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Yuan Yuan Jiang and Shao Xiang Zhou Yuan Yuan Jiang and Shao Xiang Zhou
Power Engineering Department , Power Engineering Department ,
North China Electric Power University , North China Electric Power University ,
Beijing , 102206, China Beijing , 102206, China
E-mail: jyy78622@ncepu.edu.cn E-mail: jyy78622@ncepu.edu.cn
AbstractIn this paper, three temperature degrees are divided through i heating surface (heating surfaces include water
in boiler according to the character of transfer and combustion cooled wall, super-heater, re-heater, economizer and so on )
in the boiler. At the same time, three units are divided on the
basis of temperature gradient. The energy and exergy analysis
kJ/kg
are on these basis. Energy and exergy efficiency are deduced mgi flow rate of flue gas in i heating surface, kg/s
according to the energy and exergy equations of three units as
shown in fig.1. In this study, we take the temperature of hot air
Ti actually exothermic average temperature from flue
at the air pre-heater for example. When the temperature gas to the working fluid in i heating surface, K
increases, the adiabatic flame temperature also increases, qi heat absorption of i heating surfacekJ/kg
resulting in the exergy loss of the first unit decreases. However,
with the increase of the adiabatic flame temperature, the exergy
mi flow rate of working fluid in I heating surfacekg/s
loss of the second and third units will increase if the exergy of the T i average endothermic temperature of cycle fluid in i
working fluid is invariable. General considerations, the total heating surface
exergy loss will be increased; exergy efficiency will be reduced.
ha enthalpy of air at the air pre-heater outletkJ/kg
Keywords- exergy analysis; boiler; temperature gradient m a flow rate of air at the air pre-heater outletkg/s
I. INTRODUCTION h g enthalpy of gas at the air pre-heater inletkJ/kg
At present, there are two traditional ways to analysis the mg flow rate of gas ate the air pre-heater inletkg/s
performance of the boiler system. One is by the exergy
balance across the boiler. The other is by calculating ea specific exergy of air at the air pre-heater outlet
separately the rate of entropy generation in each physical and kJ/kg
chemical process [1]. Two major exergy destructions due
irreversible combustion and heat transfer are analyzed in
eg specific exergy of air at the air pre-heater outlet,
traditional researches. The exergy loss of the combustion is kJ/kg
based on the adiabatic flame temperature. The exergy loss of I1 exergy loss of first unit, kJ/s
the heat transfer is calculated on the basis of two I2 exergy loss of second unit, kJ/s
temperatures: adiabatic flame temperature and average Qss1 heat loss of third unit (including heat loss due to
endothermic temperature of cycle fluid in the heating radiation and convection ,heat loss due to unburned gaseous
surfaces. Otherwise, for heat transfer, incomplete combustion, combustibles, heat loss due to unburned solid combustibles)
and dissociation all result in lower temperature than the kJ/s
adiabatic flame temperature. In our study, we added an Iss1 exergy loss of third unit (including exergy loss due
actually exothermic average temperature from flue gas to the to radiation and convection , exergy loss due to unburned
working fluid. Therefore, our study is based on the three gaseous combustibles, exergy loss due to unburned solid
temperatures: adiabatic flame temperature, actually combustibles, exergy loss of transfer heat),kJ/kg.
exothermic average temperature, and average endothermic Iss2 exergy loss of air pre-heaterkJ/s.
temperature of cycle fluid. Qss2 heat loss of air pre-heater, kJ/s,
Qss heat loss of total boiler, kJ/s.
Nomenclature
mcwflow rate of flue gas at the condition of adiabatic II. THE DERIVATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF BOILER
flame temperaturekg/s The heat exchange in the furnace is extremely complex.
cpspecific heat capacity of flue gaskJ/kgk Up to now, there have appeared quite a few methods for
T0ambient temperaturek calculating the heat transferred in the furnace [5].
Tadadiabatic flame temperature, k; In this paper, according to the character of transfer and
combustion in the furnace, three temperature degrees are
q i divided in furnace. The first temperature is adiabatic flame
heat in flue gases is transferred to the working fluid
qF0 , L Bs
C. The energy and exergy balance of third unit n n
T0 qi mi Si
This unit can be divided into two parts: flue gas transfer T0
= b i =1 i =1
= b (1 ) (12)
heat to water and air [3]. n
T
q 0
F ,L Bs qi mi
i =1
B Example analysis
Where Si the entropy change of working fluid in I According to the up analysis, the energy conversion of
heating surface. kJ/kgk the boiler was divided into three units. In this way, the exergy
n
loss of boiler was divided into three units.
q m i i
1) Exergy flow diagram
T= i =1
n
average endothermic temperature of cycle In this case, the adiabatic combustion temperature is
S
i =1
i
2184.4K.
The heating surface of this boiler is including: furnace,
fluid in the boiler heating surface, k. front platen super-heater, rear plate super-heater, convection
super-heater, high-temperature re-heater, the first shift room,
b exb thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of the second shift room, outlet pipe, the third shift room, cold
boiler. re-heater, bypass economizer, boiler economizer, air-heaters.
III. A SAMPLE APPLICATION
A. site description[6]
Specific data was given by heat calculative analysis of
reheat pulverized coal fired boiler. The rated steam output of
this boiler is 400t/h. Outlet steam pressure is 15.6MPa. Outlet
steam temperature is 540. Feedwater temperature is 235.
T i Ti
Fig.2. Variation of exergy loss (of first unit and other units)at
different temperatures of hot air at air pre-heater outlet.
IV. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES