LOARD MIV FULL - PDF (1) - 6 PDF

GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System XR
Lorad M-IV Mammography Alignment and Calibration
System Component Locations
Error Codes
Functional Checks
Logic and Block Diagrams
Preventive Maintenance
Software and Diagnostics
Theory
Troubleshooting
How to Use this EPST
Self-Paced Training Modules
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diagnostic imaging equipment. Copyright GE Medical Systems 2002.
Notes
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Alignment and Calibration
ALIGNMENT AND CALIBRATION

System Control X-Ray Tube
Overall Line Regulation Check
Host Microprocessor X-Ray Tube Type Selection
Board Switches Tube Bias Voltage Adjustment
Change System Default Settings
Collimation
Software X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Large Focal Spot
Load System Software X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Small Focal Spot
X-Ray Generation AEC Calibration

IR Microprocessor Image Receptor Detection
kV Control
High Voltage Adjustment MIII-Style Bucky Calibration
HV Control Board Overcurrent/Overvoltage
Adjustment Patient Positioning
Compression
mA Control Force Calibration
Tube Current Adjustment Thickness Calibration
Filament Control Board Overcurrent/Overvoltage Compression Chain Tension Calibration
Adjustment Setting Compression Release Distance
Compression Accessory Detection
Continued on Next Page
Alignment & Component Error Functional Logic & Block Preventive Software & Theory Trouble- Self-Paced Notes
Calibration Locations Codes Checks Diagrams Maintenance Diagnostics shooting Training
Motor/Lamp Control
Light Field Brightness Adjustment
Light Field Alignment
Power Distribution
AC Power Distribution
Accessories
ID Flasher
System Control
Overall
Note Some jumper settings may be different, depend-
ing on upgrades, updates, etc. Always verify cor-
rect setting in the OEM documentation.
Jumper
Circuit Board Jumper Position
Number
Host Microprocessor Board J1 pins 1 & 2
Motor/Lamp Control Board CJ-32 pins 2 & 3
Motor/Lamp Control Board J1 pins 1 & 2

Motor/Lamp Control Board J2 open
Image Receptor Microprocessor Board JP1 open
Image Receptor Microprocessor Board JP2 pins 1 & 2

System Control
Overall (Continued)
Jumper
Circuit Board Jumper Position
Number
VTA Motor Driver Board WJ8 pins 1 & 2
HV Control Board JP-1 (4) pins 1 & 2 (all)
Operator Interface Microprocessor JP-1 pins 1 & 2
Operator interface Microprocessor JP-11 pins 1 & 2
System Control (Continued)

Host Microprocessor A DIP switch (S6) for calibration settings
Important After completing any calibration, ensure S6 DIP

Status Function
all DIP switches are Off (left) and the Switches
rotary switch is at 0 (straight-up). S6-1 Peripheral Monitor (KJ26) Select
Board Switches S6-2 Peripheral Monitor (KJ26) Select

S6-3 Unused
Caution When S1 is active, pressing it will erase
S6-4 On Cal Mode (write protect off)
the stored value and replace it with the
current value on the display. Always Off Run Mode
check the value displayed is correct S6-5 Unused
before pressing S1. S6-6 On 5 Second Standby after x-ray
The Host Microprocessor board has the following: Off 30 Second Standby after x-ray
S6-7 On Host Alarm Enabled
4 pushbutton switches for calibration functions
Off Host Alarm Disabled
Host Pushbutton S6-8 On Cal Range 1
Function
Switches
Off Cal Range 2
S1 Save
Note: Bold indicates Normal Operating Position
S2 Select
S3 Decrease A rotatory switch (S4) to select calibration

S5 Increase parameters.
Note: S1 is active only when DIP Switch 6-4 is in the on (Cal Mode).
System Control
Host Microprocessor (Continued)
S4 Position S6-8 Position Function/Calibration
S4-0 (Default) On Exposure Counter

Off (Default) kV & Mode Display (Default)
S4-1 On Tube Type Select (Varian 0, Varian 1, Toshiba)
Off mAs (manual); mAs Window (Auto)
S4-2 On HTC Thickness Threshold
Off Filament Preheat Calibration
S4-3 On Unused
Off Density, Filter, Spot Size Display
S4-4 On HTC AKV Filament Calibration - Second Sample Exposure
Off Tube Grid Bias Calibration
S4-5 On Rotation & Vertical Speed Control and Force Load Cell Select
Off Compression Height & Force and C-arm Angle Calibration
S4-6 On Auto--Filter kV Threshold and Offset
Off Compression Force Limits Calibration
S4-7 On Compression Release Distance
Off Compression Force and Release Mode Display
S4-8 On Not Used
Off Small Focal Spot Collimator Calibration
System Control
S4 Position S6-8 Position Function/Calibration
S4-9 On Software Version

Off M-III Bucky Calibration
S4-A On Not Used
Off Host Status - Error Codes
S4-B On Image Receptor Detector Voltages
Off IR Accessory and Paddle Accessory Display
S4-C On Not Used
Off Mirror Position Calibration
S4-D On Not Used
Off Filter Position Calibration
Note Pressing S2 will move the mirror and filter assemblies. This verifies operation if Error 70,
71, or 72 is displayed. Pressing, however, S3, or S5 will change the values.
S4-E On AEC Detector Gain Calibration and HTC reduced mA Calibration Factor
Off AEC Calibration (Gain, Offset, Master Density)
S4-F On Not Used
Off Collimator Position Calibration (Aperture, Blade, Position)
System Control
Peripheral Monitor Ports to connect a PC to the Host
Microprocessor
Serial Connector Switch Setting Peripheral
KJ13 Unused
KJ14 Unused
KJ15 Unused
KJ16 Console (kV, mA, etc.)
KJ17 Console X-ray
KJ26 S6 (1=Off, 2=On) Tubehead Motors
KJ26 S6 (1=On, 2=Off) Generator
KJ26 S6 (1=Off, 2=On) Motor Controls (C-arm Rotation, Up, Down)
KJ26 S6 (1=Off, 2=Off) Image Receptor (AEC, Accessory Detection)
Note: The PC must have terminal emulation (e.g., VTERM, ANSI, VT100, etc.) Set the PCs serial port to: 9600 baud, 8 data
bits, parity NONE, 1 stop bit, XON/XOFF flow control.
System Control
Change System Default Settings Pressing the CHANGE key if the field has
Discuss system defaults with the users. If a change is predefined choices
requested, perform the following procedure. Typing in the required information into undefined
fields
Exposure Technique Keys
Compression
Release Pressing the CPT CODE, VIEW, or EXPOSURE
ON/OFF Setup Change
TECHNIQUE keys to change the CPT Code,
Exam View or Exposure Technique.
X-Ray X-Ray
Note Some fields require the ENTER key to be
Function Alphanumeric View
pressed to record the new default.
Keys Keys Keys
To go to the Additional Setup screen, highlight
ADDITIONAL SETUP under SETUP OPTIONS
1. Press the SETUP key (the SETUP key is in the and press ENTER.
upper-left of the View keypad. See the keyboard
layout above. Press the SETUP key to return to the previous
screen.
2. Highlight the setting to be changed using the
ARROWS on the function keypad, TAB keys, or the .
ENTER key
Note Samples of the screens are shown on the next
page with the field definitions; however, both may
change as new software is released.
3. Depending on the field, enter the new default by:
System Control
Pre Compression Force: 100% Printer: OFF Compression Force Units: LBS Date: 08/15/2002
Full Compression Force: 10% Auto ID: Tube - Black on White RIS: Attached Time: 9:11 a.m.
Compression Release: Automatic Cassette Sense: ON Film 1: Kodak Institution: EPST Hospital
Collimator: Manual Retain patient data for: 1 Day Film 2: Agfa Address: 1001 Hospital Dr.
Default Exposure Mode: Manual Setup Options: Additional Setup Film 3: Tech ID field cleared with Clear Key: NO
Default Magnification Mode: Manual Flash time 1: 1 Auto ID Contrast: 19
View Reminder: OFF Flash time 2: 500 Auto ID Offset: 7
mAs Table: 2 Flash time 3: 9999 Daylight Savings Time Enabled: No
SETUP ADDITIONAL SETUP
MANUAL MO 28 3 Large Kodak MANUAL MO 28 3 Large Kodak

mode filter kV mAs density
spot film mode filter kV mAs density
spot film
SETUP Field Values ADDITIONAL SETUP Fields Values

Pre-Compression Force 10% to 100% (15 to 30 lbs). Normally Compression Force Units LBS or Newtons
set low (i.e., 10%).
Full Compression Force 10% to 100% (20 to 40 lbs). Normally RIS Attached or Not Attached
set high (i.e., 100%).
Compression Release Manual, Automatic, Locked-Out Film 1 Film Label
Collimator Manual, Automatic Film 2 Film Label
System Control
SETUP Field Values ADDITIONAL SETUP Fields Values
Default Exposure Mode Manual, Auto-Time, Auto kV, Auto Film 3 Film Label
Filter
Default Magnification Mode Manual, Auto-Time, Auto kV, Auto Flash Time 1 1 to 999
Filter
View Reminder On, Off Flash Time 2 1 to 999
mAs Table (Manual Only) 1 (23 steps), 2 (59 steps) Flash Time 3 1 to 999
mAs Window (Auto kV Only) 125/165/200 mAs (Large) Institution 32 Character Max.
38/50/60 mAs (Small)
Printer On, Off Address 32 Character Max.
Auto ID Tube Side (B on W), Auto ID Contrast 1 to 19

Emulsion Side (B on W),
Tube Side (W on B),
Emulsion Side (W on B),
Cassette Sense On, Off Auto ID Offset 0 to 7
Retain Patient Data For 1 to 5 days Daylight Savings Time Yes or No
System Control (Continued)

Software The Language Selection Menu is displayed.
Newer systems may not have a hard drive. If software Note The Int'l English selection has English keyboard
reload fails the Operator Interface microprocessor layout and character sets with European-style
may need to be replaced. date and time settings.
Load System Software 3. Use the cursor keys to highlight the language
Perform this procedure: desired.
After a hardware or software failure 4. Press ENTER. The following is displayed:
When upgrading the operator interface. INSTALLING REMOTE CONSOLE SOFTWARE
Check the following: When the installation is complete, the following

message is displayed:
1. Ensure the primary circuit breaker is on.
Please remove floppy from Drive A and turn the
2. Ensure the Input Power circuit breaker (back of power off. When power is turned on, the new
gantry) is on. software will be running.
3. Verify all Estops are reset (gantry has two, console, 5. Turn off the system.
one).
6. Wait one minute.
Power-up the system
7. Turn on the system. Normal boot-up is:
1. Insert the Operator Console floppy.
a. Startup screen, then
2. Press the Operator Console On switch.
b. A blank screen while the patient database loads,
then
System Control
Software (Continued)
c. Run Mode screen.
Note After installing new software, the start-up takes
longer because the patient database is automati-
cally rebuilt.
X-Ray Generation
IR Microprocessor Digital multimeter
Refer to the IR Microprocessor Jumper Settings. Print a copy of the Keithley Triad kV Calibration
worksheet.
kV Control
Also refer to the HV Control board Jumper Settings. 1. Switch off main power.
High Voltage Adjustment 2. Open the left and right gantry doors.
3. Allow the high voltage capacitor to discharge.
DANGER! Shock hazard. This procedure
LED D14 on the Inverter Board indicates the charge
generates extremely high voltages. Be
sure to follow all electrical safety state. If the LED is lit, the HV capacitor still is
charged to over 100V.
precautions.
After the LED goes out, wait 5 more minutes.
WARNING! Radiation hazard. This procedure 4. Connect the DC voltmeter to the low voltage
generates x-rays. Be sure to follow all terminals of the HV Divider.
radiation safety precautions.
5. Position the meter so it can be read from behind the
Required Tools radiation shield.
Invasive high-voltage divider (10,000:1 or 1,000:1) 6. Connect the ground terminal of the HV Divider to the
with HV divider to HV generator cable gantry chassis.
or a Non-invasive Meter (0.1 kV Accuracy).
Note If a non-invasive meter is used, install a large
compression paddle upside-down to support
the detector.
X-Ray Generation
kV Control (Continued)
7. Connect HV cable to the HV receptacle on the High HV Control Board Overcurrent/Overvoltage
Voltage Inverter. Ensure the plug is firmly seated. Adjustment
Adjust as necessary:
WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all Pot. to
radiation safety precautions and read Function Test Point Voltage
Adjust
the meter only from behind the
radiation shield. Small Spot Overcurrent TP8 +/TP24 - R33 1.8 VDC
Large Spot Overcurrent TP9 +/TP24 - R32 6.0 VDC
8. Turn on the system. Inverter Overcurrent TP2 +/TP24 - R3 8.5 VDC
9. Set for 30 kV, 160 mAs, Manual mode. Tube Overvoltage TP1 +/TP24 - R6 11.0 VDC
10. Verify on the meter that the voltages (or kV if using
the non-invasive meter) are within 2% of the kV
setting:
2.94 - 3.06V (10,000:1)
29.4 - 30.6V (1,000:1)
11. If the voltage falls outside this range, adjust R18 on
the HV Control board (CW +, CCW -).
Note It may be necessary to get the voltages within 1%
of the 30 kV setting (i.e., 2.97 - 3.03V at
10,000:1) to get the remaining intermediate
checks to within 2%.
X-Ray Generation
mA Control & Filament Preheat 6. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=On).
Tube Current Adjustment 7. Verify the Host Microprocessor is set for the proper
x-ray tube: (S4=1, S6-8=On).
WARNING! Radiation hazard. This procedure
8. Record the voltage reading across R74. Verify the
generates x-rays. Be sure to follow all
voltage is 247 to 250 mVDC. This is the standby
voltage.
1. Turn off the system. 9. If necessary, adjust R87 to obtain the proper values.
2. Connect a voltmeter across R75 (TP25 and TP31) Note If this procedure is being done because of Error
on the Filament board. 27, or R87 can not be adjusted to the proper volt-
Note OEM documentation indicates R74, however age, please see the adjustment notes in the
R75 provides a more accurate voltage reading. Troubleshooting section.)
3. Connect channel 1 of a storage oscilloscope to TP4 10. Set unit to manual mode with 28 kV and 50
and TP17 (ground) on the HV Control board. mAs.Take an exposure and check the reading on the
mAs meter. If the reading is not within 1 to 2 mAs,
4. Remove the jumper bar in banana jack on the HV then go to the High Voltage Control board and turn
Multiplier Supply and plug in the mAs meter. the mA Adjust POT clockwise to increase mAs or
CCW to decrease the mAs.
Caution System requirement. Do not operate the
system without either the jumper bar or 11. Take another exposure and repeat step 10 until the
an mAs meter plug in the HV Multiplier mAs is within 1 to 2 of the specified mAs.
Supply. 12. Leave the kV at 28 and change the mAs to 200. Take
an exposure and read the meter. If necessary, adjust
5. Turn on system. the mAs POT to obtain a reading with 1 to 2 mAs of
the selected mAs.
X-Ray Generation
mA Control & Filament Preheat
Tube Current Adjustment (Continued)
13. Since there is only one POT for mA/mAs, return to 18. Set the system for 25 kV, 100 mAs, Large Focal
the 50 mAs setting and take an exposure. Take an Spot, Manual mode.
exposure at 200 mAs and sadjust the mA POT to
obtain the best reading for both 50 and 200 mAs WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps
settings. generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all
14. Turn off power and remove the test equipment. Re-
connect the jumper.
19. Take an exposure.
15. Connect the oscilloscope to the mA test points on
20. Verify the meter reads 100 mAs (4 mAs).
the High Voltage Control board (upper right).
21. Set the system for 22 kV, 50 mAs, Small Focal Spot,
16. Set the oscilloscope to acquire and store a single
Manual mode.
sweep:
Trigger: CH 1
Vertical: 0.5 VDC/Division (Small Focus)
0.2 VDC/Division (Large Focus)
Horizontal: 20 ms, Single Sweep
17. Set the mAs to Table 2 on the setup screen (59 mAs
levels).
X-Ray Generation
mA Control & Filament Preheat 24. Compare the waveform to the waveforms shown:
Tube Current Adjust, (Continued) GOOD BAD BAD
No Adjustment Undershoot- Overshoot-
23. Verify the waveform amplitude is within 5% of the Necessary Increase Value Decrease Value
specified voltage in the chart below (e.g., 22 kV, 24

mAs, Small Focal Spot should be between 0.589V
100 mA
and 0.651V).
80 mA
60 mA
Focal Spot kV mA Voltage
40 mA
Large 22 kV 80 mA 2.12V
20 mA
Large 30 kV 100 mA 2.5V 0 mA
Small 22 kV 24 mA 0.62V .01 .04 .01 .04 .01 .04

Sec Sec Sec Sec Sec Sec
Small 30 kV 30 mA 0.75V
X-Ray Generation
If an undershoot or overshoot exists: e. Take another exposure and compare the
waveforms again. Repeat until a good waveform
CAUTION To prevent X-Ray Tube overheating, is obtained.
determine the DAC value required for
25. Repeat for the remaining Large and Small Focal
the first kV station and then add that
Spot kV stations.
correction value to the remaining kV
stations before taking verification Note Filter type does not matter.
exposures.
26. When complete, return the Host Microprocessor to
Also, release the X-Ray button early or normal operation (S6-4=Off).
set the system (for large focus) to 50
mAs or 12 mAs (for small focus).
The beginning of the waveform (first 20
ms) will still be captured, but the tube on
time will be reduced.
Then press reset on the Operator
Console to clear the error.
a. Set S6-6=ON for a 5 second wait.

b. Set the Host Microprocessor for Filament
Calibration filxxx (S4=2; S6-8=Off).
c. Press S5 (increase) or S3 (decrease).
d. Press S1 to save the value.
X-Ray Generation
Filament Control Board Overcurrent/Overvoltage
Adjustment
Perform the following checks and adjust the Filament
Control board as necessary:
Varian
Test Pot. to Toshiba Varian-1A
Function 0&1
Point Adjust Voltage Voltage
Voltage
Small TP17 + R45 4.3 VDC 6.0 VDC 4.8 VDC

