PROJECT

REPORT :
FIDDLER : EM110
PROGRAM
LIFT : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
COURSE
DESIGN
COURSE CODE : MEC332
GROUP : EM1105F
LECTURER : SIR MOHD FAIZUL IDHAM BIN
MOHD ZULKIPLI
 Organizational Chart
Project Leader
Muhammad Wafi Jufri Bin
Juzi Zaini

Project Assistance
Ahmad Nazirul Mubin Bin
Abdul Latiff

Development Team

Main Support Team Leader Stability Base Team Leader

Baba Harris Azariel Bin Muhammad Izzul Fitri Bin Mohd
Baba Haizal Fahari

Hi-Tech Roller Team Leader Mobilize Cage Team Leader

Rosman A/L Roslan Muhammad Shafik Bin Aziz

Pulley Holder Team Leader

Muhammad Erwan Ezuddin Bin
Azmi

EM1105F FIDDLER LIFT

 TABLE OF CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.....................................................................................................................5
ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 1.........................................................................................................................................7
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................7
1.0 BACKGROUND OF DESIGN.............................................................................................7
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT....................................................................................................8
1.3 OBJECTIVES.......................................................................................................................9
1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS..............................................................................................10
1.5 SIGNIFICANCES OF THE PROJECT...............................................................................11
1.6 CHAPTER OUTLINE.........................................................................................................12
CHAPTER 2.......................................................................................................................................13
LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................................................13
2.1 DESIGN CONCEPT...........................................................................................................13
2.1.1 Vertical Transportation.................................................................................................13
2.1.2 Main support ...............................................................................................................14
2.1.3 Pulley Holder...............................................................................................................15
2.1.4 Rail for roller...............................................................................................................15
2.1.5 Roller...........................................................................................................................16
2.1.6 Base concept................................................................................................................17
2.1.7 Chain Hoist..................................................................................................................19
2.1.8 Cage.............................................................................................................................21
2.2 SUMMARY OF PAST DESIGN.........................................................................................22
CHAPTER 3.......................................................................................................................................23
SOLID MODELLING........................................................................................................................23
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................23
3.1 GANTT CHART.................................................................................................................24
3.2 SKETCHES ........................................................................................................................26
3.3 FACTOR RATING METHOD............................................................................................31
3.4 BILL OF MATERIALS ......................................................................................................34
3.4.1 Main support................................................................................................................35
3.4.2 Cage.............................................................................................................................36
3.4.3 Pulley holder................................................................................................................37
3.4.4 Base.............................................................................................................................38
3.4.5 Roller....................................................................................................................... 39

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 3.5 SOLIDWORK DESIGN......................................................................................................40
3.5.1 Cage.............................................................................................................................41
3.5.2 Pulley holder................................................................................................................42
3.5.3 Base.............................................................................................................................43
3.5.4 Roller...........................................................................................................................44
3.5.5 Complete Lift...............................................................................................................45
3.6 CALCULATION.................................................................................................................46
CHAPTER 4.......................................................................................................................................50
REDESIGN AND PROBLEM SOLVING..........................................................................................50
4.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................50
4.2 IMPROVEMENT................................................................................................................50
DISCUSSION.....................................................................................................................................56
CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................................57
RECOMMENDATION.......................................................................................................................58
REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................59
APPENDIX.........................................................................................................................................60

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With the name of Allah the Merciful and the Benvolent.

We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Allah S.W.T. for providing us an opportunity to
complete this project with success.

We sincerely thank to Mr. Muhammad Faizul Idham bin Mohd Zulkipli, our lecturers design
in Mechanical Engineering who gave our class opportunity to do this wonderful project on this
project Lift, which also helped our class in doing a lot of research and we came to know about so
many things we are really thankful to sir.

We are thankful to our classmates, staffs, and technical assistance especially, for providing us
the technical support to carry out the project work. And also let us to utilise all the necessary
facilities of the workshop and for guidance at each and every step during the project.

Lastly, we also immensely grateful to our parents for providing us extra money and good
advice for our project.

