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Selection Guide
PowerFlex 7000 Direct-to-Drive Technology
Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
www.klinkmann.com
POWERFLEX 7000
MEDIUM VOLTAGE AC DRIVES
Direct-to-Drive Technology Reduce the cost, size and weight of your medium
voltage drive system with the Allen-Bradley PowerFlex 7000 with Direct-to-Drive
technology. This is the first and only technology that allows you to directly
connect a medium voltage drive to utility power without the requirement of an
isolation transformer. Isolation transformers with multiple secondary windings
are required for traditional AC drives to address line-side harmonic concerns and
common mode voltage. However, typical isolation transformers are large, heavy,
costly, complex and inefficient. Direct-to-Drive technology combines an Active
Front End (AFE) rectifier to dramatically lower line-side harmonics and a
patented DC link inductor to address common mode voltage at its source. By
addressing harmonics and common mode voltage, the isolation transformer
becomes redundant. This reduces system complexity to maximize uptime and
increases system efficiency to lower operational costs. Exceptional output voltage
and current waveforms, true of our entire product line, make this ideal for
retrofit applications and allow the use of standard motors for new applications.
2
Liquid-Cooled PowerFlex 7000 Users with higher horsepower needs can
reduce energy use and improve process control on motors from 3000 to 8500
hp (2240 to 6340 kW), at 4160 to 6900V nominal supply voltage ratings.
Increase reliability with the closed-loop liquid-cooling system with liquid-to-
air or liquid-to-liquid style heat exchangers options and an integral pump
cabinet. The patented PowerCage modules let you replace power devices in
less than ten minutes. Installation costs are reduced by using a central
cabling cabinet for the complete drive package.
3
DIRECT-TO-DRIVE
TECHNOLOGY
Communications Software
Operator interface software monitors a variety of drive
parameters and trends real-time information to help predict
and prevent downtime.
Power Regeneration
Inherent regeneration provides both the most efficient motor
stopping method and the ability to regenerate power back to
the distribution system.
Synchronous Bypass
Synchronous transfer and bypass capabilities optimize the
efficient control of motors by allowing one drive to control a
multi-motor system.
While the drive controls one motor, critical process
information from each motor is monitored independently.
4
Innovative Design
Historically, medium voltage motor AC drives Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the input
(2.4 kV to 6.9 kV), use power topologies that current is within IEEE 519-1992 and most global
generate common-mode voltage, which can cause harmonic guidelines in virtually every system.
premature failure of the motor winding insulation. Current and voltage waveforms are near
Multi-pulse isolation transformers are typically sinusoidal, minimizing voltage stress on the
used to address this common-mode voltage stress motor winding, even if connected through long
and also to mitigate harmonics. cables.
The innovative PowerFlex 7000 with Direct-to- The Active Front End (AFE) Rectifier
Drive technology connects the power supply To reduce harmonics, the active front end uses
directly to the medium voltage drive without an active switching and Selective Harmonic
isolation transformer. Leading edge technology Elimination (SHE) and provides near-unity
combines three innovations to achieve power factor.
transformerless Direct-to-Drive technology: the
Symmetrical Gate Commutated Thyristor (SGCT) Common Mode Voltage Protection
in both the inverter and rectifier allow operation The integrated common mode choke provides
of high switching frequency to minimize switching a very high impedance to the common mode
losses; the active front end (AFE) rectifier used at current and mitigates motor neutral-to-ground
the input stage; and the common mode choke to voltage.
block common mode voltage.
Dimension comparison between and 18-Pulse drive with isolation transformer (left)
and a PowerFlex 7000 drive with Direct-to-Drive technology (right)
5
AIR-COOLED
COMPACT PACKAGING
6
LIQUID-COOLED
HIGH HORSEPOWER
7
EXTENDED HORSEPOWER
To accommodate higher horsepower applications up to 34,000 hp (25,400 kW),
Rockwell Automation has designed a modular drive system that allows you to add drives until
the drive power matches the application requirements. This system allows continued operation
even with a component failure, is suitable for hot back-up applications and has an option for
control redundancy.
