Sept. 6, 1949- A.

SCHWARZ 2,480,9 73
SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April as, 1945 9 Sheets-Sheet l

1 i111 IIVHIULH
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_ Sept. 6, 1949. A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973
SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS
Filed April as, 1945 _ 9 Sheets-Sheet 2

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Sept. 6, 1949. A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973
SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS
Filed April 28, 1945 9 Sheets-Sheet 5

IN VEN TOR.

BY
j?glhso/As'czazzif
Sept. 6, 1949. A. scHwARz 2,430,973
SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS
Filed April 28, 1945 9 Sheets-Sheet 4

INVENTOR.
?rr'edschmy
Sept. 6, 1949. A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973v
SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGK MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS
Filed April 28, 1945 9- Slieets-Sheet 5
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INVENTOR.
Wee/Mar)?
Sept; 6, '1949- A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973
SHUTTER. AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS
Filed April 28, 1945 . 9 Sheets-Sheet 6

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INVENTOR.
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BY
SePt- 6, 1949- A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973
SHUTTEREAND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS
Filed April 28, 1945 '
9 Sheets-Sheet 7

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INVEDIEVTOR.
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Sept. 6, 1949.. , A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973 "
snu'rrsn AND nurnxmu MECHANISM FOR cmmus
Filed April 28, 1945
9 Sheets-Sheet 8
Sept. 6, 1949. A. SCHWARZ 2,480,973
SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April 28, 19-45 9 Sheets-Sheet 9

I
listened Sept. 6, 1949 2,480,973

umreo STATES PATENT OFFICE

SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM. .
FOR CAMERAS
Alfred Schwarz, Rochester, N. Y.,assignor to Ilex
Optical Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corpora
tion of New York
Application April 28, 1945, Serial No..590,770
15 Claims. (Cl. 954-64)
1
This invention relates to shutter and di A'iurther object is to provide such a mech
aphragm mechanisms for cameras of the variety anism in which the diaphragm, after being fully
adapted to be adjusted for holding both the shut opened, may be reset by merely moving the di
ter and diaphragm open, as desirable, for exam~ aphragm operating means to its limit of move
pie, in the focusing of the camera. rIhe ordinary ment without reference to any indicating scale.
camera may be arranged for focusing by setting Still a further object is to provide such a mech
the shutter for time operation and opening the anism 'in which the shutter mechanism and any
diaphragm by the means employed for adjust connected synchronizer mechanism is disabled
ing the aperture, which, however, involves a mul while thediaphragm leaves are open for focus
tiplicity of manipulations and setting and reset 10 ing.
ting adjustments, some of which are apt to be To these and other ends the invention resides
forgotten with resulting failure in exposure. It in certain improvements and combinations of
has been proposed to partially remedy these dif parts, 'allv'as will be hereinafter more fully de
?culties by providing special constructions for scribed, the novel features being pointed out in
holding the shutter blades open, but these con the claims at'the end of the speci?cation.
structions have continued to require a number " In the'drawings:
of operations, some of which may be forgotten, , Fig. 1 is a front elevation, partly broken away,
.and which are di?icult to accomplish with the 'of shutter and diaphragm mechanism embodying
?ngers of one hand while steadying the camera the present invention and shown with the parts
with the other. Some of these constructions, fur- . 20' in' initial and unset position with the shutter and
thermore, have involved temporary detachment diaphragm closed; ' ' '

of normally connected shutter parts which tends Fig. 21s; a front elevation of the master mem
to cause derangement and injury of the parts. detached;
One object of the invention, therefore,- is to Fig. 3 is an edge view of the same;
provide an improved mechanism for opening the 25 Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the release mem
shutter of a more simple, practical and conven ber or trigger, detached;
ient character, requiring a minimum of manipu , Fig. .5 is a side elevation of the same;
lations adapted to be readily accomplishedrby Fig. 6 is'a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing
the ?ngers of one hand, independently of oper "themastermember moved to set position;
ation of the normal trigger release means and 30 Fig. '7 is a detail view of locking member parts
without disturbing the setting of the shutter for shown in Fig. 6;
a predetermined exposure period. Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the line 8a-8a in
Another object is to provide an improved shut Fig. '7;
ter mechanism in which, after the setting of the Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a latch member
master member, the blades may be opened and. shown in Fig. 6;
closed again by merely moving the master mem Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing
ber to set position as in the normal operation of the shutter and diaphragm fully open as desired
the shutter, so as to require a minimum of ma in focusing the camera;
nipulation and likelihood of error. Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing
Another object is to provide an improved shut 40 a modi?ed construction with the parts in initial
ter in which the opening of the blades is accom and unset position;
plished through the use of the normal shutter Fig. 12 is a detail of parts shown in Fig. 11, but
connections and without requiring their detach with the shutter open;
ment, so as to avoid the likelihood of derangement Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the diphragm
and injury of the parts. 45 mechanism in closed position, the shutter mech
Another object of the invention is to provide anism being detached;
a combined shutter and diaphragm mechanism in Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail of parts shown in
an interlocking arrangement and construction Fig. 13, but with the parts in course of movement
adapted to prevent opening of the diaphragm to open the diaphragm;
without opening of the shutter and to prevent 50 .. f Fig. '15 is a view similar to Fig. 13, but showing
operation of the shutter without restoring the di the diaphragm in open position;
aphragm to the desired exposure aperture and Fig. 16 is an enlargement of parts shown in Fig.