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 ABSTRACT

This project presents a methodology about transportation (lift) for disable person. Lift is a
type of vertical transportation that moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a
building, vessel, or other structure. Lift are generally powered by electric motors that either drive
traction cables or counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical
piston like a jack. Our project, focuses on concept of loft in detail. We will explain and described
the design and analysis of transportation lift. The proper design procedure and enlisted the material
used in detail. Capabilities of our efficient lift will fulfil all the emerging needs for the disable
person to move from first floor to second floor. Success of every concept largely replies on research
and the development, through transportation lift has shown excellent potentials for future benefits
for the society.

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 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.0 BACKGROUND OF DESIGN

This project is to design of a transportation lift for disable person which is made from the
real materials. This product prototype is made with main materials such as roller, chain hoist,
hollow steel, L steel and other materials. Various concept and science laws are applied to this human
powered lift for disable person such as the mechanical and physical properties of the selected
material such as safety, toughness, strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and the optimum
materials involve in the fabricating product. The main idea of the product prototype i to design a
human powered transportation lift for disable person with simply and recreational concept. With
using a secondhand materials that we bought, it more cheaper and easier to use.

This project is specified to describe the design of the lift using chain hoist as a main
material to lift our lift between floors for disable person. The secondhand of chain hoist to reduce
the cost of the lift as we are using our own money.

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1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

As we are doing based in Campus UITM Bukit Besi, our main problem is we do not have
transportation such as elevator or escalator for disable person to go to the second floor of Bilik
Kuliah.

As we concern about this problem, we decided to build a lift for transportation for disable
person as our project. The disable person will be offered our lift as their transportation to the second
floor without difficulties. The disable person that cannot stand up by him/herself, we built our lift
that can fit with wheelchair. Using our lift as the main transportation at Bilik Kuliah for disable
person to reach at the second floor, this will reduce the cost to build an escalator or elevator. Bilk
Kuliah only have until second floor, so to make an elevator will be more difficulty as we know the
budget is high and also need a lot of space and renovation on it.

This project we highlight is to design of a human powered transportation (lift) which is

made from the real materials. This product prototype is made with mad materials such as roller,
chain hoist, hollow steel, L steel and other materials. This report is specified to describe the design
of how lift is actually work with roller that support with chain hoist.

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1.2 OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this project are defined as below:

I. To design the human powered transportation (lift) for disable person specific using
chain hoist.

II. To understand how the transportation lift actually work.

III. To solve the design problem of engineering structures.

IV. To understand and explain the basic concepts of Mechanical Design and using computer
engineering software to solve design problems.

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1.3 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The scope and limitations of this project are defined as below:

I. The maximum capacity of the lift is only 2 person respectively.

II. Lift capable to use even the land are not flat

III. Using roller to lift the cage that support with the chain hoist.

IV. To ensure ergonomics factor is fulfilled to the passenger.

V. To ensure the safety of the passenger.

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1.4 SIGNIFICANCES OF THE PROJECT

The significances of this project are describe as below:

I. As known, UiTM Bukit Besi is a campus that specialise for engineering course. As we are
from mechanical engineering, to complete our Final Year Project we decided to focus the
problem based on our campus.

II. To gain knowledge about soft skill of machining. Soft skills would include knowledge,
machine operation, computer procedures, safety standards, systems of equipment and
technical analysis. Developing interpersonal skills affects all of the life far beyond career.

III. To adapt, work and manage project under pressure. Manage to adapt to very high levels of
anxiety and stress such as working under pressure involves tackling difficult situations
which are challenging to resolve. The difficulty of the situation may be the result of time
constraints, complex problems, unrealistic expectations, competing demands, limited
resources, limited control, or a combination of any of these challenges.

IV. To build teamwork between classmates. A group will properly managed, teamwork
maximise strengths, supports a more empowered way of working and bringing out the best
in each team member.

V. Learn to be much more disciplined when doing a task. Helps to manage time properly in
order to finish the task at hand.