8
OPERATOR INTERFACE
EASY-TO-USE INTERFACE TERMINAL
9
SGCT POWER SEMICONDUCTOR
Low Parts Count The PowerFlex 7000 requires only six inverter
SGCTs (at 2300V) while other drives using IGBTs or IGCTs require
from 18 to 36 power semiconductor switches. The superior
characteristics of the SGCT combined with the fewest number of
components makes the PowerFlex 7000 drive inherently more
The unique characteristics of the SGCT reliable.
and the PowerFlex 7000 drive topology
make it possible to cost-effectively apply SGCT - The Ideal Power Semiconductor Switch for MV
this versatile component into both the Drives The Symmetrical Gate Commutated Thyristor (SGCT) with
PWM inverter and PWM active front end integrated gate drive, high switching frequency, and double-sided
rectifier.
cooling is an ideal power semiconductor switch for MV drive
applications. Its compact and efficient inverter design results from a
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching pattern for the SGCTs
and is optimized for the lowest possible conduction and switching
losses. The SGCT has a non-rupture, non-arc failure mode, meaning
the fault is contained within the device. This ensures minimum
mean-time-to-repair
(MTTR). Other MV
drives using IGBTs,
can have rupture/arc
failure modes that
can lead to
significant (MTTR)
to rebuild the drive.
Rupture, arc Rupture, arc
10
POWERCAGE
AIR & LIQUID-COOLED DESIGNS
Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
11
POWER QUALITY LOWER LINE HARMONICS
12
No Additional Heating or Voltage Stress to
Motor Insulation Compared to Fixed Speed
Operation The PWM switching pattern
in the PowerFlex 7000 reduces the
harmonics going to the motor, especially
at lower operating frequencies. The PWM
pattern works in combination with a
small integral capacitor to reduce the Motor
large order harmonics at higher Voltage
frequencies. The result is no additional (VL-L)
motor heating or voltage stress to motor
insulation compared to fixed speed
operation.
Motor
Virtually Unlimited Motor Cable Current
Distance While some variable frequency
drives have limitations in motor cable
distance due to high switching
frequencies or capacitive coupling, the
cable distance with the PowerFlex 7000 The Direct-to-Drive feature mitigates common mode
is virtually unlimited. This technology is voltage and does not produce dv/dt or reflected
capable of controlling motors as far away wave voltage stress on motors.
as 15 kilometers (9.2 miles) from the
drive.
13
TAKE A TEST DRIVE
PERFORMANCE TESTING MV DRIVES
14
High Horsepower Testing at Rated Load The dynamometer (the motor
and drive arrangement used for load testing) demonstrates high horsepower
liquid-cooled drives at rated load and horsepower to better serve markets
such as the petrochemical or mining industries, or the synchronous motor
retrofit market. By simulating anomalies that occur in the field, the test
facility is able to find solutions quickly, without interrupting your process.
15
INTELLIGENT
MOTOR CONTROL
MEETING TOMORROWS MANUFACTURING NEEDS...TODAY
PROTECTION
Thanks to integrated I/O and advanced diagnostic
and protection capabilities, all Intelligent Motor
Control products constantly monitor the motor
operation to help you follow performance trends
and take remedial action before potential failures
occur. Reduce unwanted downtime while
increasing overall production efficiency.
16
COMMUNICATIONS
Because you have a wide range
of application needs, Intelligent
Motor Control offers a variety of
motor control technologies.
COMMUNICATIONS
The key to intelligence in motor control...
Utilize open networked architecture to enhance motor protection,
share diagnostic information and speed troubleshooting for a
more productive, "intelligent" process.
17
PACKAGING CAPABILITIES
Deal directly with one vendor for a complete
power control house custom-engineered for your
needs. We partner with a variety of manufacturers
to custom design, fabricate, pre-wire and
test the power control house to
accommodate our PowerFlex 7000
medium voltage drives, low voltage and
medium voltage motor control centers,
indoor and outdoor transformers,
indoor and outdoor switchgear, and
other auxiliary equipment. Our control
houses also include the heating,
ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC) system, and lighting, and is
shipped in one piece with lifting lugs
for trouble-free crane handling.
SYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER
Reduce capital costs and energy use with
one VFD to start and synchronize
multiple motors using synchronous
bypass transfer capabilities.