also closing the shutter, so as to provide a mech 15 and in the same'position;
anism which is simple and practically fool-proof Fig. 17 is an enlarged, sectional elevation on the
in, operation. - a _ . 1ine,l'|al'|a in Fig. 16;

3 4
Fig. 18 is an enlarged, sectional elevation on
the line IBa-l?a in Fig. 16;
Fig. 19 is an elevation of plate means for ad
justing the diaphragm aperture;
Fig. 20 is an elevation of plate means for open
ing the diaphragm;
Fig. 21 is an elevation of ring: means forming
part of the mechanism for opening the diaphragm
and shutter;
Fig. 22 is an elevation of ring means forming . .
part of the mechanism for..adjustingjg.the.dia
phragm aperture; ' .
Fig. 23 is a front elevation of. some. of the .dia
phragm parts detached from thecasing;
Fig. 24 is an elevation of the parts as seen from g
the right in Fig. 23;
Fig. 25 is a front elevation ~oflthe idiaphrag-m -.i?ange-52 of plate 39, the other or pivoted end of
leaves associated with the plate shown in-Fig. 20;
Fig. 26 is a view similar to Fig. 23, but showing
the, diaphragm leaves adjusted orv closed to ade- _
.sired'ex'posure aperture;
Fig. 27 is a similar view,fb,ut showing the dia
phragm fully open;
Fig. 28 is a rear elevation of "thediaphragm
mechanism;
Fig. 29 is an enlarged section. on the line 29a
?23a in Fig. 28, and
Fig. 30 is a front elevation of the provisions'for
thediaphragm mechanism on the casing rear
wall.
'The- invention is embodied inthe present in
stance in association with camera shutter and
diaphragmmechanism oi the between-the-lens
type, the 'shuttercomprising a motor or master
member adapted to be set to positionto tension "
spring actuating means for opening and'closing
the shutter blades on release by a release member
or trigger.
Referring more particularly to'the drawings,
the present embodiment preferably comprises an
annular shutter casing having a cylindrical .wall
35" (Figs. 1 and 17) and a rear walli36 with a
a flange 3? for supporting vrearlens'meansover
an exposure opening 38. "The front of the casing
is closed by cover means (not shown) attached 45' 10 oi-the-pawl so as to .turnthe'pa'wl clockwise
to the front end of the cylindricalwall 35, as well on its pivot against a- stoplug 12 on the lever 63,
understood in the art. An annularpartition or
mechanism vplate 39 (Fig; 1) is mounted within
the cylindrical wall 35, preferably againstthe
inner surface 40 (Fig. 17) of the rear Wall 36,the' 50 13~and with a shoulder -?4 extending transversely
shutter mechanism being. mainly mounted. on
plate 39. Fixed to the rear face ofplate'39.is an
annular plate 45 from which are struckup'for
wardly a number of lugs 42. ' Supported for-oscil
provided
lation onwith
thesepins
lugs
44 is(Fig.
a shutter'blade'
,6) rotatably engaged
ring43
in openings in a pluralityofjshutter" blades 45,
respectively, each blade being pivotally connected
by a pin and slot as at 46 with thercasing, so that
oscillation of the blade ringj serves tov open .and'
2,480,973
meshing with a pinion 55 ?xed on a wrist plate
56 rotatably mounted at 5! on the plate 39. Plate
56 is pivotally connected at 58 with one end of a
link 59 having a lug 50 against which bears one
end of a spring 6E coiled about a post 82 on the
plate as with its other end bearing against a post
63 on the, plate. Link 59 is formed :with a rec
tangular notch 64 for engagement with lug 47 of
the blade ring in the position to which the link
is moved by the setting of the master member as
,1n'F1g. 6. A spring 65 coiled about the post 63
. beam at one end against the casing ?ange 35
and at the other against lug 41 so as to normally
vrotate the blade. ring clockwise to close the blades.
