STATISTICAL MECHANICS R.K. SRIVASTAVA Formerly, Professor of Physics Ranchi College, Ranchi University J. ASHOK Head, Department of Physics Ranchi College, Ranchi University Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited New Delhi-110001 2005Rs. 195.00 STATISTICAL MECHANICS RK, Srivastava and J, Ashok © 2005 by Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without Permission in writing from the publisher. 1SBN-81-203-2782.9 The export rights of this book are vested solely with the publisher. Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, M-97, Connaught Circus, New Delhi-110001 and Printed by Meenakshi Art Printers, Delhi-1 10006.Contents Preface Acknowledgements Notations Used in the Book 1. FUNDAMENTALS OF CLASSICAL STATISTICAL MECHANICS Introduction 1 Phase Space (T Space) 2 Ensemble 2 Distribution Function 3 Liouville Theorem 5 Postulate of Classical Statistical Mechanics 6 Microcanonical Distribution 6 Statistical Weight and Entropy 7 ‘Thermodynamic Potentials 11 Entropy of an Ideal Gas Using Classical Microcanonical Distribution 15 Exercises 19 FUNDAMENTALS OF QUANTUM STATISTICAL MECHANICS Quantal Model of Matter and Statistical Operator 22 Postulates of Quantum Statistical Mechanics 26 Microcanonical Distribution in Quantum Statistics 26 System of Identical Particles and Symmetry of Wave Function 27 Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi~Dirac and Bose-Einstein Distributions 30 Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics 30 Fermi-Dirac Statistics 37 Bose-Einstein Statistics 32 Exercises 34 iii vit ix ai 1-21 22-34