/
These copolymers are cross-linkable with aziridine and methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride
epoxides. copolymer is substantive to negatively charged surfaces and
compatible with anionic and amphoteric surfactants. (Material
Physical Properties is not listed on the US EPA TSCA inventory.)
Brookfield
Product Solution Mw1 Tg
Viscosity2 Physical Properties
Copolymer 845 20% H20 1,000,000 172 C 20,000-70,000 Brookfield
Product Solution Mw1 Tg
Copolymer 937 20% H20 1,000,000 104 C 20,000-70,000 Viscosity2
80,000- Gafquat HS-100
Copolymer 958 50% Ethanol 100 C 60,000-90,000 vinylpyrrolidone/
150,000 900,000- 50,000-
methacrylamidopropyl 20% H20 184 C
Gafquat 1,200,000 125,000
155 C/ trimethylammonium
755/755N VP/ 20% H20 1,000,000 20,000-70,000 chloride opolymer
149 C
DMAEMA
Gafquat 734 VP/ 60,000-
1
Determined by GPC using polyethyleneoxide standard.
50% Ethanol 140 C 30,000-70,000 2
cP as is, @ 22-23 C, RVT #7, 30 rpm.
DMAEMA 110,000
Sorez HS-205 VP/
20% H20 1,000,000 172 C 20,000-70,000
DMAEMA
1
Determined by GPC using polyethyleneoxide standard.
2
cP as is, @ 22-23 C, RVT #7, 30 rpm.

Styleze CC-10 and Setleze 3000 Styleze W polymers
(ViviPrint 131) copolymers Vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/
Vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide methacryloylaminopropyl lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride
copolymer terpolymer
Applications
Digital printing media.
Settling agent for hard-surface cleaner (Setleze 3000 Applications
vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide Thickener for strong acid formulations such as toilet bowl
copolymer). cleaners.
Physical Properties Inkjet-receptive media.
Setleze 3000 Physical Properties
Styleze CC-10 vinylpyrrolidone/
(ViviPrint 131) vinylpyrrolidone/
Properties dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide
copolymer
dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide Physical form Slightly hazy aqueous solution
copolymer
Solids content 10% (W-10), 20% (W-20)
pH (as is) 6.0-8.0 6.5-7.8
Viscosity (cP) 10,000-35,000 6,000-24,000 pH (as is) 3.5-5.0
Mw 1,200,000-1,500,000 1,500,000-2,000,000 Viscosity <5000 cP (W-10)
Nanoparticles No Yes 40,000-100,000 cP (W-20)
Neutralized H2SO4 HCI Molecular weight 2,700,000
Tg 161 C 167 C
Tg 135 C
Chemistry Chemistry
These high molecular weight copolymers have a strong Styleze W polymers are random terpolymers of
affinity for anionically charged substrates, which can be vinylpyrrolidone, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and
further enhanced through quaternization. They produce methacryloylaminopropyl lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
transparent, flexible, high-gloss coatings with improved water They promote and stabilize foam through their ability to
resistance. Cross-linking significantly improves water resistance. reduce surface tension, have excellent adhesion to high-energy
Presence of the amide linkage imparts greater hydrolysis substrates, and are flexible, elastic, low-tack and heat-resistant
resistance. Compatible with nonionic, cationic and amphoteric films. Additional solution viscosity improvements can be
surfactants, soluble in ethanol and water, insoluble (Styleze achieved by the addition of salts. (Material is not listed on the US
CC-10 vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide EPA TSCA inventory.)
copolymer) and partially soluble (Setleze 3000 vinylpyrrolidone/
dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide copolymer) in acetone.
Setleze vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide
copolymers are produced by a proprietary in-situ process
resulting in a two-phase matrix consisting of soluble copolymer
and nanoscale particles approximately 320 nm in size that
impart improved water resistance, light fastness and curl
resistance in digital media applications.

Styleze 2000 and Acrylidone LM polymers UltraThix P-100 crosspolymer
Vinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid/lauryl methacrylate terpolymer Acrylic acid/VP crosspolymer
Acrylidone is not available in Europe.
Applications
High-efficacy styling gels.
Rinse aid in automatic dish detergents.
Metal quenching.
Inkjet-receptive media.
Physical Properties
Physical form White free-flowing powder
Applications
Molecular weight 1,010,000 (MALLS)
Clear gels.
Tg 176 C
Emulsion stabilizers.
Chemistry
Physical Properties
Styleze 2000 is a high molecular weight, film-forming
anionic terpolymer composed of vinylpyrrolidone and an Physical form White, powder
acrylate backbone with a hydrophobic pendant C-12 chain. Acid number 340-390
It is insoluble in ethanol and water until neutralized for easy
Viscosity (1% aq., 75% neutralized) 35,000-65,000 cP
dispersion. It exhibits synergistic thickening when combined
with associative rheology modifiers. Chemistry
UltraThix P-100 is an anionic polymer. It is a shear-thinning
rheology modifier with high Brookfield yield to suspend
solids. Compatible with anionic, nonionic and some cationic
polymers. (Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA inventory.)

Vinylcaprolactam polymers Gaffix/Copolymer VC-713 polymer
Vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam/
Applications
dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate terpolymer
Vinylcaprolactam-derived polymers give hard, glossy
transparent films with excellent adhesive and cohesive Sold as Gaffix VC-713 vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam/
properties. These products are also available in dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate terpolymer in North America.
2-butoxyethanol for application as kinetic gas hydrate
inhibitors. The polymers also find use in many of the markets
noted for polyvinylpyrrolidone. In general, vinylcaprolactam
imparts reduced water solubility and cloud point relative
to vinylpyrrolidone-based polymers while enhancing the
hydrophobicity of the resin.
A range of V-Cap and V-Pyrol homo- and copolymers are

available in a variety of solvents to facilitate uninterrupted flow Applications
in natural gas field pipelines at varying environments defined Gas hydrate inhibition.
by brine content, temperature, pressure, composition and
Flocculating agent.
residence time from field to collection point. They are cited
below as Inhibex polymers. Film former in hair styling products.
Inkjet-receptive media.
Physical Properties
Physical Properties
Monomer
Polymer Solution Mw1 Viscosity2 Physical form Viscous ethanol solution
Composition
50% VCL/ 50% Molecular weight 82,700
Inhibex 501 5-8x103 3000-6000
50% VP butoxyethanol
Tg 152 C
1
Determined by GPC using polyethylene oxide standard.
2
Brookfield cP, as is, @ 25 C, RVT #3, 20 rpm.
Chemistry
Vinylcaprolactam imparts increased hydrophocity and reduces
tack. Water-soluble film former, pseudo cationic functionality,
substantive to negatively charged surfaces. Quaternization
yields cationic polymer; compatible with anionic, nonionic and
cationic surfactants, silicones and thickeners.

Aquaflex SF-40 polymer Aquastyle 300 tetrapolymer
Vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/ Tetrapolymer of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam,
dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide terpolymer dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide and
methacryloylaminopropyl lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride
Film-forming polymer in hair styling products. Film-forming polymer in hair styling products.
Inkjet-receptive media. Inkjet-receptive media.
Physical Properties Physical Properties

Physical form Clear viscous ethanol solution Physical form Aqueous-alcoholic viscous liquid
Molecular weight 37,500 % Active ~30%
Tg 119 C Relative viscosity 1.90 - 2.35
(1% in 0.2 N LiNO3)
Chemistry
Molecular weight ~35,000
Transparent, flexible glossy films; pseudo cationic, substantive
Tg 160 C
to negatively charged surfaces; quaternization yields cationic
polymer; decreased tackiness and improved hydrocarbon Cloud point 46 C (4% solids in aqueous solution)
compatibility due to V-Cap reactive monomer; water- and
ethanol-soluble. (Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA Chemistry
inventory.) Transparent, flexible glossy film; cationic; substantive to
negative charged surfaces. Association with hydrophobically
modified gellant to increase viscosity over nonionic polymers.
(Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA inventory.)

Chromabond polymers Sorez 100 copolymer
Chromabond S-100 dye-complexing polymer Polyethylene glycol polyester copolymer
Applications
Soil release agent in laundry detergents, fabric softeners and
pre- and post-wash stain removers.
Ironing aid.
Physical Properties
Applications Physical form Slightly turbid amber liquid
Dye transfer inhibitors. % Solids 75-77%
Hard-surface cleaners. Chemistry

Physical Properties A modified polyester copolymer concentrate in water-soluble
form. The product imparts wicking properties to hydrophobic
Physical form Aqueous solution textiles. It provides soil release and anti-redeposition properties
% Solids 38-42% while reducing the electrostatic charge of treated polyester. The
polymer forms a thin film on the substrate, enabling effective
Viscosity 850 cP
soil removal during subsequent wash cycles.
Molecular weight 35,000
pH (5% solution) 4-7
Chemistry
Chromabond polymer contains betaine (S-100) functionalities.
Chromabond dye-complexing polymer is a premium dye
transfer inhibitor (DTI), developed and used in color-safe
laundry detergents. Chromabond polymer demonstrates
superior complexing of fugitive dyes at cost-effective levels
under different temperatures and surfactant environments.
Its chemical structure promotes dye complexation up to
60 C, while resisting interaction with anionic surfactants.
Chromabond polymer is soluble in water and water-alcohol
mixtures but insoluble in most other solvents.