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1.5 CHAPTER OUTLINE

Our project cover 4 chapters in MEC 322. For chapter 1, elaborates the background of
design, the problem statement, the objective of our project, the scope and limitation and the
significances of the project. Next, for chapter 2 we cover about the design concept of our project
and summary based on past design. Moreover, for chapter 3 contains the details about solid
modelling, Gant chart, sketches, factor rating method, bill of materials and solid work design.
Lastly, chapter 4 states about the improvement of the design, calculation and conclusion.

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 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 DESIGN CONCEPT

2.1.1 Vertical Transportation

Vertical transportation is a phrase used to describe the various means of travelling between
floors in a building. All buildings with more than one storey of course have at least one set of stairs
and the provision of stairs is a very important consideration when designing buildings in order to
ensure all the occupants of the building can escape safely in the event of a fire.

In buildings with more than four storeys, a lift is desirable as there is a limit to how far
people are willing to walk up stairs. In addition to this, stairs are unsuitable for infirm and mobility
impaired persons so buildings with only two storeys are sometimes fitted with a lift.

A third option is the escalator which is ideally suited for high volume applications such as
shopping malls and airports but not practical for high rise buildings as they take up a lot of space.

In our project we use the concept of portable easy to assemble where the user can assemble
and disassemble the lift easily. We also can assemble and disassemble the base, from the original
part. In this project we use only one pole which can support only one person to bring him to the
upper level powered by chain hoist.

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2.1.2 Main Support

The main support is the most important component in designing a lift. The main support is
inspired by liftPod or other name is a personal portable lift which was being created to make our life
easier. For our support we used 2 x 1 hollow steel and we combined it with 4 similar steel to
increase the strength of the support using gas metal art welding (GMAW). We also add L-square
steel to both side of our support to make sure it strength enough to support the load from chain
block, chain block casing, the cage and especially the people who used our lift.

L-square steel also act as roller railway for the lift and the L-square steel we welded to the
main support using shield art metal welding (SMAW). Our main support can be removed and
installed in the slot which already welded to the base of our lift. The L-square is also being used to
avoid our main support from buckling and broke into
two part caused by inability of our pole to
accommodate too many force.

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2.1.3 Pulley Holder

The pulley holder is one of the essential parts in our portable lift because it is where we hang
our chain hoist to pull both the roller and the cage upwards. The design of our pulley holder was
inspired from a crane pulley where it hangs its pulley yet still can withstand the high force exerted
to it.

2.1.4 Rail For Roller

The L-shaped rail roller on our lift was simply inspired from sliding door. The function is to
act as a base of the roller to move along the way into their frames at the top and bottom. For safety
precaution, the L-shaped mild steel with thickness 5mm was chosen compare with other provided
items. Moreover, the L-shaped mild steel is the thickest one among the other mild steel. The 45
degree of L- shaped easier the searching of the right roller. The rail roller was weld on the poles at
sides by sides using SMAW which is welding with external electrode as its higher joining
capabilities compare to MIG. The rail roller was weld along the way from the bottom to the tops to
ensure the rail roller are not disconnect suddenly.

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2.1.5 Roller

Our roller was inspired from the adjustable table of drilling machine. When people roll the paddle at
the drilling machine, the table can be adjust upward and downward. Same goes to our roller, which
is our roller also can be lift upwards and downwards by the chain hoist. Our roller functions as a
medium to move the cage vertically smoothly.

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2.1.6 Base Concept

In order to improve the existence of transportation to lift things up to moderate high in an

area, we have determined that the concept of portable and dissemble & reassemble is very
suitable to be used. As stated concept, we have designed the base with some parts which can be
dissemble & reassemble to make it easier for the user to use and place it at various places. There
are four steel extensions which will be combined at the each end of the four base legs. Those four
extensions used to widen the centre of gravity of the base. The back end of the base has the port
used to install the pole when the user is going to use the elevator to rise things up. Thus, when the
user would like to move the whole elevator to other distance location, the steel extensions and the
pole can be dissemble to be brought to the location more easily.