Filament TP7 -
Overcurrent
Large TP16 + R44 4.3 VDC 6.0 VDC 4.8 VDC

Filament TP7 -
Overcurrent
Filament TP8 + R20 10.0 12.5 11.0 VDC

Overvoltage TP7 - VDC VDC
NOTE: Varian tubes have a label on the cathode end. 0 and 1 tubes are
labelled M113 and 1A tubes are labelled M113-1A
X-Ray Generation
X-Ray Tube X-Ray Tube Type Selection
Line Regulation Check Perform this procedure:
1. Turn off system. To verify the correct tube is selected
2. Place the leads of a true RMS voltmeter across line After replacing a tube.
1 and line 2 (Remove the cover at the lower, rear of
1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=On).
the gantry to access the main circuit breaker.)
2. Select X-Ray Tube Selection (S4=1, S6-8=On).
3. Turn on system.
3. Determine the type of tube installed.
4. Record the voltage. (VNL = _______)
4. Press SELECT (S2) until the tube type is displayed.
5. Set the system for 30 kV, 200 mAs.
Note Use Varian 0 for tubes manufactured until April
WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps 1997. Use Varian 1 for tubes manufactured from
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all May 1997 on.
The manufacture date can be determined from
the last two digits of the tube serial number. The
first digit is a letter corresponding to a month of
7. Record the voltage. (VL = _______). the year (N = January to Y = December) and the
8. Calculate the regulation percentage using the last digit is the year of manufacture. E.g., a tube
formula: with the last two digits "Q7" would have been
manufactured April 1997 and is type Varian 0.
Reg% = ([VNL - VL] / VNL) X 100%
5. Press and hold SAVE (S1) and DECREASE (S3)
The regulation percentage should be under 10%. If it until the display changes to all caps.
is not, contact the facilities manager. Also see
System-Wide Troubleshooting, Note 4. 6. Return to Normal Operation. (S6-4=Off).
X-Ray Generation
X-Ray Tube (Continued)
Tube Bias Voltage Adjustment 8. Return to Normal Operation. (S6-4=Off)
Adjust the tube bias voltage after replacing the tube.
Varian (Both) Toshiba Small Toshiba (Large
1. Perform the X-Ray Tube Type Selection procedure.
1 5V 0 100
2 5V 500 200
3. Select Tube Bias Voltage Adjustment (S4=1, S6-
3 5V 1000 300
8=On).
4 5V 1500 400
4. Refer to the tube manufacturer documentation for
tube bias values of both focal spots (voltage for 5 5V 2000 500
Varian, resistance for Toshiba. 6 6V 2500 600
5. Select Large Focal Spot and then increase (S5) or 7 7V 3000 700
decrease (S3) according to the chart below. 8 8V 3500 800
6. Repeat for the Small Focal Spot. 9 9V 4000 900
7. Press SAVE (S2). 10 10V N/A 1000
X-Ray Generation
Collimation 30 kV
X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Large Focal Spot 50 mAs
1. Install an 18X24 cm Bucky onto the IRSD. Manual mode
2. Insert a loaded cassette into the Bucky. Large Focal Spot
3. Center a loaded 24X30 cm casette on top of the 11. Take an exposure and develop both films.
Bucky.
12. Verify the non-chest wall edges of the 24X30 film:
4. Slide the casette forward until it is 3 cm past the
chest wall edge. The x-ray field does not exceed the film edge
(i.e., some white space is visible)
5. Install a 18X24 compression paddle.
The white space is not greater than 6.5 mm from
6. Lower the paddle until it just touches the Bucky. the edge (i.e. is greater than 1% of the SID)
7. Tape a coin to the front edge of the paddle to mark 13. Verify the chest wall edge of the 18X24 film:
the chest wall edge.
The x-ray field at least reaches the edge marker
The x-ray field is not more than 13 mm past the
9. Select Collimator Position Adjustment (S4=F, S6- edge marker
8=On).
14. Record any distance adjustments required.
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all
10. Set the system for:
X-Ray Generation
Collimation
X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Large Focal Spot (Continued)
15. Press S2 on the Host Microprocessor board until Large Focal Spot
the collimator blade value to be adjusted is displayed
(see the collimator blade chart below). Host Display Field Size Blade Adjustment
3 rr ### 10 cm Rear
Large Focal Spot
3 lt ### 10 cm Left
Host Display Field Size Blade Adjustment 3 rt ### 10 cm Right
0 rr ### 24X30 cm Rear 3 ft ### 10 cm Front
0 lt ### 24X30 cm Left 4 rr ### 7.5 cm Rear
0 rt ### 24X30 cm Right 4 lt ### 7.5 cm Left
0 ft ### 24X30 cm Front 4 rt ### 7.5 cm Right
1 rr ### 18X24 cm Rear 4 ft ### 7.5 cm Front
1 lt ### 18X24 cm Left
16. Press S5 or S3 on the Host Microprocessor board to
1 rt ### 18X24 cm Right increase or decrease the blade value.
1 ft ### 18X24 cm Front Note Each increment equals about 0.1 mm.
2 rr ### 15 cm Rear
2 lt ### 15 cm Left
2 rt ### 15 cm Right
2 ft ### 15 cm Front
X-Ray Generation
Collimation
X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Large Focal Spot (Continued)
17. Repeat this procedure to verify the collimator blades
are correctly positioned.
Note Because the front edge collimator value is the
same for all large focal spot formats, enter the
same value for the remaining four formats.
18. Repeat this procedure for the 18X24 Field using:
18X24 cm Bucky
18X24 cm Casette
18X24 cm Paddle
19. Repeat this procedure for the 15, 10, 7.5 cm fields
using:
24X30 cm casette (pull the casette forward until it
overlaps the chest wall edge by 3 cm--the extra
casette on top of the is not used for these
checks)
Appropriate sized compression paddle (tape
coins to mark all four edges of the paddle.
X-Ray Generation
Collimation (Continued)
X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Small Focal Spot 25 kV
The small focal spot light field must be adjusted before 50 mAs
the x-ray field.
Manual mode
1. Install a loaded 18X24 cm Bucky onto the IRSD.
Small Focal Spot
2. Center a loaded 18X24 cm casette on top of the
Bucky and rotate the casette 90 degrees. 9. Take an exposure and develop both films.
3. Slide the casette forward until it is 3 cm past the 10. Verify the non-chest wall edges of the 18X24 film
chest wall edge. (from the Bucky):
4. Press the light field button and mark each edge of The x-ray field does not exceed the film edge
the light field with a taped-down coin. (i.e., some white space is visible)
5. Tape a coin 13 mm the front edge of the casette to The white space is not greater than 6.5 mm from
mark the chest wall edge tolerance. the edge (i.e. is greater than 1% of the SID)
6. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=On). 11. Verify the chest wall edge of the 18X24 film:
7. Select Collimator Position Adjustment (S4=F, S6- The x-ray field at least reaches the edge marker
8=On). The x-ray field is not more than 13 mm past the
edge marker
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all 12. Record any distance adjustments required.

X-Ray Generation
Collimation
X-Ray Beam Adjustment-Small Focal Spot (Continued)
13. Press S2 on the Host Microprocessor board until Small Focal Spot
(see the collimator blade chart below). Host Display Field Size Blade Adjustment
11 rr ### 18X24 cm Rear-X-Ray Field

Small Focal Spot
11 lt ### 18X24 cm Left-X-Ray Field
Host Display Field Size Blade Adjustment
11 rt ### 18X24 cm Right-X-Ray Field
8 rr ### 18X24 cm Rear-Light Field
11 ft ### 18X24 cm Front-X-Ray Field
8 lt ### 18X24 cm Left-Light Field
12 rr ### 15 cm Rear-X-Ray Field
8 rt ### 18X24 cm Right-Light Field
12 lt ### 15 cm Left-X-Ray Field
8 ft ### 18X24 cm Front-Light Field
12 rt ### 15 cm Right-X-Ray Field
9 rr ### 15 cm Rear-Light Field
12 ft ### 15 cm Front-X-Ray Field
9 lt ### 15 cm Left-Light Field
13 rr ### 10 cm Rear-X-Ray Field
9 rt ### 15 cm Right-Light Field
13 lt ### 10 cm Left-X-Ray Field
9 ft ### 15 cm Front-Light Field
13 rt ### 10 cm Right-X-Ray Field
10 rr ### 10 cm Rear-Light Field
13 ft ### 10 cm Front-X-Ray Field
10 lt ### 10 cm Left-Light Field
10 rt ### 10 cm Right-Light Field
10 ft ### 10 cm Front-Light Field
X-Ray Generation
Collimation
14. Press S5 or S3 on the Host Microprocessor board to 18. Slide the casette forward until it is 3 cm past the
increase or decrease the blade value. chest wall edge.
Note Each increment equals about 0.1 mm. 19. Install an 18X24 cm compression paddle
15. Repeat this procedure to verify the collimator blades 20. Tape a coin front edge of the casette to mark the
are correctly positioned. chest wall edge.
16. Repeat this procedure for the 15 and 10 cm fields
using:
24X30 cm casette (pull the casette forward until it radiation safety precautions.
overlaps the chest wall edge by 3 cm--the extra
casette on top of the is not used for these checks, 21. Set the system for:
and then press the light field button and mark the
25 kV
light field with coins.)
50 mAs
Appropriate sized compression paddle-Lower the
compression paddle and tape coins to mark all Manual mode
four edges of the paddle.
Small Focal Spot
X-Ray Field Adjustment
22. Take an exposure and develop both films.
17. Center a loaded 18X24 cm casette on top of the
23. Verify the non-chest wall edges of the 18X24 film
Bucky and rotate the casette 90 degrees.
(from the Bucky):
X-Ray Generation
Collimation
The x-ray field does not exceed the film edge 29. Repeat this procedure for the 15 and 10 cm fields
(i.e., some white space is visible) using:
The white space is not greater than 6.5 mm from 24X30 cm casette (pull the casette forward until it
the edge (i.e. is greater than 1% of the SID) overlaps the chest wall edge by 3 cm--the extra
casette on top of the is not used for these checks,
24. Verify the chest wall edge of the 18X24 film:
and then press the light field button and mark the
The x-ray field at least reaches the edge marker light field with coins.)
The x-ray field is not more than 13 mm past the 30. Appropriate sized compression paddle-Lower the
edge marker compression paddle and tape coins to mark all four
edges of the paddle.
25. Record any distance adjustments required.
26. Press S2 on the Host Microprocessor board until
(see the collimator blade chart above)
27. Press S5 or S3 on the Host Microprocessor board to
increase or decrease the blade value.
Note Each increment equals about 0.1 mm.
28. Repeat this procedure to verify the collimator blades
are correctly positioned.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration Perform the preliminary procedures first in the order
The following procedures normally take 6 to 8 hours to listed, then complete the procedures based on the bucky
type used by the system.
perform, depending on your experience with the system.
Be sure to let the customer know that the system will be
down for a day before starting the calibrations. IMPORTANT! Use BEM (BR12, GE P/N 2272567)
for all AEC procedures. Other
Perform the this calibration when the AEC detector is materials (acrylic, PMMA, etc.) may
replaced or a new film/screen combination is used. If the work, but are not recommended.
film emulsion run is slightly different or new chemistry is
used, the Master Density may just need to be tweaked at IMPORTANT! Use the same cassette for all
the all kV stations. procedures. Customers will normally
Overview designate a QC cassette to be used.
The AEC calibration procedure is used to enter new gain
and offset values (and reset Master Density values) at IMPORTANT! As a final verification of the
each kV station (for both filters and large & small focal calibration, use the customer ACR
phantom in the normal QC. If there is
spot). This normally requires about 125 films to be used.
a density difference between the
Basically the AEC calibration procedure calibrates each BEM and ACR Phantom, adjust that
kV station for a thick and thin patient. kV station to satisfy the Target OD
Most of the procedures are performed using 25 kV
unless specifically noted. Also, note the type of bucky to Preliminary
be used for each procedure. 1. Tube Potential (kV)
If the system passed the physicist inspection, it is not
necessary to perform this procedure.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration (Continued)
2. Tube Current (mA) Once the preliminary calibrations are completed,
determine the Bucky type used by the system. Perform
After performing this procedure, leave the scope
the following AEC calibrations in the order listed:
connected to see the waveform when performing the
AEC calibrations. The system uses the first 50 ms to Linear Bucky
determine the length of the exposure so its
1. Gain and Offset Calibration-Large Focal Spot
important to have a good waveform.
HTC Bucky
3. Set Master Density Values to 1.00:
1. Reduced Large Spot (below 40 mAs)
a. Enter AEC Calibration Mode (S4=E, S6-4=ON).
2. Filament Off-Time (Auto kV)
b. Press S2 to cycle through to Master Density.
Also known as HfilHi/HfilLO
c. Use S3 or S5 to change the Master Density to
1.0. 3. Gain and Offset Calibrations
d. Press S1 to save the new value. 4. Compression Threshold Height Calibration
e. Repeat for each kV station (large & small focal 5. Initial Adjustment of Reduced mA Optical
spot and MO and RH filters) Density Offset Factor
4. AEC Detector Gain Calibration 6. mA Optical Density Offset
This is the 9-9.5 VDC calibration for detector gain. 7. Perform Gain and Offset Calibrations for all other kV
Do not confuse this procedure with Gain and Offset stations:
Calibration performed later.
MO: 24 kV, 26-30 kV
RH: 28-35 kV
X-Ray Generation
Magnification Stand
1. Gain and Offset Calibration-Small Focal Spot
Linear, HTC, and Magnification Stand
Perform the Linear and then the HTC calibrations in the
order listed.
IMPORTANT! When AEC Calibrations are

complete, return the Host
Microprocessor to normal operation
(S6-4=Off).
X-Ray Generation
AEC Detector Gain Calibration S4=E
This is the 9-9.5 VDC calibration for detector gain. Do not S6-4=ON
confuse this procedure with Gain and Offset Calibration
performed later. S6-8=ON
Perform this procedure using the Linear or HTC Bucky. If 6. Press SELECT (S2) until DetGN=## is displayed.
the system uses both Bucky types, perform the
procedure using the with the HTC Bucky. WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps
1. Install a Bucky on the IRSD. radiation safety precautions.
2. Center 2 cm of BEM so it completely covers the AEC
detectors and extends 1 cm from the chest wall. 7. Take an exposure.
3. Set the system for: 8. Verify the scope displays 9.0 to 9.5 VDC.
30 kV If the voltage is too high:
50 mAs a. Press S5 to decrease detector gain by 1.
Manual mode b. Take another exposure
4. Connect an oscilloscope probe to TP7 on the IR c. Check the DC voltage again. Try to get the
Microprocessor board. Connect the scope ground voltage as close to 9.5 VDC as possible without
to TP22. going over.
5. At the Host Microprocessor, select AEC Detector Note The detector saturates very easily and thus
Gain Calibration: may not respond to a gain setting reduction.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
AEC Detector Gain Calibration (Continued)
To prevent this problem, make sure the BEM
completely covers the detectors and over-
hangs the chest wall by at least 1 cm.
Then, if necessary, reduce the kV or mA set-

ting by 1 until the detector output responds to
changes in the gain setting.
If the voltage is too low:
a. Press S3 to increase the gain by 1.
b. Take another exposure and check the DC voltage
again.
c. Repeat until the voltage does not exceed 9.5
VDC.
d. Then press S5 to reduce the gain by 1. Take
another exposure and check the voltage to
ensure it is under 9.5 VDC.
X-Ray Generation
Gain and Offset Calibration-Large Focal Spot 25 kV
This procedure adjusts the optical density of the film. Large Focal Spot
Discuss OD preference with customer (referred to later
as Target OD). Generally, Target OD is between 1.4 and Auto-Time
1.8. MO Filter
Note Remember, adjusting the Gain at a particular kV 5. Select the film or screen type to be calibrated.
station will also affect the Offset at that station;
however, adjusting the Offset will have no effect Gain
on the Gain. Note Gain calibration exposures require 20 to 35 mAs.
Perform this calibration with a Linear Bucky only. Take sample exposures and adjust the BEM
attenuation for correct mAs before gain and off-
1. Install an 18 X 24 cm Linear Bucky on the IRSD. set adjustments.
2. Insert a loaded casette (use the same cassette for all 6. Position 3 cm BEM (see note above) on the Bucky,
calibration exposures). laterally centered, extending 1 cm over the edge of
3. At the Host Microprocessor, select AEC the chest wall.
Calibration: 7. Position the AEC detector as close to the chest wall
S4=E as possible.
S6-4=ON WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps

S6-8=OFF generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all
8. Take an exposure and develop the film.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Gain and Offset Calibration-Large Focal Spot (Continued)
9. Record the exposure on the LORAD Mammo AEC Offset
Calibration Data Sheet (print 10 copies for the other
Note Offset calibration exposures require 200 to 350
calibration procedures).
mAs. Take sample exposures and adjust the
10. Measure the optical density of the film 1 in from the BEM attenuation for correct mAs before gain and
chest wall, centered laterally (ensure the optical offset adjustments.
density is measured at the same point on each film).
12. Replace the 2 cm BEM with 6 cm BEM (see note
To adjust the optical density, at the Host above).
Microprocessor:
13. Take an exposure and develop the film
a. Press SELECT (S2) until the Gain value is
14. Measure the optical density. Adjust, if necessary:
displayed.
a. Press SELECT (S2) until the Offset value is
b. Press S3 or S5 to adjust the Gain value.
displayed.
Note Increasing the gain will lighten the film;
b. Press S3 or S5 to adjust the Offset value.
decreasing will darken the film.
Note Increasing the offset will lighten the film;
c. Press S1 to save the value.
11. Take another exposure, measure the optical density,
and adjust again if necessary. If no adjustment is
necessary, record the value on the data sheet. 15. Take another exposure, measure the optical density,
necessary, record the value.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Gain and Offset Calibration-Large Focal Spot (Continued)
Repeat for Other kV Stations RH filter
16. Set the system for 24 kV and enter the 25 kV values 23. Input the 28 kV MO filter gain and offset values as a
recorded earlier as a starting point. starting point.
17. Perform the Gain and Offset procedures (above) so Note Adjust BEM thickness for a Gain of 20 to 30 mAs.
the optical density is within 0.12 of the Target OD. Adjust BEM thickness for an Offset of 200 to 350
mAs.
18. Fill in the values on the worksheet printed earlier.
24. Take an exposure, develop the film, and adjust gain
19. Repeat for 26-30 kV.
and offset to within 0.12 of the Target OD.
Input Other MO AEC Values
Input the following values only. No adjustment is
Input Other RH AEC Values
necessary, unless the customer has a specific
requirement. Input the following values only. No adjustment is
20. Input the 24 kV Gain and Offset values for 20-23 kV.
requirement.
Repeat for Rhodium Filter
22. Set the system for
28 kV
Large Focal Spot
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Gain and Offset Calibration-Small Focal Spot 25 kV
This procedure adjusts the optical density of the film. Small Focal Spot
Discuss OD preference with customer (referred to later
as Target OD). Generally, Target OD is between 1.4 and Auto-Time
1.8. MO Filter
Note Remember, adjusting the Gain at a particular kV 5. Select the film or screen type to be calibrated.
station will also affect the Offset at that station;
however, adjusting the Offset will have no effect 6. Set the Gain and Offset values to the values used for
on the Gain. 25 kV, Large Focal Spot.
Perform this calibration with a magnification table only. Gain
1. Install a magnification table. Note Gain calibration exposures require 6 to 12 mAs.

Take sample exposures and adjust the BEM
2. Insert a loaded casette (use the same cassette for all attenuation for correct mAs before gain and off-
calibration exposures). set adjustments.
3. At the Host Microprocessor, select AEC 7. Position 2 cm BEM (see note above) on the
Calibration: magnification table, laterally centered, extending 1
S4=E cm over the edge of the chest wall.
S6-4=ON
S6-8=OFF
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Gain and Offset Calibration-Small Focal Spot (Continued)
8. Position the AEC detector as close to the chest wall c. Press S1 to save the value.
as possible.
radiation safety precautions. Offset
Note Offset calibration exposures requires slightly
more than 80 mAs. Take sample exposures and
10. Record the exposure on the LORAD Mammo AEC adjust the BEM attenuation for correct mAs
Calibration Data Sheet. before gain and offset adjustments.
11. Measure the optical density of the film 1 in from the 13. Replace the 2 cm BEM with 4 cm BEM (see note
chest wall, centered laterally (ensure the optical above).
To adjust the optical density, at the Host
Microprocessor:
displayed.
displayed.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
c. Press S1 to save the value. Repeat for Rhodium Filter
16. Take another exposure, measure the optical density, 23. Set the system for
28 kV
Small Focal Spot
Repeat for Other kV Stations
RH filter.
17. Set the system for 24 kV and enter the 25 kV values
recorded earlier as a starting point. 24. Input the 28 kV MO filter gain and offset values.
18. Perform the Gain and Offset procedures (above) so Note Adjust BEM thickness for a Gain of 6 to 12 mAs.
the optical density is within 0.12 of the Target OD.e. Adjust BEM thickness for an Offset of slightly
greater than 80 mAs.
19. Fill in the values on the worksheet printed earlier.
25. Take an exposure, develop the film, and adjust gain
and offset to within 0.12 of the Target OD.
Input Other MO AEC Values
Input the following values only. No adjustment is
Input Other RH AEC Values
requirement. Input the following values only. No adjustment is
requirement.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
At this point the Linear Bucky AEC calibrations are
complete. If the system requires HTC Bucky calibration,
go to the next procedure.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Reduced Large Spot (below 40 mAs) If adjustment is needed, set the Host
Microprocessor for Filament Calibration (filxxx):
IMPORTANT! The following AEC calibrations are for
S4=2
the HTC Bucky only. If the system has
only Linear Bucky type, do not do any S6-4=On
of the following AEC procedures. S6-8=Off
This procedure adjusts the reduced mA portion of the 5. Press S5 to increase or S3 to decrease.
system at each kV setting.
This procedure is performed at 25 kV with an HTC bucky
only.
1. Install the HTC Bucky.
2. Set system for:
25 kV
12 mAs
Manual
3. Connect a storage oscilloscope probe to TP4 on the
High Voltage Control board. Connect the scope
ground to TP17.
4. Perform the Tube Current Adjustment for each kV
setting.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Filament Off-Time (Auto kV) To adjust, set the Host Microprocessor for:
This procedure adjusts the time the filament is off during S6-4=On
pre-exposure samples and is performed at 25 kV with an
HTC bucky only. S4=4
For 100 mA Exposures S6-8=Off
1. Install the HTC Bucky. Press S2 until HfilHi is displayed.
2. Fully raise the compression paddle. 8. Press S3 or S5 to adjust.
3. Set system for: 9. Repeat as necessary.
Auto-kV For 40 mA Exposures
4. Block the AEC detector with a lead shield. 1. Install the HTC Bucky.
5. Connect a storage oscilloscope probe to TP4 on the 2. Fully lower the compression paddle.
High Voltage Control board. Connect the scope 3. Set system for:
ground to TP24.
Auto-kV
WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps 4. Block the AEC detector with a lead shield.
7. Check the second waveform for over/undershoot.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Filament Off-Time (Auto kV) (Continued)
5. Connect a storage oscilloscope probe to TP4 on the 9. Repeat as necessary.
High Voltage Control board. Connect the scope
Note Try to obtain the best possible squarewave. In
ground to TP24.
some systems it may not be possible to achieve
the ideal waveform.
7. Check the second waveform for over/undershoot.
To adjust, set the Host Microprocessor for:
S6-4=On
S4=4
S6-8=Off
Press S2 until HfilLo is displayed.
8. Press S3 or S5 to adjust.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Gain and Offset Calibrations Large Focal Spot
This procedure is performed initially at 25 kV with an Auto-Time
HTC Bucky only. After the 25 kV calibration is completed,
continue with the remaining HTC AEC calibration MO Filter
procedures. Film/Screen type to be calibrated
When the final procedure is completed (mA Optical 4. Set the switches on the Host Microprocessor for:
Density Offset), return to this procedure and complete
for all other kV stations (do not do 25 kV a second time). S6-4=On
Discuss OD preference with customer (referred to later S4=E