In the initial position of the master lever, as
shown in Fig. l, the free end of link 59 rides on
.the. linkbeing in its outward position and tilting
the link to cause its recess 64 to pass over lug 47
without engagement during movement .of the
"link'tovrard the left. Setting depression of the
master lever handle 50 swings wrist platete .to
move the link idly toward the left, as its pivot 58
1S swung from its outer position shown in Fig. 1
to the inner position shown in Fig.6. The mas
ter lever is releasably locked in this set position
by means hereafter described and in this position
the blade ring lug 41 is engaged in the notch 54
'of the link. On release of the master leverand
outward movement of'the pivotv 58, vthe link 53
71s ?rst moved toward the left to move the blade
~ring counterclockwise and open the blades and,
as the pivot 58 passes dead center,v is moved to~
vward the right to move the blade ring clockwise
and close theblades, assisted by the blade ring
spring v55, thus returning the parts to the position
shown in Fig. l. "'
'-The- master lever is lockedinset position by
>means of an irregularly shaped locking lever .65
'(Figs. 1, 6 and 7) pivoted at 61 on platese. Piv
~~oted onv the locking lever at 58 is a pawl 65 having
-a lug l8, and a spring "H, coiled about the pivotal
support of "the locking lever, bears at. one ,.end
against the casing and at the otherv against lug
this arrangement servingalso to turn the locking
leverfE? in a counter-clockwise direction. Lever
E3 is formed with a radially extending shoulder
thereto, both for cooperation with a rearwardly
extending lug E5 on the master lever. As the
master lever is set from the position shown in
'Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig.v 6; its lugzh rides
55 up the shoulder 13 ,of-thelocking lever until it
reaches shoulder 74 of the lever which is then
vturned counterclockwise by its spring to engage
under and hold the master lever in set position
until released by one of the-means hereafter
described. ' ' V

close the shutter blades. The blade ring has a ' The locking lever '56 is normally released by
111g 47 projecting forwardly through an opening the releasing member or trigger, an irregularly
in the plate 353 for actuation of the blade ring by shaped plate or leverfl'e pivoted at ll on plate 353
the master member, which will now be described. and having a manuallyoperated" handle 78; ex
The master member is preferably in the form of tending outwardly through an opening -, in the
a lever 48 (Figs. 1 and 2) pivoted at 49 on'the casing. Release lever i 6 has an arm i9 arranged
plate 39 and having a handle or ?ngerpiecei? during anti-clockwise rotation to engage the
projecting through an opening in thecasing wall heel 850i the locking lever to turnit clockwise
.35. A spring 5| is coiled 'about'this pivot of the so as 'to- withdraw shoulder 71! from beneath the
lever with one end resting against an inner circu- *lug 7570f the master lever and release the-master
lar ?ange 52 of the plate139_ and theiother .end .lever for rotation counter-clockwise by-its spring
against a lug 53 onthe lever, so as to normally to open-and-close>the-shutter blades as described.
turn the lever in a counter-clockwise direction. j'rlrigger It has a lug 8! engaged bybneend of a
The end of the lever adjacent its handle1~50 is springilZ coiledabout the~pivotsupport ofiithe
formed with a circular toothed part or rack 54, 75 trigger and having its other end bearing against
 2,480,978
v5 these parts in latching engagement with each
the casing to turn the trigger in a clockwise direc
tion and restore it to initial position. other.
Means are provided for locking the releasing To again restore the blades preparatory to
lever or trigger in its initial or inactive position making an exposure, ?nger piece 50 of the master
except when the master lever ismoved to set lever is depressed to reset it and such resetting
position, for the purpose of preventing operation movement releases the latching lever 85 for re
of the trigger in certain positions of the mech turn to inactive position and releases the locking
anism. To this end, the pawl 69 on the locking lever 86 for actuation by its spring to latch the
lever has at its free end a lug 83 positioned for master lever in set position, with the trigger 18
engagement, in one position of the locking lever, 10 released ready for operation to make an ex
with a radial shoulder 84 on the releasing lever posure.
16. In the unset position of the master lever With the master lever in set position, prepara
shown in Fig. 1, the locking lever is held turned tory to making an exposure, such opening of the
in a clockwise direction by engagement of the shutter blades in preparation for focusing may
lug 15 of the master lever with the radial shoulder 15 be readily accomplished by the index ?nger of
13 of the locking lever and in this position of the the right hand by merely depressing the ?nger
locking lever the lug 83 of its pawl 99 is raised piece 88 of the latch lever. After focusing, the
into the path of the shoulder 84 of the releasing blades are closed with the same ?nger by de
lever so as to lock it against actuating move pressing the ?nger piece 59 to reset the master
ment. In the set position of the master lever, 20 lever. The camera may thus be steadied with
however, its lug I5 releases shoulder 13 of the one hand and prepared for focusing with the
locking lever, permitting the latter to move other by the two simple steps of ?rst depressing
counter-clockwise so that the lug 83 of its pawl the latch lever 85 and then depressing the master
is below the path of movement of shoulder 84 of lever handle 59 to reset it, with a minimum of
the trigger, thus releasing the trigger for move~ 25 manipulations and leaving the operating hand
ment to trip the locking lever 66 and release the free without having to manually hold any operat
master lever for opening and closing the shutter ing part or lever in position. It will be noted also
blades. that this operation is accomplished by a rela
In the common type of shutter construction, tively simple mechanism composed of but a few
the shutter may be set for time operation and 30 parts of practical construction and that such op
the blades opened for focusing and subsequently eration employs the regular connections between
closed again by actuations of the releasing lever the shutter parts in their regular and automatic
or trigger, but I have found that such focusing opening action, without any detachment or dis
opening of the blades may be accomplished in a connection of such parts likely to result in their
much more simple, practical and convenient man derangement or injury. After opening the blades
ner and with less likelihood of error. For this and focusing the camera, no special operation
purpose, the invention comprises an auxiliary is required to close the blades but only the re
releasing means or latching lever 85 (Figs. 1 and setting of the master lever in the normal and
9), pivoted on the same post support as the look usual procedure for taking a picture, thus re
ing lever for cooperation with the latter and 40 ducing the likelihood of error. Such simpli?ca
with the master lever. Latching lever 85 has a tion of the construction and operation is of added
lug 86 against which bears one end of a spring importance where the shutter parts are com
81 coiled about the pivotal support and having bined with synchronizer mechanism, to avoid
its other end bearing against the casing to turn the spoiling of exposures and wastage of lamp
the lever in a counter-clockwise direction and .45 bulbs, as hereafter referred to.