Inspiration

The base is actually inspired by the tripod stand which has three or four legs used to widen
the area and centre of gravity while holding a long shaft vertically. The nearest example we could
see around us is the microphone holder. The microphone tripod holder mostly manufactured on
three legs while supporting the microphone which has the weight of its own. Thanks for tripod legs,
because of its mechanism to enhance the stability by widening its centre of gravity, the microphone
success to maintain its position at the top of the shaft from falling to the ground.

Function

The base part is located at the bottom level of the elevator, so it is manufactured not to fully
support the weight or force driven by the object need to be raised but to enhance and control the
stability of the elevator by widening its area or increase its centre of gravity. Same goes with
microphone tripod holder, the object at the top success to be maintained its position from falling to
the ground.

2.1.7 Chain Hoist

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 Manual chain hoist is a pretty simple device considering the large amount of weight such a
tool can lift. Chain hoists are made from durable, high grade steel to ensure safety and reliability
when lifting couple of tons heavy loads. Manual chain hoist can be separated in three different part
categories: lifting chains, lifting mechanism and hooks.

Chain hoist has got two chain loops hand chain and lifting chain. Hand chain sits on a
wheel located in the lifting mechanism, it needs to be pulled by hand in order to lift a load. The
wheel inside the lifting mechanism has got special pockets that allow the hand chain to move the
wheel. Lifting chain also loops the lifting mechanism and lifts or lowers a load. At the end of the
chain there is a grab hook, where you can attach lifting chains or slings, a load leveler or load itself.
There is also a hook on the top of the chain hoists housing. This hook is used to attach the hoist to a
ceiling mount, trolley system or other construction that can withstand the weight a hoist will lift.
Most chain hoists have swivel hooks, meaning that they can be turned 360 degrees around to allow
for easier mounting. The lifting mechanism consists of a cog, axle, drive shaft, gears and sprockets.

There is also a chain stopper or brake on most chain hoists that prevents load from lowering under a
load.

How a manual Chain Hoist work

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 The physics behind a chain hoist are very simple and have been used for lifting heavy objects
for a long time. Chain hoist uses a mechanical advantage to transform small force over a long
distance to large force over a short distance, this is possible by using multiple larger and smaller
gears in the chain hoist mechanism.

To lift a load, chain hoist operator needs to pull down the hand chain, this turns the cog and
axle which goes through the lifting mechanism. Inside the lifting mechanism are multiple gears
which increase the mechanical work applied when pulling the hand chain for dozen times using
gear ratio, allowing to easily lift loads with multiple ton capacity.

So when the hand chain is pulled, the cog which is rotated by the hand chain turns the drive
shaft and gears which turn the load chain sprocket, this also rotates the load chain that is looped
over the load chain sprocket and lifts a load. Larger gears move slower than smaller gears, but
create more force, this is why chain hoist lifts load very slowly when compared to a hydraulic hoist.
At the end of the lifting chain is a grab hook, which allows to easily attach and detach a load. Also,
most chain hoist lifting mechanisms have a ratchet or braking system that prevents the load from
slipping back, but allows to lower a load by pulling the other side of the hand chain.

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2.1.8 Cage

Cage was inspired by the cage used in the LiftPod that can fit one person at a time of lifting.
Our cage works by placing it on top of the Roller which then will be carried by the roller to be
moved up and down. Our cages design is appropriate for a person equipped with a wheelchair to fit
in it and also has doors at both ways to ease the getting-in and getting-out process.

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2.2 Summary past design
In the 17th century the prototypes of elevators were located in the
In the 17th century palace buildings of England and France and a so-called 'flying chair'
in 1743.The invention of a system based on the Lead Screw was
perhaps the most important step in elevator technology since ancient
times, leading to the creation of modern passenger elevators.

In the 1852

In 1852, the design of lifts evolved again when Elisha Otis

pioneered the safety elevator, which ensured that the cab of the lift
wouldnt fall if the cable snapped. Then in 1870 the Equitable Life
Building in New York became the first building in the world to have
passenger lifts installed, signalling the beginning of a new era for
building construction and less of a need for stairs.