as Target OD). Generally, Target OD is between 1.4 to S6-8=Off
1.8.
Gain
Note Adjusting the Gain at a particular kV station will
also affect the Offset at that station; however, Note Gain calibration exposures require 20 to 35 mAs.
adjusting the Offset will have no effect on the Take sample exposures and adjust the BEM
Gain. attenuation for correct mAs before gain and off-
set adjustments.
1. Install an 18X24 cm HTC Bucky on the IRSD.
5. Center 2 cm BEM (see note above) on the Bucky
2. Install a loaded cassette. with 1 cm extending over the chest wall edge.
Note Use the same cassette for all exposures. 6. Take an exposure and develop the film.
3. Set system for: 7. Record the exposure on the LORAD Mammo AEC
25 kV Calibration Data Sheet.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Gain and Offset Calibrations (Continued)
8. Measure the optical density of the film 1 in from the 10. Replace the 2 cm BEM with 6 cm BEM (see note
chest wall, centered laterally (ensure the optical above).
To adjust the optical density, at the Host
Microprocessor:
displayed.
displayed.
Offset
Note Offset calibration exposures require 200 to 350
BEM attenuation for correct mAs before gain and
offset adjustments.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Compression Threshold Height Calibration 9. Lower the paddle again.
This procedure determines the point at which the system 10. Take an exposure and verify the OD is between 1.3
operates at reduced mA for thin patients (below the and 1.7 (or Target OD) If it is not adjust the gain.
threshold). Perform this procedure at 25 kV with an HTC
bucky only. Use 30 lbs of pressure. 11. Record the new OD value on the semi-log
worksheet (point2).
1. Install an HTC Bucky on the IRSD.
12. Draw a line through point1 and point2.
2. Insert a loaded casette (use the same cassette for all
calibration exposures). 13. Draw a horizontal intercept line at 80 mAs.
3. Position 3 cm BEM on the Bucky, laterally centered, 14. Draw a vertical line from the intercept point down to
extending 1 cm over the edge of the chest wall. the thickness scale at the bottom of the chart. This is
the Compression Thickness Threshold Value.
4. Lower the compression paddle onto the BEM.
15. Set the switches on the Host Microprocessor for:
S4=2
25 kV
S6-4=On
Auto-Time
S6-8=Off
6. Take an exposure and verify the OD is between 1.3
and 1.7 (or Target OD) If it is not adjust the gain. 16. The number displayed is the stored Compression
Thickness Value. Press S3 or S5 to decrease or
7. Record the OD on the semi-log worksheet (point1). increase as necessary.
8. Release the compression paddle and replace the 2 17. Press S1 to save.
cm with 5 cm BEM.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
Initial Adjustment of Reduced mA Optical Density
Offset Factor
only.
1. Install an HTC Bucky.
2. Set the Host Microprocessor for:
S6-4=On
S4=E
3. Press S2 until HaecF## is displayed.
4. Press S3 until HaecF85 is displayed.
5. Press S1 to save.
6. Turn S6-8=Off.
X-Ray Generation
AEC Calibration
mA Optical Density Offset 7. Measure the optical density and verify it is within
Note Normally set at 85 DAC value. 0.1 of the 100 mA (above threshold) exposure
optical density.
only. If it is not, set the Host Microprocessor to S6-
4=On, S4=E, S6-8=Off, and press S2 until
1. Install the HTC Bucky. HaecF### is displayed.
2. Insert a loaded casette. 8. Press S3 to increase the optical density; press S5 to
3. Set system for: decrease.
25 kV 9. Repeat until the optical densities are within 0.12.
Auto-Time Note Depending on the H & D curve of the film, 0.12

may not be obtainable. Try to get the OD as close
4. Center 3 cm of BEM over the exposure detectors as possible.
(below threshold calibrated, i.e., 40 mA).
Note Depending on the system, kV values above 28
5. Fully lower the compression paddle (30 lbs). with MO/RH may require additional BEM to elimi-
nate calculated time errors. Gain will be about 60
WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps mAs and offset will remain between 200-350
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all mAs.
When this procedure is complete, go to the Gain and
6. Take an exposure and develop the film. Offset Calibrations (for the HTC Bucky) and complete
for MO 24, 26-30 kV and RH 28-35 kV.
X-Ray Generation
Image Receptor Detection S6-8=ON.
A strip of reflective/non-reflective tape on each detector 3. Install the 18X24 cm Bucky.
causes each of the four optical sensors on the IR
4. Press Select (S2) until the first voltage is displayed.
Detection board to produce a high voltage (over the
reflective portion of the tape), or low voltage (non- 5. Press Select again to display the next voltage.
reflective).
6. Verify the voltages displayed match the chart above.
The chart below shows the proper combination for each
If there is a problem, try cleaning the reflective tape
image receptor.
and sensors.
Image Receptor IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 7. Repeat for each detector.
18X24 cm Bucky H L L L
Mag. Table L H L L
24X30 cm Bucky H H L L
18X24 cm Casette Holder L L H L
24X30 cm Casette Holder H L H L
Note: H=3.5 to 5.0 VDC; L= 0.5 to 1.5 VDC
To check the voltages:

1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=ON).
2. Select Detector Paddle Voltage Display:
S4=B
X-Ray Generation
MIII-Style Bucky Calibration Verification
IMPORTANT! This procedure is for Linear style CAUTION At the Setup Screen, deselect Auto
Buckys only. M-IV Buckys do not Compression Release. If you do not,
require calibration. when the c-arm rotates the compression
paddle will release and the BEM will fall.
Calibration
1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=On). 8. Rotate the C-Arm to -90.
2. Select Bucky Calibration: (S4=9, S6-8=Off) 9. Set system for: 25 kV, Auto-Time, Large Focal Spot,
Density Compensation Normal
3. Install the Bucky to be calibrated.
10. Place 2 cm BEM on the Bucky and lower the
4. Press S1 on the Host Microprocessor board. compression paddle (30 lbs).
5. Check the LED Display for required adjustment (CW Note The exposure should be between 12 to 20 mAs.
or CCW). OK indicates the Bucky is calibrated. Take sample exposures and adjust the BEM
6. Turn the potentiometer on the Bucky as indicated. thickness as needed.
(Access the potentiometer through the hole on the 11. When the exposure is between 12 and 20 mAs,
underside of the Bucky. develop the film and verify no grid lines are present.
7. Repeat until OK is displayed. 12. Increase the BEM on the Bucky to 4 cm and lower
the compression paddle (30 lbs).
Note The exposure should be between 200 to 350
BEM thickness as needed.
X-Ray Generation
MIII-Style Bucky Calibration
Verification (Continued)
13. When the exposure is between 200 and 350 mAs,
develop the film and verify no grid lines are present.
14. Repeat the Verification procedure with the C-Arm
rotated to +90.
Patient Positioning
Refer to Motor Lamp Control Board Jumper Settings 6. Center a force gauge on the Bucky and cover with a
folded towel.
Compression
7. Install an 18X24 cm compression paddle.
Three compression settings are available:
8. Manually apply force to the paddle until the force
Pre
gauge reads 20 lbs.
Dual
9. Press S1 to record the setting.
Full
10. Press S2 until cfrc40 is displayed.
Note While the compression carriage may be moved
11. Manually apply force to the paddle until the force
manually (by rotating the compression knobs),
gauge reads 40 lbs.
the chain will not engage until compression is ini-
tiated using the motor drive. 12. Press S1 to record the setting.
Force Calibration 13. Release the paddle.
Perform this calibration after replacing the compression 14. Slowly apply force to the paddle and compare the
clutch assembly or the compression drive assembly. force gauge with the Compression Carriage Force
1. Rotate the c-arm to 0. display. Readings should be within the specified
ranges:
Less than 35 lbs: 3 lbs
3. Select Motor Control Calibration (S4=5, S6-8=Off).
More than 35 lbs: 5 lbs
4. Press SELECT (S2) until cfrc20 is displayed (some
older software versions have only one setpoint at 40 15. Release the paddle and repeat for 90 and 180 c-
lbs). arm positions.
5. Install an 18X24 cm Bucky.

Patient Positioning
Compression (Continued)
Thickness Calibration Compression Chain Tension Calibration
1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=On). 1. Remove the cover to the lower compression
carriage.
2. Select Motor Control Calibration (S4=5, S6-8=Off).
3. Press SELECT (S2) until chtxxxx is displayed. Caution Take care not to damage the bellows
when removing the cover.
4. Install an 18X24 cm Bucky and 18X24 cm
compression paddle.
2. Manually move the compression device to the full up
5. Center 5 cm of breast equivalent material (BEM) on position.
the Bucky
3. Loosen the bolts holding the compression chain
6. Manually apply 30 lbs of compression sprocket to the c-arm frame.
7. Press S1 to record the setting. 4. Evenly adjust the sprocket tension screws so the
center chain deflection is about 0.5 in.
8. Release the paddle.
5. Re-tighten the compression chain sprocket bolts.
9. Slowly apply force to the paddle until the
Compression Device displays a thickness of 5 cm. 6. Manually move the compression device fully down
The Compression Thickness display should also then fully up to ensure smooth chain travel.
read 5 cm.
7. Using motorized compression move the
10. Repeat for the Mag Stand. compression device fully down then fully up to
ensure smooth chain travel.
8. Replace the cover.
Patient Positioning
Compression (Continued)
Setting Compression Release Distance The chart below shows the proper combination for each
1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=On). image receptor.
2. Select Motor Control Calibration (S4=5, S6-8=Off). Compression Accessory IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4
3. Press SELECT (S2) to select the release distance 18X24 cm H L L L
(5, 7.5, or 10 cm)
10X10 Spot (Mag) L H L L
4. Return to Normal Mode (S6-4=Off).
10X10 Localization (Perf) H H L L
Note Changes will not take effect until system power is 10X10 Localization (Window) L L H L
cycled.
7.5 cm Rectangular Spot (Mag) L L H H
15X15 cm Spot (Square Mag) L H H L
A strip of reflective/non-reflective tape on each
compression accessory causes each of the four optical 15X15 cm Localization (Perf) H H H L
sensors on the IR Detection board to produce a high 15X15 cm Localization (Window) L L L H
voltage (over the reflective portion of the tape), or low 24X30cm H L L H
voltage (non-reflective).
7.5 cm Contact Spot (Rectangular) L H H H
15X15 cm Contact Spot H H L H
10X10 cm Contact Spot H L H L
Note: H=3.5 to 5.0 VDC; L= 0.5 to 1.5 VDC
Patient Positioning
Compression
Compression Accessory Detection (Continued)
To check the voltages:
1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6-4=ON).
2. Select Detector Paddle Voltage Display (S4=B, S6-
8=Off).
3. Install the 18X24 cm paddle.
4. Press Select (S2) until the first voltage is displayed.
5. Press Select again to display the next voltage.
6. Verify the voltages displayed match the chart above.
7. Repeat for each accessory.
Patient Positioning (Continued)

Motor/Lamp Control 2. Ensure the casette is still 2 cm over the chest wall
edge of the IRSD.
Light Field Brightness Adjustment
Perform this adjustment if the Light Field Check has 3. Adjust the light field:
produced a value of less than 160 lux. To move the entire field to the left or right, loosen
1. Remove the tubehead cover. the screws on the back of the lamp cradle and
move the assembly to the left or right
2. Loosen the two screws holding the lamp socket to
the lamp cradle. To move the entire field to the front or back,
loosen the screws on the side of the lamp cradle
3. Rotate the lamp and lamp socket so the lamp to raise or lower the assembly
filament is parallel to the mirror.
To change the field size, loosen the screws on
4. Tighten the socket screws and replace the tubehead the side of the lamp cradle (opposite the front/
cover. back adjustment screws) and move the assembly
5. Perform the Light Field Check to verify the proper forward or backward.
brightness. 4. Retighten all screws.
If the check still fails, replace the lamp and then 5. Turn on the lamp and check the light field.
perform the check again.
6. Readjust as necessary.
Light Field Alignment
7. Perform the Light Field Alignment Check to verify
Perform this procedure if the Light Field Alignment
proper adjustment.
Check failed.
1. Load the casette and hold the film (developed in the
Light Field Alignment Check) in place with tape.
Power Distribution
Note If a power input power problem is suspected, Connecting Input Power
contact the facilities manager. Also see System- Perform this procedure to match the isolation
Wide Troubleshooting, Note 4. transformer taps to the incoming voltage.
AC Power Distribution 1. Verify the input voltage at the wall outlet (and
Connecting to a Source balanced phases, if necessary).
Connect the source as shown: 2. Turn off the main power switch (at the wall).
3. Disconnect the input power cord from the mains.
EARTH CONDUCTOR
4. Connect the isolation transformer leads for the
appropriate voltage (the 240V connection is shown
PROTECTIVE below as an example).
L N
200V
208V
220V
230V
240V
N
WARNING! Ensure the PROTECTIVE EARTH
CONDUCTOR connection is in place 5. Check line impedance. It should be less than:
before reapplying power.
0.16 ohms (200V)
0.2 ohms (208V-240V)
Power Distribution
Connecting Input Power (Continued)
6. Reconnect the power cord to the mains.
7. Turn on the main power switch.
8. Verify the system operates with a voltage drop of
less than 3% at maximum operating load (large focal
spot at 300 kV). If the voltage drop exceeds this
amount, contact the facilities manager. Also see
System-Wide Troubleshooting, Note 4.
Accessories
ID Flasher
1. Perform the Changing System Default Settings
procedure.
2. Go to the Additional Setup Mode screen.
3. Change the following defaults for the ID Flasher as
necessary:
Flash Time 1
Flash Time 2
Flash Time 3
Auto ID Contrast
Auto ID Offset
4. Test the ID Flasher:
a. Set the system for 25 kV, 3 mAs, Manual, Large
Focal Spot
b. Take an exposure
c. Remove the casette and insert it into the ID
Flasher
d. Develop the film and verify the settings are
correct.
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Component Locations
COMPONENT LOCATIONS
System Overview
Console Keyboard
Removing Covers
Console Covers Removed
Gantry Covers Removed
System Control
Operator Microprocessor
Host Microprocessor
X-Ray Generation
kV Control
mA Control
X-Ray Tubehead
Collimation
Image Reception
Patient Positioning
Compression
C-Arm Motion
Lamp Assembly
Power Distribution
System Overview
Angulation Displays
Open Remove
Tube Head Gantry Console
doors covers
Face Shield
C-Arm
Assembly
E-Stops
Compression Device
Display
Compression Paddle
Bucky
Image Receptor
Support Device
(IRSD) E-Stop
Floppy Drive
(Not Shown)
220 VAC
Input Power Cassette
Storage
Cassette
Foot Switches
Operator
Gantry
Console
Console Keyboard
kV Setting Focal Spot

Keys mAs Setting Select Key
Filter Keys
Select Key Density Film Select
Setting Keys Key
Exposure
Mode Key Compression
Release Key
Power
Clear Key
Exposure
Light
Exposure Exposure
Button Light
Exposure
Cursor Button
Keys
Setup Key
Change Key
Reset Key
Console Keyboard
Removing Covers
Tube Head Cover Removal
Remove the Lower Tubehead
Cover to:
Replace the Collimator lamp
X-Ray/Light field adjustment
Service the Collimatior
assembly, Mirror Assembly,
Filter assembly, Compression
Motor, Tubehead
Microprocessor board,
Tubehead Motor Control
board.
Remove the Upper Tubehead
Cover to:
Service or Replace the X-Ray
Tube 1. Pry off LORAD 2. Remove 2 front 3. Pull lower cover
Service or Replace the cover and remove screws from down and forward to
Tubehead Cooling Fan screws. underneath the remove.
tubehead cover. Note: The Upper Cover
Access the Filament
Protection Board may be removed
independently.
Other Procedures:
Open the gantry doors.
Open the gantry center panels.
Remove console covers.
IRSD Removal
1. Pry off access cap. 2. Unscrew and Optical

remove bolt. Receptors
IRSD TOP 3. Pull horizontally.
Other Procedures:
Open the gantry doors.
Open the gantry center panels.
Remove console covers.
4. Remove four screws to remove cover. 5. Pull cover off IRSD.
Console Covers Removed
Auto ID
Assembly
1. Remove screws 3. Remove screws

from underside of and pull bottom
console. cover down and
forward.
Operator Interface
Microprocessor Board
Low Voltage
Power Supply
Fuses
2. Remove keyboard.
Gantry Covers Removed

To Open Gantry Doors Rotation Display Rotation Display
Board Board
High Voltage
Transformer C-Arm Microprocessor
Board
High Voltage Host
Multiplier Board Microprocessor
O Board
HV Inverter Board
Old Style: Use Philips
screwdriver--Push HV Control
down and turn 1/4 turn. Board
Generator
Microprocessor Board O Motor/Lamp
Control Board
Filament Control
Board
Rotor Control
New Style: Use 7/16"
Hex driver--Turn Board
several turns CCW.
Power Distribution
Board (Not Shown)
Click Here for the Main Power
procedure to open the Board Fuse Board
center panels. (Not Shown)
Isolation Transformer
Fuse Block (Not Shown)
(Not Shown)
System Control
Operator Microprocessor
Operator Interface
Microprocessor Board
Note The system example

shown is a newer style
(i.e., has no hard drive).
Host Microprocessor
Display
Pushbutton Switches
S1, S2, S3, S5
DIP Switch
Rotary Switch S6
S4
DIP Switch
S7
(Not Normally Used)
Show Gantry Location

for this board
X-Ray Generation
kV Control
Red LED indicates

capacitor charge.
Wait at least 5 min.
after it goes out
before servicing.
High Voltage Transformer (Top) HV Inverter Board HV Control Board (Top)

kV Multiplier Board (Bottom) Generator Microprocessor
Show Gantry Location
Board (Bottom)
for these boards
mA Control
Filament Control Board
X-Ray Tubehead
Tubehead with lower

cover removed
X-Ray Tube
Tubehead Motor
Driver Board
Tubehead
Microprocessor
Board
Click here to see

cover removal steps
Rotor Control Board

(in Gantry)
Collimation
Blade Drive Lamp/Mirror Lower
Motor Assembly Tubehead
(Cover
Removed)
Collimator
Assembly
Blade Drive Lamp Wire

Blade Drive Motor
Motor
Notes:
Rotate C-Arm 180 degrees to facilitate working on the
Lamp/Mirror assembly.
Lamp/Mirror assembly must be removed to access lamp.
Ensure all ribbon cables are properly connected after re-
assembly. The lamp wire should not be in close proximity
Blade Drive to the ribbon cables.
Motor
Also, The lamp wire routing shown above is incorrect. It
may interfere with motor-drive ribbon cables. Re-route the
wiring to enter from the side.
To verify proper reassembly (leave cover off):
1. Turn Host Microprocessor Rotary Switch S4 to Position
D (ensure write-protect is on, otherwise cal. values will be
changed).
2. Push S2 to move both RH and MO Filters through full
range of movement. Select RH on the desk to move to
Rhodium position (auto kV mode).
Collimator Assembly (Removed) 3. Ensure wiring in Tubehead moves freely.
Image Reception
IR Microprocessor AEC Detector Bucky Interface
Board Assembly Ribbon Cable Board (Under Wires)
Caution:
You must use a chip extractor
(GE p/n 2306890 to remove IC
chips. Never pry out with a
screwdriver.
Bucky Type
Identifier
HTC Bucky
(Gold Color)
Linear Grid Bucky

(Gray Color)
Caution: Image Receptor Support Device (IRSD)

Bucky grids are easily Rotated with Cover Removed
damaged. Handle with
care.
Patient Positioning
Motor Lamp Control Board
Compression
Tubehead
(Cover Removed) Compression/
Drive Motor
Compression/
Motor/Brake Compression
Height Timing
Compression/ Chain Compression
Drive Chain Height Pot
Compression
Drive (Front)
Compression/
AEC Display
board
Compression
Drive Chain
Compression
Drive
(Right Side)
Compression Accessory Detect Compression Clutch
Force Brake Sensor (Mechanical Torque Limit)
C-Arm Motion
Note:
VTA Motor
Check Limit Switches
Driver
during power-on problems. (Not Shown)
C-Arm
Angulation
Potentiometer
C-Arm Cables
C-Arm Microprocessor
(in Gantry) C-Arm Compression Cable
Connector (Not Shown--Inside of
Pipe
Vertical Limit
Switches
C-Arm
Rotation Limit
Switch
Main Circuit
Breaker (Remove C-Arm Rotation Motor
Gantry Serial cover to check Line Drive
Inside Left Gantry Door Number Location voltage)
(Gantry, Back)
Lamp Assembly
Lamp/Mirror Tube Head
Assembly (Cover
Removed)
Collimator
Mirror Assembly
Filter Drive Lamp Wire