project a lug or ?nger piece thereof 88 through The invention further comprises the combina
an opening in the casing. Latch lever 85 has a tion with such shutter mechanism of an improved
rearwardly turned lug 89 positioned for engage diaphragm mechanism located adjacent the
ment with an arm 90 of the locking lever 68 shutter blades on the back wall of the casing.
for tripping the locking lever. Projecting for For this purpose the back wall 39 is formed with
wardly from the latching lever is a lug 9| in posi a circular recess 93 having a rear wall 9:; (Figs.
tion to engage a radial shoulder 92 on the master 13 and 1'7). Mounted for oscillation in the recess
lever 48 and hold it in partially actuated posi against its rear wall 94 is an annular plate 95
tion after it has moved to open the shutter blades forming part of the means for opening the dia
but before completing its movement to close phragm for focusing and hereafter referred to as
them. an actuating means or plate. Oscillating in re
It will be seen from this construction that with cess 93 and spaced in front of actuating plate
the master lever locked in set position by the 95, is an annular plate 96 forming part of the
locking lever 68 (Fig. 6), the arm 90 of the look means for adjusting the diaphragm to open posi
ing lever is raised adjacent lug 89 of the latch 60 t1on in preparation for focusing and hereafter
lever 85 and lug 9| of the latch lever is spaced also referred to as an actuating means or plate.
from shoulder 92 of the master lever. In such Plates 95 and 96 are retained in position by the
position of the parts, ?nger piece 88 may be de cylindrical wall of the recess and each plate is
pressed manually, or by means hereafter de pivotally connected with a plurality of elongated
scribed, to turn the latch lever clockwise, with 65 diaphragm leaves 91 located in the space between
the result that it trips the locking lever 66 and the plates. Each of the leaves is formed at one
shortly thereafter relatches the master lever by end with a ?anged trunnion or pivot 98 for piv
interposing its lug 9| in the path of movement of otal engagement in one of a plurality of radial
shoulder 92 of the master lever. These parts are
so proportioned and arranged that the master 70 slots 99 formed in the actuating plate 95. Each
lever is relatched on full opening of the blades, of the leaves is provided at its other end with
so that the blades are held in fully opened posi a similar ?anged pivot 100 which is pivotally
tion. The engaging faces of the latch lever lug engaged in one of a plurality of openings 19! in
9| and the master lever shoulder 92 are prefer actuating plate 96, so that either of the plates
ablyso inclined or undercut as to releasably hold 75 95 or 98 may be oscillated to open or close the
 a;
17
diaphragm with the leaves pivoting oer-the other The areal-mom may thus befully opened as re
plate. quired in focusing -_a camera, independently of
The :rear wall 3610]? the casing is formed .di the exposure or aperture" setting, but means are
ametrically with .arcuate slots 102 (Fig. :30) and preferably provided to limit the opening move
actuating plate 95 has peripherallugs Hi3 ex mentor the ring M6 to prevent it from engag
tending radially in the .slots 1.02 (Figs. 13 and 17). ing' and movingthe ring I I8, such means prefer
Each of these lugs carries a short stud Jim on ably comprising .a dog I25 (Figs. 14 and 1'7) piv
which is mounted and retained, as by means of otally mounted {on the extended forward end of
a screw vi 95, a ring I86 hereafter referred .to .as an the stud I'M of the plate '95.. The dog has a head
wardly
actuatingextending
memberlugsor ring.