Aquaflow Applications
Hydrophobically modified polyacetal-polyethers Inks.
Water-based adhesives.
Water-based coatings.
Water-based latexes.
Aquaflow rheology modifiers are nonionic synthetic associative
thickeners. Thickening results from self-association and Chemistry
association with the latex particles. They are surface active, Aquaflow polymers have poly(acetal- or ketal-polyether)
stable over a broad pH range (4-12), and more salt tolerant backbones that are either linear or branched. The polyethers (as
than commercial HEURs (hydrophobe-modified ethoxylated precursors for the final polymer) are water-soluble polyalkylene
urethanes). The Aquaflow product line contains both high- oxide or copolymers of polyalkylene oxides. The hydrophobes
shear and low-shear nonionic thickeners. are chosen to balance rheological properties and hydrophobic/
hydrophilic interactions.
Physical Properties
Shear Effect1 Active Solvent
Aquaflow NSAT Product Value
BF KU ICI Solids, % Free
XLS-500 25% Yes

Improved sag/levelling balance
Increased Brookfield viscosity
XLS 525 20% Yes
Improved sag/levelling balance

XLS-530 20% Yes
Increased Brookfield viscosity
NLS-210 25% No Low- and mid-shear effective
NLS-200 25% No
Original Aquaflow NSAT KU builder
NLS-205 17.5% No2
Excellent flow and levelling
NLS-220 20% Yes
Balance of KU & ICI viscosity hybrid performance

NMS-450 19% Yes
Efficient high-shear driver in difficult-to-thicken latex systems
High-shear effective with some KU build

NHS-350 17.5% Yes
Excellent application properties
NHS-300 20% Yes Original Aquaflow NSAT ICI builders
1
Low to high shear where BF=Brookfield, NJ, KU=Krebs Stormer, ICI=Cone and Plate.
2
Aquaflow NLS-205 contains a VOC-free carrier.

Gantrez copolymers Physical Properties
Grade Viscosity1 Molecular Weight2
AN-119 0.1-0.5 130,000
AN-139 1.0-1.5 690,000
AN-149 1.5-2.5 1,250,000
AN-169 2.6-3.5 1,980,000
1
cSt 1% in MEK @ 25 C, Cannon Fenske, tube size 100.
2
SEC/LALLS detector.
Reaction of the anhydride functional group with essentially

any molecule having an active hydrogen opens a wealth of
opportunities to synthesize useful derivatives.
Chemistry
Gantrez AN copolymers Gantrez AN copolymers contain alternating units of
Polymethylvinylether/maleic anhydride copolymer methylvinylether and maleic anhydride. The fundamental
character of this polymerization requires that a maleic
Applications anhydride unit must be adjacent to a methylvinylether unit
and vice versa, resulting in a true alternating copolymer.
Because of their unique chemical structure and reactivities,
As shown in the table above, Gantrez AN (anhydride form)
Gantrez copolymers function well as:
copolymer is available in the molecular weight range of
Dispersants for fluorescent light phosphors. 0.13 M-2.5 M. The polymers are white hygroscopic powders
soluble in tetrahydrofuran and M-Pyrol solvent; they are
Microcapsule clusterants in carbonless paper and latex
insoluble in aliphatic and halogenated hydrocarbons. All four
systems.
grades have a glass transition temperature of 151-154 C,
Complex coacervates with gelatin to form the microcapsule independent of molecular weight, and form transparent, tack-
wall in carbonless paper. free films.
Calcium encrustation inhibitors in laundry detergents.
Acid layers in diffusion transfer film to neutralize alkaline
developers and dyes.
Intermediates in adhesive applications and liquid laundry
detergent stabilizers.
Imide derivatives for anti-reflective layers on silicon wafers
prior to photoresist coating and light exposure.
Gas fade inhibitors for Spandex* fibers.
Water retention aids in concrete.
Metal sequestrants.
Anionic polyacids.
* Trademark owned by a third party.

Gantrez S copolymers Gantrez ES copolymers
Poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid) copolymer Poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid) half esters copolymer
Calcium encrustation inhibitors in laundry detergents. Pigment dispersants in cosmetic formulations.
Dispersant aids. pH-dependent soluble films (enteric coatings).
Aluminum surface conditioning.
Chemistry
Diagnostic test strips.
Ethyl, isopropyl and n-butyl half esters are produced by
Base-activated adhesives for peel-apart instant film. opening up the anhydride in alcohol. These polymers, based on
Gantrez AN-119 copolymer, are sold as 50% solutions in ethanol
Chemistry or isopropanol. They are water-soluble when neutralized
Gantrez S95 and S97 copolymers have repeating co-maleic greater than 40% using either an organic or inorganic base.
acid units produced by hydrolysis of Gantrez AN copolymer. Adhesive strength can be adjusted through controlling the
The polycarboxylic acid derivatives with a pH of ~2 at 5% degree of neutralization. Films are flexible, clear and glossy
concentration are available either as viscous solutions or white and have improved water resistance compared to Gantrez S
powders. The vicinal dicarboxylic acid functionality of these copolymer.
materials is useful in a number of applications. The free acid
forms are water-soluble, giving clear and tacky films. Solution
rheology can be modified by the addition of salts and bases. EasySperse polymeric dispersant range
Polymethylvinylether/maleic acid -butyl ethyl ester,
Gantrez MS copolymers sodium salt
Poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid) mixed-salts copolymer
Applications
Bioadhesives. 8 8
Inkjet coatings.
Applications
Chemistry Dispersants for hydrophobic insectides, fungicides,
Gantrez MS-955 copolymer is a mixed salt of sodium/calcium herbicides.
and is supplied as a free-flowing powder. The copolymer is Dispersants for hydrophobic organic compounds (fragrances,
soluble in water and produces solutions with high viscosity. emollients, essential oils, etc.).
Chemistry
EasySperse dispersant is a copolymer of the monobutyl/
ethyl ester of poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) partially
neutralized with sodium hydroxide. The material is supplied as a
25% aqueous solution and is an excellent film former.

Stabileze QM polymer I-Rez 160 copolymer
Poly(methylvinylether/maleic anhydride decadiene) Isobutylene/maleic anhydride copolymer
crosspolymer
Applications
Stabileze rheology modifiers yield clear, aqueous gels that
are shear-thinning and slightly thixotropic, having good
shear, temperature and UV-A radiation stability. Stabileze
crosspolymer is effective as a rheology modifier for:
Physical Properties
Thickeners. Physical form Free-flowing white powder
Coatings and inks. Molecular weight 78,000-94,000
Sealants. Tg 164 C
Electroconductive gels.
Chemistry
Deicing fluids.
I-Rez 160 copolymer is a linear, alternating copolymer of
Pigment dispersants.
isobutylene and maleic anhydride that forms transparent, tack-
Chemistry free films and reacts with alcohols/amines to yield half esters/
amides. It is soluble in aprotic solvents and forms gels with
Stabileze QM polymer is produced in a manner similar to ketones and esters. Water solubility can be controlled by degree
that of Gantrez AN copolymer but with the added monomer ring hydrolysis and neutralization. It is insoluble in alcohol and
decadiene present to yield a crosslinked, water-swellable aliphatic hydrocarbons.
resin. The polymer is a white free-flowing powder with a glass
transition temperature of approximately 150 C. The solid can
be dispersed in water without coagulating, and the anhydride
function will hydrolyze directly or through the action of base.
A neutralized 0.5% solution in water at pH 7 and 25 C has a
viscosity range of 45,000-70,000 cP.

Aquaflex FX-64 copolymer Aquaflex XL-30 copolymer
Isobutylene/ethylmaleimide/hydroxyethylmaleimide Isobutylene/dimethylaminopropyl maleimide/
copolymer ethoxylatedmaleimide/maleic acid copolymer
Applications
Film formers.
Adhesive/cohesive properties.
Applications
Physical Properties
Film formers.
Physical form Yellow viscous liquid
Flexible coatings with low coefficient of friction.
Tg 135 C Physical Properties
Physical form Straw-like hazy, viscous aqueous solution
Chemistry
Aquaflex FX-64 copolymer is an imidized isobutylene/maleic
anhydride copolymer that produces low-tack, glossy films Chemistry
supplied as 40% hydroalcoholic solution. (Material is not listed on Aquaflex XL-30 copolymer is an isobutylene
the US EPA TSCA inventory.) dimethylaminopropylmaleimide/ethoxylated maleimide/maleic
anhydride copolymer that produces highly flexible, glossy
and humidity-resistant films and forms clear gels with anionic
rheology modifiers. (Material is not listed on the US EPA TSCA
inventory.)

