Generic Name: Paracetamol

Brand Name: Tylenol

Classification: Analgesics (Non-opioid) Antipyretics
Dosage: 2.5 ml tab
Route: PO
Frequency: every 4 hours
Indications: Temporary relief of pain and discomfort from headache, fever, colds, flu,
minor muscular aches, overexertion, menstrual cramps, toothache, minor arthritic pain.
Mechanism of Action: Decrease fever inhibiting effects of pyrogens on the hypothalamus
heat regulating center and by a hypothalamic action leading to sweating and vasodilation.
Desired Effect: Relief of mild pain and reduction of fever
Contraindication: Previously hypersensitivity; Products containing alcohol, aspartame,
saccharine, sugar, or tarzarine.

Nursing considerations:
Asses patients fever or pain: type of pain, location, intensity, duration, temperature,
and diaphoresis
Asses allergic reactions: rash, urtica; if these occur, drug maybe have to be discontinued
Teach patient to recognized signs of chronic overdose: bleeding, bruising, malaise,
fever, sore throat.
Tell patient to notify prescriber for pain/fever lasting for more than 3 days
Generic Name: Hyoscine-N-butylbromide
Brand Name: Buscopan
Classification: Antispasmodics, muscle relaxant
Dosage: 10 mg tab
Route: PO
Frequency:
Indications: Spasm in the Genitourinary tract
Spasm in the Gastrointestinal tract
Spasm in the Biliary tract
Mechanism of Action: The mechanism of Buscopan is that it blocks the muscarinic
receptors found on the smooth muscle walls which means its blocks the action of
acetylcholine on the receptors found within the smooth muscle of gastrointestinal and
urinary tract and thus reduces the spasms and contractions. This the muscle and thus
reduced the painfrom the cramps and spasms.
Desired Effect:
Contraindication: Myasthenia gravis, megacolon, hypersensitivity to drug contents, narrow
angle glaucoma, prostate hypertrophy with urinary retention, mechanical stenosis in the GI
tract, tachycardia.

Nursing considerations:
Hyoscine may take a patient dizzy or cause vision problems; use caution engaging in
activities requiring alertness such as driving or using machinery
Instruct the client to avoid or minimize drinking alcoholic beverages
Caution is advised when using this drug in the elderly because they may be more
sensitive to the effects of the drug
Hyoscine should not be placed in refrigerator
Overdose may include: irregular heartbeat, reddened skin, drowsiness. Instruct the
patient to immediately alert the physician once these are noticed or experienced
Generic Name: Bacillus Clausii
Brand Name: Erceflora
Classification: Anti-diarrheals
Dosage: 2-3 vials of 2 billion/5 mL suspension
Route: PO
Frequency:
Indications: Acute diarrhea with duration of less than 14 days due to infection, drugs or
poisons. Chronic or persistent diarrhea with duration of greater than 14 days
Mechanism of Action: Contributes to the recovery of intestinal microbial flora altered
during the course of microbial disorders of diverse origin. Produces various vitamins,
particularly group b vitamins thus contributing to correction of vitamin disorders caused by
antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. It also promotes normalization of intestinal flora
Desired Effect:
Contraindication: Not for use in immune compromised patients (cancer patients on
chemotherapy, patients taking immune suppressant meds)

Nursing considerations:
Shake the drug well before administration
Monitor patients for any un usual effects from drug
Administer drug within 30 minutes after opening container
Dilute drug with sweetened milk, orange, juice or tea
Administer drug orally
Generic Name: Oral rehydration salt
Brand Name: Infalyte (u.s.a)/Lytren (Canada)
Classification: Electrolye replenisher
Dosage: 200 cc
Route: PO
Frequency:
Indications: For replacement of water and electrolyte loss associated with diarrhoea and
vomiting.
Mechanism of Action: Oral rehydration salts are given orally to prevent or treat
dehydration due to acute diarrhoea. Essential water and salts are lost in stools and vomitus,
and dehydration results when blood volume is decreased because of fluid loss from the
extracellular fluid compartment. Preservation of the facilitated glucose-sodium cotransport
system in the small-bowel mucosa is the rationale of oral rehydration therapy. Glucose is
actively absorbed in the normal intestine and carries sodium with it in about an equimolar
ration. Therefore, there is a greater net absorption of an isotonic salt solution with glucose
than one without it. Potassium replacement during acute diarrhoea prevents below-normal
serum concentrations of potassium, especially in children, in whom stool potassium losses
are higher than in adults. Bicarbonates are effective in correcting the metabolic acidosis
caused by diarrhoea and dehydration.
Desired Effect: To prevent fluid loss
Contraindication: Precise parenteral administration of water and electrolytes is
recommended in the following conditions and the use of oral rehydration should not be used
except under special circumstances: Anuria or oliguria, severe dehydration with symptoms
of shock, severe diarrhoea, inability to drink, severe and sustained vomiting.

Nursing considerations:
Drink plain water whenever thirsty between doses of solution
Do not drink fruit juices or eat foods containing added salt until the diarrhea has
stopped
Breast-fed infants should be given breast milk between doses of the solution
If your diarrhea does not improve in 1 or 2 days, or it becomes worse, check with
your doctor