Ministry of Communication and Information Technology

Information Technology Institute

Professional Training Program Intake 37

PROJECT TECHNICAL MANUAL

Prepared By
REEM ESSSAM
AHMED MAGDI
SAMIRA NASSER

Supervised By
ENG. BASSEM BOSHRA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE

9-MONTH PROGRAM INTAKE 37
GRADUATION PROJECT

Project Code INT37-SV-IOT-01

Date: 16 June 2017

Revision: Version 1.0.0.0

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE SMART VILLAGE, GIZA,

EGYPT

JUNE 2017

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, Thank you Allah for the wisdom and perseverance that has been
bestowed upon us during this project, and indeed, throughout our life.
Foremost, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our supervisors
Eng. Bassem Boshra and Eng. Shereen Bahader for their continuous support
to our thesis, study and research, for their patience, motivation, enthusiasm,
and immense knowledge. Their guidance helped us in all the time of this
project.

We would like to express our deepest appreciation to all those who provided us the
possibility to complete this project. A special gratitude we give to Eng.
Mohammed Abd El-glil And Eng. Abanoup whose contribution in motivating us to
go further to a higher level of Knowledge, stimulating suggestions and
encouragement, helped us to coordinate our project, and helped us also in the
technical aspects needed to enhance our project .

Furthermore, we would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the

crucial role of the staff of the Jets and Open Source tracks at Information
Technology Institute, who gave us the permission to use all required equipment
and the necessary materials to complete the task, Eng. Islam Askar and
Eng.Mazen.

We have to appreciate the guidance given by other supervisors who extend their
help at various phases of this project.

Finally yet importantly, we would like to thank our families, and our parents for
supporting us spiritually throughout our lives and for supporting us in every
possible way to see the completion of this work. We would like to thank them for
parenting us even in the most stressful moments in life, and taking care of us even
when we spend most of our times away from them, we would never forget their
efforts and we wish them the best ever.

2
Institute Information Department Open Source Intake
Technology Institute No.: 37
IoT Application
Development

Name Reem E. Mohamed, Obtained Diploma in Date:

Degree Information
Ahmad Magdi, July,2nd
Technology
2017
Samira Nasser

Project Senior People Monitoring

Name

Abstract
The world population is aging and the fertility rate is declining steadily. The U.S
Census Bureau (2008) reported that the number of people aged 65 and over in the
world was estimated to be 506 million in 2008, and this population group currently
accounts for about 7 % of the total world population. The Bureau anticipates that
older adults aged 65 and over will number approximately 1.3 billion by 2040,
accounting for 14 % of total world population. This global demographic trend is
thought to be caused by improvements in public health and hygiene, technological
developments, and advances in health care.

This project intends to implement IoT application that serves elderly house in
monitoring senior remotely. The motivation for this project is to introduce an IoT-
based application that enables seniors movement while having his/her accurately
monitored.

Objectives of The project:

A. Make an IoT based system that serves elderly homes in providing care to
their seniors remotely.
B. Provide computer based organization and supervision facilities for elderly
homes

Key words:
Internet of Things, smart wearables, monitoring, web application, Master of Things

3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................... 7
1.1. Project Description .................................................................................... 8
1.2. Business Objectives and Success Criteria .................................................. 8
1.3. Stakeholders .............................................................................................. 8
1.4. Target Customers....................................................................................... 9
1.5. Vision ........................................................................................................ 9
1.6. Scope ......................................................................................................... 9
1.7. Assumptions and Dependencies ................................................................. 9
1.8. Constraints................................................................................................. 9
1.9. Risks........................................................................................................ 10
1.10. Resources ............................................................................................. 10
2. PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................. 11
2.1. Milestones ............................................................................................... 11
2.2. Time plan ................................................................................................ 11
3. SENIOR People MONITORING ................................................................... 12
3.1. Senior People Monitoring System ........................................................... 12
3.1.1. Senior People Monitoring System Overview ........................................ 12
3.1.2. Senior Monitoring System Functionalities ......................................... 13
3.1.3. Senior Monitoring System Requirements .......................................... 14
3.2. Senior Monitoring System Project Flow .................................................. 14
3.3. System Stages and Functionalities ........................................................... 15
3.3.1. Selecting suitable wearable ................................................................ 15
3.3.2. Building wearable application on the wearable device....................... 17