In! formed
This with
ring openings
has 10 portion 126 adapted for engagement in one of
a series of notches I21 formed on the inner :pe
I98 for attachment to the studs H14 in slots 1.02, riphery of a ring I28 secured by screws I29 in .a
respectively, and diametrically opposite inner recess in the rear wall 35 of the casing about
peripheral portions I09 ofthe ring have zosctle the diaphragm mechanism. The dog I25 has a
lating bearings on a circular rear shoulder 1 II] of tail I30 adapted for sliding engagement with the
the casing wall 36 v(Fig. '29-), for oscillation with periphery-of the plate .95. A spring l3I coiled
the actuating plate 95. Ring 106 has a quadrant about the pivot of the dog bears at one end
extension III (Figs. 17 and 21) formed at its :pe againsta lug I32zon the tail of the dog and at the
riphery with a flange H2 extending forwardly other 'endviagainst an ear I33 on the adjacentlug
over the cylindrical wall .35 of the casing, for :a
purpose hereafter described, one end of the
20 I03 of the plate '95. The periphery of the vplate
96 is v-formedadjacent its stud H6 with a notch
?ange H2 being turned upwardly as at H3, to r313 into which the :tail of the dog is adapted to
serve as a ?nger piece for oscillating the actuate
drop under actuation by its spring, thereby rais
ing ring I516 and thereby oscillating the actuate ing the 'head portion I26 of the dog into dogging
ing plate .95 for opening and closing the di 25 engagement with one of the notches I21 of .rack
aphragm blades in connection with a focusing Tad I28 andstopping and locking plate 95 before con
justment of vthe camera. tact of its lug I33 with thestud MB of the plate
Theactu'ating plate 9.5 isi'similarly formed with 96. Such means thus prevents excessive move
peripheral lugs 1M (Fig. 19) extending radially mentor the plate 95 far enough to engage and
in the slots I02 (Figs. 13 and 18), respectively, disturb the setting of the .plate 96 to whatever
each lug being formed with an opening .1 I55 in position it may have been adjusted.
which is mounted a stud H'S carrying a screw H 7!. The quadrant :?ange .l 1.2 of ring N16 is provided
Mounted on screws H1 is a ring I vI8, hereafter {for automatic coaction with the above described
also referred to as an actuating member or ring,shutter mechanism. In the preferred embodiment,
which has inwardly extending lugs H19 formed 35 the-finger .piece'ea of the'latch lever 85 ,is formed
with openings I20 for receiving the screws H1. with aninclined orv cam face 135 (Fig. v1) , normally
Ring H8 {has opposite, arcu'ate; inner peripheral lying thelpath of movement of the leadingedge
portions
the casing
8a,shoulder
which support
I I9, and
it for oscillation
a radially or the quadrant flange. With the master lever
in set position, the clockwise movement of the
projecting arm I25, the outer end of which is v40 ?ange I (I 2 , tog-open the diaphragm, brings its lead
turned forwardly over the cylindrical :wall '35 of ing edge into engagement with the cam .face .135
the casing and pointed, as fat i122. to serve as an of the latching lever, therebydepressingthe vlever
indicator. 7 Ring :i it has also a diametrically (op to partially trip the :master lever as described and
posite arm I23 extended forwardly across the open the shutter blades. If the ?nger piece .188
cylindrical wall 35 of the casing with its end 45 or the latch ilevier is manually depressed to open
turned radially inwardly over the cover plate the shutter, then-flange .I I2 moves over it to open
and pointed, as at 5213, to serve vas an indicator, the diaphragm also, and the construction .thus
the indicating pointers VI 22 and 1-29! being adapted permits or independent opening .of the shutter,
for cooperation with indicating sc les r (not if sad'esired. :In eithercase, thediaphragmcanw
shown) marked on the casing 1as may :be round 60 not be opened by ?nger piece H3 of :?ange H72
convenient. The poi-nter'arms I21 and ll'l23's'ei've unless the shutter is also latched opened. On
as operating means for oscillating ring "I I8 and opening the diaphragm, its flange 1.12 holds the
its associated plate 95 for opening and 'lbs'ing ?nger piece ~88 {of the latch lever depressed as
the diaphragm leaves to obtain 1a (desired ex long as ithe?iaphragmis open, so that the master
posure aperture. 55 lever cannot be latched in set position, and :the
It will be apparent lfrorn the above described user of the camera is thus warned after a focus
construction that the vactuating ring H8 may be ling adjustment, that the diaphragm must 'be
26
rotated
and 27
to for
someadjusting
such position
the :-1eaves
as showni'n
to a desired closed before proceeding to make an exposure.
On return of the change I12, and its .l?nger piece
aperture, ring I66 being positioned :b'ycountere 80 113, countereelocirwise to initial position, the
clockwise 'movemen'tfto its normal or inactive diaphragm is restored to any preeadjusted aper
position. With the leaves thus adjusted tea ole; ture. The trigger remains locked against opera
sired-exposure aperture, ring I-s'i? may be rotated tion, however, as .an indication that the master
clockwise by means or its i?nger piece 413 to fully lever must be reset. rIfhe photographer is thus
open the'lea'ves, as desirable rocasing-acamera, forced to set the master lever, thereby releasing
the ?nger piece He being thus moved adjacent the latching lever 85, closing the shutter blades
the arm 132i of the ring ISIS, as :showfn {in-Fig. "257; also and releasing the trigger for operation ,in
After focusing adjustment of the camera "to accordance .with the usual procedure for making
anexposure.
