21/09/2012

BS 5489 Themes for change

Lighting landscape has changed

Road Lighting Seminar
BS5489-1 & BS EN13201 1. Technology
2. Energy
3. Competency
The proposed 2012 updates 4. Risk Assessments
5. Environment
6. Health & Safety
Alistair Scott BSc, CEng, FILP, MIMechE
Past President Institution of Lighting Professionals
Managing Director - Designs for Lighting Ltd
Chairman BSI CPL 34/08 Road Lighting

Theme 1: Technology
BS 5489 Themes for change Theme 2: Energy Management

Variable Lighting
Variable lighting preferred to
switch off (in most cases)

Light level varies with usage

and risk

CMS
Means of managing light
output

right light; right place; right time

Theme 1: Technology
Theme 3: Competency
Theme 2: Energy Management

Variable Lighting Competency

Foreword
Trimming It has been assumed in the preparation of this British Standard that the execution of its
provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose
Choice of Lighting Class use it has been produced.

White Light 4.2 Lighting design

COMMENTARY ON 4.2
Light source Lighting design is a complex task. It is recommended that anyone undertaking lighting
design is adequately trained in the profession and competent to do so.
Efficient luminaire
5.1 Design strategy and road classification Risk assessment
Efficient design ...The design policy or lighting strategy should be developed by competent persons.

Constant light output Annex A (informative)

Selection of lighting classes
COMMENTARY ON ANNEX A
An important outcome of the selection process is to ensure that the area is neither
overlit nor underlit. This is a difficult balance to achieve and it is therefore advised that
the selection process is undertaken by a suitably competent person. It is furthermore
advised that a risk assessment is included along with consultation with relevant
stakeholders.

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Theme 3: Competency Theme 4 - Risk Assessment

CDM Regulations 2007

Designers: roles and responsibilities Every street different
Impossible to be prescriptive
Use local knowledge
Eliminate hazards and risks during design
Consult with stakeholders
Provide information about remaining risks
Make risk assessment street or area specific
Check that the client is aware of their duties and
that a CDM co-ordinator has been appointed
What are the risks?
Provide information needed for the health and Visibility e.g. parked cars
safety file Task complexity e.g. junctions/calming
Vulnerable users e.g. school route
Crime potential

Theme 5: Environmental Theme 6: Health & Safety

Designers should address:

Minimise obtrusive light

Undertake visual impact assessment HV Cables
Daytime & night-time appearance CDM 2007
Effect on flora & fauna and human health
specific local planning issues Design locations
Risk Assessments
NB Safety of users takes precedence BS EN 12767 & TR30
Consult with planning authorities
Road worker safety
Maintenance

Maintenance Factors BS EN 13201

Table B.1 Luminaire Maintenance Factors

PD CEN TR13201-1 Selection of lighting classes
Environmental Mounting EN13201-2 Performance standard
Cleaning frequency
zone height EN13201-3 Calculation of performance
12 24 36 48 60 72 EN13201-4 Measuring light performance
months months months months months months EN13201-5 Energy efficiency requirements
E1/E2 6 m 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92
Theme for change Harmonisation with CIE
E1/E2 >6 m 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92
Part 1 is technical report (not normative)
Part 5 is new
E3/E4 6 m 0.94 0.92 0.90 0.88 0.86 0.84

E3/E4 >6 m 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92

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BS EN 13201-2 Proposed P Values

Illuminance Values (E)

ME classes become M classes? Average Max(150%) Min(20%)
CE classes become C classes
S classes become P classes P1 15 22.5 3
ES class becomes SC P2 10 15 2
SR becomes EIR P3 7.5 11.25 1.5
P4 5 7.5 1
P5 3 4.5 0.6
P6 2 3 0.4

Changes to Emin for P1, P2, P6 shown in red

BS EN 13201-5 BS5489-1 & BS EN 13201

Selection of lighting classes for Subsidiary Roads

New part on energy efficiency requirements

2 metrics; 1 for Engineers; 1 for politicians!