Motor
Lamp Drive Notes:

Motor
Rotate C-arm 180 degrees to facilitate
working on the Lamp/Mirror
Field Size Front/Back Light assembly.
Light Field Field Adjustment Collimator assembly and Lamp/
Adjustment Screws Mirror assembly must be removed to
Screws access lamp. Ensure all ribbon
cables are securely connected after
re-assembly
Also, The lamp wire routing shown
Lamp above is incorrect. It may interfere
Left/Right Light with motor-drive ribbon cables.
Field Adjustment
Screws Re-route the wiring to enter from the
Lamp/Mirror Assembly (Removed) side.
Power Distribution
AC Fuseboard
Gantry DC Power Supply
Power
Distribution
Chassis
Mains Power Board

(in Gantry)
Note: the Fuse Block is not
Note: The Isolation
shown, but is to the right of
Transformer is not
the Mains Power board
shown, but is to the
left of the Power
Distribution Chassis
Bottom of Gantry
(with doors open)
Console Power Supply
Low Voltage Fuses

Power Supply
Console (Cover
Removed)
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Error Codes
ERROR CODES
The following table provides a listing of possible system
errors.
Error Message Source Description Possible Fix
Premature release of Operator Error Operator released exposure switch Wait until exposure is completed
exposure switch prematurely to release switch. Possible bad
switch.
Exposure terminated by Generator MP 500 mAs back-up timer Adjust technique. Verify kV
back-up timer calibration
Calculated exposure time Image Receptor MP Auto time, Auto kV, Auto Filter modes Increase technique
exceeds back-up time
X-ray switches not released Host MP X-ray switches not released after Ensure a switch is not stuck
exposure (check both switches)
X-Ray switch on at powerup Host MP Exposure switch circuit test shorted Ensure a switch is not stuck
(check both switches)
Calculated exposure time is less Image Receptor MP Short Impulse followed by error Check Compression
than available exposure time message Thickness calibration
System Error 20 Rotor Control Open thermal switch or rotor fault Possible thermal overload. Allow 2
hours to cool. Check fuses.
System Error 21 Host MP Soft start without x-ray switch being
pressed
System Error 22 HV Control Tube arc Check diode D19 on the kV

Control board
System Error 23 HV Control Tube overcurrent Check diode D15 on the kV
Control board
System Error 24 HV Control Tube overvoltage Check diode D14 on the kV
Control board
System Error 25 HV Inverter HV inverter overcurrent Check diode D18 on the kV
Control board
System Error 26 HV Inverter HV inverter interlock Reference TP13 and TP27 on the
kV Control Board
System Error 27 mA Control Filament undercurrent/ 1. Check R75 for 247 to 250 mV.
undervoltage. Adjust R87 if necessary. See
Pre-heat level low. notes in Troubleshooting.
2. Check diode D3 on the
Filament Control board
System Error 28 mA Control Filament overvoltage/overcurrent Check diode D3 on the Filament
Control board
System Error 29 mA Control Filament grid voltage out of range Check diode D1 on the Filament
Control board
System Error 30 Image Receptor MP Host data error Host software locked-up
System Error 31 Generator MP Backup timer, hardware Check the IR microprocessor in
Auto mode; Generator processor
in Manual mode
System Error 32 Generator MP Backup timer, software Check IR microprocessor
System Error 33 Generator MP Image receptor error Press Reset and look for other
errors. Check IR Microprocessor
System Error 34 mA Control Focal spot selection fault Check the focal spot relay on the
Filament Control board. Replace
board if necessary.
System Error 35 mA Control Tube current low Check tube current, filaments, and
protective diodes across the
filaments
System Error 50 Image Receptor Image receptor communication error
Control
System Error 51 Bucky or IR Control Bucky fault Check the serial interface
between the Bucky and the IR
processor (error occurs with
System Error 35)
Motion Error 60 CCW Rotation Switch stuck Check tubehead switches
Motion Error 61 CW Rotation Switch stuck Check tubehead switches
Motion Error 62 Collimator Lamp Switch stuck Check tubehead switches
Motion Error 63 Compression Down Switch stuck Check c-arm and foot switches
Motion Error 64 Compression Up Switch stuck Check c-arm and foot switches
Motion Error 65 Compression Switch stuck Check c-arm switch
Release
Motion Error 66 C-Arm Up Switch stuck Check c-arm and foot switches
Motion Error 67 C-Arm Down Switch stuck Check c-arm and foot switches
SLII Motion Error 68 StereoLoc II Stage StereoLoc II out of alignment

Tubehead Error 70 Tubehead Collimator movement fault Check collimator blade
Microprocessor drives
Tubehead Error 71 Tubehead Mirror movement fault Check mirror drive
Microprocessor
Tubehead Error 72 Tubehead Filter movement fault Check filter drive
Microprocessor
Note: Error 70, 71, or 72 can quickly be checked by setting S4 to Position D and pressing S2.
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Functional Checks and Procedures
FUNCTIONAL CHECKS AND PROCEDURES

When do I do these checks and procedures?
List of all Functional Checks and Procedures
After Generator System maintenance:
Exposure Regulation
Reproducibility and Linearity Check (Manual)
Reproducibility (Auto-Time, Auto-kV, Auto-Filter)
After Tubehead maintenance:
Collimation Assessment
System Performance Checks:
Go to Preventive Maintenance Checks.
System Overview Patient Positioning

Gantry Central Section Access Gantry C-Arm Motion
VTA Motor Driver
System Control
Motor/Lamp Control
Operator Interface Microprocessor
Light Field Checks
Host Microprocessor
Collimator Lamp Replacement
X-Ray Generation Collimation
Exposure Regulation Collimation Assessment
Half-Value Layer Test Tubehead Microprocessor
Auto Termination Check Tubehead Motor Driver
Generator Microprocessor Compression
Reproducibility and Linearity Check (Manual) Compression Checks
Image Reception C-Arm Microprocessor
kV Control Compression Accessory Detection
High Voltage Control
Power Distribution
High Voltage Inverter & kV Multiplier
mA Control DC Power Distribution
X-Ray Tube
Rotor Control Accessories
Tube Type and Bias Settings ID Flasher
Image Reception
System Check
Reproducibility (Auto-Time, Auto-kV, Auto-
Filter)
Bucky Interface
M-III Style Bucky
System Overview
Gantry Central Section Access
Access the central section to the gantry for:
Diode bridges D1, D2, D3 (on a plate above the
R5 (Soft-Start resistor)
1. Open both gantry doors.
2. Remove the three phillips-head screws from each
white trim plate on the side of the accordion
assembly.
3. Remove the 4 allen bolts from the accordion
assembly. (Bottom 2 first, behind the base; then the
top 2.)
4. Pivot the assembly to gain access to the central
section of the gantry.
System Control
Operator Interface Microprocessor Host Microprocessor
Check the following test points on the Operator Check the following test points on the Host MP.
Interface Microprocessor.
Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground
Test Point Voltage Ground
TP1 R/W KJ10-2
TP2 +5.2 VDC TP1
TP2 X-ray button KJ10-2
TP3 +12 VDC TP1 TP3 PB RST KJ10-2
TP4 -12 VDC TP1
TP5 RXD0 KJ10-2
TP5 -5 VDC TP1
TP6 TXD0 KJ10-2
TP7 RXD1 KJ10-2
TP8 TXD1 KJ10-2
KJ1-1 +8 VDC KJ10-2
KJ1-3 +20 VDC KJ10-4
KJ1-5 +20 VDC KJ10-4
U9-3 +5 VDC KJ10-2
U10-3 +5 VDC KJ10-2
U11-3 +5 VDC KJ10-4
U12-3 +5 VDC KJ10-2
U37-3 +5 VDC KJ10-2
X-Ray Generation
Exposure Regulation 6. Reposition the probe to center it laterally and about 4
The following procedure verifies x-ray generation and cm from the edge of the chest wall and align the
automatic exposure control. probe perpendicular to the beam axis.
7. Adjust the collimator to narrow the field size to just fit
Half-Value Layer Test
the probe.
Required Tools:
Dosimeter WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps
Type 1100 aluminium filter pack. radiation safety precautions.
Semi-log to record radiation levels.
8. Set the system to:
1. Insert an 18X24 compression paddle upside-down
into the compression carriage. 30 kV
2. Raise the carriage until the paddle is about 1 cm 100 mAs

under the tubehead port. Mo Filter
3. Place a radiation probe about 5 cm above the IRSD. Manual Mode
Caution The probe must be completely within the Large Focal Spot
x-ray field. 9. Take an exposure.
4. Turn on the system. 10. Record the mR level in a semi-log.
5. Press the Light Field button. 11. Place a 0.2 mm sheet of aluminum on the
compression paddle. Use the light field lamp to
ensure the radiation probe is completely blocked out.
X-Ray Generation
Exposure Regulation (Continued)
12. Take another exposure and record the mR level on 1. Position a lead sheet on the IRSD over the AEC
the semi-log. sensors.
13. Place another 0.1 mm sheet of aluminum on the
paddle and take another exposure. Record the mR
level in the semi-log.
14. Continue to take exposures (and record the levels)
with additional sheets of aluminum until the mR level 2. Set the system to:
is one-half the original (no aluminum) reading.
22 kV
15. Plot a line through the points on the semi-log (if the
Manual Mode
points are not linear, create a best-fit path).
Large Focal Spot
16. Plot a point equal to one-half the original (no
aluminum) mR reading and draw a horizontal line Density Compensation, +5
through it across the log.
17. Draw a vertical line through the point where the two
4. Verify the mAs is less than 5 mAs and the following
lines intersect. This is the half-value layer.
message is displayed:
18. Ensure the half-value layer is between 0.033 mm
Calculated Exposure Time Exceeds Maximum
and 0.042 mm.
5. Attempt to take another exposure.
19. Repeat this procedure using Rhodium filter.
6. Verify the system does not generate x-rays.
Auto Termination Check
This check verifies that the system terminates automatic 7. Reset the system and repeat the procedure using 34
exposures after 5 seconds. kV.
X-Ray Generation (Continued)

Generator Microprocessor 3. Turn on the system.
Check the following test points on the Generator 4. Press the Light Field button.
Microprocessor.
5. Position the probe in the middle of the field and align
it perpendicular to the beam axis.
6. Adjust the collimator to narrow the field size to just fit
TP3 +5 VDC TP1
the probe.
AGJ2-1 +10 VDC TP1
Reproducibility and Linearity Check (Manual) generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all
Perform this check to verify the HV Generator and X-ray radiation safety precautions.
tube are operating correctly.
Required Tools:
25 kV
Reproducibility Worksheet
60 mAs
Linearity Worksheet
Mo Filter
10 cm Radiation Probe
Manual Mode
Dosimeter
Large Focal Spot
Reproducibility Test
1. Connect a 10 cm radiation probe to a dosimeter.
9. Record the mR reading on the Reproducibility
2. Set for mR and position it so it can be read from worksheet.
behind the radiation shield.
X-Ray Generation
Generator Microprocessor
Reproducibility and Linearity Check (Continued)
10. Change the kV and mA technique randomly and Manual Mode
then return the system settings to 25 kV, 60 mAs.
Large Focal Spot
11. Take an exposure and record the mR reading on the
15. Take an exposure and record the mR reading on the
Reproducibility worksheet.
Reproducibility worksheet for the following mAs:
12. Repeat until a total of 10 exposures are taken.
20, 60, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500
13. Perform the calculations as indicated on the
16. Perform the calculations as indicated on the
worksheet.
worksheet.
If the coefficient of variation is greater than 0.05 mR,
If the result for any pair is greater than 0.10, repeat
repeat the test. If it still fails, perform Generator or
the test. Of it still fails, perform Generator or X-ray
X-ray tube calibrations.
tube calibrations.
Linearity Test.
17. Repeat the Linearity check using the small focal
spot.

25 kV
Mo Filter

kV Control Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground
High Voltage Control TP15 +20 VDC TP24
Check the following test points on the High Voltage TP16 CLAMP TP24
Control board.
TP18 KV PROG TP24
Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground TP19 R +15 VDC TP24
TP1 OV 0 TP24 TP20 +5 VDC TP17
TP2 INV OC SET TP24 TP21 +10 VDC TP17
TP3 kV SEN TP24 TP22 -15 VDC TP24
TP4 mA SEN TP24 TP23 +15 VDC TP24
TP5 INV1 TP24 TP26 mA fb TP24
TP6 Vfb TP24 TP27 HV FAULT INLK TP17
TP7 kV ERR TP24 TP28 VREF TP24
TP8 SM SET TP24 TP29 +12.5 VDC TP24
TP9 LG SET TP24 TP30 BACKUP TP17
TP10 B DRV TP24

TP11 TUBE 1 TP24
TP12 A DRV TP24
TP13 SHUT DN TP24
TP14 -20 VDC TP24
X-Ray Generation
High Voltage Inverter & kV Multiplier
Check the following test points on the High Voltage
Inverter & kV Multiplier board.
TP1 LIS CLAMP TP7

TP4 +10 VDC TP7
TP5 INV DRV B TP7
TP6 CLAMP V TP2
TP9 INV DRV B TP7
TP10 OVER 1 TP2
TP12 PRIMARY B TP7

mA Control Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground
Check the following test points on the mA Control board. TP17 SM OC SET TP7
TP18 GRID MONITOR TP7
TP20 -15 VDC TP7
TP1 LIS CLAMP TP7
TP21 FB TP7
TP2 +10 VDC TP3
TP22 GATE DRV TP7
TP3 INV DRV B TP3
TP23 +25 VDC TP19
TP4 CLAMP V TP7
TP24 FIL 1 MON TP7
TP5 INV DRV B TP7
TP25 FIL 1 TP7
TP6 OVER 1 TP7
TP26 FIL 1 ADJ TP7
TP8 OV SET TP7
TP27 GRID UV TP7
TP9 ERR OUT TP7
TP28 GRID OV TP7
TP10 INV 1 TP7
TP29 FIL V TP7
TP11 GRID PRGM TP7
TP30 RAMP TP7
TP12 GRID FB TP7
TP31 FIL 1 MON TP7
TP13 +15 VDC TP7
TP32 12.5 VDC TP7
TP14 OC FAULT TP7
TP33 V REF (5.1) TP7
TP15 OV FAULT TP7
TP34 GRID V TP7
TP16 LG OC SET TP7
X-Ray Generation
Check the following test points on the Filament
Protection Board
TP1 TSTPT GRID TP2

TP2 TSPT mA TP3
TP4 TSTPT SM TP2
TP5 TSTPT LG TP2

X-Ray Tube Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground
Rotor Control TP19 RAMP TP12/TP21
Check the following test points on the Rotor Control TP20 +5 VDC TP12/TP21
board.
TP22 +15 VDC TP12/TP21
Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground TP23 INV O.C. ADJ TP12/TP21
TP1 FIL PROGRAM TP7 TP25 PHASE TP24
TP2 +10 VDC TP7 TP26 MAIN TP24
TP4 +5 VDC TP7 TP27 FREQ SENSE TP12/TP21
TP5 +20 VDC TP7 TP28 FILTERED FREQ TP12/TP21
TP6 -20 VDC TP6

TP9 GATE DRV D TP12/21
TP10 INV DRV A TP12/TP21
TP11 INV DRV B TP12/TP21
TP13 INV DRV C TP12/TP21
TP14 INV DRV D TP12/TP21
TP15 -15 TP12/TP21
TP16 RAIL SENSE TP12/TP21
TP17 RPM TP12/TP21
TP18 ISO +15 DR TP12/TP21
X-Ray Generation
X-Ray Tube (Continued)
Tube Type and Bias Settings
Check the following test points on the Filament Control
Board
Test Point Adjust Toshiba Varian 0 and 1 Varian 1A
Small Filament OC TP17 R45 4.3 VDC 6.0 VDC 4.8 VDC
Large Filament OC TP16 R46 4.3 VDC 6.0 VDC 4.8 VDC
Filament OV TP8 R20 10.0 VDC 12.5 VDC 11.0 VDC
Note Varian types 0 and 1 are labeled M113; Type 1A is labeled M113-1A
Check the following test points on the High Voltage

Control board.
Test Point Adjust Voltage
Small Filament OC TP8 R33 1.8 VDC

Large Filament OC TP9 R32 6.0 VDC
Inverter TP2 R3 8.5 VDC
Filament OV TP1 R6 11.0 VDC

Image Reception Test Point Voltage Ground
Check the following test points on the IR Microprocessor. TP16 POS3 TP23
TP17 POS4 TP23
TP18 POS5 TP23
TP1 ACC TP23
TP19 POS6 TP23
TP2 DET4 TP23
TP20 POS7 TP23
TP3 DET3 TP23
TP21 +8 VDC TP23
TP4 DET2 TP23
TP24 POS2 TP23
TP5 -DET1 TP23
TP25 -20 VDC TP22
TP6 BUSY TP23
TP26 +20 VDC TP22
TP7 AOUT TP23
TP27 POS STB TP23
TP8 CLK TP23
TP28 SCK TP23
TP9 SAMPLE TP23
TP29 READY TP23
TP10 CAL TP23
TP11 DATA TP23
TP12 R/W TP23
TP13 AUTO TP23
TP14 EXP TP23
TP15 POS1 TP23
X-Ray Generation
Image Reception (Continued)
System Check Reproducibility check
1. Install the Bucky and insert a loaded casette. 1. Install the Bucky.
2. Center 4 cm of BEM (or PMMA) over the exposure 2. Insert an unloaded casette.
detectors.
3. Center 4 cm of BEM (or PMMA) over the exposure
WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps detectors.
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all 4. Position the probe over the front-center AEC
radiation safety precautions. detector on the IRSD.
3. Expose the film using normal site operating 5. Adjust the collimator to narrow the field size to just fit
procedures (mode, kV, mA). the probe.
4. Check the film for optical density and artifacts. WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps
Correct as necessary. generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all
Reproducibility (Auto-Time, Auto-kV, Auto-Filter)
Perform this check to verify the AEC system is operating 6. Set the system to:
correctly. 25 kV
Required Tools: Mo Filter
Reproducibility Worksheet Auto Mode
10 cm Radiation Probe Large Focal Spot
Dosimeter
X-Ray Generation
Image Reception
Reproducibility (Continued)
7. Take 10 exposures and record the mR reading for Bucky Interface
each exposure on the Reproducibility worksheet. Check the following test points on the Bucky Interface
8. Perform the calculations as indicated on the board.
worksheet.
If the coefficient of variation is greater than 0.05 mR,
repeat the test. If it still fails, perform AEC TP2 MISO TP1
calibrations. TP3 DRV TP1
9. Repeat the procedure in Auto-kV and Auto-Filter TP4 HOME TP1
modes.
TP5 END TP1
TP6 HV TP1
TP7 MOSI TP1
X-Ray Generation
M-III Style Bucky 6. Take an exposure.
Perform this check to verify the M-III Style Bucky is 7. Verify the mAs is between 12 mAs and 200 mAs.
properly calibrated.
Add BEM to increase mAs; remove BEM to
Note Use the same Bucky, cassette, and film type for decrease mAs, if necessary.
all exposures.
8. Take another exposure to verify mAs are correct.
1. Install the 18X24 cm Bucky.
9. Insert a loaded casette.
2. Place 2 cm BEM (or PMMA) on the Bucky.
3. Install an 18X24 cm paddle and compress the BEM.
Verify gridlines are not present.
4. Rotate the c-arm to -90 degrees.
11. Repeat this procedure using 4 cm BEM
WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps Verify the mAs are between 250 and 350-if they are
generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all not, add or remove BEM.
12. Repeat this procedure with the c-arm rotated to +90
5. Set the system to: degrees.
25 kV 13. Repeat this procedure for the 24X30 cm Bucky.
Mo Filter
Auto Mode
Large Focal Spot
Density Compensation, Normal
Patient Positioning
Collimation Assessment 20 kV
Perform this procedure to verify: 20 mAs
X-Ray Beam Alignment 9. Take an exposure.
Light Field 10. Process the films from both the large and small
Collimation Buckys.
Film
Label
1. Install an 18X24 Bucky on the IRSD.
2. Load the Bucky with film.
Reference Reference
3. Place a 24X30 Bucky (loaded with film) over the top Coin Coin
of the small Bucky. Then offset the large Bucky 1 in. Paddle Paddle
Coin Coin
over the front edge of the small Bucky and tape the
large Bucky in place.
Large Bucky Film Small Bucky Film
4. Turn on the collimator light.
5. Place a piece of paper on top of the large Bucky to 11. Orient the small film on the light box with the marker
enhance the lightfield contrast. in the upper right corner.
6. Place coins in the positions indicated. 12. Use the marker coin to orient the large film in the
same way.
7. Tape a coin to the front edge of the compression
paddle. Use a wall or other flat surface to make sure 13. Check the small film for cutoff.
the front edge of the paddle and the coin are flush. 14. Place the small film over the large film and align the
8. Set the system for: paddle edge coins.
Patient Positioning
Collimation Assessment (Continued)
15. Draw a line across the coins on the large film with
the edge of the small film.
16. Measure from the line to the edge of the exposure.
The distance must be 4.5 mm (2.0 mm).
17. Draw lines across the meeting points of the coins.
18. Measure from the line to the edge of the exposure.
Left + Right must be less than 13 mm (2%)
Front + Back must be less than 13 mm (2%).

