DBQ 4 Attitudes and Responses to European Exploration and Conquest Identify and onolyze motives, attitudes, and consequences ofthe European age of exploration and conquest. ‘Historical Background; Overseas expansion broadened the geographical horizons of Europeans and brought them into confrontations with ancient civilizations in Africa, Asla, and the Americas. These confrontations led frst to conquest then to exploitation, and finally o profound social changes in both Europe and the conquered tecrcories Document 1 Source: King Ferdinand and Queen Isbelle of Spain, ‘Privileges and Prerogatives Granted by Theis Catholic Majesties” smissive w Christopher Columbus, 1492, For as much of you, Chrisrpher Columbus, are going by our command, with some of our vessels and men, to discover and subdue some Islands and Continent in the ocean, and icis hoped that by God’ assistance, some of the said Islands and Continent in the ocean will be discovered and conquered by your means end conduct, therefore it i but just and reasonable, that since you expose yourself ro such danger to serve us, you should be rewarded for it. And we being willing ‘0 honour and favour You forthe reasons aforesaid: Oue will i, That you, Christopher Calumbur, after discovering and conquering the said Isands and Continent inthe said ocean, or any of them, shall be our Admiral ofthe said Islands and Continent you shall so discover and conquer; and ther you be our Admiral, Vice Roy, and Governour in them. Document 2 Source: Christopher Columbus, leer co Lord Sanches, written in Lisbon shortly ater recurning from his Bist voyage across the Atlantic, March 14, 1493, “Thus they bartered, like idiots, cotton and gold for Fragments of bows, glasses, bores, and jas; which I forbad as being unjust, and myself gave them many beautifl and aeceprable articles which I had brought with me raking nodking from thers in reruns I did chs in order chat T might dhe more easly conciliate chem, that they might be led to become Christians, and be inclined co cntereain a regard forthe King and Queen, our Princes and all Spaniards, and that I might induce them co ake an interest in secking out and collecting, and delivering tous such things as they possessed in abundance, bur which we greadly needed, They practice no kind of idolatry, but havea firm belief thar all swengeh and power, and indeed all good things, are in heaven, and chat I had descended from thence with these ships and sailors tnd under this impression was Irecetved after they had thrown aside their fers Document 3 Source: Fra Soncino,leter to Ludovieo Sforza, Duke of Milan, regarding John Cabot’ fst voyage, 1497. ‘And in the spring he says thar his Majesty will arm some ships, and will give im all che criminals, so chat he may g0 to this country and plant a colony there, And in cis way he hopes co make London a greater place for spices than ‘Alesandria, And the principals ofthe business ae citizens of Bristol, great mariner that now know where «0 gp. They ‘say that che voyage will not rake more chan fifteen days, iffortune favors themn after leaving eeland, I have talked with « Burgundian, a companion of Messer Joanne, who affiems the same, and who is willing to go, since the Admiral, 35 ‘Messer Joanne is already sryled, has given him an island, and has also given another to his barber, a Genoese, and they regard the two as Counts, and my lord, the Admiral, che chief, And I believe that some poor Italian firs will go on the ‘voyage, who have the promise of being bishops. And I, being friend ofthe admiral, iT wished to go, could have an archbishopric. Aas \ \ |‘Bibione Medies Lawensians pagd Aa | Document 4 ounce: Quest Isabella of Spain, leer +0 ner husband, Ferdinand tales to the Kingdom of Castle, written shortly before ur pina nso, in slicing from Pope Aland V1 de conceson of the ands dscveed andro be ir Catholic faith... beg the King my lord very affectionately order to execute and accomplish this intention. Prineass may da peoples ro our hol Jneer and the Prince my 5 Document 5 uffesing from smallpox during the Cor Source: Simeench-cenrury drawing of Aa sy Bernardino de af Naw Spain by Spanish Catholic mi Document 6 Source: Antonio Piaf, Venecan scolar and eave, agen Voge Around he World, Nossa 281929 ed land; Ie enemy natives! formed ia three divisions to he number of more chan one shows down upon us with exceed ch a poisoned When we hundred persons, When they sa us, chy ch dlown upon us chic they shor the capcuia through the right to seve (ree) slows but dhe men rock o ight excepe SOF Sfthern wounded him on the left leg with a arg cudass Sremedistely chy rushed upon him with ion aed bamboo spas. endl chey ied our ind our eue guide :-Based Questions Document 7 Source: Pope Paul lil, Sublimus Dei, May 29, 1537. ‘We, who, though unworthy, exercise on earth che power of our Lord and seek with all our might to bring thse sheep of His lack who ate ouside into the fold committed ro our charge, consides, however, chet the Indians are truly men and that chey are not only capable of understanding the Catholic Faith bus, according to our information, they desire exceedingly to receive it. Desiring to provide ample remedy for these evils, We define and declare by these Our leters, or by aay cransation thereof signed by any nocary public and sealed with the seal of any ecclesiastical dignitay, ro which the same credic shall be given asco the originals, that, notwithstanding whatever may have been or may be said to the contrary, the std Indians and all other people who may later be discovered by Christians, are by no means to be deprived of ther liberry or the possession oftheir propergy, even though they be outside the faith of Jesus Christ and thar they mey and should, ely and legiimacely, enjoy chic liberey and che possession of their property nor should they bein eay way enslaved; should the concrary happen, it shall be null and have no effec. Document 8 Source: Bartolome de Las Cases, Spanish priest and missionary, Historie de las Indias, ea. 1524-1561 “The season the Christians have murdered on such a vast scale and killed anyone and everyone in cher way is purely tnd simply greed. ... Their insatiable greed and overweening ambition know no bounds; the land is fertile and ich, the inhabitants simple, forbeating and submissive. The Spaniards have shown not she slightest consideration for these people, teasing chem (end I speak fom first-hand experience, having been there from the outset) nocas bruce animals— indeed, I would to Ged they had done and had shown them the consideration they afford their animals—so much as piles of dung in the middle of che road. They have had as litle concern for thei souls as for their bodies, all the millions that perished having gone to their deachs with no knowledge of God and without the benefit of che Sacraments Document 9 Sousce: Pope Paul IX, fp Veritas, a papel bull (proclamation) wricten in response to a complaint from the Bishop of Tlascala in Mexico concerning the enslavement of natives 1537 ‘Wishing to corece dis... we declae cat the Indians... even if they are outside the Christan faith cannot and must ror be deprived of their liberty, or their property, and muss by no means be reduced ro servitude