Transfers a load from one variable
frequency bus to a fixed frequency bus
by matching the voltage waveform
frequency, amplitude and phase
relation between the two sources.
Prevents voltage drop, vibration
problems and process disturbances.
Reduces full-load current and optimizes
processes.
Complete system including MV output/
bypass modules and control, are all
manufactured by Rockwell Automation.
18
Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Specifications
Description of Features
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Specifications
POWER
Description Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
Power Rating 150-3000 kW (200 to 5500 hp) 2240-6700 kW (3000-9000 hp)
Motor Type Induction or Synchronous
Input Voltage Rating 2400V, 3300V, 4160V, 6600V 4160V, 6600V, 6900V
Input Voltage Tolerance 10% of Nominal Line Voltage
Voltage Sag -30%
Control Power Loss Ride-Through 5 cycles (Standard); >5 cycles (optional UPS)
Input Protection Surge Arrester AFE Rectifier / Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) 18P
Input Frequency 50/60 Hz, 5%
Input Short-Circuit Current Withstand 5 cycle
Short-Circuit Fault Rating 2400-6600V (25 kA RMS SYM)
Basic Impulse Level (based on Altitude
50 kV 45 kV
of 1000 m (3300 ft.))
Power Bus Design Copper Tin plated
Copper Tin plated
Ground Bus
6 x 51 mm ( x 2 inches)
Customer Control Wireway Separate and Isolated
Input Power Circuit Protection (optional) Vacuum Contactor with Fused Isolating Switch or Circuit Breaker
Input Impedance Device Isolation Transformer or AC Line Reactor
0-2300V, 0-3300V, 0-4160V,
Output Voltage 0-4160V, 0-6600V, 0-6900V
0-6000V, 0-6300V, 0-6600V
220/240V or 110/120V,
Control Power 208-575V, 3 phase, 50/60 Hz
1 phase, 50/60 Hz (20 Amp)
For 2300V, 3300V, and 6900V offering, contact factory.
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Specifications
DESIGN
Description Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
Inverter Design PWM
Inverter Switch Symmetrical Gate Commutated Thyristor (SGCT)
Inverter Switch Failure Mode Non-rupture, Non-arc
Inverter Switch Failure Rate (FIT) 100 per 1 Billion Hours Operation
Inverter/Rectifier Switch Cooling Double-sided, Low Thermal Stress
Inverter Switching Frequency 420 540 Hz
No. of Inverter SGCTs (per phase) 2 at 2400V, 4 at 3300/4160V, 6 at 6600V 4 at 4160V, 6 at 6600/6900V
SGCT Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) Rating 6500V per device
Rectifier Designs Active Front End (AFE) Rectifier or 18-pulse
Typical Line Harmonic Content <5% Current THD (AFE Rectifier)
Typical Power Factor Selectable up to unity (AFE Rectifier)
Rectifier Switch SGCT (AFE Rectifier), SCR (18-pulse Rectifier)
Rectifier Switch Failure Mode Non-rupture, Non-arc
Rectifier Switch Failure Rate (FIT) 50 (SCR), 100 (SGCT) per 1 Billion Hours Operation
AFE: 2 at 2400V, AFE: 4 at 4160V,
4 at 3300/4160V, 6 at 6600V
No. of Rectifier Devices (per phase) 6 at 6600V
18-pulse: 6 for all voltages 18-pulse: 6 for all voltages
SCR Peak Inverse Voltage Rating 18-pulse: 4500V at 2400V, 3300V, 4160V 18-pulse: 4500V at 4160V
(per device) 6500V at 6600V 6500V at 6600V
Fiber Optic Interface Rectifier Inverter Cabinet (Warning/Trip)
Design Standards CSA, UL, IEC, NEMA, ANSI, IEEE
COOLING
Description Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
Cooling Forced Air Liquid
Iron and chlorine-free ethylene glycol mixed
Coolant
with deionized water
Coolant Conductivity Detection 1-2 micro-Siemens per cm/Alarm/Trip
Heat Exchangers Liquid-to-Air; Liquid-to-Liquid
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Specifications
PERFORMANCE
Description Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
Output Waveform to Motor Sinusoidal Current/Voltage
Medium Voltage Isolation Fiber Optic
Modulation Techniques SHE (Selective Harmonic Elimination); PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
Control Method Digital Sensorless Direct Vector, Full Vector Control with Tach Feedback (Optional)
Tuning Method Auto Tuning via Setup Wizard
Speed Regulator Bandwidth 0.1 - 15 Radians/Second
Torque Response Bandwidth 20 - 100 Radians/Second
Normal Duty (variable torque): Normal Duty (variable torque):
110% Overload for 1 minute 110% Overload for 1 minute
Service Duty Rating every 10 minutes every 10 minutes
(Overload Rating) Heavy Duty (constant torque): Heavy Duty (constant torque):
150% Overload for 1 minute Contact Factory
every 10 minutes
Speed Regulation 0.1% without Tachometer Feedback
0.01 0.02% with Tachometer Feedback
Acceleration/Deceleration Range Independent Accel/Decel 1200 sec.