4
 a. Accessing data ......................................................................................... 17
b. Maintaining connectivity and data integrity ............................................ 17
c. Achieving comfortable usability............................................................... 18
d. Conserving availability ............................................................................ 18
3.3.3. Building web interface for elderly home users ................................... 18
a. Web-based Registration form .................................................................. 19
b. Data Summarization ................................................................................ 22
c. Detailed Data Visualization..................................................................... 24
d. Elderly Home Related Data ..................................................................... 26
e. Data Storage ........................................................................................... 28
3.4. Project Scope ........................................................................................... 28
4. TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION ................................................................... 29
4.1. Technical Specifications .......................................................................... 29
4.2. Project source code .................................................................................. 29
5. CONCLUSIONs AND FUTURE WORK ........................................................... 30
5.1. Conclusion............................................................................................... 30
5.2. Future work ............................................................................................. 31
References ..................................................................................................... 32

5
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1 Average Annual Percentage Growth of Older Population in Developed
and DevelopingCountries:1950 to 2050 [1]............................................................ 7
Figure 3.1 Overall Senior Monitoring System Architecture .................................. 13
Figure 3.2 classification of Senior People Monitoring System requirement ......... 14
Figure 3.3 Senior People Monitoring System Workflow ....................................... 15
Figure 3.4 different wearables for monitoring devices, e.g. (a)Fitbit alta HR , (b)
sugarbeat, and (c) Samsung Gear......................................................................... 16
Figure 3.5 Samsung Gear web Application Interface for Senior People Monitoring
System ................................................................................................................. 18
Figure 3.6 brief overview of the web application of Senior People Monitoring
System workflow ................................................................................................. 20
Figure 3.7(a, b, c) three-step senior registration and (d) new senior ID generation
............................................................................................................................. 21
Figure 3.8 Creating Sensor on MOT for every senior in the last step of senior
registration .......................................................................................................... 22
Figure 3.9 the list of all registered seniors in the elderly home ............................ 23
Figure 3.10 The list of all seniors registered in the elderly home and have a serious
high heart rate issue ............................................................................................ 23
Figure 3.11 Detailed data visualization of a registered senior on clicking on his ID
............................................................................................................................. 25
Figure 3.12 Elderly home site registration form ................................................... 26
Figure 3.13 The list of elderly home registered sites ............................................ 27
Figure 3.14 Specialist registration form ............................................................... 27
Figure 3.16 Senior Monitoring System Database design ...................................... 28

6
CHAPTER 1
1. INTRODUCTION
Internet of Things (IoT) is the collection of devices and applications that connect to Information
Technology (IT) systems through the internet. The spread of wireless enabled devices allow the
machine-to-machine (M2M) communication that is the basis of IoT.

According to the authors in [1], the world population is aging and the fertility rate is declining
steadily. The U.S Census Bureau (2008) reported that the number of people aged 65 and over in
the world was estimated to be 506 million in 2008, and this population group currently accounts
for about 7 % of the total world population. The Bureau anticipates that older adults aged 65 and
over will number approximately 1.3 billion by 2040, accounting for 14 % of total world population.
This global demographic trend is thought to be caused by improvements in public health and
hygiene, technological developments, and advances in health care. The variation of the average
annual percent of growth of elderly people in developing and developed country and the overall
world population through a hundred year period from 1950 to 2050 is shown in Figure 1.1.

Figure 1.1 Average Annual Percentage Growth of Older Population in Developed and DevelopingCountries:1950 to 2050 [1]

Using IoT devices to monitor seniors remotely in their homes has witnessed a noticeable spread
through the last decade. Such applications permit seniors monitoring while avoids traveling to a
hospital or physician's office needlessly. On the other hand, it provides a comfortable real time
monitoring and automatic history.