which the diaphragm is applied, ?nger piece "I13 it
{themodi?edembodiment shown in Fig. l;=l,
may be moved countere'clockwise from the posi the latchihgiever 1-36 has-ta ?nger piece 15'! which,
tlon show-n in Fig. 2*? to the position shown in instead of vbeing1cain-sliiaped for actuation by the
Fig. '26, thereby restoring the diaphragm to the diaphragm operating flange L12, has a rearwardly
selected aperture previously obtained by fadju'ste inclinedamhoolreshaped edgel~38 adapted to vblock
mg arm-I21. - the movement-.of-the ?ange .112 and thus prevent
 2,480,973
10
full opening of the diaphragm to allow focusing thereby in either case locking the trigger against
adjustment of the camera until after the opening actuation and preventing inadvertent operation of
of the shutter for the same purpose. The shutter the synchronizer until after the diaphragm has
may be opened by either depressing the ?nger been closed to its preselected aperture, the shutter
piece I31 of the latch lever, or the latter may be blades closed and the master lever reset ready for
provided with a plunger I39 sliding in a bearing an exposure, The construction and operation of
I40 in the casing for engagement at its inner end the parts are thus so coordinated as to reduce
with the latch lever to depress it and open the to a minimum the likelihood of error in the order
shutter blades. The diaphragm ?ange II2 may of operation of the parts in focusing and thereby
then be moved to fully open the diaphragm and prevent in e?ective exposures or operations of the
serves as before to prevent operation of the master synchronizer, and avoid wastage of ?lm and syn
lever or the trigger until the diaphragm has been chronizer bulbs.
closed to its desired aperture setting. In both The operation of the mechanism has been de
of the above modi?cations, therefore, it is nec scribed in connection with its construction and it
essary, after focusing adjustment of the camera will be seen that the invention accomplishes its
to restore the diaphragm to its closed position or objects. While it has been herein disclosed by
to its predetermined aperture setting and to reset reference to details of a preferred embodiment,
the master lever, thus closing the shutter blades it is to be understood that such disclosure is
before the trigger can be released for operation, intended in an illustrative, rather than a limiting
so that the mechanism is rendered substantially ; sense, as it is contemplated that various modi?
fool-proof in operation. cations in the construction and arrangement of
The above features are particularly advanta the parts will readily occur to those skilled in the
geous in a construction comprising a built-in syn art, within the spirit of the invention and the
chronizer mechanism, actuated by the usual shut scope of the appended claims.
ter release member or trigger, such as disclosed I I claim:
in my Letters Patent Nos. 2,355,825, dated Aug. 1. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of
15, 1944, and 2,358,941, dated September 26, 1944. shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves,
As fully disclosed in said patents, such a syn operating means for opening and closing said
chronizer mechanism comprises a pair of disks blades for e?ecting a camera exposure independ
MI and I42, rotated about a pivot I42a on the 30 ently of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means
casing and provided with coacting electrical con for opening said blades during focusing adjust
tacts (not shown). Disk MI is manually ad ment of the camera, actuating means separate
justed to position, relative to disk I42, to deter from said operating means for opening and clos~
mine the time of engagement of their respective ing said leaves, and retaining means connected
contacts for closing the synchronizer circuit. 35 with said actuating means and movable thereby
Disk I42, by means of its handle I42b, is moved to position for engaging and retaining said aux
from the initial position shown in Fig. 11 to posi iliary means in position for opening said shutter
tion to tension an actuating spring I43, as shown blades while said actuating means is in position
in Figs. 6 and 10, in which position the disk is for opening said diaphragm leaves.
latched by the engagement of a 111g I44 thereon 2. The combination with a camera shutter
with a shoulder I45 on a latching lever I45 pivoted mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter
at I41 on the casing and actuated by a spring I48. blades, operating means for opening and closing
The other end of lever I46 lies in the path of a said blades to eifect a camera exposure and aux
- tail I49 on trigger 18, so that actuation of the iliary means for opening and closing said blades
trigger moves latching lever I46 clockwise to re to permit focusing adjustment of said camera,
lease disk I42 for rotation back to initial position. 'of a diaphragm mechanism comprising a plurality
During such return of the disk I42, a pin I50 of diaphragm leaves, actuating means separate
therein strikes a diamond-shaped lever I5I piv from said operating means for manually opening
oted on the support I41, as best shown in Fig. 1. and closing said leaves independently of move
vLever I5I is moved counter-clockwise by a spring ment of said blades, and retaining means con
I52 bearing against a lug I53 on the lever. The nected with said actuating means for movement
other end of the spring bears against a lug I54 thereby to position for engaging and retaining
on a lever I55 pivoted about the support I41. A said auxiliary shutter means in position for open
second spring I55 is wound about the support I41 ing said shutter blades while said actuating means
and bears against the lug I54 to also serve in turn- . is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves.
