Assignment

India is a country with the second largest population in the world.It consists of 46
metropolitan citiesI propose to touch upon around 10 cities..A large no. of people reside in
these cities. The population density of Delhi itself is 11,297 per sqr. Km. Mumbai ranks 3 rd in
the cities with highest population density with the figure as high as 28,508. To manage so
many people is daunting and hence I believe that matters be looked differently to arrive at a
reasonable conclusion Mathematics shows us that the People of Mumbai have only 35 sq m
per person that is very little space very little. To manage such a large population in such little
space creates problems a lot of problems, it requires great policies and implementation
strategies, the problem is a major portion of the cities is unplanned thus creating a ruckus and
with it a lot of problems.The major problems that these cities have
1) Housing
2) Pollution
3) Transportation
4) Medical facilities
5) Food and water supplies
6) Employment
7) Sanitation and cleanliness
We will discuss and try to find solutions to the above-mentioned problems. Every city is
different and has their own problems.Even though each cities problems may fall into the
above-mentioned categories but the problem itself may be unique in nature, so we cannot
generalize and provide a single solution to all the cities. Therefore we will consider Delhi as
the city to carry forward in our assignment.

Delhi
Delhi is an old city and has been populated since 5 B.C. It has been the capital of various rulers.
A major portion of Delhi is unplanned and around 22 % of the population live in slums without
basic services such as electricity and energy, water and sanitation, refuse and waste removal
are critical services. It is the most polluted city in India and ranks second in the world. Ranks
dirtiest in cleanliness study of 2016. Skyrocketing rent and traffic jams do not assuage people
as well. Let us state the problems one by one and try to find solutions to it.

Transportation- According to a study by IBM Delhi is among the top 10 cities in the world with
worst traffic jams.Let us try to address all the problems related to transportation one by
one.Metro and buses provide as the public transport means for citizens.
1. Increase in the no. of vehicles- There has been a substantial increase in the no. of
vehicles in Delhi and the trend is going to continue.
2. The pace with which roads are being created is very slow in comparison to the
increasing population.
3. High waiting time at red lights-It may range from 120 to 180 seconds and if we
consider a red light every km this increases the commute time by a substantial margin.
 4. Lack of driving skills- Drivers fail to maintain a queue in the case of jams and are in a
rush to overtake leading to a catastrophic result in travel time.
5. Last mile connectivity- Metro has provided an easy and quick way to travel but Metro
stations are far away from certain areas and generally, the last mile connectivity
makes people take out their cars.
6. Over-reliance on metro Metro provides a great and easy way to travel and is
comfortable as well but again the network is problematic for eg. Green Park and Lajpat
Nagar are very near but if one has to travel through metro one has to go to central
secretariat and then change the line from yellow to violet and then go to Lajpat Nagar
same problem arises in between Gurgaon and Dwarka, Dilshad Garden and Vaishali
etc.
Solution.
There are a lot of problems a few have been mentioned above now there are some ways
in which these problems can be overcome.
a. Getting more people to use public transport- This can be done by providing the
last mile connectivity from metro stations, Providing Feeder services, a good
pedestrian infrastructure, rented Bicycle services and high parking charges. All of
the above-given steps can increase the no. of people using public transport
services but adequate steps must also be taken to cater for the increased no. The
frequency of metro must be increased while steps should be taken to ensure that
passengers are comfortable in metros and it doesn't get overcrowded. Parallel
lines of metro must also be constructed which stops at major stations only.

b. Reducing traffic jams- There must be a separate license for the city where drivers
have to be tested on their overtaking skills and not creating a ruckus while
driving.data analytics must be used to check for the problematic areas and
underpasses and overbridges must be constructed.

c. Railway track- may people travel from Gurgaon to Ghaziabad, Noida daily thus
straining Delhi roads. high-speed trains must run in between them to allow the for
hassle-free travel which will also reduce the strain on Delhi roads.

Pollution-
Delhi is the most polluted city in India and causes the death of thousands of people every
year.Some major causes of pollution in the city are
a. No. of vehicles- There are millions of vehicles in Delhi running daily. A household may
have a car for every person in the house and then there are commercial vehicles and
what not.
b. Industries
c. Water Pollution.
d. Lack of green covers
Solution
Many points have been discussed in the transportation section to increase the number of
people using public transport. In addition, Companies must be forced to provide CNG fuelled
busses for employees from Metro stations. Promotion of pool services decreasing the taxes
on Pool services. Setting strict emission standards. Hiking parking charges and zero tolerance
to street side parking and increasing fines on them. This will ensure that more and more
people use public transport. Green areas must be created and there must be a charge to enter
the are through petrol and diesel-fuelled vehicles.

Housing.
Housing has been a constant grief for both the people living on rent and people dwelling in
slums. The rent is too high makes them choose substandard living conditions.
Solution
The government must build multi-story buildings of different price range to rent at affordable
prices for the middle-class people it will increase competition and will help reduce rent. Rent
control acts must be passed to control the rent failing which the landlords must be charged
heavily.The government must decide the rent of an area. For slum dwellers construction of a
multi-story building must be done with basic services and must be allocated to the slum
dwellers who are BPL.

Medical Facilities- Delhi has one of the best medical facilities in the country and is provided
by both the centre and the state. The recent Mohalla clinics is a step in the right direction but
a major problem that is crusading in the mohalla clinics is corruption. Sice the doctors are
being paid according to the no. of patients they see it has led to false filling of patients and
calling them for daily medication.
Solution
Linking of Adhaar cards with patient prescription must be done and the reports of each
patient must be uploaded on the server to keep a check on the work being done and to ensure
that no fake filing is done as well as for what are the patients being called.

Delhi is a big city in itself but on my recent visit to Old Delhi, I realised that you cannot
generalize the problem of the city. Here is a model that can be implemented for Old Delhi
which has its own problem of being very congested and is grieved by traffic jams.
1. Ban vehicles in the are instead pod taxis must be constructed.
2. Pod taxis must be connected with metro
3. Underground wiring must be done
4. Since vehicles will not be used rented bicycles can be used
5. Green cover must be increased.