7
There are many kinds of monitoring techniques for the elderly. For example, the Global
Positioning System (GPS) and mobile phones can be used to track mentally confused elderly
people if they wander outside the houses, However, the subject needs to carry the necessary
devices at all times. Although the devices can be embedded into clothes, it may not be
uncomfortable. Conventional emergency call systems need seniors to carry a small transmitter.
This appears to function well in some areas like Denmark and not well in other like Japan,
according to [2].

Long-term monitoring is valuable because it establishes a baseline against which current data can
be evaluated. However, monitoring cannot be carried out in the long term if the system disturbs
users' lives or puts them under pressure. Ideally, monitoring should be wholly unobtrusive. We
have therefore developed a remote monitoring system for elderly people using wearable device,
which is Samsung gear.

1.1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

This project intends to implement IoT application that servers elderly house in monitoring senior
remotely. The motivation for this project is to introduce an IoT-based application that enables
seniors movement while having his/her accurately monitored.

1.2. BUSINESS OBJECTIVES AND SUCCESS CRITERIA

The main objectives of this project can be summarize in three main points as shown below:

For elderly home: To introduce an IoT application system that is efficient and equivalent
to the current systems which will lead to cost saving for the elderly homes and cause an
increase in their revenue.
For the team member: To have a deep understanding of IoT applications, system
architecture, process, functions and how this system interacts with its users.
For the ITI: To impress the business community with the quality of the ITI IoT application
developer track graduates.

The success of this project can be measured by achieving an efficient working Senior Monitoring
System that meets the requirements of the systems, and is ready for utilization in an elderly home.

1.3. STAKEHOLDERS
Stakeholder Major Benefits Attitudes Win Conditions Constraints
Meeting deadlines
The success of the project is
Project and achieving Time
a reflection of his/her good Supportive
Manager projects success constraints
supervision and a promotion
criteria

8
 for the quality of open source
IoT track

1.4. TARGET CUSTOMERS

Elderly homes that aim to use IoT technology to serve elders and help them connect to the whole
world with minimal effort and highest Quality of Service.

1.5. VISION
Our vision is to provide elderly people with comfortable, safe and happy life.

1.6. SCOPE
The scope of the project is to build a monitoring system for elderly homes. Thus, each elderly
home can collect real time data about its registered seniors remotely. The collected data are
visualized by the home supervisor to take the suitable action for each case. The system also enables
connection between the seniors and their loved ones through twitter. It also stores history of each
senior for future use in case of any problem. On the other hand, it stays in touch with the registered
doctors and specialists for consultant and easier office reservation

1.7. ASSUMPTIONS AND DEPENDENCIES

AS-1: Master of Things (MoT) Application Enablement platform (AEP)

1.8. CONSTRAINTS
Degree of Freedom
Constraint (state
Dimension Driver (state objective) (state allowable
limits)
range)
70-80% of high priority
90 95 % of the basic To meet the success criteria and
Features features must be included
features must be met the evolution plan of the project
in release 1.0
90-95% of user
Meet IoT application To be able to compete with
Quality acceptance tests must pass
requirements existing systems
for release systems 1.0
Project has to be completed
To allow enough time for testing,
Schedule 10 days at min before the Not less than 10 days
documentation and enhancements
defense date
This team size is appropriate to
maximum team size is 3 accomplish the planned
Staff N/A
developers requirements and to gain max
benefits and experience

9
1.9. RISKS
Risk Probability Impact Mitigation
Unavailable device in Less Production and revenue for the Increase the point of sales in
10 %
local market sponsors , bad reputation for users all areas
unable to build
Lack of customers and users of the Support all operating system
applications, Operating 20%
system for all users
system handling/ tools
Badly affects the Improve the system to
Battery lifetime /power
20% reputation of the product in the support more lifetime and
constraint
market less power consumption

Working on fulfilling system

Wireless Lack of customers too because all requirements and making
communication module 20% the devices aren`t support different successive versions of the
wireless technologies project with more features
and enhancements
Provide supporter with the
Waste the time that required for the
Integration 20% team that helps them in
project
integration

1.10. RESOURCES
Resources Resource Description and Source
Team members Three team members responsible for project execution
ITI staff and courses Project support
MOT IoT application enablement platform
ITI facilities Classroom, labs, equipment, etc.

