Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
4, 115-121
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajme/3/4/2
Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/ajme-3-4-2
3.1. Preprocessing
Preprocessing starts with the achievement of
geometric model of structure, Figure 4.
structure has been meshed into a number of 1508119 2 - dynamic effects when lifting the load from the
elements with 493 830 nodes. ground,
=
2 2,min + 2 vh (5)
1 + 0.79
fat ,2
= = 0.90 (9)
2
fat =1.05 + 0.90 =1.95 (10)
There are three important objectives: a) determining the From structural analysis it can be drawn two
maximum equivalent stress in the weld; b) distribution conclusions:
map of tensions in the whole structure; c) the deformed - Value of equivalent tension in compressed area is i
shape of the structure under the action of loads determined =74,5 [N/mm2], being the tension value in HAZ (Heat
previously. Affected Zone).
a) determination of the maximum equivalent stress in - Non-destructive investigation US/PL will be done in
the weld, as sum of loads considered for fatigue calculus, the central zone of bearing beam, but also in pillars
i =74[N/mm2], Figure 6. beam connection zone, Figure 6 and Figure 8.
b) distribution map of tensions in the whole structure, Following visual control (VC) in pillars beam
Figure 7 connection zone (zone detected by FEA, Figure 8), crack
was found in the HAZ of weld of pillar-bearing beam, as
shown in Figure 10.
Elevation Installations) operating book and the machine's - Rest time during one cycle and between consecutive
history operation is established the lifetime DISCIR time cycles:
[years] = 23 years.
tr.I = tr.II = 600 [s]; (22)
4.1. Calculus of Average Number of Working - The degree of utilization q1; q2 :
Cycles [8] tc
q=
1 q=
2 = 0.617 (23)
The average number of machine cycles per year is tc + t r . I
calculated for 250 working days, 8 hours daily .
Notations: - Average number of daily cycles nz [cycles]:
H. med- lifting height = 8 m nz =8 nc,max (q1 + q 2 ) =36, 75 (24)
L.c_med displacement of trolley =28 (m)
L.p_mp crane displacement on tracks =100 (m) - Average number of cycles per year, nyear [cycles]:
Vr lifting speed=4.25 m/min
n year =
nz nworking .days =
9.189 103 cycles (25)
Vdc trolley speed = 25 m/min
Vdp crane speed=31.5 m/min - Total number of cycles during functioning time
tr.I- rest time between cycles, for shift I according to ISCIR book, DISCIR= 23 years:
tr.II- rest time between cycles, for shift II, tr.I = tr.II= 600 [s]
Is made the calculus of average working times, nmax .ISCIR =
n year DISCIR =
2.11 105 (26)
considering that the crane the trolley dont travel the With total number of cycles determined it can be found
whole displacement. the class of loading spectrum, according to Table 2.11-SR
- Lifting respectively lowering the load t1 (s) EN 1991-3/2007, resulting class U4.
H med With data from technical inspection in situ have been
= =
t1 60 113 s (17) determined:
vr
- The load used for fatigue calculation, Qe
- Time of trolley displacement t2 (s) - Lifting class HC2 / S4-S5;
- Total number of cycles during functioning time.
Lc.med
= =
t2 60 67 s (18)
vdc 4.2. Establishing Stressed Welding Detail
- Time of crane displacement on tracks t3 (s) 1. The detail category its established according to SR
CEN/TS 13001/2005 [9].
L p.mp
= = 190
t3 60 (19) The detail category c (N/mm2) of the weld joint
vdp shape its established regarding the potential cracks
between the basics elements and welding material, and the
- The duration of a complete cycle: most heavily stressed elements of machine during work
tc = 4 t1 + 2 t2 + 2 t3 = 967 s (20) cycles.
For the portal crane MPT 20/5, with suspended trolley,
- Maximum number of cycles per hour: the most stressed item is welded joint between wall and
bottom flange of the caisson beam on which acts running
3600
nc=
.max = 3.72 (21) wheel trolley with lifting-lowering mechanism, Figure 13
tc and Figure 14.
Fatigue curves are established in accordance with SR solicitation of considered welding detail can be calculated
EN 1993 [10] and ENV 1993 [11], respectively diagram in according to ENV 1993 correlated with SR CEN / TS
Figure 15: 13001.
2. Values of variables
Ff = 1,0; Mf = 1,35 (27)
Its considered the condition, according to SR EN
1993/2006 (ENV 1993/1992):
D
Ff i (28)
Mf