Tubehead Microprocessor Tubehead Motor Driver
Check the following test points on the Tubehead Check the following test points on the Tubehead Motor
Microprocessor board. Driver board.
Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground
TP1 D2ACLK TP41 TP9 LTA TP34

TP2 D2AIN TP41 TP10 LTB TP34
TP3 FILTER TP41 TP12 LTM TP36
TP4 MIRROR TP41 TP13 RTM TP36
TP5 REAR TP41 TP15 RTA TP34
TP6 FRONT TP41 TP16 RTB TP34
TP7 RIGHT TP41 TP17 FTM TP36
TP8 LEFT TP41 TP19 FTA TP34
TP40 VCC TP41 TP20 FTB TP34
TP42 R/W TP41 TP21 RM TP36
TP23 RA TP34
TP24 RB TP34
TP25 MM TP36
TP27 MA TP34
TP28 MB TP34
Patient Positioning
Tubehead Motor Driver (Continued)
TP29 FLM TP36

TP31 FLA TP34
TP32 FLB TP34
TP33 +8V P8 TP34
TP35 -20V N20 TP36
TP37 +20V p20 TP36
TP38 FLH TP34
TP39 MH TP34
TP40 RH TP34
TP41 FTH TP34
TP42 RTH TP34
TP43 LTH TP34

Compression Checks gear and clutch body are slipping, replace the
clutch.
Use this procedure to check the compression system for
proper operation. If it is not the clutch, reapply compression and
observe the compression brake. If the brake is
Check for proper compression and holding:
slipping, check for 90 VDC. If the voltage is there,
1. Install an 18X24 Bucky on the IRSD. replace the brake.
2. Install an 18X24 compression paddle. c. If it does not rotates during the backoff, the
problem may be with either the compression
3. Cover the Bucky with a folded cloth.
chain tension calibration, loose set-screws on
4. Enable the compression drive with one footswitch, the compression motor assembly, or the
then test with the other footswitch. compression motor brake.
5. Apply compression until the paddle stops. To check for loose set screws, remove the
6. Release the footswitch and verify the paddle does compression carriage cover, and pulse the motor.
not back off. If it does: Rotate until the set screws are visible. Tighten
the screws against the flat part of the shaft and
a. Reapply full compression with the footswitch and apply loc-tite.
observe the handwheel as the paddle backs off.
Note Retightening the set screws may not per-
b. If it rotates during backoff, the problem may be manently fix the problem. If the drive starts
with either the compression clutch or the slipping again, replace the compression
compression force brake. drive (later versions have larger and stron-
To check, remove the cover of the compression ger set screws.)
carriage and apply full motorized compression
and then full manual compression. If the clutch
Patient Positioning
Compression Check (Continued)
Finally check the motor brake for 90 VDC. If the
voltage is present and the chain still slips through
the motor drive assembly, replace the brake.
7. Turn the handwheel (apply manual compression)
until compression stops and the handwheel slips.
8. Verify the paddle does not back off.

C-Arm Microprocessor Compression Accessory Detection
Check the following test points on the C-Arm Check the following test points on the Compression/AEC
Microprocessor board. Position Display Board
TP1 VCC TP2 TP3 FORCE US-4

TP3 CLK TP2 TP4 -12 VDC US-4
TP4 SEL TP2 TP5 +12 VDC US-4
TP5 MISO TP2 TP6 +5 VDC US-4
TP6 MOSI TP2
TP7 CAD1 TP2
TP8 CAD2 TP2
TP9 CAD3 TP2
TP10 CAD4 TP2

Gantry C-Arm Motion Motor/Lamp Control
Check the following test points on the Rotation Display Check the following test points on the Motor/Lamp
board Control board.
TP1 +10 VCC U2-8 TP10 HIPO 1 TP36

TP11 HOPI 1 TP36
VTA Motor Driver
TP12 HIPO 2 TP36
Check the following test points on the VTA Motor Driver
board. TP13 HOPI 2 TP36
TP14 DATA TP36
TP15 CLOVK TP36
VJ7-1 +10 VDC TP8 TP16 SEL 1 TP36
VJ7-3 +20 VDC TP8 TP17 SEL 2 TP36
WJ6-1 +90 VDC TP8 TP18 SEL 3 TP36
WJ12-1 120 VAC TP8 TP19 SEL 4 TP36
TP20 TOWER DOWN TP36
TP21 TOWER UP TP36
TP22 COMPRESSION RELEASE TP36
TP23 COMPRESSION N TP36
TP24 COME UP TP36
Patient Positioning
Gantry C-Arm Motion
Motor/Lamp Control (Continued)
TP25 COLLIMATOR LAMP TP36 TP52 COMP MOTOR + TP36

TP26 ROTATE RIGHT TP36 TP57 CMP SW # TP36
TP27 ROTATE LEFT TP36 TP58 CMP SW TP36
TP34 LOWER TWR LIMIT SW TP36 TP60 STR ADJ TP36
TP35 TOP TWR LIMIT SW TP36 CJ26-1 +10 VDC TP36
TP39 STEREO LOC POT TP36 CJ26-3 +20 VDC TP36
TP40 COL LAMP TP36 CJ26-5 -20 VDC TP36
TP41 COL LAMP RET TP36
TP42 C-ARM ANGLE POT TP36
TP43 COMP HEIGHT TP36
TP44 COMP FORCE TP36
TP47 COMP MOTOR TP36
TP48 +5V LOGIC TP36
TP49 +5V DISPLAY TP36
TP50 +12 VDC TP36
TP51 -12 VDC TP36
Patient Positioning
Gantry C-Arm Motion (Continued)
Light Field Checks Alternatve Method - Alignment Check
Perform the following procedures to verify the brightness 1. Install the 24X30 cm Bucky.
and alignment of the light field.
2. Insert a loaded casette and then pull the casette out
Required Tools: so the front edge of the casette is 2 cm over the
Light Meter Probe chest wall edge of the IRSD.
Lux Conversion Chart (One should be supplied with 3. Turn on the light field switch and reduce the light field
the meter) to 18X24 cm.
Brightness Check 4. Mark the edges of the light field by taping down
straight pieces of wire on the Bucky.
1. Center the light probe in the lower-left quadrant of
the IRSD. WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps
2. Record the light reading with the lamp OFF. generate x-rays. Be sure to follow all
3. Record the light reading with the lamp ON.
4. Convert the light readings to lux values. 5. Set system for:
5. Subtract the OFF lux value from the ON lux value. Manual Mode
6. Repeat for the remaining three quadrants. 25 kV
The difference between the two values in each 10 mAs

quadrant should be greater than 160 lux. If a value is Large Focal Spot
less than that, perform the Light Field Check.
Patient Positioning
Gantry C-Arm Motion
Light Field Checks (Continued)
7. Carefully remove the casette without moving the 5. Position the probe near the center of the upper right
Bucky. quadrant so the center of the probe is 3 mm from the
center of the light field edge.
8. Develop the film and examine the edges of the film.
6. Collimate the light probe so about 1 square
The white marks left by the wire should be within
centimeter near the center is visible.
0.65 cm of the edge of the film on each side. If the
marks are outside of that range, perform the Light 7. Press the light field button.
Field Check procedure.
8. Record the light field value (IN).
Edge Contrast Check
9. Move the probe (and filter) 3 mm away from the light
Required Tools: field.
Light Detector 10. Press the light field button and record the value
(OUT).
Light Meter
11. Calculate:
Aluminum Filter with (1mm diameter aperture)
AMB - IN = DIFF1
1. Turn off the room lights.
AMB - OUT = DIFF2
2. Position the light probe in the center of the IRSD.
DIFF1/DIFF2 = CR (Contrast Ratio)
3. Place the aluminum filter on the probe with the
aperture centered on the probe. The contrast ratio must be greater than 4.
4. Record the ambient light reading (AMB). 12. Repeat for the other three edges of the light field.

Collimator Lamp Replacement 4. Replace the lamp in the Filter/Mirror assembly.
Required Parts:
Important Do not touch the lamp. Use rubber
Lamp: FCS 24V 150W (GE p/n 2217474-2) gloves when installing the lamp. If the
1. Remove the lower Tubehead cover. lamp is accidently touched, clean it with
an alcohol prep pad.
2. Remove Collimator assembly (lower Tier).
a. Remove 6 bottom screws (3 right, 3 left). 5. Re-install the Collimator and Filter/Mirror
assemblies.
b. Lower assembly.
Note The assembly will still be attached by rib- Important Carefully check all cabling and
connectors when reassembling. Make
bon cables. A small compression paddle
lined with a towel or cloth can be raised to sure they are secure and do not interfere
support the assembly. with moving parts.
3. Remove the Filter/Mirror assembly (upper tier). 6. Perform a Light to X-Ray Adjustment check and
a. Remove 6 bottom screws (3 right, 3 left). adjust if necessary.
b. Lower the assembly (with cables attached) next 7. Re-install the Tubehead cover.
to the Collimator assembly on the compression 8. Take a test exposure to verify normal system
paddle (use a cloth to separate the assemblies, operation and that no error codes are displayed.
so they dont scratch each other).
Note If error codes 70, 71, or 72 are displayed, re-
check all tubehead cabling and connections.
Power Distribution
AC Power Distribution DC Power Distribution
Check the following test points on the AC Power Check the following test points on the +/-15 Power
Distribution board Supply Board
TP1 +24 VDC TP8 TP1 -15 VDC TP2/TP6

TP2 +24 VDC TP8 TP3 +15 VDC TP2/TP6
TP6 LINE VOLTAGE TP8 TP4 ROTATE C-ARM TP2/TP6
TP8 PULSE TP8 TP5 ROTATE C-ARM TP2/TP6
Check the following test points on the Power Distribution

Board
Caution System Power must be off to perform the
following resistance tests Test Point Voltage/Signal Ground
TP1 +525 VDC TP11

Test Point Resistance Ground
TP2 +22 VDC TP11
TP3 Less than 5 ohms TP8
TP3 +28 VDC TP11
TP4 +22 VDC TP11
TP5 +16/+40 VDC TP11
TP6 12 VAC TP11
TP7 32 VAC TP11
Power Distribution
DC Power Distribution (Continued)
TP8 +20 VDC TP11

TP9 -20 VDC TP11
TP10 +10 VDC TP11
Accessories
ID Flasher c. Remove the casette and insert it into the ID
Flasher
Replacement
d. Develop the film and verify the settings are
1. Lift the keyboard panel from the top of the Operator
correct.
Console and set it vertically behind the display.
2. Remove the front panel from the console.
3. Remove the console display.
4. Remove the 4 nuts holding the ID Flasher.
5. Remove the plastic bezel from the console slot.
6. Disconnect the cables.
7. Connect cables to the new ID flasher.
8. Replace the plastic bezel in the slot.
9. Set the new ID flasher in place and tighten the 4
nuts.
10. Replace console covers.
11. Power up the system and test the ID Flasher:
a. Set the system for 25 kV, 3 mAs, Manual, Large
Focal Spot
b. Take an exposure
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Logic and Block Diagrams
LOGIC AND BLOCK DIAGRAMS

System Control
Host Microprocessor
X-ray Generation
Overview
kV Control
Collimation
Image Reception
mA Control
Rotor Control
Patient Positioning
Overview
Compression
Gantry C-Arm Rotation Motion
Gantry C-Arm Vertical Motion
Collimator Light
Power Distribution
AC Fuse Board
Power Supply Interconnect Board
Power Distribution Board
System Control
TB2 TJ3
X-RAY LV Power Supply 5 VDC, 12 VDC
Switch LEDs
X-Ray
VJ1 UJ2 Buzzer
COMPRESSION
X-RAY X-Ray Serial UJ1
RELEASE TJ12
Connection P3 J3
X-Ray Serial Conn.
& Comp. Release
Switch LEDs Switch
TJ3
Printer
Right X-Ray TEST POINTS
POWER
Switch
TJ5 TP5 (LED D8) = -5 VDC
On Off EL TJ19 TP4 (LED D7) = -12 VDC
Power On/Off Signal Display
Left X-Ray VJ2 to Mains Power Board (ABJ1) TP3 (LED D6) = +12VDC
Switch TJ6
Keyboard TP2 (LED D5) = +5 VDC
TP1 = GND
Hard TJ2
Drive
Floppy TJ1
E-Stop Drive
Switch
TJ8 TJ9 Serial KJ8
Auto-ID J2 J1
Auto-ID
Contrast Adj. Host
Auto-ID TJ10
Backlight
R146
S1
MP
Reset
E-Stop Cassette
Switch Switch
TJ11
Operator Interface
Microprocessor
ABJ1 Mains
Power
Console Gantry
Host Microprocessor
KJ7
To BR2
KJ2 DSM HV Enable
Display
KJ9 AGJ7
S1 S2 S3 S5
X-Ray Enable To
E F1
LPP1 IR Microprocessor
D 2 KJ3 ABJ1
C 3
B 4
A 5
8 7 6
S4
KJ1 From ACJ4
20, +8 VDC Power Distribution
TP2 X-Ray Button
KJ25 To FJ1
U45 IR Microprocessor
S6
U38
UART KJ24 To CJ5
Motor/Lamp Control
KJ23 To AGJ5
Serial Generator Microprocessor
KJ22 To DJ14
TJ9 Serial KJ8 S7 Serial Tubehead Motor Driver
J2 J1
Operator KJ21 To AEJ5

U5
Interface RAM &
U4 Serial C-Arm Microprocessor
EPROM
Timekeeper
To FJ2
KJ12
IR Microprocessor
Host (Through BR2)
7805 7815
Microprocessor
Console Gantry
X-Ray Generation
Overview
NJ3 PJ2
Inverter
FJ5 FJ11 AGJ8 Board
AEC Detect BR1 BR1
AGJ3 NJ1
Board Transformer
X-Ray Switch FJ7
IR Accessory
Board
TJ12
FJ4
IR
BR3
Bucky Microprocessor NJ2 J12
Interconnect HV Control kV Multiplier
Bucky FJ1
Board Board
Detector BR1
BR1
KJ25 NJ4 T1
TJ9 Serial KJ8

AltJ2
KJ9 AGJ7
AGJ4 AHJ4 AHJ3 XJ1 Filament

Filament Protect
Operator Control Board Board
Microprocessor
Grid
Filament Com.
R Filament
L Filament
XJ2
KJ23 AGJ5
MJ1
Host Generator AGJ1 MJ4 Rotor Phase

Rotor Main
Microprocessor Microprocessor Rotor Control Rotor Common X-Ray
Board P1 Tube
KJ22
Console DJ15
DJ8
Mirror/Filter
DJ5 J12 From Motor/Lamp Controller CJ21
Board Collimator Light
DJ2
DJ3
DJ10 Collimator
DJ12 Motors
Tubehead
Motor Driver DJ13 NP13 Tubehead
Gantry Board Microprocessor
kV Control
TP2
NJ1
R3
26 To AGJ3
Inverter Generator 4
Overcurrent U10
Set 22 Processor
PJ2 NJ3
TP27 NJ2
TP10 2 2 HV FAULT
Inverter
Overcurrent INTERLOCK
4
HV Control Board
NJ1 BR1 T4
TP19 (+15 VDC) NJ3 PJ2 T1 PJ3 PTB1 GND Reference &
K1 SSR X-Ray Button Q1, Q2
40 TP11 HV Fault Interlock
(Solid State Relay) XRAY BUTTON INTERLOCK
PWM B
Q2-Q3 Drivers 7 7 2 A T8
TP13 13 TP12 Inv A Out
PWM 14 TP10
HV ENABLE Shutoff 9 Drive B Q3, Q4
From AGJ3 20 U18 TP9 T3
TP12
on Generator TP18 kV Ref Inv B Out
11 Drive A
Microprocessor Ref: 10V=40kV Q4-Q5 Drivers 8 8 1 B T5 kV Feedback
U6
24 5 TP7 PWM
kV Error 2 4-Stage
1 - 16 U12 D/A
Q7, Q8 Multiplier
6 U4B
TP3 kV Sense
Comparator
TP5 (1 of 4)
Ref: 1V=8kV PWM A T2
TP4
29 - 38 U17 A/D kV Test
1 U3A Q5, Q6
T2 TP8 Well
7 CAP VOLTAGE FEEDBACK
R44 10 10
From NJ2 T1
TP23
Multiplier +320V
Board Other Test Points D14 kV Out to
TP6 Capacitor Charge
Terminals kV Feedback X-Ray Tube
TP20 = +5 VDC
5 TP23 = +15 VDC
U3A TP22 = -15 VDC 2
R18 kV Cal. Pot.
TP21 = +10 VDC T7
TP15 = +20 VDC
TP14 = -20 VDC
3 mAs
Tube Current Feedback
TP17 = DGND Test
TP24 = AGND
HV Jack
HV Control Board HV Inverter Board Transformer HV Multiplier Board To NJ2-1

HV Control
Board
kV Feedback
Collimation
ANP13 DJ13 DJ15
1 From/to
53 53 Serial Communication to KJ22 on
to to 8 Host Microprocessor
60 60
DJ1
TP43
U1 3 3
Control and Data Bus HOME 1 Home
to to 4
MP Sensor
16 16
TP9 DJ2
17 17 Eraseable/Programmable Logic Device
(EPLD) Address and Data Bus DIR A
to to 3
TP10
45 45 Left
DIR B Encoder
4 Motor
TP10
50 50
U7 LEFT MOTOR
1
D/A
DJ14 DJ11
TP42
TP37
+20V HOME 2 Home
3 +20V
4 Sensor
TP35 TP15 DJ12

-20V DIR A
5 -20V 3
TP16
Right
DIR B Encoder
4 Motor
Tubehead +5V K1 Q1 U12
TP13
RIGHT MOTOR
1
Microprocessor D/A
Board TP41
DJ4
HOME 3 Home
4 Sensor
TP33
1 +10V TP19 DJ3

DIR A
TP20
3
TP34
Front
DIR B Encoder
4 Motor
TP17
2
U8 FRONT MOTOR
1
D/A
TP36
DJ9
TP40
4
HOME 4 Home
4 Sensor
TP23 DJ10
DIR A
TP24
3
Rear
DIR B Encoder
4 Motor
TP21
U11 REAR MOTOR

1
D/A
DJ7
TP39
HOME 5 Home
4 Sensor
TP27 DJ8
DIR A
TP28
3
Mirror
DIR B Encoder
4 Motor
TP25
U10 MIRR MOTOR

1
D/A
DJ6
TP38
HOME 6 Home
4 Sensor
TP31 DJ5
DIR A
TP32
3
Filter
DIR B Encoder
4 Motor
TP29
U9 FILT MOTOR
1
D/A
Tubehead Motor Driver Board
Image Reception
+5V +5V +5V +5V +5V +5V +5V +5V
D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9
ACC1 ACC2 ACC3 ACC4 AUTO EXPOSURE HV CASSETTE
ENABLE ENABLE
U29
LED Driver
AFJ1 FJ7
Photo-
Diode 2 2 Q3
Photo-
Diode 4 4 Q2
Photo- U28
6 6 Q1
Diode
Accessory
Photo- 8 8 Q4 Detection
Diode Circuit
9 9
7 7 U26
TP29 FJ4
5 5 U23 READY READY
1
3 3 TP30
MOSI MOSI
2
TP28
IR Accessory Clock Clock
3
Detect Board Note:

HV ENABLE may be called
GRID IN MOTION or HOME
AGJ8 FJ11
TP13 TP31 U9 HV ENABLE
HTC Bucky
Auto Exp. Mode 4
1 1
TP14 U1
U4 Exposure Enable MISO
3 3 TP32
U26
Image 6
Reception
Generator
Micro-
Processor
5 5
Auto kV 1
Auto kV 2
Micro-
Processor 5
Bucky Interface Board
7 7
Auto kV 3 +5V
9 9
TP33
TP15
Photo- Pos. 1 CASSETTE
Generator Diode
TP24
8
Standard
MP Board Photo-
Diode
Pos. 2
HTC SELECT Bucky