In this Project manual, we are going to discuss our project management plan in the second chapter.
In chapter three, Senior Monitoring system specifications will be described in details. In chapter
four, our project technical documentation and source codes are provided. In chapter five,
conclusions and future work will be described in details.

10
CHAPTER 2
2. PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
2.1. MILESTONES
Event or Deliverable Target Date Responsibility
Project charter approved 1/4/2017 ITI
Project plan completed 20/4/2017 Team members
Project plan approved 10/5/2017 ITI
Project team assembled 15/5/2017 Team members
Project execution initiated 21/5/2017 Team members
Project execution completed 20/6/2017 Team members
Customer acceptance N/A
Project closed out N/A

2.2. TIME PLAN

days (from - to) Task
(1-5) Understanding MOT platform.
Detailed understanding of the functionality of system and platform to be
(5-7)
implemented in our projects software.
(7-9) Competitor analysis (functionality, references, cost)
(9-21) Design and architecture of our projects software
(21-24) Implementation, functionality testing and documentation
(24-30) Testing (platform testing, integration testing, stress test)

11
CHAPTER 3
3. SENIOR PEOPLE MONITORING
In this chapter, senior monitoring system is discussed in details, showing its impact in connecting
internet of things to human life. In first subsection, the overview of Senior monitoring system is
presented. In the second subsection, the overall system changes and functionalities are discussed
in details. In the third section, project scope is described. Finally, in the fourth section, the project
flow of our senior monitoring system is discussed in details.

3.1. SENIOR PEOPLE MONITORING SYSTEM

Senior Monitoring is a system that targets elderly homes. It links group of monitored senior people
to each elderly home. Thus, real time measurements are automatically monitored and supervised
through one of the home management members. The system sets triggers at urgent cases that are
categorized according to their dangers on senior based on personal advises and standards. These
triggers are shown for the supervisor in the form of alerts on their monitoring screen, an e-mail
and SMS to each one of the seniors family members and friends according to the senior registered
preference.

Therefore, our Senior Monitoring system represents a link between the senior and the society
without interfering into the seniors personal life or causing any disturbance in his/her lifestyle.
Additionally, the senior can easily move and live anywhere without the fear of loneliness or sudden
disturbance, since his/her is remotely monitored. On the other hand, the senior will not be obliged
to wear any special device, since our system will be working through any smart wearable, e.g.
Samsung gear.

3.1.1. SENIOR PEOPLE MONITORING SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Since the heart rate and the activity level of human body represent powerful indicators of human
level, a smart wearable is used by each senior to measure and send these data in real time. On the
other hand, the need for dealing with large number of seniors that are spread in different elderly
homes encouraged us to use cloud based services. Therefore, our system is based on the
communication between smart wearable and a cloud based server that is able to process the
received data and allow basic data visualization. Accordingly, each senior is remotely monitored
by the site supervisor in which he/she has already registered.

This data visualization permits free movement of the senior while allows accurate care for each
senior independently. Additionally, each senior has been registered in the system with his group

12
of friends who can receive important related updates through e-mails and SMSs. In order to
maintain a complete system, specialists who work for the elderly home and its sites are also
registered in the system. Specialist registration allows the elderly home easily reach or consult its
specialist in case of seniors health issues. That will allow reaching specialists even if they are
abroad and they can be consulted for each case independently knowing its history. The architecture
of Senior Monitoring system is shown in Figure 3.1.