SLEEC Street Lighting Energy Efficiency Calculation

Watts / lux / m2 or W/(cd/m2)/m2

YECI Yearly Electricity Consumption Indicator

Watts / Candela or Watts / lumen

Annex A Selection of lighting class Annex A Selection of lighting class

1963 Recipe method Lack of scientific research on lighting levels

1987 3 classes based on usage & crime Based upon CEN 13201-1 (in draft) & CIE 115
2003 7 classes based on crime, usage Also guided by best practice in UK
& Environmental zone Refer to LA lighting policy
2012 Based on CEN & CIE Less prescriptive
7 Classes, Risk Assessment, Do Risk Assessment
S/P ratio and variable lighting Avoid over or under-lighting

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Annex A Selection of lighting class Step 1 Select table

Table A.2: high speed traffic route

5 Step Approach Table A.3: moderate speed traffic route
Table A.4: conflict areas;
1. Select benchmark lighting class from table Table A.5: subsidiary roads, low speed
2. Do Risk Assessment & refer local policy Table A.6: subsidiary roads, v. low speed
3. Adjust target level based on specific risks Table A.8: city and town centres.
4. Adjust target level for white light
5. Look at variable lighting options

Table A.5 Table A.6

Table A.5 Lighting classes for subsidiary roads with low speed
Table A.6 Lighting classes for subsidiary roads with very low
traffic (v 30 mph)
(walking) speed traffic Non-motorised traffic
Mixed traffic without parked cars present Ambient Ambient Ambient Ambient
Ambient Ambient Ambient Ambient luminance: luminance: luminance: luminance:
luminance: luminance: luminance: luminance: Traffic flow very low (E1) low (E2) moderate (E3) high (E4)
Traffic flow very low (E1) low (E2) moderate (E3) high (E4)
Busy P5 P5 P5 P4
Busy P3 P3 P2 P2
Normal P6 P5 P5 P4
Normal P4 P3 P3 P2
Quiet P6 P6 P5 P5
Quiet P4 P4 P3 P3

Step 2 - Risk Assessment Step 3 Class adjustment

Every street different Adjust the lighting class based on the outcome of
Impossible to be prescriptive the risk assessment
Use local knowledge
Consult with stakeholders Adjustment would not normally exceed 1 class
Make risk assessment street or area specific
level

What are the risks?

Visibility e.g. parked cars
Task complexity e.g. junctions/calming
Vulnerable users e.g. school route
Crime potential

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Step 4 Adjust for S/P ratio Step 4 Adjust for S/P ratio

ILP Research PLG 03 due 2012

Propose reduction in target illuminance
Based on S/P ratio of light source

S/P = 1.2 S/P = 2

Benchmark E.g. Some types of warm E.g. Some types of cool
(e.g. Ra < 60) white lamp such as metal white compact
halide fluorescent or LED

Lighting Eav Emin Eav Emin Eav Emin

Class (lux) (lux) (lux) (lux) (lux) (lux)

P3 7.5 1.5 6.3 1.3 5.5 1.1

P4 5.0 1.0 4.0 0.8 3.4 0.7

White light for pedestrians?

Step 5 Variable Lighting Traffic Routes

Table A.2 Lighting classes for very high speed (v 60mph) and
high speed traffic routes (v > 40mph)
Does usage vary significantly through night?
Lighting class
e.g rush hour, last orders etc.
Do other parameters change? Traffic Dual carriageway
Single
volume
Return to Steps 1 - 4 select new class etc. carriageway
Junction Junction
Build up light profile density: high density: low
Use ILP guidance High to very
ME2 ME3 ME2
high

Low to moderate ME3 ME4 ME3

Very low ME4 ME5 ME4

Step 4 Adjust for S/P ratio BS 5489 & BS EN 13201

Strengths

Comprehensive Guidance
Flexibility on lighting classes
Variable Light Levels
White Light benefits
Risk Assessment

Not applicable for traffic routes?

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Lighting Design Best Practice Thank you

Use competent designers

Create lighting policy
Get policy agreed by LA
Do risk assessment for each design
Use available lighting standards & guides
Consult with stakeholders
Record design decisions