Acceleration/Deceleration Ramp Rates 4 x Independent Accel/Decel
S Ramp Rate 2 x Independent Accel/Decel 1200 sec.
Critical Speed Avoidance 3 x Independent with Adjustable Bandwidth
Stall Protection Delay / Speed
Load Loss Detection Adjustable level, delay, speed set points
Control Mode Speed or Torque
Current Limit Adjustable in Motoring and Regenerating
Output Frequency Range 0.2 Hz to 85 Hz
>98.0% (18-pulse)
Typical VFD Efficiency
>97.5% (AFE Rectifier)
AFE Rectifier: 0.98 min., 30-100% load
Input Power Factor
18-pulse Rectifier with PFCC: 0.95 min., 20-100% load
Harmonic Guidelines IEEE 519-1992 Compliant
VFD Noise Level <85 db(A) per OSHA Standard 3074
Regenerative Braking Capability Inherent No additional Hardware or Software required
Flying Start Capability Yes Able to Start into and Control a Spinning Load in Forward or Reverse Direction
LANGUAGES
Description Air-Cooled Liquid-Cooled
Operator Interface 40-character, 16-line formatted text; 0.1 Hz Display Speed Resolution
Languages English, Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese (Mandarin), French, Italian, German
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Controller Specifications
Drive Configurations
Dimension Comparison
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Configurations
Drive Overview
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Configurations
Configuration #1
Direct-to-Drive
(AFE with DTD DC Link) __________________________________________________
Elimination of isolation transformer results in lower
losses and saved space Direct-
An integrated system solution for fewer connections to-Drive
(Optional
and reduced installation costs
Input
New or existing motors Starter)
Small system footprint
3 cables in / 3 cables out, on entire system for easy
installation
Low line harmonics & high power factor (typical
current THD < 5%, PF > 0.98 with AFE rectifier)
Fan control power and control circuit power supplied
internally
Input starter optional
Configuration #2
AFE Rectifier
(Separate isolation transformer) _ _________________________________________
Optimum installation flexibility with connection to
indoor or outdoor isolation transformers
Compact packaging for smallest footprint
requirements
New or existing motors
3 cables in / 3 cables out, for easy installation AFE
Low line harmonics & high power factor (typical Rectifier
current THD < 5%, PF > 0.98)
Fan control power supplied internally (1-Phase
control circuit power supplied by customer,
120V / 60 Hz, 110V / 50 Hz, 20 amp)
Configuration #3
AFE Rectifier
(Integral isolation transformer) ____________________________________________
An integrated system solution for fewer connections
and reduced installation costs Integral
Small system footprint Isolation
Transformer
New or existing motors
3 cables in / 3 cables out for easy installation
Integral cooling fans for VFD & transformer
Low line harmonics & high power factor (typical
current THD < 5%, PF > 0.98)
Fan control power supplied internally (1-Phase
control circuit power supplied by customer,
120V / 60 Hz, 110V / 50 Hz, 20 amp)
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Configurations
Configuration #1
Direct-to-Drive
(AFE with DTD DC link) ____________________________________________________________________
Elimination of isolation transformer results in lower losses and
saved space
An integrated system solution for fewer connections and reduced
installation costs
New or existing motors
Small system footprint
3 cables in / 3 cables out, on entire system for easy installation
Integral cooling fan for VFD
Low line harmonics & high power factor (typical current THD < 5%,
PF > 0.98 with AFE rectifier)
Configuration #2
AFE Rectifier
(Separate isolation transformer) ____________________________________________________________
Optimum installation flexibility with connection to indoor or outdoor
isolation transformers
Compact packaging for smallest footprint requirements
New or existing motors
3 cables in / 3 cables out, for easy installation
Low line harmonics & high power factor (typical current THD < 5%,
PF > 0.98)
Configuration #3
18-pulse Rectifier ___________________________________________________________________
Optimum installation flexibility with connection to indoor or outdoor