Senior
Groups
Site A Supervisor
Heart Rate

Activity Level
Battery Level
Elderly
Home
Specialists

Elderly
Home Sites

Site B Supervisor
Figure 3.1 Overall Senior Monitoring System Architecture

3.1.2.SENIOR MONITORING SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITIES

The functionalities that are performed by our Senior People Monitoring System are summarized
as follows:

1. The system stores information about the senior including his/her personal information, the
contact information of groups of selected people around him/her.
2. An application is installed on the seniors wearable device to measure his/her heart rate
and activity level.
3. The server receives real time information about the senior from his/her wearable device
4. The received data are analyzed by our system to get meaningful information to be
visualized in easily read way by the elderly home supervisor.
5. The system starts to record the seniors information
6. An alert is used to report any problem for any monitored seniors

13
 7. The system automatically shares tweets for each senior on special occasions and important
updates using their hash tags.

3.1.3.SENIOR MONITORING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Our system requirements can be categorized into two main requirements, as shown in Figure 3.2,
which are business requirements and application requirements. The business requirements target
the possibility of the system being presented in the market. However, the system requirements
target the possibility of the system existence and scalability. Both requirements target the ability
of the system to be the best selling in market.

System
Requirements

Business Application
Requirements Requirements

: -Low cost -High Availability.

- Easy to use - Scalability
- Easy maintenance - Reliability Alarms

Figure 3.2 classification of Senior People Monitoring System requirement

3.2. SENIOR MONITORING SYSTEM PROJECT FLOW

The functionalities that are performed by our Senior Monitoring System are achieved through
certain sequence described in Figure 3.3 and can be summarized as follows:

1. Each user registers senior data as wearable device to the Senior Monitoring
system.
2. The system generates unique ID for this senior called Senior Id
3. The wearable installs a web application that takes the Senior Id as a key to start
functioning and communication with the system
4. The wearable application connects with the system and continuously sends the
senior average heart rate and the activity level of the senior to the server every
one minute

14
 5. These data are analyzed to show overall senior`s status in the senior`s view
web page
6. The detailed data of each senior is visualized in the seniors details web page
for further actions
7. An alert is produced if the heart beat exceeds certain value for certain period of
time or is less than the threshold value that is specified by the system.

Data storage
Senior Wearable
and
Registration application
Application Server

Cloud-based Application
server with MySQL database Event production every one
minute from each device

Overall Data Detailed

Visualization Data Visualization

Data
Visualization

Figure 3.3 Senior People Monitoring System Workflow

3.3. SYSTEM STAGES AND FUNCTIONALITIES

To achieve the previous requirements the system is divided into different stages each has certain
function. In this section, we will discuss each stage and its functionality.

3.3.1.SELECTING SUITABLE WEARABLE

Selecting suitable device for collecting data about the senior was not an easy task, due to
the spread of wearable devices with different specifications from different vendors.

15
 However, we targeted the devices with suitable operating system and wireless
communication module, e.g. Bluetooth enabled or Wi-Fi enabled, and available APIs.
Additionally, the credibility of measurements was considered. Accordingly, we removed
i-watch from our options due to our limited experience in iOS handling and limited support.
We also removed all the devices with negative reviews about their measurement accuracy
as most of the common activity trackers available in amazon. Thus, our options were
limited to group of wearables. The first group of wearables measure heart rate, activity
level, blood sugar rate and blood pressure, but they have not yet been released to market,
e.g. h2. The second group of devices can measure only heart rate and activity level, but are
available in market e.g. fitbit-alta and Samsung gear. Figure 3.4 shows some wearable
devices that were studied during the wearable device selection process.
On the other hand, Fitbit activity tracker needs to connect to the users cell phone that acts
as gateway through Bluetooth. The need for intermediate device in our case obliges the
senior to carry his/her cell phone while wearing fitbit. Thus, our choice was Samsung Gear
S2, which was available at the ITI. Accordingly, we could save the time of ordering and
shipping which was more than a week. Table 3.1 shows how Samsung Gear S2 met our
system software (S/W), hardware (H/W) and market requirements.