Acrylates Chemistry
Methacrylic Acid/Ethylacrylate Copolymers

Methacrylic acid/ethylacrylate copolymers act as thickeners.
They are alkali-swellable (ASE) or hydrophobically modified
alkali-swellable (HASE) polymers. They are generally used in
aqueous, highly filled and surfactant systems.
Methacrylic acid/ethylacrylate copolymers are supplied as
aqueous emulsions at pH 2 to 3 with typical molecular weights
Applications of 20,000 to 40,000. They are supplied with a range of cross-
Product Area linking and hydrophobicity to optimize rheological properties
Low-quality matt paint and develop rheology by the swelling mechanism of the
Wood coatings addition of suitable alkali with optimum rheology development
Jaypol AS1001 Spray applications
Adhesives/sealants
between pH 6 to 12.
HI&I
Jaypol AT1
Gloss paint Liquid Dispersion Polymers
Semi-gloss paint
Jaypol AL is a range of high molecular weight liquid dispersion
Semi-gloss paint
Screen printing inks polymers, which when added to water swell to give thickening.
Jaypol AT21
Flexographic printing inks and over lacquers The polymers are effective over a pH range of 4 to 12. They
HI&I
are a one-shot additive that can be incorporated at any stage
Matt/emulsion paint of the formulation manufacturing process and can provide an
Adhesives
Jaypol AT4 Wood coatings opacifier effect.
Screen printing inks
HI&I
Adhesives/
solids (%)
response
Sealants
Textural
Product
Textiles
Active
Paint
HI&I
pH
1
Physical Properties Jaypol AL 60 Promoting texture, ~7 S P P S

spreadability
Active solids (%)
Solution quality
Salt tolerance
non-flow rheology
type (at 0.8%
Temperature
Jaypol AL2 60 ~6 P P
Rheology
tolerance
solution)
Product
Type
Secondary effect
Jaypol 213 50 produces opacity ~4 P
Clear water Pseudoplastic; P = Preferred

Jaypol AS100 ASE 30 Moderate High
white gel S = Standard
Clear water Newtonian
Jaypol AT1 HASE 30 High Moderate
white flow
Clear water Hybrid
Jaypol AT2 HASE 30 High Low
white rheology; flow
Clear water Pseudoplastic;
Jaypol AT4 HASE 30 High Low
white drop flow/gel

Ashland 940 and 980 Carbomer Ashland 980 carbomer pH effect
on viscosity 0.5% polymer concentration
Ashland 940 and 980 carbomers are cross-linked polymers 45000
of acrylic acid that are useful thickening, stabilizing and 40000
35000
suspending agents used in a wide variety of applications.
30000
Typical uses are as a stabilizing polymer in oil-in-water
Viscosity (mPa.s)
25000
emulsions, as a suspending agent in surfactant-rich systems,
20000
and as a thickening agent. They produce a dispersion when
15000
added to water with a pH of ~3 and require neutralization with
10000
amine or inorganic hydroxide to activate. Ashland 940 and 980
5000
carbomers are odorless and form a crystal-clear gel in water.
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
pH
Typical Properties
Physical form White powder Rheology profile of Ashland 980 carbomer
in aqueous solution
Solids content (105 C) 98.0 - 100% 80000
Brookfield viscosity 70000
(25 C, 0.2% aqueous gel neutralized) 13,000 - 30,000 cP 60000
Brookfield viscosity 50000

Viscosity (mPa.s)
(25 C, 0.5% aqueous gel neutralized) 40,000 - 60,000 cP 40000
Clarity, % transmission 30000
(neutralized solution at 0.5%, 420 nm) 85% 20000
10000
0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Aqualon 980 carbomer concentration (%)

RapiThix A-100 RheoThix 601 thickening agent
Polymer Sodium polyacrylate
RapiThix A-100 polymer is a free-flowing, fully active white
powder sodium polyacrylate for rheology. RapiThix A-100
polymer is designed for use in cold mix processes and is easy
to use, shear-tolerant, shear-thinning and effective at low use
levels.
Applications
No pre-set oil phase. Adhesives.
Makes oil-free systems possible. Caulking.
High solids content for higher efficiency. Sealants.
Applications Physical Properties
Mud viscosifier, shale swell inhibition and friction reducer in Physical form Off-white milky dispersion
oilfield and civil engineering.
% Active 57-59
Anti-capping, erosion control, improved water filtration,
hydro-seeding lubricants and water absorbents in Viscosity 500 - 2000 cP
agriculture.
Chemistry
Alternative rheology modifiers for extreme acid and alkali
RheoThix 601 thickening agent is an anionic, pseudo-plastic
formulations.
thickening agent, emulsifying and stabilizing ingredient
Physical Properties that improves performance. It can be incorporated into the
water phase, into the oil phase and after the oil is emulsified
Physical form Fine powder to provide uniform thickening without neutralization, pre-
Solids content 85-95% swelling or pre-heating. The recommended use level is 0.2 -
Viscosity (1% solution) 28,000-38,000 cP 2.5% based on solid content.
pH (1% solution) 5.7-6.7
Homo- and Copolymers of Acrylamide
Ashland acrylamide homo and copolymers are supplied in
80,000
a wide range of physical forms: solution, liquid dispersion,
and (LDP), emulsion or powder grade. Anionic and cationic
Viscosity (cPs)
60,000
products (Rapifloc A and C series) are available along with the
40,000
nonionic powder Rapifloc N-1000. Polymers are offered in a
20,000
range of molecular weights, cross linking, charge densities
and active contents to meet specific desired application
0 requirements.
Control Glycerol (40%) Propylene Glycol Ethanol (20%)
(40%)

Rapifloc A1-MG Physical Properties
Polymer Physical form Off-white granular solid
Rapifloc A-1 MG polymer is a high molecular weight anionic Particle size 99% < 2000 m
polyacrylamide supplied as a free-flowing granular powder. Bulk density Approx. 0.85 g/m3
It is completely soluble in water-producing solutions of high pH (0.5% solution, 25 oC) Approx. 6.0
viscosity. It is of very high anionic charge.
Benefits
Viscosity - concentration graph
Cost-effective. Brooksfield viscometer @ 25oC
2500
Completely water-soluble.
Improved process efficiencies. 2000
Apparent viscosity (cP)

Applications
1500
Rapifloc A-1 MG polymer has found application in a wide
variety of mineral processing and civil engineering applications. 1000
It is essentially nitrogen-free, and its use in brine clarification
does not give rise to the formation of nitrogen trichloride in
500
subsequent electrolysis.
Applications include: 0
0.0 0.25 0.5
Alkaline leach uranium circuits. Concentration (%)
Civil engineering.
Brine clarification.

Bondwell, Blanose, Aqualon Physical Properties
Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC Category DS Type Viscosity limits,
mPas @ 25 C
Grade Type 7 9 12 Range Concentration
Ultra Low 7UL 12UL 10 - 25 6%
Extra Low 7EL 9EL 20 - 60 6%
Low-Low 7L1 90 - 130 6%
L
Low- 7L2 150 - 250 6%
Medium 7L3 400 - 750 6%
Low-High 7L 25 - 50 2%
7M1 50 - 100 2%
CMC is a cellulose ether, produced by reacting alkali cellulose Medium-
Low 7M2 9M2 100 - 200 2%
with sodium monochloroacetate under controlled conditions.
It is an anionic water-soluble polymer. 7M 300 - 600 2%
M Medium
7M8 9M8 12M8 200 - 800 2%
Applications Medium- 7M31 9M31 12M31 1500 - 3100 2%
High 7M65 9M65 3000 - 6500 2%
Product Types
Markets Applications
or Functions High-Low 7H 1500 - 2500 1%
Batteries / Lithium ion batteries 7H4 9H4 2500 - 4500 1%
Binder, film former, dispersion H High
Electronics carbon dispersant
7H5S 3500 - 5500 1%
Civil Engineering, Rheology modifier, suspension
Building agent, binder, extrusion aid, water High-High 7H9 4000 - 9000 1%
and Construction flow blocking agent
Commercial and It is a derivatized cellulose. These, in turn, are composed of
Anti-redeposition aid, rheology
Institutional Industrial cleaners
controller
two anhydroglucose units (-glucopyranose residues). In this
- Light Industry structure, n is the number of anhydroglucose units (which
Mining and Mineral processing, Selective flotation depressant, are joined through 1,4 glucosidic linkages), or the degree of
Extraction mining pellet binder, mineral, dispersant
polymerization, of cellulose.
Adhesives and Adhesives and Suspension agent, thickener, film
Sealants sealants former
Each anhydroglucose unit in the polymer contains three
Binder (plasticizer and green
Advanced strength), rheology modifier,
hydroxyl groups. By substituting carboxymethyl groups for
Advanced ceramics some of the hydrogens of these hydroxyls, as shown in the
Ceramics controlled water release,
suspension agent figure, sodium carboxymethylcellulose is obtained. The average
Binder, film former, green strength number of hydroxyl groups substituted per anhydroglucose
Ceramics, Pottery Ceramic glazes, additive, rheology modifier,
and Porcelain traditional ceramics suspension agent, thickener,
unit is known as the degree of substitution, or DS. For
water-retention agent example, DS Type 7 has a DS of 0.7. If all three hydroxyls are
Binder, green strength enhancer, replaced, the maximum theoretical DS of 3.0 (impossible in
Foundries and
Refractories
Refractories rebound or sumping reducer, practice) results.
stabilization agent
Housewares and Gel enhancer, rheology modifier,
Freezer gel
Consumer stabilization agent, thickener
Film former, rheology modifier,
Textiles Textiles
sizing agent, thickener
Reconstituted
Tobacco tobacco, Binder, suspension agent
leaf glue
Rheology modifier, suspension
Paper, paper coatings,
Pulp and Paper and stabilization agent, thickener,
pigment slurries
water-retention enhancer