isolation transformers
New or existing motors
Small system footprint
9 cables in / 3 cables out on entire system for easy installation
Low line harmonics (typical current THD < 5%)
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drive Configurations
Configuration #1
Direct-to-Drive
(AFE with DTD DC link) _____________________________________________________________________
Elimination of isolation transformer results in
lower losses and saved space
An integrated system solution for fewer
connections and reduced installation costs
New or existing motors
Small system footprint
3 cables in / 3 cables out, on entire system
for easy installation
Low line harmonics & high power factor
(typical current THD < 5%, PF > 0.98 with
AFE rectifier)
Configuration #2
AFE Rectifier
(Separate isolation transformer) _____________________________________________________________
Optimum installation flexibility with
connection to indoor or outdoor isolation
transformers
Compact packaging for smallest footprint
requirements
New or existing motors
3 Cables in / 3 cables out, for easy installation
Low line harmonics & high power factor
(typical current THD < 5%, PF > 0.98)
Configuration #3
18-pulse Rectifier _______________________________________________________________________
Optimum installation flexibility with connection
to indoor or outdoor isolation transformers
New or existing motors
Small system footprint
9 cables in / 3 cables out on entire system
for easy installation
Low line harmonics (typical current THD < 5%)
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Normal Duty Ratings, Dimensions and Weights
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Normal Duty Ratings, Dimensions and Weights
6600 40-215 400-2050 500-2750 70.9 129.92 X 104 X 39.4 (3300 X 2643 X1000) 6500 (2955)
(50/60 Hz) 250-430 2240-4100 3000-5500 70.18 165.36 X 104 X 39.4 (4200 X 2643 X1000) 9000 (4100)
Normal Duty ratings usually apply to variable torque loads / overload rating is 110% for 1 minute, once every 10 minutes. For Heavy Duty ratings (usually apply
to constant torque loads / overload rating is 150% for 1 minute, once every 10 minutes), or other ratings, contact factory.
For 375A and 430A rated Direct-to-Drive and AFE configurations, maximum ambient temperature is limited to 35 deg. C.
Heights shown include the standard fan shroud (removable for shipping). If a redundant fan (removable for shipping) is specified, the height is 118.11 in. (3000 mm).
Actual VFD structure height is 89.56 in. (2275 mm).
Contact Factory for 50 Hz ratings.
430A rating is not available for 6600V 50/60 Hz Direct-to-Drive and AFE air-cooled configurations.
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Normal Duty Ratings, Dimensions and Weights
Normal Duty ratings usually apply to variable torque loads / overload rating is 110% for 1 minute, once every 10 minutes. For Heavy Duty ratings (usually apply
to constant torque loads / overload rating is 150% for 1 minute, once every 10 minutes), or other ratings, contact factory.
Outdoor liquid-to-air heat exchanger dimensions and weights are not shown. Integral liquid-to-liquid HEX versions are also available. Contact factory for details.
For 2300 and 3300V ratings, contact factory.
Structure codes shown are for use with liquid-to-air heat exchangers. VFD dimensions and weights for use with liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers are the same.
Total size and weight of the VFD is shown, however, these three VFD configurations are shipped in two shipping splits to facilitate easier handling.
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Topology
Topology
Rectifier Design Selection There are two basic rectifier configurations (AFE and 18-Pulse) offered as options for
the PowerFlex 7000. It is advantageous when selecting a rectifier design to have a
good understanding of what the customers needs and limitations are with regards to
power factor, space requirements, harmonic specifications, and cost, etc. Both options
offer efficiency, motor protection, energy savings, and optimization of power quality in
varying degrees. Both of these options comply with the recommended IEEE 519-1992
requirements regarding harmonic distortion in virtually every power system.