TP16 82
Photo- Pos. 3 7
Note:
Diode HTC SELECT may be
TP17 U3, U10 called M4/M3 BUCKY
Photo- Pos. 4
Diode AEC
Position TP9
FJ5
TP18
Pos. 5 Detection Sample
Photo- Circuit 14
Diode
U30
TP19 TP8
Photo- Pos. 6 Clock
Erasable 15 Photo- Photo- Photo-
Diode Programming Diode Diode Diode
Ribbon
TP20 Logic Device TP11
AEC Serial Data Cable
Photo- Pos. 7
Diode
16
TP27 TP7
Q5
Position LEDs
4
AEC Detector Gain
17 AEC Detector Board
FJ8
AEC Position 1
1 FJ2 KJ12
AEC Position 2
2 IR Reset
To HJ5 on AEC Position 3
3 U45 U1
AEC Pos. AEC Position 4
4 U27
Display AEC Position 5 Host
5 FJ1 KJ25 Micro-
Board AEC Position 6
6 RS-242 Serial Communication Processor
7
AEC Position 7 U45
Page 1 of 2
IR Microprocessor Board Host MP Board
Image Reception, continued
C-Arm
ARJ3 Connector AJJ2
ARJ2
TP7
MOSI MOSI MOSI
2 U4 10 3 4
TP2 AJJ1
MISO MISO MISO
6 11 2 5
TP3 1
Drive/Clock CLK U8
6 7 8 Motor
TP5 Motor Driver
End/Cassette CASSETTE U6 6
5 8 9 +5V
TP6
Micro-
HV Enable Grid Motion/ HV Enable Controller 2
U5 9 4 6
End Cassette
From FJ4 on 8
5
IR Microprocessor
Clock Encoder
Board 3 U5 TP4
Home/Ready READY
4
4 9 3
Drive 3
U3 D/A
U1
+5V Home
Sensor
HTC Select
Q1
7
K1 1 2 3 4
HTC Bucky
HTC Select
Select/Ready 5 6 7 8
1 U4
4
Home/HV Enable
9 10 11 12 OR
Bucky Interface Board (Patient Side View)
C-Arm
ARJ3 Connector J1 Motor
Drive/Clock Drive
6 7 6
R3
End/Cassette END End Bucky
5 8 4 Drive
Sensor
Adjust
Home/Ready HOME
4 9 5 Home
Sensor
Standard Bucky
Page 2 of 2
mA Control
D1
Grid Fault Fault Detection Circuit
U5, U7, U8, U13
(80% to 120% = OK
<80% or >120% = Fault)
AHJ4
GRID FAULT
from AHJ4 TP12
Pin 26 (TP12 =TP11)
TP31
1 Filament Current
U13 Monitor
2 NJ2 XJ1 XJ2
3 TP11
Grid Prgm Filament Common Filament Common Filament Common
4 U6 (1V = 14V) Variable R75 R74 3 3 3
5 Power Supply Grid Grid Grid To X-Ray
14 4 4 4
6 D/A Small Filament Small Filament Tube
U16 2 2 2
7 Large Filament Large Filament
1 1 1
8 TP2 TP1 TP4 TP5
K1
9
10 TP1 U15A 8.2V
Solid State TP9 1.6V 1.6V
11 Fil Ref/DAC#
U3 (~3.6V = 1 DAC#) Relay (SSR) Fil/mA
12 24 Regulation TP22
2 Gate Drive 8.2V
13 D/A AHJ2
14 U8B
6 Q3
R1 TP3
15 1
6
To/From AGJ4 16 Fil/mA 10 Ohms
on the Generator 23 U9 1 Watt
Microprocessor 35 Serial 5 U2 U12A
+25V
1 PWM
Board Data TP26 XJ3 XJ4
A/D T1
Filament Current To
To Fault Detection Adjust 1 1 Collimator
Circuit R87 3 Lamp/Fan
Grid Fault
26 2
Filament Over Voltage
SHUT DOWN
From XJ6
27 Filament Over Current 1 ACJ10 To
28 Filament Enable Power 3 Lamp/Fan
U7D
30 Distribution 1 (May not be Used)
TP24 Board
XJ5
To
3 1 Tube Temp
Small/Large Select U15B
U12D U10D
4 Sensor
24
Q4 Solid State
13
2
Relay (SSR) 3
(May not be Used)
+2.5V TP15 R20
-
Small/Large Sense
+
D22
Large
Large Small
Filament
Overvoltage
Fault (1V = 1V)
TP8
U5
D3
Filament
Over Voltage
Filament Protect Board
Filament R44 R45 TP14 Filament Overvoltage
40 Overcurrent Fault Set
+2.5V Overcurrent U13C (1V = 1A) 9
+
- Set
D21 7
Small D2 TP4 NJ1
Filament U10C Filament NJ2 TP11 mA Sense
Over Current From U3B U2B (1V=40 mA) To AGJ3 on
U16
29
HV Multiplier 1 1 the Generator
to
Board A/D Microprocessor
38 Board
R20
mA Cal mA Cal U7A
Filament Control Board

NJ4
1V = 1mA
1
HV Control Board
Patient Positioning
Overview WJ1
Rotation Motor
CJ2
Rotation Display (L) WJ3
CJ3
WJ6, Pin 1 = +90 VDC Vertical Motor
TP48 = +5 VDC (D4) Rotation Display (R) WJ12, Pin 1 = 120 VAC-A
WJ12, Pin 3 = 120 VAC-B
TP50 = +12 VDC (D6) VR1, Pin 3 = +5 VDC (VCC)
CJ7 WJ5 VR2, Pin 3 = +15 VDC
TP51 = -12VDC (D7) WJ7, Pin 4 = Analog GND
WJ7, Pin 2 = Digital GND
Compress Up/Dn/Rec
TP36 = GND CJ8 C-Arm Up/Dn
C-Arm Switches
TP20 = C-Arm Down Sw
C-Arm Rotate L/R
VTA Motor
CJ10 Collimator Light
TP21 = C-Arm Down Sw
Tube Head Switches
Driver Board
TP22 = Comp Rel Sw
WJ13
TP23 = Comp Down Sw CJ11 J3
Footswitch (L)
TP24 = Comp Up Sw J4
KJ24 CJ5 Footswitch (R)
Serial TP25 = Col Light Sw
TP26 = Rot Right Sw CJ14 C-Arm Up/Dn
TP27 = Rot Left Sw

Limit Switches
CJ16
TP44 = Comp Force Sw C-Arm Angle Pot.
(+1.5 to +1.9 V = 40 lbs) Brake
CJ17
P7 J7 Comp. Thickness Pot.
CJ21
Collimator Light
CJ22
Comp. Motor
Motor/ CJ23 Compression
Comp. Motor Reg.
Lamp Control Motor Assembly
Board CJ1 HJ3 HJ2 Compression
Force Load Cell
TP44 = Comp Force
(+1.5 to +1.9 V = 40 lbs)
D1 = CAD1 (TP7) P7 J7
TJ9 KJ8
D2 = CAD2 (TP8) AEJ3 ADJ1 TP4 = +12 VDC
Opto Accessory 1-4
Serial D3 = CAD3 (TP9)
D4 = CAD4 (TP10) TP5 = -12 VDC
D5 = HANDLE
Compression Acc.
D6 = IR_ID1 Detection Board TP6 = +5 VDC
D7 = IR_ID2
DS7, DS8 =
D8 = IR_ID3 AEC Pos 1 to 8
KJ21 AEJ5 D9 = IR_ID4 Breast Tray
Serial D10 = AUX1 AEJ6
D11 = AUX2 Handle
D12 = AUX3 Thickness
Display
Operator TP2 = GND
Microprocessor C-Arm Force

Display
Microprocessor
AEC Positon
Host KJ25 FJ1 IR FJ8
BR1 P7 J7
HJ5 Compression
AEC Position
Microprocessor Serial Microprocessor Display
Console Gantry
Compression
CJ5
From CJ1
1
KJ24 on Host Serial Comm U27 Compression
Microprocessor to U12 3 To HJ3 of the Motor
U28
Board 8 to Compression
8 Display Board
CJ8 TP22
Compress Comp Release
Release Sw
3 Compression
TP23
Motor Brake
Compress Comp Down U15
Down Sw 2 U19 Compression
TP24
Compress Force Brake
Comp Up
Up Sw 1
6
Tension Adjust
CJ11 Sprocket
Foot Sw 1
FW Comp Up TP52 Compression
Up Comp
Foot Sw FW Comp Down
Motor Components
Down
2 +
CJ22
U8
6
U29
U11 1
MP Compression
TP43 U31
Compression Motor
CJ17 +2.5V Thickness PWM 2
Compress 1
Thickness
Angle
2 TP47
Pot 3 TP44 A Comp
Compression Motor +90V WJ13 J7
Force -
U9
~1.7V=40 lbs 2 1 Compression
CJ1 U38
Force Brake
From HJ3 on the A/D Q10 6 2
Compression 1
Display Board CJ7 WJ5
U7 Compression Force Brake U13A +90V
23 23 +90V
Compression Motor Brake Ret
25 25 1 Compression
U13B Motor Brake
CJ20 Q9 4
From ACJ6 on the
Power Distribution U8
1 U22 Optical
Board A Isolators
3 +90V
Ret
Motor Lamp Controller Board VTA Motor Driver Board

Note: CJ20 Connects to ACJ6
if the compression motor runs
on 24V. Some systems use a
12V compression motor PCM that
connects between CJ20 and ACJ6.

AEJ5
From KJ21 1 U1 Serial Comm

on the Host to U2
Microprocessor 8 U5 Serial Comm
Test Points:
TP3 Clock
TP4 Select
TP5 MISO
ADJ1 AEJ3 TP6 MOSI
TP1
+5V +5V +5V
+5V
1 1
CADLED 1
2 2 A B
TP7
CAD 1
3 3 B D
U8
MP
CADLED 2
4 4 C F
TP8
CAD 2
Optical sensors to 5 5 D H +5V
detect reflective
tape on the back
the accessory
CADLED 3
6 6 E A CAD 1
TP9
CAD 3
7 7 F C
U6 CAD 2
CADLED 4
8 8 G E CAD 3
TP10
CAD 4
9 9 H G
CAD 4
Compression C-Arm
Accessory Microprocessor
Detect Board Board
Gantry C-Arm Rotation Motion
Left C-Arm
CJ5 Angle Display CJ2
From WJ12 Charge 1
1 3 To Angle
KJ24 on Host Serial Comm U27 Charge 1 Ret
Microprocessor to U13 to Display 1
120 VAC
T1, D14, 15, VR3, 4
U28
Board 8 8 Board 120 VAC Isolated 15V Power Charge 2
3 Direction A
Supply 1 & 2
Charge 2 Ret
R22
TP32, 33
Rotation Right C-Arm
Limit Angle Display CJ3
R21
Switch
(May not 3 To Angle
be Used)
U14 to Display +90V
8 Board
CJ10 WJ1
TP27 U11
Rotate +90V EN A
Left Q2 1
Rotate 1 MP REF EN B
Left Sw DC
Rotate TP26 U15 DIR A DIR B Rotation
Right U19 Control 1 1 0 Motor
Rotate
2 Control 2 X 0 Q6
Right Sw
Control 3 0 1
3
U3
Control 4 0 X
4 PWM 1 1
+90V
Ret
CJ7 WJ5
TP42 PWM PWM
U7
C-Arm 9 9
Angle
CJ16 +2.5V Pot Rotate Ctrl 1 Rotate Ctrl 1 +90V
1 1 U1A
C-Arm 1 Rotate Ctrl 2 Rotate Ctrl 2 U5 U4A, B
U38
Angle 2 3 3
A/D U9 U5 Rotate Ctrl 3 Rotate Ctrl 3 +90V EN B
Pot 3 5 5 Q1
Rotate Ctrl 4 Rotate Ctrl 4 U6 U1B U2 REF EN A
7 7 U4C,D
U8
Optical HV
U22
Isolators Drivers Q5
Motor Lamp Controller Board VTA Motor Driver Board +90V

Ret
Direction B
Gantry C-Arm Vertical Motion
CJ5
From WJ12 Charge 3
1
KJ24 on Host Serial Comm U27 Charge 3 Ret
Microprocessor to 1
120 VAC
T2, D16, 17, VR5, 6
U28
Board 8 120 VAC Isolated 15V Power Charge 4
Direction A
3 Supply 3 & 4
Charge 4 Ret
CJ14 TP35 R23
Upper 1
Limit Sw
U15
R24
2 U19
TP34 U41
Lower
Limit Sw +90V
3
WJ3
U11
CJ8 +90V EN A
TP21 Q4 1
MP REF EN B
DC
C-Arm Up 4 DIR A DIR B Vertical
TP20 U15 Control 1 1 0 Motor
U19 Control 2 X 0 Q8
C-Arm 5 Control 3 0 1
2
U9
Down Control 4 0 X
PWM 1 1
6 +90V
Ret
CJ7 WJ5
PWM PWM
U7
CJ11 11 11
Foot Sw Vertical Ctrl 1 Vertical Ctrl 1 +90V

3 13 13 U1C
Up Vertical Ctrl 2 Vertical Ctrl 2 U5 U10A,B
U38
15 15
A/D U9 U6 Vertical Ctrl 3 Vertical Ctrl 3 +90V EN B
Foot Sw 17 17 Q3
4
Down Vertical Ctrl 4 Vertical Ctrl 4 U6 U1D U8 REF EN A
19 19 U10C,D
U8
5 Optical HV
U22
Isolators Drivers Q7
Motor Lamp Controller Board VTA Motor Driver Board +90V

Ret
Direction B
Collimator Light
CJ10 TP25
U11
Collimator U15 U7
Light Sw
3 U19
MP U9
4
+5V
Lamp
Enable
U35
CJ26 +12V
K1 U30
+20V Regulator
From ACJ6 on the 3
Power Distribution
Board 4
CJ23 CJ21
TP40
From ACJ6 on the 2 3
Power Distribution TP41 Collimator Light
Board 24V 150W FCS
1 1
Motor Lamp Controller Board
Power Distribution
+20 VAC from BJ7
on Fuse Board
ABJ3 3 1
ABJ1
VJ2
P3 I3 J1 J2
Mains
1
7 7 4 4 1
F2 Power Board
On TP1
Switch 2
8 8 5 5 2
Q1
Q2 TP2
3
9 9
E-Stop 6 6 3
Off Switches
Switch 4
10 10 7 7 4
Left Switch +23V
Left X-Ray BR1
Switch Board Right Switch +12V
Note: Breast tray BR2
Breast switches may not
Tray be used (jumpered)
Console K1 Keep Alive
LPP1 ABJ7 F1
Gantry Door Gantry Door
Right Switch 1 Left Switch 1
2 2 Timer
Vert Travel TP5 U1
7 3
Limit Switch TP11
Rot Travel 8 4
Limit Switch
ABJ6 1 3 ABJ5 1 5 ABJ4 1 5 ABJ2 1 2
Note: Gantry Door Switches

may not be connected on SSR
LATCH
Thermal
some systems Fuse
240
K1 230
K3 Solid State
1 220
Relay (SSR)
208
Line In RFI
(200-240 VAC) TB1 CB1 200
Filter
R5 (5 Ohm, 90 W)
2 0
Note: In some older
systems R5 may be
only 50 W TB2
Gantry Isolation Transformer
AC Fuse Board
Power
DC Fuses
Distribution PJ1
Panel
Chassis 3 Note: LED D14
To Indicates Charge
1 C1, C2 Status
F20, 25A F22, 25A
D1
230 VAC
+325 VDC
HV Inverter Board
F19, 25A
ACJ15
F18, 10A F21, 8A 1 525 VDC
D3
380 VAC
+525 VDC
F17, 10A
BJ1 BJ2
1 F1, 10A 1 F23, 8A 7 90 VDC

70 VAC D2
2 2 +90 VDC F24, 5A 90 VDC
F2, 10A 8
13 22 VDC
F25, 8A
14 22 VDC
WJ12 11 525 VDC RTN
1 VTA Motor 10 90 VDC RTN
3
Driver 12 90 VDC RTN
Board
BJ3 BJ4 ACJ14
1 F3, 2A 1 1 120 VAC
120 VAC
2 F4, 2A 2 2 120 VAC
4 F5, 10A 4 4 24 VAC

24 VAC
5 F6, 10A 5 5 24 VAC
6 F7, 2A 6 6 20 VAC
20 VAC
7 7 7 20 VAC
F8, 2A
8 F9, 10A 8 8 19 VAC

19 VAC
9 F10, 10A 9 9 19 VAC
BJ7
1 To ABJ3 on
Mains Power
3 Board
BJ5 BJ6 ACJ13
32 VAC F11, 5A
1 1 1 12 VAC
12 VAC
2 F12, 5A 2 2 32 VAC
0 VAC
3 3 3 RTN
18 VAC
4 F13, 4A 4 4 18 VAC
5
18 VAC
6 F14, 4A 6 6 18 VAC
7 F15, 5A 7 7 10 VAC
10 VAC
8 F16, 5A 8 8 10 VAC
Gantry
Power
Isolation Transformer AC Fuse
Distribution
(Secondary Winding) Board
Board
Power Supply Interconnect Board
AYJ6 AYJ5 AHJ1

+22 VDC +22 VDC
1 1 1 +22 VDC
Note: AYJ5 Pin 2 is not used;
2
GND GND
2 X AYJ5-3 connects to AHJ1-2
3 3 2 GND
From Power +10 VDC +10 VDC
4 4 3 +10 VDC
Distribution
Board ACJ5 GND GND
5 5 4 GND
+20 VDC +20 VDC
6 6 5 +20 VDC
GND GND
7 7 6 GND
-20 VDC -20 VDC
8 8 7 -20 VDC
AYJ4
Filament Control
+10 VDC
1
Board
GND
2
+20 VDC
3 To Rotor Control Board MJ3
GND
4
-20 VDC
5
AYJ3
+10 VDC
1
GND
2
+20 VDC
3 To Generator Microprocessor AGJ2
GND
4
-20 VDC
5
AYJ2
+10 VDC
1
GND
2
+20 VDC
3 To HV Control Board NJ5
GND
4
-20 VDC
5
Power Supply
Interconnect Board
Gantry
Power Distribution Board

ACJ3
+20/+40 VDC
1
GND 2
+10 VDC To Connector POBR1 then:
3
GND 4 Bucky Interface ARJ1
+20 VDC IR Microprocessor FJ3
5
C-Arm Microprocessor AEJ4
ACJ15 TP1 GND 6
+525V
1 +525 VDC -20 VDC
7
11 +525 VDC RTN
+90 VDC ACJ4
7
+10 VDC
+90 VDC RTN 1
10
GND 2
+90 VDC RTN +20 VDC
12 To Host Microprocessor KJ1
3
+90 VDC GND 4
8
-20 VDC
5
TP2
+22V ACJ5
+22 VDC +22 VDC
From F25 14 1 +22 VDC From output of D2 (TP4, +22 VDC)
GND 2
To Power Supply Interconnect
+22 VDC GND 3 board AYJ6, then to:
To F25 13
+10 VDC
4 Filament Control AHJ1
GND 5 Rotor Control MJ3
+20 VDC HV Control NJ5
6 Generator Microprocessor AGJ2
GND 7
-20 VDC
8
ACJ14
ACJ6
24 VAC 24 VAC
4 1
5 24 VAC 24 VAC
2
1 120 VAC +28 VDC
3
120 VAC GND
2 4
+10 VDC
20 VAC 5
6 To Motor/Lamp Control CJ23, 26
TP3 GND 6
+28V +20 VDC
7
D1 GND 8
-20 VDC
9
20 VAC
7
19 VAC ACJ7
8
TP4 GND 1
+22V +10 VDC
2
D1 GND To VTA Motor Driver WJ6
3
+90 VDC RTN
4
19 VAC
9 +90 VDC 6
ACJ8
+10 VDC
1
GND 2
+20 VDC
3 To Tubehead Motor Driver DJ14
GND 4
-20 VDC
5
ACJ9 PJ2 J1
K2 +5
GND 1 1 1
DC Power -5
120 VAC TB1
3 2 2 Supply +12
120 VAC
6 3 3 -12
ACJ13
12 VAC
1
Console
32 VAC TP5
2 +20V/+40V
ACJ10
D4 +28 VDC
1
To Filament Protect Board XJ3
RTN GND 2
3
ACJ11 MJ2
+90 VDC +90 VDC
1 3
18 VAC
4 +90 VDC
2
TP8
+20V +90 VDC RTN
5
+90 VDC RTN
5
Rotor Control
5
D5
+90 VDC RTN
6 Board
+525 VDC +525 VDC
12 1
18 VAC TP9 +525 VDC RTN +525 VDC RTN
6 -20V 7 7
ACJ21
+10 VDC
1
GND 2
+20 VDC 3 To VTA Motor Driver Board WJ7
10 VAC
7 GND 4
TP10 -20 VDC
+10V 5
D3
10 VAC
8
Gantry Power Distribution Board
Rotor Control
TP17
RPM Sense
U7
MJ4
TUBE TYPE 3
4 K1 TP10
Drive A
TUBE TYPE 2 U4 Q3 MJ1
6 RPM TP11
Relay Drive B
TUBE TYPE 1 U10
From 8 U12 TP13 Common
AGJ1 on U16 Drive C 1
BOOST ENABLE U13 +90V Brake
U5A Q5
Generator 4 10 D36 LED TP14
Processor MP Control Fault Drive D
BRAKE ENABLE
12
RPM/ READ/ SERIAL CLOCK U6 To
14 X-Ray
D37 LED
Rotor Fault
Tube
TP16 U3 Q1
Rail Sense
D35 LED Main