Ambergum water-soluble polymers
Ambergum water-soluble polymers are low molecular weight
cellulose polymers supplied as either powder or aqueous
solution. They provide viscosity control and wetting uniformity.
In addition, the anionic versions of Ambergum water-
soluble polymers show dispersion properties useful in many
applications to stabilize particles.
Applications
Lithographic fountain solutions: Ambergum water-soluble
polymers are a cost-effective alternative to gum arabic
to provide clean viscosity control and unique rheology in
gumming and fountain solutions. They function as wetting
agents and can replace isopropyl alcohol in some systems.
Ambergum water-soluble polymers are produced from
reliable and stable raw material sources. When used in
fountain solutions, they can help prevent emulsification and
bleeding of the ink and can provide more uniform wetting of
the printing plate.
Civil engineering: Ambergum 1221 water-soluble polymer
provides rheology control and enhances fluid loss control
when used with bentonite in tunneling and drilling
applications.
Product Charge Physical Form % Active
Ambergum 1221 Anionic Free-flowing powder 100%
Ambergum 3021 Anionic Pale amber liquid 30%
Pale yellow-green
Ambergum 3085 Nonionic 40%
liquid

Natrosol, Natrosol B, Natrosol Plus Applications
Hydroxyethylcellulose and hydrophobically modified Markets Applications Product Types or Functions
hydroxyethylcellulose External insulation and
finishing systems (EIFS), Bond strengthener, lubricity and
Building and joint compound, spray workability enhancer, rheology
Construction textures, tile adhesives, modifier, stabilizer, suspension
caulks and sealants, agent
welding rods
Commercial
Fiberglass, industrial Formation aid, rheology
and
cleaners controller, thickener
Institutional
Wallpaper adhesives Thickening and lubricity

Adhesives and
Latex adhesives Thickening and water-binding
Sealants
Plywood adhesives Thickening and solids holdout
Natrosol hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), a nonionic, water-soluble

polymer, is a white, free-flowing granular powder. Solutions Advanced
Advanced ceramics Suspension agent
Ceramics
of Natrosol HEC are pseudoplastic or shear-thinning. Natrosol
HEC is easily dissolved in cold or hot water to give crystal-clear
Ceramics,
solutions of varying viscosities. Furthermore, low to medium Pottery and Traditional ceramics Suspension agent
molecular weight types are fully soluble in glycerol and have Porcelain
good solubility in hydro-alcoholic systems containing up to 60
percent ethanol. Natrosol HEC is generally insoluble in organic Emulsion polymerization,
Paint and Protective colloid, surface activity,
waterborne architectural
solvents. Coatings
coatings
rheology modifier
Hydraulic cements
Cement extender, filtration
Energy / Civil cement slurries,
control additive, rheology
Engineering completion/workover
modifier
fluids
Emulsion and PVAC and acrylic latices,

Protective colloid and surface
Suspension PVC suspension, styrene
activity, suspension olymerization
Polymerization polymerization
Water-binding and rheology

Coating, size press
Paper control, water-binding and solids
solutions
holdout
Latex-back sizes Thickening

Textiles Glass-fiber size Film-former
Printing pastes Thickening and water-binding
Water-binding and extrusion aid

Welding rods
Water-binding and green
Binders Ceramic glaze
strength
Foundry cores
Water-binding

Natrosol HEC, Natrosol B HEC (continued)
Viscosity Specification of Natrosol (mPas) at 25 C
Viscosity measured at a concentration of Brookfield LVF setting

Molecular
Weight2
B-types 1
Non-B Non-R 1% 2% 5% Spindle RPM
HHBR HHR HH 3.400-5.000 4 30 1.3 x 106
H4BR H4R H3 2.600-3.300 3 30 1.1 x 106
HBR HR H 1.500-2.500 3 30 1.0 x 106
MHBR MHR 1.000-1.500 3 30
MBR MR M 4.500-6.500 4 60 7.2 x 105
KR 1.500-2.500 3 30
GR G 250-450 2 60 3.0 x 105
E 25-105 1 30
JR 250-400 2 60
J 150-400 2 60
LR L 100-180 1 30 9.0x 104
B-biostable grade.
1
Molecular weight is estimated or calculated from intrinsic viscosity measurements.

2
Chemistry
The Natrosol HEC polymer is a hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose.
The structure of the cellulose molecule shows its chain
composed of anhydroglucose units. By treating cellulose
with sodium hydroxide and reacting with ethylene oxide,
hydroxyethyl groups are introduced to yield a hydroxyethyl
ether. B grades are more biostable with enhanced resistance
to enzymatic degradation due to their substitution pattern.
Grades treated to provide a powder that displays fast dispersion
without lumping when added to water are designated by the
letter R. This treatment does not alter the solution viscosity.

Natrosol Plus, Natrosol HE 3KB and
Natrosol HE 10K
Natrosol Plus, Natrosol HE 3KB and Natrosol HE 10K are
nonionic water-soluble polymers, hydrophobically modified
hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC). The hydrophobic modification
consists of long-chain alkyl groups chemically bound to the
polymer. The physical properties of unmodified HEC and
HMHEC contribute increased solution viscosity and altered
rheological properties.
Natrosol Plus HMHEC Physical Properties

Physical form white to off-white powder
Moisture, max 5%
Ash, max 10%
1
Particle size, on U.S. 40, max 10%

Viscosity, 1% in water Grade 330
2
150-750 cP
Solution appearance clear
Solution pH 6.0-8.5
Hydrophobically modified HEC builds viscosity through

hydrogen bonding with water molecules (as with traditional
cellulosics), chain entanglement and association of the
hydrophobic groups. Aqueous solutions of Natrosol Plus,
Natrosol HE 3KB and Natrosol HE 10K are highly pseudoplastic
(shear-thinning), with Natrosol HE 10K most pseudoplastic as
a result of association of the hydrophobes. This association
breaks down under shear, and viscosity drops quickly. The
amount of pseudoplasticity is greater for Natrosol Plus, Natrosol
HE 3KB and Natrosol HE l0K than for Natrosol. Unlike aqueous
solutions, aqueous latex systems thickened with Natrosol Plus,
Natrosol HE 3KB and Natrosol HE 10K HMHEC have superior
rheology and are less pseudoplastic than Natrosol HEC.
Improved rheology.
Outstanding spatter resistance.
Viscosity stability of latex systems.
Biostability (similar to Natrosol B HEC).
Color acceptance and development.
Calculated as Na2S04.
1
Brookfield at 6 rpm.
2

Admiral, Liberty and Natrosol
Fluidized polymer suspensions Product Cellulose Carrier MW
Admiral 1089 HEC water Low
Ashland offers a series of fluidized polymer suspensions (FPS)
of hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and carboxymethylcellulose Admiral 3089 HEC water Medium
(CMC) that are easily dispersed and dissolved in cold or hot Admiral 3171 HEC water Medium
water to produce solutions of varying viscosities. Ashland Admiral 3966 HEC water Medium
FPS formulations vary in active content from 15 to 45% and Admiral 5151 HEC water Medium
are environmentally friendly. Hydroxyethylcellulose and Admiral MO1030 CMC water High
carboxymethylcellulose FPS suspensions are used as fluid Aqualon AQU D-3334 HEC water High
rheology modifiers, fluid loss reducers, suspending agents Natrosol MBR FPS HEC water Medium
or lubricants, particularly in applications where powdered Ecodura FLA 3962 HEC water Low
products cannot be handled. Ecodura TA 4283 HEC water High
Ecodura TA 4451 HEC water Low
Benefits Ecodura TA 4641 HEC water Medium
Easy to handle and meter. Liberty 3794 CMC oil Medium
Liberty 4969 CMC oil High
Low viscosity, pumpable.
Natrosol 250 MHB FPS HEC water Medium
Quick and complete dissolution.
Natrosol FPS MH HEC water Medium
Eliminates filtration problems. Natrosol FPS-H48 HEC water High
Addition of higher MW polymers. Natrosol FPS-HB HEC water High
Natrosol FPS-LO MHR HEC water Medium
Applications Natrosol Liquid HHRP FPS HEC oil
Drilling muds. Civil engineering. Natrosol Liquid MR HEC oil
Natrosol Plus 330 FPS HEC water
Paper coatings. Cement slurries.
Primaflo MP3295A CS HPMC water Medium
Completion/workover fluids. Spacers/flushers.
SC-50 CMC oil High
Gravel packing. Cuttings injection. Xxtradura GMH 4176 HEC water High

Culminal, Benecel, Combizell
Methylcellulose and its derivatives
Chemistry
Methylcellulose and its derivatives are made under rigidly controlled conditions by reacting alkali-cellulose with methyl chloride,
resulting in methylcellulose (MC), ethylene oxide, resulting in methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC), or propylene oxide, resulting in
methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC).