(a) (b) (c)

Figure 3.4 different wearables for monitoring devices, e.g. (a)Fitbit alta HR , (b) sugarbeat, and (c) Samsung Gear

Table 3.1 System requirements with respect to Samsung Gear S2 specifications

Requirement Type Samsung Gear S2 Specification

Operating system is easy to deal with S/W Tizen for wearables V2.2.3
Heart rate sensor and
Availability of sensors H/W
accelerometer
Recommended by reviewers as an
Accuracy of measurements H/W
activity tracker
Existence of wireless module H/W Wi-Fi and Bluetooth exist

Availability of APIs and technical senor APIs, web API, and power
S/W
support API
Programming language used for JavaScript over HTML5/CSS3
S/W
building the application web application
Availability of connectivity with our S/W Through JSON objects
application Server

16
 Power in-sensitive, lives for about
Battery life H/W
three days without recharging
Availability of the device Market Available at the ITI

3.3.2.BUILDING WEARABLE APPLICATION ON THE WEARABLE

DEVICE
In order to build the web application that is used to collect data about the senior and
generate events periodically at the application server, we needed to work on three main
functions. First, accessing the data measured by the heart rate sensor and accelerometer.
Second, maintaining connectivity and integrity by transmitting the measured data for each
senior accompanied with his/her unique ID. Third, achieving usability. Fourth, conserving
the availability of data through a continuously working application through time.

A. ACCESSING DATA
We used the available sensor APIs, which are Heart rate sensor API and Pedometer
API for measuring activity level in terms of number of steps per minute. Our operations
can be summarized as follows
We implemented a web application that can obtain both measurements in real
time
An average of the readings is obtained every one minute for the heart rate and
then reset
A cumulative number of steps taken is obtained every one minute and then reset

The resetting operation is performed when data are sent to the server to avoid data
corruption.

B. MAINTAINING CONNECTIVITY AND DATA INTEGRITY

The Wi-Fi module in the Samsung Gear allowed us to directly connect to the server
without the need of intermediate mobile device. Thus, each wearable device is
registered in the system using its unique ID called Senior ID which is automatically
generated on submitting the registration form of the senior. This unique ID is inserted
as an activation key of the wearable application, as shown in the given figure. Thus, an
HTTP packet is sent from the web application on the senior device in the form of JSON
object carrying the senior ID and the measured heart rate and activity level, as in the
given tizen application code in appendex A . Accordingly, seniors measurements are
differentiated and never interfere. A screenshot of the implemented wearable device
application is shown in Figure 3.5.

17
 Figure 3.5 Samsung Gear web Application Interface for Senior People Monitoring System

C. ACHIEVING COMFORTABLE USABILITY

The psychological research about senior people have proven that they dont easily
interact with new technology [3]. Thus, the senior doesnt have to do anything for the
application from the time it is installed. A technical specialist installs the application
on the senior device, registers his/her in the system and activate the application using
the activation key. Finally, our application works in the background after activation
even if the gear has switched off till it was manually closed or uninstalled. The senior
no longer watches reading about his/her own heart rate or activity level. However,
he/she enjoy their normal life style as if they were not monitored and the supervisor do
that job.

D. CONSERVING AVAILABILITY
To ensure that the Gear wont go to sleep mode leading to stopping data measurement
and transmission task, power API was used to disable sleep mode. This operation
affected the battery lifetime negatively. This can be improved by using MQTT instead
of HTTP and sending data at lower rate and adding event based triggering algorithm to
the wearable device; this can be considered in our future work.

3.3.3.BUILDING WEB INTERFACE FOR ELDERLY HOME USERS

We developed our web application on the Master of Things (MoT) platform. The flow of the web
pages is given in figure 3.6 to give a brief overview of the web application workflow from the

18
elderly home supervisor point of view. However, the basic steps of our Senior People Monitoring
application are summarized as follows:

A. WEB-BASED REGISTRATION FORM

In this step, a web-based application form is built to let the elderly home register
its seniors accompanied with their most recent notes, twitter tag, and contact
information of their close groups of friends. Additionally, specialist who use to visit
the elderly home are registered to facilitate consultant and office reservation for the
registered seniors.

The senior registration process has three steps to enable our system to store the
senior's basic information and his/her groups, and then add group members to the
added groups. After the senior registration step is completed as shown in Figure
3.7(a,b,c), a sensor with unique ID is created for the senior as shown in Figure
3.7(d).