ing lever I55 in a clockwise dirction so that its 3. The combination with a camera shutter
free end I51 normally rests on the inner ?ange mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter
52 of the casing. Locking lever 66 has an elon blades, a spring actuated master member adapted
gated tail portion I58 lying in the path of move to be set to position for opening and closing said
ment of the end I51 of lever I55 when the locking Iii) blades under actuation by said spring, a locking
lever 55 is moved to locking position by the set member for locking said master member in set
ting of the master lever. position and latch means for tripping said look
With the master lever in set position so as to ing member and latching said master member
unlock the trigger and with the synchronizer lever in partially actuated position with said shutter
moved to set position, actuation of the trigger ' blades open, of a diaphragm mechanism compris
causes its tail I49 to trip latch lever I46, releasing ing a plurality of diaphragm leaves, actuating
the synchronizer disk I42 which, by its pin I50, means for opening and closing said leaves to
swings lever I5I counter-clockwise. Lever I5I, permit focusing adjustment of said camera, and
striking lug I54, swings lever I55 counter-clock retaining means connected with said actuating
wise so that its end I51 strikes tail I58 and trips means for movement thereby to position for en
the locking lever to open and close the shutter. gaging and. retaining said latch means in position
It will be evident from this construction that to latch said master member and retain said shut
in focusing the camera, it is necessary to ?rst ter blades in open position while said actuating
set the master lever and open the shutter blades means is in position for opening said diaphragm
manually or by'the opening of the diaphragm, 75 leaves.
 2,480,973
11 12
'ZLJ'Ihe combination with a camera shutter tion of said release member to permit focusing
mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter adjustment of said camera, of diaphragm mecha
blades, a spring actuated master member adapted nism comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves,
to be set to position for opening and closing said a? actuating means movably connected with each
blades under actuation by said'sprin'g, a locking of leaves adjacent one end thereof, a second
member for locking said master member in set actuating means movably connected With each
position, a release member for tripping said lock of said leaves adjacent the other end thereof,
ling member for opening and closing said blades each of said actuating means being movable to
to effect a camera exposure, and auxiliary latch open and close said leaves, and retaining means
means for tripping said locking member and connected with one of said actuating means for
latching said master member in partially actuated engaging and retaining said auxiliary means in
position with said blades open, of diaphragm position for opening said shutter blades while
mechanism comprising a plurality of diaphragm said connected actuating means is in position for
leaves, actuating means for opening and closing opening said diaphragm leaves.
said leaves to permit focusing adjustment of said 15 8. The combination with a camera shutter
camera, and'retaining means connected with said mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter
actuating means and movable thereby to posi blades, operating means provided with a release
tion for engaging and retaining said latch means member for opening and closing said blades to
inposition for opening said shutter blades while eiiect a camera exposure and auxiliary means for
i said actuating means is in position for opening 20 opening said blades independently of operation
said diaphragm leaves. of said release member, of diaphragm mechanism
5. The combination with a camera shutter comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, an
mechanism comprising a plurality of blades, a actuating means movably connected with each
spring actuated master member adapted to be of said leaves adjacent one end thereof and
set to position for opening and closing said blades movable toadj'ust said leaves to a desired exposure
under actuation by said spring, a locking member aperture, a second actuating means movably
for locking said master member in set position, connected with each of said leaves adjacent the
actuating means connecting said master member other end thereof and movable to open and
and blades for opening and closing said blades on 'closesaid leaves to permit focusing adjustment
release of said master member by said locking 30 of said camera, and retaining means connected
member, a trigger for tripping said locking mem with said second actuating means for engaging
ber to release said master member, a spring actu and retaining said auxiliary means in position
atedlatch member provided with means for trip for opening said shutter blades while said second
jping said locking member and latching said actuating means is in position for opening said
master member in partially actuated position diaphragm leaves.
with said blades open to permit focusing adjust 9. II'he combination with a camera shutter
ment of said camera, said master member being mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter
manually movable from said partially actuated blades, operating means provided with a release
position to reset the same and release said latch member for opening and closing said blades to
ing member and said actuating means being op effect a camera exposure and auxiliary means
erable to close said blades during said resetting for opening said blades independently of opera
of said master member, of diaphragm mechanism tion of said release member, of diaphragm mecha
comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, op ni'sm comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves,
erating means for opening and closing said leaves
to permit focusing adjustment of said camera, an actuating means movably connected to each of
said leaves adjacent one end thereof and movable
and retaining means connected with said operat to adjust said leaves to a desired exposure aper
ing means for movement thereby to position for ture, a second actuating means movably con
engaging and retaining said latch member in po nected with each of said leaves adjacent the
sition to hold said shutter blades open while said other end thereof and movable manually to
operating means is in position for opening said open and close said leaves to permit focusing
diaphragm leaves.
adjustment of said camera, said second actuating
'6. The combination with a camera shutter means being provided with retaining means for
,mechanis'm comprising a plurality of shutter
for engaging and retaining said auxiliary means
blades, operating means provided with a release in position for opening said shutter blades while
"member for opening and closing said blades to said second actuating means is in position for
'e?ect a camera exposure, and auxiliary means for opening said diaphragm leaves.