Methylcellulose Physical Properties
Active content on
Application Properties / Features
dry basis min 98%
Cold water solubility
Moisture content Culminal MC Benecel MC
Quality of solution max 8% max 5%
Higher substitution leads to clearer solutions Sodium chloride
Solubility in organic solvents (special substitution) content Culminal MC Benecel MC
max 1.5% max 0.8%
Water retention
Bulk density Culminal MC Benecel MC
Higher viscosities have better water binding properties
200-550 g/l 200-600 g/l
Rheology control/thickening/stabilizing effect
Thermogelling
Coarse max. 1% on 0.8 mm & 55-90% on
Higher methoxyl substitution leads to a lower 0.2 mm/ LaserDv50: 250 min.-450 max.
thermogelling temperature
P1-Type 3-10% on 0.2 mm / LaserDv90:
Higher methoxyl substitution causes a higher thermogel 255 min.-330 max.
strength
P-Type 1-8% on 0.2 mm / LaserDv90:
Binding 255 min.-330 max.
Protective colloid/suspension/emulsion effect PF-Type max. 8% on 0.125 mm / LaserDv90:
Adhesive power 170 min.-250 max.
Lower viscosities giver better adhesion than higher PFF-Type max. 40% on 0.063 mm / LaserDv90:
viscosities 170 min.-250 max.
Lower substitution level types give more adhesion R retarded dissolving version for easy
solution make-up.
Film formation
Controlled release properties

Culminal, Benecel Culminal, Benecel
Methylcellulose Methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC)
Designed for use as water retention aids, thickening and Designed for use as adhesives, binders, extrusion aids,
film-forming agents, protective colloids, and suspending and plasticizers, protective colloids, rheology modifiers,
emulsifying agents. stabilization agents, thickeners and water-retention agents.
Thermogelling properties (temperature lower than MHPC Thermogelling properties depending on the substitution
and MHEC). pattern.
Physical Properties Physical Properties

Spec Average Viscosity OCH3 Spec Average POOH
Type
Brookfield RVT (mPas) 20% <=> 30% Viscosity OCH3 2%
Type
Benecel A15C 1600 high
Brookfield RVT 20% <=> 30% <=>
(mPas) @ 20 oC 12%
Benecel A4C 450 high
Culminal MHPC 400 R 450 high low
Benecel A4M 4000 high
Culminal MHPC 500 PF 500 high low
Culminal MC 2000 S 2500 very high
Benecel K4M 4000 low high
Culminal MC3000 P 4000 high
Culminal MHPC 3000 P1R 4000 high low
Benecel E4M 4100 high high
Benecel E10M 6700 high high
Gelcurve of different cellulose ethers (4% solutions).
Rheometer Bohlin CS 50 Benecel K15M 10,000 low high
10k
Culminal MHPC 20000 S 15,000 very high low
Culminal MHPC 724 18,500 high medium
1k Benecel K35M 19,000 low high
Culminal MHPC 20000 P 24,000 high low
G*(Pa)
Culminal MHPC 20000 R 24,000 high low

BenecelGelK100M
Benecel Temp Visco* 2% 30,000 low high
(oC) (mPas)
10
A4C2Benecel K200M 54 400
60,000 low high
E4M C 64 3600
A4M2 58 3600
K35M 81 35.000
1
Brookfield RV 20 oC/20 rpm, 2% solution.
European Pharmacopoeia.
1
2
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
Temperature (oC)
Benecel Gel Temp Visco* 2%

(oC) (mPas)
A4C2 54 400
E4M C 64 3600
A4M2 58 3600
K35M 81 35.000
1
Brookfield RV 20 oC/20 rpm, 2% solution.
2
European Pharmacopoeia.
0 85 90

Culminal/Combizell Spec Average
Viscosity OCH3 EOOH
Methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC) Type
Brookfield RVT 20% <=> 30% 1% <=> 10%
(mPas) @20 oC
Culminal MHEC
45,000 low high
40000PF
Culminal MHEC
70,000 low high
70000PF
Culminal Plus 1030PF1 6000 high high
Culminal Plus 1060PF1 7000 high high
Culminal Plus 2060PF1
18,000 high high
Modified MHEC.
1
Designed for use as adhesives, binders, extrusion aids,

plasticizers, protective colloids, rheology modifiers,
stabilization agents, thickeners and water-retention agents.
Adhesives Adhesive, binder, film former
Thermogelling properties depending on the substitution
pattern (higher than MHPCs).
AgChem Rheology modifier, stabilization agent,
Physical Properties film former
Spec Average Emulsions Rheology modifier, stabilization agent

Viscosity OCH3 EOOH
Type
Brookfield RVT 20% <=> 30% 1% <=> 10%
(mPas) @ 20 oC Ceramics Extrusion aid, binder, rheology modifier,
Benecel ME 233 P 4700 low low
stabilization agent
Combizell DE 6000 R 7000 high low
Metal Processing Rheology modifier, stabilization agent
Culminal MHEC
4000 high high
3000 PFSM
Mineral Slurries Rheology modifier, stabilization agent
Culminal MHEC
7000 low high
6000 PFS
Mining Rheology modifier, stabilization agent
Culminal MHEC
7000 high low
6000 PR
Paint Removers Rheology controller, thickener,
Culminal MHEC 8000 10,000 low high
film former
Culminal MHEC
20,000 low high
15000 PFF
Paper Coatings Rheology modifier, stabilization agent,
Culminal MHEC
15000 PFR
20,000 low high film former
Culminal MHEC
20,000 low high Pulp & Paper Rheology modifier, stabilization agent
15000 PFS
Combizell DE
30,000 low high
25000 P 0 5 R Suspension Protective colloid, rheology
Culminal MHEC
30,000 low high
Polymerization modifier, stabilization agent
25000 PFF
Culminal MHEC 35000 Tile Adhesives Open time, tensile strength, settling
40,000 low high
P1R time, sag, flexibility
Culminal C4053 45,000 high high
Tobacco Adhesive, binder, rheology modifier,
stabilization agent
Modified MHEC
1

Klucel HPC Chemistry
Hydroxypropylcellulose Hydroxypropylcellulose is manufactured by reacting alkali
cellulose with propylene oxide at elevated temperatures
and pressures. The propylene oxide can be substituted on
the cellulose through an ether linkage at the three reactive
hydroxyls present on each anhydroglucose monomer unit
of the cellulose chain. Published information suggests that
etherification takes place in such a way that hydroxypropyl
substituent groups contain almost entirely secondary hydroxyls.
The secondary hydroxyl present in a side chain is available for
further reaction with the oxide, and chaining out may take
place. This results in formation of side chains containing more
than one mole of combined propylene oxide.
Klucel hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a nonionic water-soluble
cellulose ether with a unique combination of properties, soluble
in cold water and polar organic solvents, surface active, forms A. Clear and Smooth
films of exceptional flexibility without addition of plasticizers Acetic acid (glacial) Isopropyl alcohol (95%)
and is a thermoplastic polymer that can be extruded or Acetone: water (9:1) Methanol
injection molded. Benzene: methanol (1:1) Methyl Cellosolve
Cellosolve Methylene chloride: methanol (9:1)
Applications Chloroform Morpholine
Cyclohexanone M-Pyrol
Markets Applications
Dimethyl formamide Propylene glycol
L ithography alcohol replacement
Printing & Inks Dimethyl sulfoxide Pyridine
Water & solvent inks thickener
Suspension Polymerization PVC secondary protective colloid, controls porosity Dioxane t-Butanol: water (9:1)
F ormation of intricate parts, binder for filler or active Ethyl alcohol Tetrahydrofuran
Injection Molding
material Ethylene chlorohydrin Toluene: ethanol (3:2)
Ceramics Processing aid, water retention, green body strength Formic acid (88%) Water
B inder, film former, processing aid for reconstituted Glycerin: water (3:7)
Tobacco
tobacco
B. Moderately Granular and/or Hazy
T hickener, retard solvent loss, cling on vertical
Paint Removers Acetone Methyl acetate
surface
Adhesives Solvent-based systems or hot melts Butyl acetate Methyl ethyl ketone
Encapsulation Stabilizer, wall-forming polymer Butyl Cellosolve Methylene chloride

Cyclohexanol Naphtha: ethanol (1:1)
Physical Properties Isopropyl alcohol (99%) Tertiary butanol

Lactic acid Xylene: isopropyl alcohol (1:3)
Concentration in Water
C. Insoluble
Brookfield Viscosity
(25 C, LVF, Moisture Free) Aliphatic hydrocarbons Methyl chloroform
1 wt% 2 wt% 5 wt% 10 wt% Mw Benzene Mineral oils
Grade Carbon tetrachloride Soybean oil
H 1,275 - 3,500 - - - 1,150,000 Dichlorobenzene Toluene
M - 3500 - 7500 - - 850,000 Kerosene Gasoline
G - 125 - 400 - - 370,000 Trichloroethylene Glycerin
J - - 125 - 450 - 140,000 Xylene Linseed oil
L - - 65 - 175 - 95,000 S olvents were tested using G viscosity types at 2% solids concentration by weight.
All ratios indicated in this table are on a by-weight basis.
E - - - 250 - 800 80,000

Aqualon EC Physical Properties
Ethylcellulose Ethoxyl Grade2 and Ethoxyl Percent
Viscosity1 Types N-Grade T-Grade X-Grade
Designation Limits (cps) 48.0-49.5% 49.6-51.5% 50.5-53.8%
4 3.0-5.5
7 5.6-8.0
10 8.0-11
14 12-16
22 18-24 3
50 40-52
100 80-105
Aqualon ethylcellulose (EC) is a cellulose ether distinguished by
200 150-250
its versatility. As a unique product with wide-ranging solvent
solubility and film flexibility at low temperatures, ethylcellulose 300 250-350
is frequently used in electronics in addition to a variety of other 1