In the backend, when the user click "done" button, the senior data are sent in JSON object, as
shown in Figure 3.8, to allow Master of things, our AEP, create a separate sensor ID for each
senior that is linked to the senior data. This ID is used in the smart wearable to confirm the senior
identification step and start the direct communication between the wearable application and
application server using this unique senior ID.

19
 Senior Basic
Senior Information
Groups
Senior
Group
Member

Home Senior ID

page Add Senior

View all Register a
new Specialist
Seniors
Specialists
Specialists View all
Sites Specialists

Register a
new Site
Sites
View all
Sites

Figure 3.6 brief overview of the web application of Senior People Monitoring System workflow

20
(a) (b)

(c) (d)
Figure 3.7(a, b, c) three-step senior registration and (d) new senior ID generation

21
 Figure 3.8 Creating Sensor on MOT for every senior in the last step of senior registration

B. DATA SUMMARIZATION
In this step a web-based application is used by the elderly home supervisor in order
to view overall real time status of the registered seniors; such that, the senior may
have one of two status which are Okay, and Danger. If the senior has no issues,
he/she will be okay. Each registered senior is added by default to the "Okay" list
that contains all the seniors who are registered in the elderly home. The "view all
seniors" is the web page that has the "Okay" list of seniors is given in Figure 3.9.

Normally, the senior is not shown in the "alert" page that is used to view all the
registered seniors in the elderly home who have serious issues according to their
real time heart rate measurements, unless he/she had serious issue. The alert web
page is given in Figure 3.10. Accordingly, the urgent cases are tracked using this
separate web page that contains all the senior's alerts which reflect high heart rate
with respect to the senior's age. It should be noted that the JSON object created
during the registration process allowed data organization and facilities data retrieval
in both of the lists, since it includes all the required information about the senior to
be displayed.

22
 Figure 3.9 the list of all registered seniors in the elderly home

Figure 3.10 The list of all seniors registered in the elderly home and have a serious high heart rate issue

23
C. DETAILED DATA VISUALIZATION
In order to view all the data related to any senior we create a page for each senior
to enable the supervisor to view the detailed data in a user friendly way . This will

24
facilitate the monitoring task and understanding the status of the senior easily. An
example of data visualization web page is given in Figure 3.11.

Figure 3.11 Detailed data visualization of a registered senior on clicking on his ID

25
D. ELDERLY HOME RELATED DATA
The system also stores information about specialists, so that they can be easily
accessed in urgent cases or as consultants. The elderly home site can be registered
and viewed in the webpages shown in Figure 3.12 and Figure 3.13, respectively.
Similarly, the "add Specialist" web page adds specialists by identifying their
specifications as shown in Figure 3.14 and they can be also viewed in a way that is
similar to "view sites" webpage.

Figure 3.12 Elderly home site registration form

26
Figure 3.13 The list of elderly home registered sites

Figure 3.14 Specialist registration form

27
 E. DATA STORAGE
Storing the data that are related to the senior personal information and the data that
are about his/her connection groups in application tables of the AEP, MoT. There
are data that cashed from the sensors only and other that stored to be used in the
visualization of the senior data on the web application. MoT uses MySQL to control
and manage the data. On the other hand, the data about the specialists who use to
visit the elderly home and the information about the elderly home sites are also
stored in the database. In Figure 3.15, MySQL database schema that is used in
Senior People Monitoring application is given.

Figure 3.15 Senior Monitoring System Database design

3.4. PROJECT SCOPE

Our monitoring system for elderly homes has some of the previous discussed functionalities. Thus,
each elderly home can collect real time data about its registered seniors remotely. The collected
data are visualized by the home supervisor to take the suitable action in each case. The system also
enables connection between the seniors and their loved ones through twitter. It also stores history
of each senior for future use in case of any health problem. On the other hand, it keeps the senior
in touch with the registered doctors and specialists for consultant and easier office reservation

28
 CHAPTER 4
4. TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
4.1. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
All codes are written in HTML5/CSS3/JavaScript.The gear web application was first built and
tested on Tizen studio version 1.0. After testing, we built the wearable web application on Samsung
gear S2 on Operating system Tizen wearable v2.