R12 R15 R45 Rotor Ready 5
U5B Q6
D38 LED TP8

Power Interlock Brake SW
Q7
MJ2
TP3 90 V
500 VDC Return
1
TP5
From 90 VDC Brake
K2 +15V
ACJ11 on 3
TP6 D3 LED Brake
Power 90 V 500V TP18 Relay
Distribution 5 U5
D8 LED
Board Brake
7 PWM
90 V
Return T1
MJ3
+10V TP6
From 1 U14 +5V
AYJ4 on TP22
Power 3 U17 +15V
Supply TP14 TP15
-20V
Interconnect 5 U18 -15V
Board
Rotor Control Board
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Preventive Maintenance
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Checklist
Functional and Safety
Performance
General
Checklist
Always remember to review the Performance and Safety percentages. Pre should be low (10%) and Full
portion of the PM with the customer to ensure the system should be high (100%).
is working correctly.
In dual mode the first press of the compression
Functional and Safety switch will apply a small amount of force.
Additional presses will increase the force.
1. Compression Force
When taking MQSA compression force
2. Compression Thickness
measurements, press the switch several times--
3. Compression Operation (Overall) until no more force is applied.
a. Run the paddle full-down and then full-up. Verify 4. Safety and Interlock Switches
the display indicates a smooth compression and
uncompression (i.e., the numbers are not erratic Press each e-stop to verify it shuts off the system
and then reset the switch and verify the system to re-
and do not jump). Also verify there is no delay as
the paddle movement starts (delay indicates starts. Also make sure the e-stops are mounted
loose compression components). securely.
b. Compress and then uncompress the paddle on 5. Electrical Cables

your fist (do not relax your fist). Observe the Check all cables (especially footswitch cables) for
paddle and display for smooth operation. wear or damage.
Compression can be set for Pre, Full, or Dual 6. Shield Condition (Lead Glass)
Mode. Dual is most commonly used. Check the
Check general condition and mounting of lead glass.
Additional Setup menu screen for compression
7. Check Column Drive Operation and Grease Lead b. Check the angle display for smooth transition
Screw (jumping numbers indicate a bad anglulation
pot.)
a. Open left door of gantry.
c. Verify the system does not shut off when it
Caution The next step runs the c-arm up to the reaches the limit. If it does, perform the following
full vertical stop. Make sure the path is steps:
clear and it will not hit the ceiling.
d. Jump the rotational limit switch (inside gantry
on the right).
b. Run the C-Arm up to the vertical limit.
Angle Calibration
c. Turn off system power.
e. Carefully jog the rotation back off the limit.
d. Use a cloth rag to wipe dirt and old excess
grease from the lead screw. f. Set the switches on the Host Microprocessor
to: S4=5, S6-8=Off. Then push S2 until ANG*** is
e. Apply NOOK Leadscrew Grease (GE p/n
displayed.
2211541) liberally to the entire length of the
leadscrew. g. Rotate c-arm to exact vertical (tube up).
f. Wipe off any excess. h. Press S1 to save.
g. Turn on the system and run the c-arm through its 9. Rotation Stops and Centering
full range of motion. Check for excess noise or
a. Check the stops at 45 and 90.
vibration.
b. Verify the c-arm is exactly vertical at 0. If it is not,
8. Rotation Drive
perform the Angle Calibration, above.
a. Rotate the c-arm to full limit in each direction.
10. Exposure Switch Operation
Check both exposure switches for proper
operation. The plastic housing of the switch can
sometimes break and the switch mechanism will be f. Leave the tubehead disassembled for the next
held down with tape. Order a new one: GE p/n step.
2256082.
12. Clean/Grease Tubehead Leadscrews and Sliders.
Note Both switches must be pressed to take an expo-
sure. IMPORTANT! Do not lubricate sliders. And do not
use spray lubricant anywhere in the
11. Vacuum Tubehead
tubehead.
a. Turn off power to the system.
a. Use a clean cotton pad to clean the sliders on the
b. Remove Tubehead covers.
lamp/filter assembly and the collimator assembly.
c. Use a small brush to remove dust from tight These sliders do not require lubrication.
corners. Keep a vacuum on to prevent the dust
b. Clean the leadscrews and carefully apply a small
from redistributing.
amount of NOOK Leadscrew Grease (GE p/n
d. Remove the eight socket cap screws from the 2211541) to the leadscrew.
collimator assembly. Clean the collimator
13. Clean and Inspect Fans. Replace if necessary
assembly and brush the dust from the 4 optical
sensors.
e. Remove the eight socket cap screws from the
lamp/filter assembly. Clean the collimator
assembly and brush the dust from the 4 optical
sensors.
IMPORTANT! Do not touch the filters. They are

easily damaged.
Performance Remember to restore the default settings when

the calibration is completed.
1. Perform the Collimator Assessment Check.
3. Dose Rate
2. Generator Calibration
Record per the worksheet.
Click here to open the worksheet.
4. High Contrast Resolution
a. Perform kV Checks
b. Perform mA and Filament Pre-heat Checks
5. ACR Phantom--Image Evaluation
Notes:
Use 50 mAs (manual mode) for normal output,
and 20 mAs for reduced output. 6. Phototimer
On the Host Microprocessor board, S6=On for Obtain ACR Phantom QC AIM values from the
a 5 second wait between exposures technologist and record per the worksheet.
On the Setup screen change the following for General
calibration:
1. Check External Condition
Compression Release = Manual
2. Return system to Normal Operation
View Reminder = Off
3. Review PM with Customer
Auto ID Settings = Off
Make note of settings before turning off
Cassette Sense = Off
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Software and Diagnostics
SOFTWARE AND DIAGNOSTICS

Software Version Verification
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Software and Diagnostics
Software Version Verification

1. Enter Calibration Mode (S6, 4 = On).
2. Select Software Version Verification: (S4 = 9; S6, 8 =
On).
3. Press S2 to display the version numbers of each of
the processors
4. Record the version number for each of the following:
Host Microprocessor
Generator Microprocessor
VTA Motor Control Microprocessor
Image Receptor Microprocessor
Tubehead Motors Microprocessor
5. Manually check the following
High Speed Starter
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Theory
THEORY
System Control AC Power Distribution
Overview DC Power Distribution
Host Microprocessor Accessories
ID Flasher
X-Ray Generation
Overview
Exposure Initiation
Exposure Termination
Exposure Sequence
Exposure Regulation
kV Control
mA Control
X-Ray Tube
Collimation
Image Reception
Patient Positioning
Compression
Rotation
Vertical Travel
Field Illumination
Power Distribution
System Control
Overview Operator Interface Microprocessor
Exposure control begins at the Operator Console, The Operator Interface Microprocessor is located in
where the exposure parameters, as selected by the the console, and controls all console accessories. It also
technologist, are sent from the Operator Interface interfaces (through a serial interface) with the Host
Microprocessor to the Host Microprocessor. The Microprocessor to provide a data terminal for x-ray
relationship between the Operator Interface control.
Microprocessor and the Host Microprocessor is Data
Terminal type, where the command is sent first, a Host Microprocessor
feedback being returned only after the command is The Host Microprocessor is located in the gantry, and
executed. controls all secondary Microprocessors. Specifically:
For example, if the technologist requests an increase of Exposure Settings (KV, mA, etc. from the Operator
the kVs, the KV INCREASE command will be sent to the Interface Microprocessor) to the Generator
Host Microprocessor, which will then talk to the Microprocessor. At the completion of the exposure,
Generator Microprocessor for execution. At that point, the Generator Microprocessor provides feedback to
the Host Microprocessor will then get back to the the Host Microprocessor.
Operator Interface Microprocessor with the new kV value
Aperture Field Size and Filter Position to the
to be displayed. Tubehead Microprocessor board (through the
The Host Microprocessor processes the exposure Tubehead Motor Driver board)
parameters received from the Operator Interface Vertical Motion, Rotation, Compression, Field
Microprocessor and sends them to the Generator
Illumination to the Motor/Lamp Control board.
Microprocessor, which controls the KV Control, Filament, (Feedback is also provided back to the Operator
and Rotor Control boards and to the IR Interface Microprocessor)
Microprocessor, which controls AEC and Bucky.
System Control
Exposure Settings (kV, mA, etc.) to the IR
Microprocessor for AEC.
Accessory Information (from the IR Microprocessor)
to the Operator Interface Microprocessor and other
sub-systems.
Exposure length (during exposure from the IR
Microprocessor) to the Generator Microprocessor.
X-Ray Generation
Overview Exposure Termination
Exposure Initiation During a MANUAL exposure, both the XRAY SWITCH
The signal from the x-ray switches goes from the signal and the command coming through the serial link
Operator Interface Microprocessor to the Host (HOPI1) orders the Generator Microprocessor to start
the exposure.
Microprocessor via both a serial link and a dedicated
line (TP2 X-ray Button) where it connects to the IC During an AUTO exposure, the same chain of command
Microprocessor U1. applies. However, the Generator Microprocessor also
The signal XRAY BUTTON then continues to the needs the EXP EN signal (TP14) from the IR
Microprocessor to start the exposure.
Generator Microprocessor (where it is sometimes
called XRAY SWITCH), and then on to the, to the kV As the exposure begins, the IR Microprocessor
Control board. calculates the termination parameters by gathering Time
For a manual exposure, x-rays are initiated at this point and kV data. Then termination control is passed to the IR
Microprocessor. If MANUAL mode is selected, the AUTO
(although this is somewhat software controlled), and
then exposure termination is determined by the MODE signal (TP13) is low, and termination is
Generator Microprocessor. determined by the Generator Microprocessor.
Automatic exposure requires a second signal for the If an AUTO-mode is selected, the AUTO MODE signal
will start low, but toggles high shortly after the exposure
Generator Control board to start driving x-rays (EXP EN)
which is generated on the IR Microprocessor board begins. When this signal is high, the exposure continues
(TP14 & LED D7). until the IR Microprocessor terminates it by pulling down
the EXP EN signal (TP14).
Talking to the Generator Microprocessor via a faster
The AEC will terminate the exposure within 50 ms or 5
direct connection (AGJ8) instead of the serial interface,
the IR Microprocessor will then control termination of the mAs in Auto-Time Mode, or within 100 ms or 10 mAs in
Auto-kV Mode, if the calculated exposure time exceeds
exposure by pulling down the EXP EN signal.
X-Ray Generation
Overview (Continued)
the 500 mAs Backup Time set for the Large focal spot, or Tube type
the 150mAs Backup time set for the Small focal spot.
kV
Finally, a Backup Timer hardware (U5) located on the kV
Grid voltage
Control board, will terminate the exposure by shutting
down the PWM U6 if the exposure fails to terminate by Exposure Mode
either an AEC timeout (IR Microprocessor), the MANUAL
Filament DAC number
exposure timeout (Generator Microprocessor), or the
software Backup Timer (Generator Microprocessor). 7. Host Microprocessor commands to Motor/Lamp
Controller to disable motors and collimator lamp.
Exposure Sequence
1. System display: Ready 8. Host Microprocessor commands to Tubehead
Microprocessor to move Filter into position
2. Technologist presses both X-Ray switches.
9. Tubehead Microprocessor acknowledge filter
3. Operator Interface Microprocessor sends XRAY position to Host Microprocessor
BUTTON signal to Host Microprocessor.
10. Host Microprocessor commands to Tubehead
4. Host Microprocessor asks Generator Microprocessor to move Mirror into position
Microprocessor for status of the focal spot relay on
Filament Control board. 11. Tubehead Microprocessor acknowledges mirror
position to Host Microprocessor
5. Generator Microprocessor provides to Host
Microprocessor feedback on EXPECTED and 12. Host Microprocessor commands to Tubehead
ACTUAL relay status. Microprocessor to move small spot blades into
position (if small focal spot has been selected)
6. Host Microprocessor sends exposure data to
Generator Microprocessor: 13. Tubehead Microprocessor acknowledge blades
position to Host Microprocessor
X-Ray Generation
Exposure Sequence (Continued)
14. Host Microprocessor sends exposure soft start 21. 100 ms after the Bucky started, the IR
signal to Generator Microprocessor Microprocessor sends EXP EN signal to Generator
Microprocessor.
15. Generator Microprocessor initiates the tube
preparation sequence (Rotor, filament, tube grid 22. The Generator Microprocessor checks for both
voltages). XRAY BUTTON (and EXP EN if Auto exposures)
signals.
16. Host Microprocessor sends exposure data to IR
Microprocessor: 23. Generator Microprocessor sends an EXPOSURE
START (momentary) and EXPOSURE ON message
AEC gain, offset, and density
(active during the entire exposure) to the Host
Exposure mode Microprocessor.
KV 24. The Generator Microprocessor begins producing
kVs.
Window (for Auto kV)
25. The Host Microprocessor sends an XRAY ON
mAs (for Manual)
message through the RXD1 line to the Operator
17. Rotor Control board sends a ROTOR READY Interface Microprocessor.
signal to Generator Microprocessor.
26. Operator Interface Microprocessor turns ON the X-
18. At the end of preparation, the Generator ray LEDs and exposure beeper alarm.
Microprocessor sends a READY TO XRAY message
27. Host Microprocessor sends an EXPOSURE START
to Host Microprocessor.
message through the RXD0 line to the Operator
19. Host Microprocessor sends a BUCKY START Interface Microprocessor.
request to IR Microprocessor.
28. Operator Interface Microprocessor switches from
20. The IR Microprocessor starts the Bucky. displaying READY to X-RAY.
X-Ray Generation
29. IR Microprocessor calculates the AEC algorithms. 37. Host Microprocessor commands the STAND-BY
status to the Operator Interface Microprocessor.
30. IR Microprocessor sends the kV level to the
Generator Microprocessor (for Auto-kV exposures 38. Operator Interface Microprocessor disables the X-
only). Ray switches.
31. Exposure times-out through the Generator 39. Host Microprocessor sends a COMPRESSION
Microprocessor (Manual Mode) or through the IR RELEASE signal to the Motor/Lamp Control board.
Microprocessor (Auto Modes).
40. Motor/Lamp Control board sends a MOTORS IN
32. Generator Microprocessor sends an EXPOSURE MOTION and then a ALL MOTORS STOPPED
STOP (and discontinues the EXPOSURE ON) message to Host Microprocessor.
message to the Host Microprocessor.
41. Host Microprocessor sends post exposure
33. Generator Microprocessor sends post exposure mAs parameters to the Operator Interface
and kVs to the Host Microprocessor. Microprocessor:
34. Host Microprocessor sends an EXPOSURE STOP Exp. Mode
message to the Operator Interface Microprocessor
Filter
through the RXD1 line.
kV
35. Host Microprocessor sends an EXPOSURE STOP
signal to the Motor/Lamp Controller to enable motors mAs
and Collimator lamp.
Compression thickness
36. Motor/Lamp Control board sends the
Compression Force
Compression Force, Thickness, and c-arm Angle to
the Host Microprocessor. C-arm Angle
X-Ray Generation
AEC Position KV Control
42. Operator Interface Microprocessor sends data to the Filament Control
peripherals (Floppy, etc.).
Rotor Control
43. Host Microprocessor times out to STANDBY mode.
IR Microprocessor
44. Host Microprocessor sends signal to Operator The Image Receptor Microprocessor controls the HTC
Interface Microprocessor that Stand-by has timed Bucky grid mode:
out.
Manual. Exposure time is set. If the exposure time is
45. System display: READY. less than 2.5 seconds, the grid drives in one direction.
Exposure Regulation If the exposure time is greater than 2.5 seconds, a 2.5
second exposure is taken, a 50 mS delay occurs
The Host Microprocessor sends exposure information while the grid is reversed, and then the remainder of
(via a serial connection) to the IR Microprocessor and the exposure is taken.
the IR Microprocessor returns Bucky/accessory
information before the exposure and Auto-kV information Auto-Time. Up to three exposures may be taken. The
after the exposure. first exposure is 50 mS AEC sample, then a 150 mS
delay occurs, while the grid is driven home. The
Generator Microprocessor second exposure is 2.5 seconds (or the remainder of
The Generator Microprocessor controls the following the exposure), and another 50 mS second delay
sub-systems during exposure: occurs to reverse the grid. A final (up to 2.5 second)
Image Reception (Note, the Generator exposure is then taken.
Microprocessor and IR Microprocessor are Auto kV. Up to four exposures are taken. The first
connected directly, not via a serial connection.) exposure is 50 mS AEC sample, then a 150 mS delay
occurs, while the grid is driven home. If necessary
X-Ray Generation
Exposure Regulation (Continued)
another 50 mS AEC sample is taken, then a 150 mS
delay occurs, while the grid is driven home. The third
exposure is 2.5 seconds (or the remainder of the
exposure), and another 50 mS second delay occurs to
reverse the grid. A final (up to 2.5 second) exposure is
then taken.
Exposures under 400 mS cause the system to go into
the Reduced mAs mode. For the technique used (in
large focal spot mode), the mA level is reduced to the
equivalent small focal spot mA level. This causes
exposure time to increase, and thus creates a more
uniform density on the film.
The IR Microprocessor also controls the Bucky
cassette status LEDs.
Green. The cassette is present
Yellow. The cassette is not present, or is exposed.