5% solution at 25 C. Viscosity is determined in 80:20 toluene:ethanol
applications. EC provides high solution clarity, good thermal by weight on oven-dried EC sample.
2
Types produced are designated X.
stability and even burnout and has very low decomposition 3
Viscosity is 18-35 cP.
temperatures.
Chemistry
Aqualon EC is a key binder for gravure printing inks as well as
Ethylcellulose is a cellulose ether made by the reaction of ethyl
a thickening binder in flexographic and screen printing inks.
chloride with alkali cellulose, as expressed by the reaction
In these applications, Aqualon EC polymers provide scuff
RONa + C2H5CI ROC2H5 + NaCI, where R represents the cellulose
resistance, adhesion, fast solvent release, film formation and
moiety. The structure for the cellulose molecule is a chain of
outstanding rheology control.
anhydroglucose units joined together by acetal linkages. This
Aqualon EC is soluble in a wide range of organic solvents, but is is indicated in the figure above. These long, oxygen-linked
not water-soluble. anhydroglucose-unit chains have great strength, which is
passed on to cellulose derivatives such as ethylcellulose. The
Applications properties of flexibility and toughness in these derivatives
are directly attributable to this long-chain structure. The
Markets Applications Product Types or commercial product has a substitution value between 2.25
Functions
and 2.60 ethoxyl groups per anhydroglucose unit, or 44-52%
Binder, film former,
Electronics
Solar cells
rheology modifier,
ethoxyl content.
Plasma display panels
thickener Ethoxyl, %
45.5 46.5 47.5 48.5 49.5
Binder, film former,
Packaging, Converting Benzene
Inks rheology modifier,
and Printing
thickener
Toluene
Specialty, glass
Coatings Thickener, film former
conductive Xylene
Solvent-based adhesives, Rheology modifier, 80:20 Toluene/

Adhesives Alcohol
hot melts adhesion, flexibility
Ehtyl Acetate
Rheology modifier,
Pigments Solvent-based slurries
binder, colloid Butyl Acetate
Rheology modifier,
Acetone
Wood Finishing Lacquers, varnishes hardness, low-water pick-
ups, low ash Methanol
Plastics Thermoplastics Handling, toughness
Ethanol
Pharmaceutical Tablets Binder release, control
N-Butanol
Solvent-based Inks, Film former, rheology
Inks Ethylene
printed circuit boards binder
Dichloride
Methylene
Chloride

Performance polymers Specialty chemicals
Galactasol derivatized guar Escalol UV filters
Ashland offers a number of UV absorbers for industrial
D-galactopyranose applications under the Escalol trademark. The three octyl-
esters, Escalol 557, 587 and 597 are high-boiling, water-insoluble
liquids and have strong and broad absorption in the UV-B
region between 290-320 nm and refractive indices in the range
of 1.50-1.55. The benzophenone derivatives Escalol 567 and 577
UV are solids also having absorbance in the UV-B region.
D-mannopyranose
Physical Properties
Boiling or Melting
Ashlands derivatizes guar to offer nonionic hydroxypropyl guar Grade Chemical Name
Point
as well as anionic and cationic guars. They are not affected 507 2-Ethylhexyl-p-dimethylaminobenzoate Bp 362 C
by ionic strength or pH, but will degrade at pH extremes
1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-ter-butylphenyl)
at temperature (e.g., pH 3 at 50 C). They remain stable in 517 Mp 81-86 C
propan-1,3-dione
solution over pH range 5-7. Strong acids cause hydrolysis and 557 2-Ethylhexyl-p methoxycinnamate Bp 198-200 C
loss of viscosity, and alkalis in strong concentration also tend 567 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone Mp 62 C min.
to reduce viscosity. They are insoluble in most hydrocarbon
5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene
solvents. Derivatized guar shows high low-shear viscosity but 577
sulfonic acid
Mp >120 C
is strongly shear-thinning. They are very thixotropic above 1% 587 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate Bp 150 C @ 3 mm Hg
concentration, but below 0.3%, the thixotropy is slight.
598 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3- diphenylacrylate Bp 218 C @ 1.5 mm Hg
HMS Homosalate
Applications
2,2-[6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-
Textile Used in printing and dyeing S1 Mp 80 C
2,4-diyl] bis {5-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]phenol}
carpets.
1
Paper Used in the manufacturing of

white and cardboard paper for
dry strength fiber retention and
improving drainage and yields.
Fire Fighting Used as a viscosifier in fire-retardant

solutions dropped from airplanes
to control the spread of forest fires.
Explosives Used as a water-blocking agent.
Mining Used in electrowinning (copper

purification) and froth flotation.
AgChem Used for hydromulching,

hydroseeding and drift control.
Chemistry
Guar gum is a polysaccharide composed of the sugars
galactose and mannose. The backbone is a linear chain of
1,4-linked mannose residues to which galactose residues
are 1,6-linked at every second mannose, forming short side-
branches.

Specialty chemicals
Micropowder Iron Iron Pentacarbonyl (IPC)
Carbonyl iron powders (CIP) Fe(CO)5
Carbonyl iron powder is manufactured by the chemical Iron pentacarbonyl is an intermediate that has found utility in
decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl. The resulting iron a variety of applications. In the past, it has been used as a fuel
particles are uniform gray microscopic spheres with only traces antiknock agent, a photochemical additive and an intermediate
of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Over 25 different grades of iron for many iron products. The most important current
powder are manufactured through this process and marketed applications are:
under the trade name Micropowder. Specific applications
include: Catalyst for coal liquefaction, Fischer-Tropsch
hydroformylation, olefin isomerization and water gas shift
Radar absorbing materials (RAM). reactions.
Precision electronic cores. Precursor for chemically pure iron, iron oxides, iron catalysts
Electromagnetic interference shielding products (EMI/RF). and thin iron films.
Metal injection molding (MIM). Desulfurization removal of sulfur from coal and petroleum
products.
High-performance powder metallurgy products.
Magnetic fluids. Physical Properties
Halogen solvent waste remediation. Boiling point 103 C
Pharmaceutical iron supplement Ferronyl iron. Melting point -20 C
Specific gravity 1.453
Physical Properties
The fine size and high purity of the carbonyl iron powders are Chemistry
the principal reasons for their superior properties compared to Iron pentacarbonyl is a specialty chemical that is produced
other forms of elemental iron powders. Distinct characteristics as an intermediate during the manufacture of carbonyl iron
of the Micropowder Iron products include: powders. It is produced from a high-pressure reaction between
high-grade iron and carbon monoxide. This organometallic
Very fine spherical size. compound exists as a liquid at room temperature. It may ignite
Submicron to 10 micron particle diameter. spontaneously in air and is decomposed by heat to metallic iron
High purity with up to 99.5% iron content. and carbon monoxide. In air it decomposes to iron oxides and in
sunlight to iron nonacarbonyl. While Fe(CO)5 is highly reactive, it
Unique onionskin structure with cubic crystalline lattice. is stable in dark storage under nitrogen. It is soluble in common
Superior electromagnetic properties. organic solvents such as acetone or toluene and insoluble in
Uniform particle size distribution. water or liquid ammonia. It is unreactive with most acids.
Chemistry Not available in EMEA

In terms of fundamental properties, there are two product
families, the S grades and R grades. The S grades are
standard iron grades with a purity level of approximately 97.5%.
The impurity is comprised of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen and
is the cause of the iron particles unique onionskin structure.
R grades are higher purity iron grades with an average purity
of 99.5%. Through a hydrogen reduction process, most of the
residual carbon and nitrogen have been removed from the iron
particle, producing a higher purity iron grade that is lower in
durometer hardness and lacking the unique onionskin structure.

Specialty chemicals
Carbonyl Iron Grades
Properties Applications
Carbonyl Iron Average
Grades Powder Aerospace &
Diameter % Iron Additive Electronics
Metallurgy Defense
(Microns)
S-1000 79 >97 No Silica X
S-1281 46 >97 Silica
S-1641 35 >97 Silica X
S-1651 35 >97 Silica X
S-2101 24 >97 Silica X
S-2701 24 >97 Silica X
S-3001 13 >97 Silica X
S-5641 3 .4 5.0 >97 Silica X
R-1470 58 >99.5 No Silica X
R-1480 79 >99.5 No Silica X
R-1511 46 >98.5 Silica X
R-1521 46 >98.5 Silica X
R-2410 47 >99.5 No Silica X
R-2430 46 >99.5 No Silica X
MIL-E 3.3 5.7 >97 Silica X
NOTE: These properties represent typical numbers but are not considered sales specifications.
Contact Ashland for technical information on other grades.