4.2. PROJECT SOURCE CODE

All the codes that were implemented on the wearable device and MoT AEP are given in Table 4.1
categorized based on their objectives. Thus, Senior People Monitoring project is an open source
one that can be extended and customized according to customer need and hardware availability.
Table 4.1 Senior People Monitoring system source codes

Code Objective Reference link on github

Wearable Web application
Gear S2 for heart rate and activity
level measurements
Index for the Web
Index
interface
Registration Senior and Specialist
form registration https://github.com/AhmadMagdi/SeniorM
onitoring.git
All seniors overall basic
Seniors
information with visual
view
alerts
Real-time specific senior
related information with
Senior
visual aids, showing heart
Monitoring
rate and activity level
every minute

29
CHAPTER 5
5. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK
In this project, we managed to achieve a high available and scalable Senior People
Monitoring System. We implemented IoT application that serves elderly homes in
monitoring their customer of old people remotely. This project aimed at using
technology in elder house overall management. It permitted supervisors in each
elderly home track the change in health status for each registered senior. It facilitates
communication between the senior and the entire world without adding any
constraint to the senior's life style and in extremely comfortable way. Additionally,
it enables each elderly house to manage its own business by storing data about its
specialists and sites. In the next section, we summarize our conclusions that were
produced from practical experiments applied on some ITI staff members and our
team members.

5.1. CONCLUSION
The motivation for this project was to introduce an IoT-based application that
enables seniors' movements while having their health accurately monitored. It
provided an easy to use web-based wearable application to the low-cost senior's
wearable and a user friendly web application for the elderly home supervisors and
users.

During our practical heart rate and activity rate monitoring experiments, we noticed
that separate activity level and heart rate are ambiguous for unspecialized people,
like elderly home supervisors. On the other hand, not having any reading for long
time was another source of mystery. The supervisor had to predict if those are zero
values transmitted from the senior's wearable or no reading was transmitted during
that time! Thus, we managed to add the battery level values to indicate that the
wearable is not sending anything to the application server. Accordingly, the change

30
in battery level through time shows how much the data transmission rate we use may
affect the wearable device battery lifetime.

These conclusions lead us to intended future work that will positively reflected on
the user experience of our Senior People Monitoring project. The future work of this
project is described in details in the next section.

5.2. FUTURE WORK

Based on our conclusions, we have found that adding specific indication of the
meaning of the heart rate reading, activity reading and the senior age combined
together will clear the ambiguity of the non-specialist elderly home supervisor. Thus,
a further medical research should be performed with the assistant of specialized staff
in the field should be performed to better introduce the recorded readings.

Since senior people prefer having certain everyday routine, we planned to give the
elderly home supervisor a general picture about that to minimize the ambiguity of
the readings. Data can be better grouped and organized to give the elderly home
supervisor a general indication about the senior's everyday routine. This can be
easily performed by tracking the senior's activity level for certain time interval.

Regarding the lifetime of the wearable device, our experiments proved that
continuous data transmission and avoiding sleep mode decayed the lifetime of the
smart wearable tremendously. This can be improved by using MQTT instead of
HTTP and sending data at lower rate or adding event based triggering algorithm to
the wearable device. We plan to study this issue in details to give accurate results
that can be used in various real life use cases.

31
REFERENCES
[1] K. O. KIM, THE EMOTIONAL RESPONSES OF OLDER ADULTS TO
NEW TECHNOLOGY (PhD), PhD, 2012.

[2] S. Ohta, H. Nakamoto, Y. Shinagawa, and T. Tanikawa, Original article ~ A

health monitoring system for elderly people living alone, pp. 151156, 2002.

[3] T. C. Callari, S. Ciairano, and A. Re, Elderly-technology interaction:

Accessibility and acceptability of technological devices promoting motor and
cognitive training., Work, vol. 41, no. SUPPL.1, pp. 362369, 2012.

32