opening said'blades independently of operation of
10. The combination with a camera shutter
said're'lease member, of a diaphragm mechanism mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter
comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, and blades, operating means provided with a release
actuating means for opening and closing said member for opening and closing said blades to
leaves to permit focusing adjustment of said
e?fect a camera exposure and auxiliary means for
camera, said auxiliary means and actuating locking said release member against movement
means having parts each lying in the path of and for opening said blades and retaining them
movement of the other for obstructing the move in open position during focusing adjustment of
ment of said actuating means while said auxiliary said camera, of diaphragm mechanism compris
means is in inactive position and for obstructing ing a plurality of diaphragm leaves, actuating
the movement of said auxiliary means while said means movably connected with each of said leaves
actuating means is in active position with said adjacent one end thereof and movable to adjust
leaves open,
said leaves to a desired exposure aperture, a
7. The, combination with a camera shutter second actuating means movably connected with
mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter each of said leaves adjacent the other end there
blades. operating means provided with a release
of and movable manually in opposite directions
member for opening and closing said blades to for opening and closing said leaves to permit
e?ect a camera exposure and auxiliary means focusing adjustment of said camera, and retain
for opening said blades independently of opera 75 ing means connected with said second actuat
 2,480,973
14
ing means for engaging and retaining said auxil position during focusing adjustment of the cam
iary means in position for locking said release era. independently of movement of said leaves,
member and opening said shutter blades while adjustable means for adjusting said leaves to ob
said second actuating means is in position for tain a desired exposure aperture, actuating means
opening said diaphragm leaves. separate from said operating means for opening
11. The combination with a camera shutter and closing said leaves and retaining them in
mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter open position during focusing of the camera in
blades, a spring actuated master member mova dependently of said adjustable means, and re
ble to set position for actuation by said spring taining means connected with said actuating
for opening and closing said blades to effect a 10 means and movable thereby for engaging and re
camera exposure, a locking member for releasa taining said auxiliary means in position for open
bly locking said master member in set position, ing said shutter blades while said actuating means
a release member for tripping said locking mem is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves.
ber, and auxiliary means for tripping said lock 14. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of
ing member and releasing said master member 15 shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves,
for opening said blades and retaining them in operating means for opening and closing said
open position during focusing adjustment of said blades to effect a camera exposure independently
camera, of diaphragm mechanism comprising a of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means pro
plurality of diaphragm leaves, an actuating means vided with a cam surface for opening said blades
movably connected with each of said leaves ad 20 during focusing adjustment of the camera, and
jacent one end thereof and movable to adjust actuating means for opening and closing said
said leaves to a desired exposure aperture, a leaves provided with a part cooperating with said
second actuating means movably connected with cam surface to open said shutter blades when said
each of said leaves adjacent the other end there actuating means is moved to open said diaphragm
of and movable to open and close said leaves to 25 leaves.
permit focusing adjustment of said camera, stop 15. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of
means comprising a part movable with one of said shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves,
actuating means for stopping the movement of the operating means for opening and closing said
other thereof to prevent interference therebe blades to effect a camera exposure independently
tween, and retaining means connected with said 30 of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means for
second actuating means for engaging and retain opening said blades during focusing adjustment
ing said auxiliary means in position for releas of the camera independently of movement of said
ing said master member and opening said shut leaves, and actuating means for opening and clos
ter blades while said second actuating means is ing said leaves, said auxiliary means having a part
in position for opening said diaphragm leaves. arranged to engage and hold said actuating means
12. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of in the inactive position thereof.
shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves, ALFRED SCI-IWARZ.
operating means for opening and closing said
blades for effecting a camera exposure independ REFERENCES CITED
ently of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means The following references are of record in the
for opening said blades during focusing adjust ?le of this patent:
ment of the camera independently of movement
of said leaves, actuating means separate from said UNITED STATES PATENTS
operating means for opening and closing said Number Name Date
leaves, and retaining means connected with said 2,168,893 Aiken ____________ __ Aug. 8, 1939
actuating means and movable thereby to position 2,206,132 Stewart __________ __ July 2, 1940
for engaging and retaining said auxiliary means 2,222,298 Nerwin __________ __ Nov. 19, 1940
in position for opening said shutter blades while 2,249,540 Riddell __________ __ July 15, 1041
said actuating means is in position for opening 2,269,401 Steiner ___________ __ Jan. 6, 1942
said diaphragm leaves. 2,327,591 Brueck __________ __ Aug. 24, 1943
13. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of 2,333,820 Riddell ___________ __ Nov. 9, 1943
shutter blades, a. plurality of diaphragm leaves, 2,344,382 Aiken ___________ __ Mar. 14, 1944
operating means for opening and closing said 2,354,168 Aiken ___________ __ July 18, 1944
blades to effect a camera exposure independently 2,356,880 Pignone _________ __ Aug. 29, 1944
of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means for 2,362,547 Fuerst __________ __ Nov. 14, 1944
opening said blades and retaining them in open 2,380,610 Pignone _________ __ July 31, 1945