Specialty chemicals
Drewplus/Advantage defoamers
Ashlands foam control agents are economical to use and versatile. They have been developed for use in a variety of water-based
industrial applications to provide superior antifoam performance activity and compatibility. They are readily dispersible, provide
excellent long-term foam control persistency, are highly effective on entrained, surface macro-foam and micro-foam, and offered in
a wide range of chemistries (silica, silicone, organophically modified silicones, mineral oil, wax, etc.).
Base Drewplus/Advantage
Description Applications
Carrier reference
L-475 Silica/mineral oil Graphic art, pigment dispersion, oil well cementing
L-477K Silica/mineral oil Kosher printing ink
Y-381 Wax/mineral oil Inks and latex systems
L-464 Silica/wax/mineral oil Inks and latex systems
AM-1512 Hydrophobic silica in mineral oil (9% active) PSA adhesives, oil well cementing, fracturing
TW-4503 Silica/wax/mineral oil Fracturing S-PVC, acrylic emulsions, industrial inks
T-1201 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Adhesives, PSA, SBR, acrylic emulsions
T-1202 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer EP, adhesives, SBR, PVP, PVA, acrylic
L-140 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer EPA, adhesives, inks, industrial coatings
Mineral Oil-based Technology
T-2200 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer EC, EP, emulsions

T-3200 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer EP, adhesives, IC
Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer and fatty acid
T-3211 Adhesives, PSA
(different grade of MO)
T-4200 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Adhesives, EP, emulsions, SBR, PVA
L-108 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer S-PVC, pressure sensitive adhesives, acrylic emulsions
T-4201 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer S-PVC, EP emulsions
T-4202 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer and fatty acid Emulsions, EP
Y-250 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Natural and synthetic, adhesives, cutting oils (metal working)
T-4303 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer and fatty acid EP, coatings, inks, adhesives (PSA), polyvinyl acetate systems
L-493 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Industrial inks
210-951
Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Industrial inks
(smokeless L-493)
L-1311E Oil-based extended Coating inks, adhesives, can be used in high-gloss systems
L-131 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Pressure sensitive adhesives, PVA emulsions, acrylic emulsions
L-198 Silica in mineral oil + compatibilizer Acrylic emulsions, PSA adhesives
L-768 Silicone/silica + compatibilizer Metal working fluids
T-4507 Silica/mineral oil (aggressive version) Adhesives and coatings, acrylic PVA SBR
Boosted Mineral Oil-based
Aggressive silica/mineral oil (self-emulsifying

T-4304 Adhesives and coatings, acrylic PVA SBR, easy to incorporate
spreads quickly throughout coatings)
Technology
Aggressive silica/mineral oil (self-emulsifying

T-4304WI Adhesives and coatings, acrylic PVA SBR, easy to incorporate
spreads quickly throughout coatings)
TS-4400 Silica/silicone/mineral oil Industrial process, paints, wastewater
Wax/mineral oil (aggressive) + compatibilizer
All in one defoamer for let down and grind in, paints, industrial process
W-4300 patented formulation replaces MO and silicone
and wastewater
technologies
W-4502 Aggressive wax in mineral oil Paint, ink, adhesives
Technology
Vegetable
Oil-based
AV-1425 Hydrophobic silica in vegetable oil Industrial coatings, metal working fluids, adhesives

Specialty chemicals
Base Drewplus/Advantage Description Applications
Carrier reference
Graphic art: pigment dispersion
L-418 Silicone/silica + compatibilizer
Gravure art: screen printing inks
Traditional Silicones (Straight PDMS)
Silicone/silica + compatibilizer (excellent grind/ Graphic art: pigment dispersion

L-419
pigment dispersion FCA) Gravure art: screen printing inks
based Technology
L-405 Silicone/silicone copolymer Gravure art: flexographic inks, high-gloss alkyds, epoxy systems
Gravure art: flexographic inks, high-gloss alkyds, epoxy systems,
L-405 LV Low-VOC version of L-405
pigment dispersion
Gravure art: screen printing inks, anticorrosive primers wood and
TS-4385 Silca/silicone/silicone copolymer (work horse)
reducible alkyd, pigment dispersion
TS-4387 Silica/organo/silicone copolymer
Gravure art: flexographic inks, screen printing inks
TS-5541 Silica/silicone
Gravure art: flexographic Inks, screen printing inks, pigment dispersions
S-4288 Polysiloxane emulsion High-gloss paints, inks
(OM Polysiloxane) based
Quick Bubble Break
S-4287 Polysiloxane emulsion High-gloss paints, inks

Technology

S-4386 Polysiloxane emulsion
Gravure art: flexographic inks
210-796 Polysiloxanes Pigment dispersion, ink overprint varnish
210-852 Silica polysiloxane Pigment dispersion, ink overprint varnish, pigment paste
S-4273 Polysiloxane emulsion Gravure art: flexographic inks, pigment dispersion
Graphic art: pigment dispersion,
TS-4481 Hydrophobic silica/polysiloxane
Gravure art: flexographic inks, screen printing inks, wood coatings
Dissolution Technology
Overprint varnish, pigmented inks, gravure, flexographic and screen inks,

S-4374 Silica/polysiloxane emulsion
wood coatings
S-4480 Polysiloxane + silica Gravure art: flexographic inks, screen printing inks
Oil well cementing, fracturing, wood coatings
Graphic art: pigment, dispersion
210-862 Polysiloxane + silica Gravure art: flexographic Inks, screen printing inks
Oil well cementing, fracturing, wood coatings
210-886 Polysiloxane emulsion Inks, flexo/screen printing, pigment dispersion
Defoamers
Silipur RE29H Free-flowing white powder

Powder
Oil well cementing, civil engineering, grout, mortar, cement

RE 5500 Free-flowing white powder

Specialty chemicals
pHLEX Physical Properties
Neutralizing additive Viscosity Specific
Physical pH (1.0 wt
Product (cPs or gravity
Form % solution)
pHLEX neutralizing additive is a proprietary organoamine mPas) @ 25 C
blend that raises pH and provides buffering effects to pHLEX 100
Clear to light-
~15 1.052 11-11.5
waterborne paints and coatings. It is designed as a functional yellow liquid
drop-in replacement that is an economic alternative to other Clear to light-

pHLEX 110 ~15 1.055 11-11.5
yellow liquid
common amine-based neutralizers, but also offers a low-odor
Clear to light-
stabilizing alternative to ammonia, NaOH and other common pHLEX 400
yellow liquid
~15 1.052 11-11.5
bases. Clear to light-
pHLEX 410 ~15 1.055 11-11.5
yellow liquid
pHLEX neutralizing additive also offers reduced VOC compared
to other organoamine neutralizers and lower odor levels for
Red = Only available in EMEA
in-plant handling benefits.
Benefits
Effective pH neutralizer.
Provides pH stability over time.
Inhibits in-can corrosion.
Helps prevent flash rusting.
Lower odor for handling and manufacturing.
Can reduce odor of waterborne paints.
Can reduce demand of anionic dispersant.

Performance Specialties Charts
The following tables are cross-references of the products cited
throughout the text and their uses in a wide variety of industrial
applications and their fundamental functional properties.
Surfactants, solvents and intermediates, vinyl monomers
The following table is a cross-reference of the products cited throughout the text and their uses in a wide variety of industrial applications.
Surfactants, Solvents and Intermediates Vinyl Monomers
vinylpyrrolidone
phosphate ester
phosphate ester
wetting agents
wetting agent
Easy-Wet 20
V-Cap vinyl
caprolactam
Surfadone
surfactants
surfactants
Strodex
Dextrol
V-Pyrol
Adhesives n n n n n
Advanced Ceramics
Batteries
Cables
Ceramics
Civil Engineering
Electronics n n
Emulsions n n
Explosives
Inks & Printing n n n n n n
Membranes
Metal Processing n n n n
Mineral Slurries n n
Mining
Paint Removers
Paper Coatings
Plastics n
Pulp & Paper
Refinery Additives n n
Rubber
Specialty Coatings n n n n n
Suspension
n
Polymerization
Textiles & Leather
Tissues & Towels
Tobacco
Weldings
Woodcare

Performance Polymers
Ganex/Antaron polymers
Gaffix/Copolymer VC-713
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
UltraThix crosspolymer
Polyclar crospovidone
Disintex disintegrants
Aquaflex copolymer
Setleze copolymers
Styleze copolymers
Polectron/Antara
Gafquat polymers
RapiThix polymer
PVP/VA polymers
PVP polymers
polymers
Polyclar
polymer
Adhesives n n n n n n
Advanced Ceramics n
Batteries n
Cables
Ceramics n
Civil Engineering
Electronics n n
Emulsions n
Explosives
Inks & Printing n n n n n n n n n
Membranes n n n n
Metal Processing n n n
Mineral Slurries
Mining
Paint Removers
Paper Coatings n n
Plastics
Pulp & Paper
Refinery Additives
Rubber
Specialty Coatings n n n n n n n n n
Suspension
n
Polymerization
Textiles & Leather
Tissues & Towels
Tobacco
Weldings
Woodcare

n
n
Sorez copolymers
n
RheoThix thickening agent
Aquaflow rheology
n
n
modifiers
Gantrez and I-Rez
n
n
n
n
copolymers
Performance Specialties Reference Guide