kV Control The kV regulation is performed on this board and a KV
FEEDBACK signal is also sent to the Generator
Overview
Microprocessor for monitoring.
kV exposure settings selected at the Operator Console
are received at the kV Control board via the Operator MA FEEDBACK is also sent to the Generator
Interface Microprocessor, Host Microprocessor, and Microprocessor from the kV Control board for monitoring,
Generator Microprocessor boards. and the filament regulation is performed on the Filament
Control board.
The kV control board then supplies kV to the kV Inverter
board. The output of the kV Inverter board is stepped-up kV Regulation
through the High Voltage Transformer and then supplied The kV Control board receives the KV SELECTED data
to the kV Multiplier board. from the Generator Microprocessor through a parallel
The kV Multiplier board then supplies kV (and mA) data bus (NJ1) to D/A converter U12.
feedback to the kV Control board.The output of the kV The analog converted signal is then called KV REF
Multiplier board can be checked at two points: (TP18, 10V = 40 kV), and is applied to a comparator U4B
The High Voltage Tank provides a test point to where it is regulated with the KV FEEDBACK signal
measure the kV supplied to the X-Ray Tube. coming from the kV Multiplier board.
The baseline level of KV FEEDBACK (TP6) is adjusted
Caution Important: The Tank must always be via R18 (KV CAL), which calibrates the entire kV range.
grounded and the scope floated. KV FEEDBACK is also sent back to the Generator
Microprocessor for monitoring through KV SENSE (TP3,
The mAs Test Jack. 1 VDC = 8 kV) via A/D converter U17.
The output of the U4B comparator (TP7) drives a PWM
Caution Either the supplied jack or a meter must
be plugged into the mAs Test Jack. (Pulse Width Modulator) U6, which output (TP10,12) in
turn drives Q2, Q3 (PWM Out B) and Q4, Q5 (PWM Out
X-Ray Generation
A). PWM Out A & B leaves the board through NJ3 to and its baseline level is adjusted via R20 (mA Cal), which
feed the Inverter board. calibrates the entire mA range.
The XRAY BUTTON signal is interlocked with the PWM The signal feeds the MA SENSE line (TP4, 1V.= 40 mA)
and the Drivers circuit and the HV ENABLE signal is which is sent back to the Generator Microprocessor for
interlocked with the PWM and the kV regulation circuit. monitoring via A/D converter U16, and feeds the MA
FEEDBACK line, which, as previously stated, is sent to
mA Control the Filament Control board for regulation.
Overview
The output of U8B comparator (TP9) drives a PWM (U9)
During an exposure, the Generator Microprocessor which output (TP22) in turn drives the filament
controls the filament current levels using the DAC transformer T1 (TP29, FIL VOLT) (TP24, COMMON), via
numbers that were programmed into the look-up table Q3 acting as a switch.
(EPROM on Host Microprocessor) during the initial
system Filament Calibration. Filament Control
When the focal spot is changed, the Operator Interface
The Filament Control board receives the DAC numbers
Microprocessor sends the new value to the Host
from the Generator Microprocessor through a parallel
Microprocessor. The Host Microprocessor confirms the
data bus (AHJ4), to D/A converter U3.
request back to the Operator Interface Microprocessor
The analog converted signal is then called FIL REF and sends the new value to the Generator
(TP1, ~3.622 mV/DAC#) and is applied to a comparator Microprocessor.
U8B where it is regulated with the MA FEEDBACK signal
The Generator Microprocessor then changes the state of
coming from the Multiplier board through the kV Control
K1 the Filament Control board (K1 energized, small
board.
filament; K1 de-energized, large filament).
While on the kV Control board, the MA FEEDBACK
signal is called TUBE CURRENT FEEDBACK (TP11)
X-Ray Generation
mA Control (Continued)
The Filament Control board also provides feedback as to At the start of the exposure the Generator
the state of K1 back to the Host Microprocessor. The Microprocessor initiates 1.2 second boost sequence to
Host Microprocessor, Generator Microprocessor, and K1 rotate the x-ray tube at 9600 rpm.
must agree, otherwise an error is returned.
At the end of the exposure, stops the x-ray tube with a 4
Grid Bias Control second brake signal.
The x-ray tube supplies a negative voltage to the Collimation
filament focus cup to control the size of the focal spot
and the load applied to the mA loop. The Host Microprocessor controls (through the
Tubehead Motor Driver board) the 6 tubehead motors:
The Host Microprocessor stores the grid calibration
values and provides them to the Generator Collimator motors (left, right, front, back)
Microprocessor during the boost cycle. Mirror In/Out
The Generator Microprocessor uses the values to Filter Motor (Mo or Rh)
determine the grid voltage level on the Filament Control
board. The voltages are then transferred to the x-ray The Host Microprocessor also stores the motor
tube through the Filament Protect board. calibration data.
Feedback is provided by encoders for each motor. Which
X-Ray Tube
are incorporated within the motor.
The Generator Microprocessor sends the Rotor
Control board tube type, boost, and brake signals. Image Reception
The Host Microprocessor stores the tube type and AEC Detector
calibration information and provides it to the Generator Three photo-diodes detect x-ray levels during exposure
Microprocessor. and provide the information Image Receptor
Microprocessor.
X-Ray Generation
Image Receptor Accessory Detector
When compression thickness is less than 4 cm and an
HTC grid is detected, the system performs a reduced mA
exposure
Bucky Interface
The Bucky Interface board connects the Bucky to the IR
Microprocessor.
For more Information see the IR Mircoprocessor.
Patient Positioning
Patient positioning is controlled from the Motor/Lamp When compression is set at the operator console, the
Control board through the VTA Motor Driver board. Compression Motor rotates, moving the Compression
Chain (and Compression Carriage) up or down.
The Operator Interface Microprocessor provides
patient positioning information to the Host A compression brake maintains compression carriage
Microprocessor and then this information is sent to the position.
Motor/Lamp Control board via a serial interface.
Feedback is provided through a Compression Thickness
When the system is energized, the diaphragms, filters, Potentiometer (0 to +2.5 VDC to the Motor/Lamp
and lamp drive to home position to engage an Control board) and a Strain Gauge (40 pounds is about
initialization flag. This provides the Tubehead 1.9 VDC to the Compression Display).
Microprocessor with a starting position. It is from this
The Compression Release switch on the Operator
point the various encoders start counting.
Console removes pressure via a signal through the
Feedback (including errors) from the various devices is Motor/Lamp Control board.
sent back to the Host Microprocessor and then the
The C-Arm Microprocessor board identifies the type of
Operator Interface Microprocessor and then displayed
compression paddle and image receptor installed. It also
on the Console monitor.
monitors the status of the image receptor locking handle.
Compression This information and the Image Receptor type/size are
Compression is accomplished either manually or set at sent to the IR Microprocessor and then the Host
the operator console. Microprocessor (this will, for example, address the
Rotating the Compression Knobs on the Compression Tubehead Microprocessor for collimator settings and
Carriage performs manual compression. This causes the filter selection through the Tubehead Motor Driver board
via RS422 Serial interface).
compression carriage to move vertically along the
compression chain.

Rotation
Pressing either the Rotation Left or Right switches sends
a signal to the Motor/Lamp Control board and then on
to the Motor Driver board and finally the Rotate Motor.
Position feedback is provided through an Angle
Feedback potentiometer. When the C-Arm meets
resistance the Linear Variable Differential Transformer
(LVDT) also provides feedback.
Vertical Travel
Vertical travel is initiated at the Operator Console
through the Motor/Lamp board to and then to the Vertical
motor. When the C-Arm meets resistance the Linear
Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) provides
feedback.
Field Illumination
Pressing the Lamp Switch enables K1 on the Motor/
Lamp Control board that supplies +20 VAC to the Lamp
for 30 seconds (or until the X-Ray button is pressed).
Power Distribution
Power is supplied from the room to the gantry via a cord AC Power Distribution
into the chassis. Once inside the chassis it passes The Isolation transformer supplies AC power through the
through the RFI Filter and CB1. The output of CB1 Power Distribution Chassis, AC Fuse panel and Fuse
supplies a 23V power supply (for the Power On switch)
board, to the power to the Power Distribution board.
and the Input Power Contactor, K1. When the Power Voltages are then distributed to the following locations:
On switch is pressed, K1 is energized and power is
supplied to the Isolation transformer. 380 VAC for the +525 Power Supply (on the DC
Power Distribution board)
The following switches or fuses are in-line with the
power-on circuit and will de-energize K1 (and thus de- 230 VAC for +320 VDC Power Supply (for the kV
energize the system) if opened: Inverter board)
Note Depending on the system, some switches may 120 VAC for the Power Distribution board and
be disabled. Operator Console Low Voltage Power Supply
Isolation Transformer Thermal Fuse 20 VAC to the Motor Lamp Control board (for the
collimator lamp)
Power Off Switch
12 VAC for the Bucky Power Supply
Either E-Stop Switch
Left Door Stop Switch
DC Power Distribution
Power is distributed from the DC Power Distribution
Right Door Stop Switch board to the following locations:
Vertical Max Limit Switch +525 VDC to the Rotor Control board for rotor boost
Rotation Max Limit Switch +90 VDC to the Rotor Control board for rotor brake
and to compression lock
Power Distribution
DC Power Distribution (Continued)
+22 VDC to the Filament Control board for filament
power
+28 VDC to the Compression Motor and Tubehead
Cooling Fan
+10 VDC and 20 VDC to all other boards
Accessories
ID Flasher
The Auto ID Flasher records automatically records film
information onto the film.
GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System Troubleshooting
TROUBLESHOOTING
System-Wide Problems
Dead System
Artifacts/Image Quality
Density Problems
Filament Errors
Tubehead Errors
Compression Problems
ID Flasher Problems
System-Wide Problems
For problems that cause multiple error messages or
affect more than one function, check the following:
1. Tubehead wiring. An M-IV manufacturing flaw mis-
wired the tubehead. Ensure the wiring is tie-wrapped
and out of the way of moving parts.
Also, be sure to check all plugs and boards for
proper seating--they may have been loosened or
pulled out.
2. Check K3 (Solid-State Relay). Originally a 5 ohm,
50 watt resistor--should have been changed to a 5
ohm, 90 watt resistor. Also, if the resistor shorts, may
cause down-stream damage.
3. Check all cannon plugs. Sometimes the wires are
not fully seated on the Panduit connectors. Take the
plug cover off and press each wire onto its "knife"
with a screwdriver.
4. If a power or grounding problem is suspected (e.g.,
erratic input power, or an improperly grounded
system), contact National Support for a Power and
Grounding Specialist.
Dead System
Check fuses inside Check the following:

Gantry: Check C-Arm
Limit Switches--
1. Jump TP4 to gnd.
The system remains - Isolation Transformer C-Arm may be
off after the main Thermal Fuse beyond -150 or
(TP8) to bypass the
(room) circuit breaker Check circuit - Fuse Board Fuses +195 or may have interlocks on the
is ON and the system Ensure all Estop breaker on back - Fuse Block reached vertical Check DC Power Mains Power board.
power button is ON. buttons are reset of Gantry - Console Fuses limit Supply outputs TP1 should have
+24 VDC (TP8 gnd).
2. TP2 should go to
24 VDC when the On
All Yes Gantry Yes Yes C-Arm Yes Yes button is pushed.
System EStops CB1 Fuses Within Voltages
OFF Reset? Closed? Good? Limits? Good?
Warning: Don't jump
TP1 and TP2 or
No No No No No manually push in K1.
Damage may result.
3. Jump TP3 and TP4

to test Off circuits and
Move C-Arm off Replace Estops.
Reset Reset Replace
Limits and Perform as Necessary
Estop Gantry CB1 Fuses
Angulation 4. Contact National
Calibration Support.
Note: to check
Thermal Fuse,
measure resistance
across ABJ2 pins
1 & 2 on the Mains
Power board. If it
is open, let the
transformer cool
down and the
fuse will close
System Dead
Artifacts/Image Quality
Check for metallic or other Notes:

debris on the:
- Filter Some artifacts are introduced in the film processor:
- Bucky Grid - Gridlines - Pickoff, - Runback, - Flame Aritifact.
- C-Arm Fixed Retest by feeding the film from a different direction
- X-Ray Tube Port (45 or 90) to isolate the problem.
Other artifacts could be caused by other problems

Artifacts show up such as vibrations from inside or outside the
on exposed film. Perform building (check system mountings) or interference
Specks compression Yes from some other equipment.
calibration.
Motion/ Go to Special Bucky Note:
Fuzzy No
What OK? Compression
Artifact
Type? Troubleshooting If an Error Codes 51 and 33 are displayed, or there
Flowchart. are grid artifacts (or some other defect such as a
bad latch) and the Bucky has one of the following
Grid Lines serial numbers, call Lorad Customer Service:
1-888-505-7910, option 3,1,4 for warranty replacement
information. (If there is any doubt about whether a
particular model is covered, call for the latest
information.)
Take additional exposures
with another Bucky. Do the One Both The Grid Drive Motor Known Defective Bucky Model Numbers:
grid lines appear on just one or Both? voltage may be low or
Bucky or both. missing. Trace the Grid 4-000-0066 3-000-4566
Drive Voltage from the 4-000-0067 3-000-4567
Bucky Connectors 4-000-0145 3-000-4569
One
back through the 4-000-0146 4-000-0241
C-Arm
Check the Grid Motor on the

affected Bucky. The shaft should
turn with a lot of resistance.
If it spins easily, replace the motor.
Artifacts
Density Problems
If Density is a problem,
take some test exposures:
- Does Auto-Filter jump to RH
too soon?
- Is the Auto-Filter limited on
very large patients?
If so, check the MO/RH kV
level in the service software.
Customer complains (S4-6 HiFilHi HTC second Exp.
of Density problems. and HiFilLo) Take an exposure using Do AEC exposures Place a Dose meter
Take an exposure with An AEC calibration may correct film from a different lot. using a phantom in the X-Ray beam
an ACR phantom and the problem, especially with Sometimes an entire produce an inconsistent to ensure consistent
compare with QC book. higher kVs and RH. lot of film can be bad. Check kVp output. mAs? doses.
No No No No No
Density AEC Cal Film kVp Inconsistent Inconsistent Replace the
Problem Fixes? Bad? Bad? doses? doses? X-Ray Tube
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Note: On long exposures

check the compression. kV
may be reduced if output
mode is reading low.
Use different 1. Check Filament

Done Fix Preheat Fix
film lot
2. Replace AEC
Detector
Density Problems
Make sure the Check both exposure Operator Error. The

proper kV is switches. The contacts operator may be
The system terminates selected for patient may be dirty or the releasing the switch
the exposure too early. thickness switch may be bad. too early in manual mode.
Yes XRay Yes No Call

Exposure Technique Buttons Operator National
Terminates Correct? OK? Error? Support
No No Yes
Repair or Provide
Increase kV Replace Instruction
Premature Exposure Termination
Filament Errors
With system power on,
open the left-side door
and find R75 on the
Filament Board.
Use a DVM to measure

across R75. 250 mV
Technician indicates should be present.
Filament Error code Check for potentiometer
is displayed on the Any voltage below 245 mV R87. Some older boards
monitor. is bad. Voltages from do not have this adjustment
245 to 247 mV are potentiometer. Check the waveform
May also cause AEC marginal. If the voltage at the test point on the
problems with no error: cannot be adjusted back If R87 is not present, or kV Control Board.
Film may be too light to 250 mV, the board, the voltage cannot be
or too dark, or exposure while operational, should adjusted back to 250 mV, Spikes indicate tube
may beinconsistent. be replaced. order a replacement board. arc.
See note on
250 mV No Yes Yes Yes intermittant
Filament R87 R87 Adjusts Waveform
Across problems at
Error Present? to 250 mV OK?
R75? the beginning
of this section.
Yes No No No
See note on Order a new Order a new Replace

intermittant Filament Board Filament Board Tube
problems at
the beginning
of this section.
Tubehead Errors
Verify collimator
operation:
Check all moving
parts for dust, dirt, 1. Insert the small Bucky
Turn off power at the and lubrication. tray and place a large
main breaker. Remove cassette on top.
lower Tube Head cover The M-IV is very sensitive 2. Turn the system off.
and visually inspect for: to dust and dirt accumulation. 3. Turn the system on
Vacuum thoroughly, clean and press the collimator
- Loose or broken wires all moving parts, and light button until the light
- Loose plugs or connectors lubricate the sliders with comes on.
- Unseated boards a small amount of lubricant 4. Observe the light on
(Silicone or Teflon Lube Gel). the large cassette to
Technician indicates If necessary, re-route and ensure all the collimator Cycle power and
Tube Head Error code tie-wrap the wires so they Note: Be sure to cycle blades are driving smoothly. visually check the
is displayed on the move freely and are clear power to distribute Jerky motion indicates mirror assembly for
monitor of any moving parts. lubrication evenly. a bad motor. proper operation.
See note on
Tube All Yes Clean & Yes Yes Yes intermittant
Collimator Mirror
Head Cabling Lubricated? problems at
Drives OK? OK?
Error OK? the beginning
of this section.
No No No No
Replace Replace
Fix and Retest Clean and
Collimator Mirror
Retest
Assembly Assembly
Is there any compression
movement?
Customer Note:
complains Mortorized compression
of compression must be engaged before Force and Compression Does the movement Is the problem with the Does the Compression
problems. manual compression. display on? hesitate? release (no release, Knob turn?
erattic release distance)?
Yes Yes No No Yes Check Compression

Compression Displays Knob
Problems Movement? Hesitation? Release? Force Brake and
On? Turn?
Compression Clutch
No No Yes Yes No
Check Compression
Switches.
No Release:
Check Motor Drive Is the Auto Release Check for +90 VDC
Check power to Yes All
Set Screws. setting in the software at the Compression
Motor/Lamp Switches
turned off? Brake.
Driver Board OK?
Erratic:
No Check the following:
- Pot
Perform Force - Cable
Displays Yes
or Thickness - Set Screws
always - Calibration
on? Calibration
Replace
Switches
No
Check:
No 1. Pot
Check Display Yes 2. Timing belt
Display
and Cabling 3. Wiring Harness
Erratic?
4. Open Wires
(Replace Wiring Harness)
ID Flasher Problems
If the ID Flasher is not working properly, check:
System software default settings (Flash time
should around 500).
The actuator (the spring loaded mechanism that
opens the cassette flash door). It may be bent or
missing the rubber wheel.
The actuator microswitch.
GE Medical Systems LORAD M-IV How to Use this EPST
HOW TO USE THIS EPST

Select a topic:
Acrobat Reader 4.0 Controls
Linking and Navigation
Adding Your Personal Notes
Printing
About This EPST
Acrobat Reader 4.0 Controls

Here are some shortcut keystrokes for
Acrobat Reader 4.0:
[HOME] takes you to the first page of the EPST.
[PAGE UP], [PAGE DOWN]. and [END] work as titled.
[CTRL][] takes you back to the previous display.
[CTRL][N] allows you to select a specific page number.
[F5] toggles the Bookmark display. Click on a Bookmark
to go there.
[F6] toggles the Thumbnail display.
Linking and Navigation

On the bottom of every page, you will find a linking tool For additional navigation options, you may use the
bar. Click on the sections icon to take you to that section. Acrobat Reader bookmark feature. To display
In addition to the linking toolbar on each page, you will bookmarks:
find other links throughout the EPST.
1. Press [F5] or click on the PageWithLeftMargin button
on the Acrobat tool bar to open the Bookmark
Convention Link
window.
Blue text Takes you to supplemental
2. Click on the section or page listed in the Bookmark
information about that topic.
window that you wish to view.
See logic diagram XX Takes you to the specified logic/
block diagram. 3. Press [F5] or click on the PageWithLeftMargin button
Links to another area on the same
to close the Bookmark window.
block/logic diagram.
A
Note Not all of these have an
active link; they are linked only when
you need information you cannot
see on a particular part of a diagram.
GE Medical Systems LORAD M-IV Mammography System How to Use this EPST
Adding Your Personal Notes

To add your personal notes:
1. Click on the Notes icon.
Word opens a document.
2. Use the [TAB] key to navigate through the tables.
3. Type in the corresponding EPST page number and
your notes.
4. When you finish making your notes, save the file and
close Word.
5. To access your Notes, simply return to the EPST
and click on the Notes icon at the bottom of any
page.
Printing
To print, perform the following actions.
1. On the Acrobat toolbar, select File, Print.
2. Select whether to print all pages, only the current
page, or a range of pages. (Default is Print All
Pages.)
3. Enable the "Shrink to Fit" option when printing the
11" x 17" block diagrams on 8.5" x 11" paper.
4. Click on OK to begin printing.
About This EPST

The EPST is not intended to replace OEM system
documentation. It also does not cover every problem
or situation you may encounter while working on the
system. There are probably many situations in which
it may be helpful to refer to OEM system
documentation.
The link icons located at the bottom of every page
usually take you to the first page of that section. When
a link icon takes you to a specific reference, the link
icon on the destination page will generally take you to
the first page of that section.
The setup program creates a Word document for your
notes. The file is located at: c:/mvdi/epst_notes/
fc1018/persnote
GE Medical Systems LORAD M-IV Mammography System Self-Paced Training Modules
SELF-PACED TRAINING MODULES
There is no self-paced training for the Lorad M-IV

Mammography system.
GE Medical Systems LORAD M-IV Mammography System Reference Materials
REFERENCE MATERIALS
There are no reference materials for the Lorad M-IV
Mammography EPST.
GE Medical Systems LORAD M-IV Mammography System Feedback to Author
FEEDBACK TO AUTHOR
If you have comments or suggestions, please email them
to:
EPST.feedback@med.ge.com

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LOARD MIV FULL - PDF (1) - 6 PDF

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GE Medical Systems Lorad M-IV Mammography System XR

Lorad M-IV Mammography Alignment and Calibration

System Component Locations

Logic and Block Diagrams

Software and Diagnostics

How to Use this EPST

Self-Paced Training Modules

ALIGNMENT AND CALIBRATION

X-Ray Generation AEC Calibration

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Host Microprocessor Board J1 pins 1 & 2

Motor/Lamp Control Board CJ-32 pins 2 & 3

Motor/Lamp Control Board J1 pins 1 & 2

Image Receptor Microprocessor Board JP2 pins 1 & 2

System Control (Continued)

Important After completing any calibration, ensure S6 DIP

Board Switches S6-2 Peripheral Monitor (KJ26) Select

S3 Decrease A rotatory switch (S4) to select calibration

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S4-0 (Default) On Exposure Counter

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S4-9 On Software Version

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Serial Connector Switch Setting Peripheral

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SETUP ADDITIONAL SETUP

MANUAL MO 28 3 Large Kodak MANUAL MO 28 3 Large Kodak

SETUP Field Values ADDITIONAL SETUP Fields Values

Compression Release Manual, Automatic, Locked-Out Film 1 Film Label

Collimator Manual, Automatic Film 2 Film Label

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View Reminder On, Off Flash Time 2 1 to 999

Printer On, Off Address 32 Character Max.

Auto ID Tube Side (B on W), Auto ID Contrast 1 to 19

Cassette Sense On, Off Auto ID Offset 0 to 7

Retain Patient Data For 1 to 5 days Daylight Savings Time Yes or No

System Control (Continued)

After a hardware or software failure 4. Press ENTER. The following is displayed:

When upgrading the operator interface. INSTALLING REMOTE CONSOLE SOFTWARE

Check the following: When the installation is complete, the following

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specified voltage in the chart below (e.g., 22 kV, 24

Large 30 kV 100 mA 2.5V 0 mA

Small 22 kV 24 mA 0.62V .01 .04 .01 .04 .01 .04

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a. Set S6-6=ON for a 5 second wait.

Small TP17 + R45 4.3 VDC 6.0 VDC 4.8 VDC

Large TP16 + R44 4.3 VDC 6.0 VDC 4.8 VDC

Filament TP8 + R20 10.0 12.5 11.0 VDC

10. Set the system for:

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8. Set the system for:

11 rr ### 18X24 cm Rear-X-Ray Field

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IMPORTANT! When AEC Calibrations are

30 kV If the voltage is too high:

50 mAs a. Press S5 to decrease detector gain by 1.

Manual mode b. Take another exposure

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Then, if necessary, reduce the kV or mA set-

S6-4=ON WARNING! Radiation hazard. The next steps