AFE Rectifier An Active Front End (AFE) rectifier is shown in Figure 1. This is a particularly attractive
option since it does not require an isolation transformer with multiple secondary windings
to meet IEEE 519-1992 requirements. This results in a drive system that has the highest
efficiency, simplest configuration, and offers the lowest total cost of ownership. The typical
drive efficiency rating at full load full speed is 97.5%. Most available technologies in todays
Medium Voltage market require a multi-winding transformer to mitigate by phase shifting
the undesirable harmonic distortion in the transformer secondary windings. Depending
on the topology, the transformer can have up to 15 sets of secondary windings. This
compounds the complexity of the system.
The AFE rectifier uses a PWM switching pattern that complies with similar rules as the
inverter. The pattern used is a 7-pulse Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) pattern that
eliminates the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonics. The input capacitors are designed to reduce the
current harmonics of the higher order. The filter resonant frequency is placed below 300Hz
where no residual harmonics exist. The filter transfer function technique is used to place
the filter break frequency in a region where no harmonics are present. This prevents the
excitation of system harmonic frequencies.
Other factors that are considered when designing the filter are the input power factor
and the requirement on Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of input current and voltage
waveforms. The AFE rectifier requires only a three-phase input from the customers power
supply. While an isolation transformer is not required to address harmonics, a transformer
can be configured to reduce the higher system voltage to operating voltage level, based on
the variable frequency drive and motor operation voltage (see Figure 1).
RECTIFIER L+ M+ INVERTER
Input Disconnecting
Device
L- M-
Figure 1 4160V Drive with Isolation Transformer and Active Front End Rectifier
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Topology
Direct-to-Drive
(AFE Rectifier with
DTD DC link)
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Topology
The AFE rectifier switching pattern uses a similar control algorithm to the inverter. The
pattern used is a 7-pulse selective harmonic elimination (SHE) pattern, which eliminates
the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonics. Figure 4 shows the typical rectifier switching pattern with
7-pulse with a single phase representation. This switching pattern is repeated for all three
phase shifting 120 electrical degrees, resulting in a 42-pulse overall rectifier switching
pattern. The duration of the on-state time will then determine the controlled rectifier voltage
to the DC link.
The drive has a defined firing and applies the above firing pattern to three phases.
The drive rectifier has the following firing order: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 with the bridge
hardware configuration as outlined in Figure 5. As shown, the 4160 V rectifier uses
two (2) - 6500 volt power devices in series to achieve the optimum electrical peak
inverse blocking margin of 13000 volts for each leg.
Leg 1 Leg 4
Leg 3 Leg 6
Leg 5 Leg 2
L-
L+
Negative Legs
Positive Legs
Figure 5 4160V Rectifier
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Topology
The input capacitors connected at the input with the rectifier are designed to reduce the
higher frequency current harmonics. The inductance/capacitor resonant frequency is placed
below 300 Hz where no characteristic harmonics exist. This prevents the excitation of
system harmonic frequencies. The capacitor is selected to provide high input power factor.
In most cases, a line reactor can be used to provide the required design impedance, giving
additional current limiting features to a line-side short circuit fault. When operating from
a power source that does not require voltage matching to the drive rating, a simple line
reactor configuration can be adopted. (See Figure 6)
RECTIFIER L+ M+ INVERTER
Input Disconnecting
Line Protection SGCTs SGCTs
2U (X1) U (T1)
DC LINK
2V (X2) V (T2)
2W (X3) W (T3)
L- M-
Figure 6 4160 Volt Drive with Line Reactor and AFE Rectifier
The rectifier input current and voltage waveforms are shown in Figure 7. A current Total
Harmonic Distortion (THD) of approximately 5.0 % is achieved. The voltage distortion is
based on the customers maximum short circuit rating (ISC) and maximum demand load
current (IL). With a ratio of 20, the voltage distortion will be less than 3%.
I Line
V L-L
Figure 7 Active Front End Line Input Waveforms
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Bulletin 7000
Medium Voltage Drives Power Quality
Comparison of Rectifier Types
Figure 8 - Input Current Total THD (%) for different rectifier types
Rockwell_Medium_Voltage_Drives_Select_en_0611.pdf