EasySperse polymeric
n
n
dispersant ranges
n
n
n
n
Jaypol acrylates
n
n
n
n
n
Rapifloc acrylates
Bondwell, Blanose,
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Aqualon carboxymethyl
cellulose
n
n
n
AquaVIS polymers
Natrosol
n
n
n
n
n
hydroxyethylcellulose
n
n
n
n
Aqualon ethyl cellulose
Klucel hydroxypropyl
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
Culminal methylcellulose
n
n
n
n
n
n
derivatives
Benecel methylcellulose
n
n
n
n
derivatives
n
n
n
Galactasol derivatized guar
61
Specialty chemicals
neutralizing
emulsifiers
Ceraphyl
UV filters
Escalol
pHLEX
agents
Adhesives
Advanced Ceramics
AgChem
Batteries
Cables
Ceramics
Civil Engineering
Electronics
Emulsions
Explosives
Inks & Printing n n n
Membranes
Metal Processing n
Mineral Slurries
Mining
Paint Removers
Paper Coatings
Plastics n
Pulp & Paper
Refinery Additives
Rubber
Specialty Coatings n n
Suspension Polymerization
Textiles & Leather
Tissues & Towels
Tobacco
Weldings
Woodcare

Cerasynt
n
emulsifiers

Micropowder
n
Iron
Iron
n
Pentacarbonyl
Drewplus/
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Advantage
defoamers
63
Surfactants, solvents and intermediates, vinyl monomers
The following table is a cross-reference of the products cited throughout the text and their fundamental functional property(ies).
vinylpyrrolidone
phosphate ester
phosphate ester
microemulsifier
wetting agents
wetting agents
Easy-Wet 20
V-Cap vinyl
caprolactam
Surfadone
surfactants
surfactants
emulsifiers
emulsifiers
Microflex
Cerasynt
Ceraphyl
Strodex
Dextrol
V-Pyrol
ranges
Activity Inhibitor
Adhesive
Anti-Agglomerant
Anti-Soil Redeposition
Anti-Static
Binder
Bioadhesive
Catalyst
Chemical Intermediate n n
Cohesive
Complexes
Corrosion Inhibitor n n
Cross-linker
Crystal Inhibitor
Defoamer
Detergent n n n n n n n
Disintegrant
Dispersant n n n n
Dye Fixative
Dye Transfer Inhibitor
Electrical Conductor
Electrical Resistor
EMI Protector
Emulsifier n n n n n n n
Encapsulation
Film Former
Flexible Film Former

vinylpyrrolidone
phosphate ester
phosphate ester
microemulsifier
wetting agents
wetting agents
Easy-Wet 20
V-Cap vinyl
caprolactam
Surfadone
surfactants
surfactants
emulsifiers
emulsifiers
Microflex
Cerasynt
Ceraphyl
Strodex
Dextrol
V-Pyrol
ranges
Flocculant
Flow Controller
Fluid Loss Additive
Lubricant n n n n
Metal Sequestrant
Oil Solubility n n
Opacifier n
Plasticizer n n
Processing Aid
Release Agent
Rheology Modifier
Sizing Agent
Soil Release Agent
Solvent n n n n n
Stabilizer
Substantive
Surface Active n n n n n n n
Suspending Agent
Tack Modifier
Thermoplastic
Thickener
UV Absorber
UV Protector
Water Resistor
Water-Holding
Wax Inhibitor

Aquastyle copolymers
Aquaflex copolymers
Styleze copolymers
Polectron/Antara
Gafquat polymers
RapiThix polymer
Ganex/Antaron
PVP/VA polymers
PVP polymers
Acrylidone
polymers
polymers
Polyclar
polymer
Activity Inhibitor n n
Adhesive n n n n n n
Anti-Agglomerant
Anti-Soil Redeposition n
Anti-Static n
Binder n n
Bioadhesive
Catalyst
Chemical Intermediate
Cohesive n n n n n n n
Complexes n n
Corrosion Inhibitor n
Cross-linker n n n
Crystal Inhibitor n n n
Defoamer
Detergent
Disintegrant n
Dispersant n n
Dye Fixative n n
Dye Transfer Inhibitor n
Electrical Resistor
EMI Protector
Emulsifier n
Encapsulation
Film Former n n n n n n n n n n
Flexible Film Former n n n

n
n
n
Sorez copolymers
RheoThix thickening
n
n
agents
Aquaflow rheology
n
n
modifiers
Gantrez and I-Rez
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
copolymers

n
n
n
dispersant ranges
Jaypol acrylates
n Rapifloc acrylates
Bondwell, Blanose,
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
Natrosol
n
n
n
n
n
n
Aqualon
n
n
n
n
ethyl cellulose
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
n
n
n
derivatives
n
n
n
derivatives
Galactasol derivatized
n
guar
67
Aquaflex tetrapolymers
Aquastyle copolymers
Styleze copolymers
Polectron/Antara
Gafquat polymers
RapiThix polymer
Ganex/Antaron
PVP/VA polymers
PVP polymers
Acrylidone
polymers
Polyclar
polymer
polymer
Flocculant
Flow Controller
Fluid Loss Additive
Lubricant n n
Metal Sequestrant
Oil Solubility n
Opacifier n
Plasticizer
Processing Aid
Release Agent
Rheology Modifier n n n n
Sizing Agent
Soil Release Agent
Solvent n
Stabilizer n
Substantive n n n n n
Surface Active n n n
Suspending Agent n
Tack Modifier n n
Thermoplastic n
Thickener n n
UV Absorber
UV Protector
Water Resistor n n n
Water-Holding
Wax Inhibitor n

n
Sorez copolymers
RheoThix thickening
n
n
n
n
agents
Aquaflow rheology
n
n
modifiers
Gantrez and I-Rez
n
n
n
n
copolymers

n
dispersant ranges
n
n
n
Jaypol acrylates
n
n
n
n
Rapifloc acrylates
Bondwell, Blanose,
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
Natrosol
n
n
Aqualon
n
n
n
n
n
ethyl cellulose
n
n
n
n
n
cellulose
n
n
derivatives
n
n
derivatives
Galactasol derivatized
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
guar
69
Specialty chemicals
Specialty Chemicals
Micropowder
Pentacarbonyl
water-soluble
Ambergum
Advantage
neutralizing
Drewplus/
defoamers
polymers
UV filters
Escalol
pHLEX
agents
Iron
Iron
Activity Inhibitor n n
Adhesive
Anti-Agglomerant
Anti-Soil Redeposition
Anti-Static
Binder
Bioadhesive
Catalyst n n
Chemical Intermediate n
Cohesive
Complexes
Corrosion Inhibitor n
Cross-linker
Crystal Inhibitor
Defoamer n
Detergent
Disintegrant
Dispersant n
Dye Fixative
Dye Transfer Inhibitor
Electrical Resistor n
EMI Protector n
Emulsifier n
Encapsulation
Film Former n
Flexible Film Former

Specialty Chemicals
Micropowder
Pentacarbonyl
water-soluble
Ambergum
Advantage
neutralizing
Drewplus/
defoamers
polymers
UV filters
Escalol
pHLEX
agents
Iron
Iron
Flocculant
Flow Controller
Fluid Loss Additive
Lubricant n
Metal Sequestrant
Oil Solubility n
Opacifier
Plasticizer
Preservative
Processing Aid
Release Agent
Rheology Modifier n
Sizing Agent
Soil Release Agent
Solvent
Stabilizer n
Substantive
Surface Active n n
Suspending Agent
Tack Modifier
Thermoplastic
Thickener n
UV Absorber n
UV Protector n
Water Resistor
Water-Holding
Wax Inhibitor

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Registered trademark, Ashland or its subsidiaries, registered in various countries

Trademark, Ashland or its subsidiaries, registered in various countries
2012-2016, Ashland
PC-11578.3
The information contained in this brochure and the various products described are intended for use only by persons having technical skill and at their
own discretion and risk after they have performed necessary technical investigations, tests and evaluations of the products and their uses. Certain end
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is the end users responsibility to determine the applicability of such regulations to its products.
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Performance Specialties

With good chemistry great things happen.

2 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 3

4 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 5

Not available in EMEA

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 7

Ganex is sold as Antaron in Europe and Canada.

Polectron 430 is sold as Antara 430 in Europe and Asia Pacific.

8 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Foam Control Agents

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 9

10 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 11

Surface Tension: 0.1

Bold = Not available in EMEA

12 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Bold = Not available in EMEA

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 13

Product Chemical Name Applications

14 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 15

16 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 17

High polarity and the resultant propensity to form complexes

18 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 19

100,000 Use level 2% 2%

20 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 21

Ganex/Antaron polymers Physical Properties

22 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Applications Bold = Not available in EMEA

Bold = Not available in EMEA

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 23

An opacifier and thickener for cleaning products.

24 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Two VP/DMAEMA copolymers are quaternized with The copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyl

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 25

26 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Acrylidone is not available in Europe.

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 27

A range of V-Cap and V-Pyrol homo- and copolymers are

28 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Physical Properties Physical Properties

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 29

Dye transfer inhibitors. % Solids 75-77%

Hard-surface cleaners. Chemistry

30 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

XLS-500 25% Yes

Improved sag/levelling balance

NLS-210 25% No Low- and mid-shear effective

Balance of KU & ICI viscosity hybrid performance

High-shear effective with some KU build

NHS-300 20% Yes Original Aquaflow NSAT ICI builders

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 31

Reaction of the anhydride functional group with essentially

* Trademark owned by a third party.

32 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Not available in EMEA

Performance Specialties Reference Guide 33

Not available in EMEA

34 Performance Specialties Reference Guide

Designed for use as adhesives, binders, extrusion aids,

Paper Used in the manufacturing of

Fire Fighting Used as a viscosifier in fire-retardant

Mining Used in electrowinning (copper