In the 1963

The Scissor Lift was first patented in 1963 by Charles Larson of the
USA. A scissor lift is a type of platform that can usually only move
vertically. The mechanism to achieve this is the use of linked,
folding supports in a criss-cross "X" pattern, known as
a Pantograph .The upward motion is achieved by the application of
pressure to the outside of the lowest set of supports, elongating the
crossing pattern, and propelling the work platform vertically. The
platform may also have an extending "bridge" to allow closer
access to the work area, because of the inherent limits of vertical-
only movement.

CHAPTER 3

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 SOLID MODELLING

INTRODUCTION

This chapter evaluates Gantt chart, Sketches, Factor Rating Method, Bill of Materials and
Solid work Design. Gantt charts below shows the development of the project from earlier of this
project until it finished. Furthermore, five sketches are provided to show the multiple choices of
ideas that had been gathered to be used for this project. The selected sketch for the real project are
also provided. Moreover, Factor Rating Methods is the table that state the rating that had be given to
each materials. Next, Bill of Materials elaborates the quantity of material that will be used during
making the project. Lastly, the solid work for each part of this project are also provided such as
roller, cage, stability and others.

3.1 Gantt Chart

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 SEPTEMBE
NO ACTIVITY JUNE JULY AUGUST OCTOBER
R

Weeks 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

1 Brainstorming

2 Sketching Design

3 Design Selection

Modelling &
4
Analysis

Material Selection &

5
Preparation

6 Fabrication

7 Testing & Redesign

Blueprint/Report
8
Preparation

Presentation of
9
Product

Table 3.1. The Gantt chart for The Development of The Project

Explanation Gantt Chart

In development of project, firstly we need to brainstorm the idea based on the task given which is
`lift project. We need to generate a lot of idea from each member and combined it to make a high quality
project. Thats why it took 17 weeks for brainstorming because the idea cannot stop coming before the

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project is finished. After brainstorming, we need to do the sketch design. The function of sketching is to
elaborate the idea into design. So that we have done 4 sketching and one of them are selected to proceed for
our project. It took 4 weeks for us to finish the sketch design. Then we need to do the design selection based
on the sketching design that we have done before. The design was selected based on the few factor such as
great idea, not too expensive, easy to make up and others. We need 5 weeks to do the design selection to
make sure that we select the best design.

After design selection, we need to do the modelling and analysis. The factor of analysis are to make
sure that the project are finish based on the specification needed for example the measurement, strengthness
and others. It took 6 weeks to do the analysis. When the analysis was done, then we need to do the material
selection and preparation. Material must be select based on the analysis that we have done and it took 4
weeks to be prepared.

After the material needed is sufficient , then we start to fabricate our project based on the selected
sketching design before. It took 13 weeks to fully finished our project . In period of finishing our project, we
need to do some test and redesign for the some failure to make sure that the project can be finished based on
our specification. We need for 4 weeks to do some test and redesign if there is a failure.

For report preparation, 14 weeks needed to fully finished it. In this report, we need to elaborate more
details for every part of our project and also process in finishing our project. After finished all the work, then
its time for us to present our project. The presents day are on weeks 4 of October.

3.2 SKETCHES

After a few weeks of brainstorming, four sketches were chosen. Figure 3.2.1 shows the first
sketch of the vertical transportation that was name Design 1.

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 Figure 3.2.1: Design 1

This design use the concept that similar to the fishing reel. Fishing reel is a cylindrical
device attached to fishing rod that function to windings and stowing line.

Related to this design, the paddle will pull and push the cable in order to create thrust force
to lift the cage upward. Because of large case, the lift is expected to need a very high strength and
human power to spin the paddle and required multiple force to counter gravitational force.

Figure 3.2.2 shows the second sketch of the vertical transportation that was named Design 2.

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 Figure 3.2.2: Design 2

The design uses the application of car jack and adapt it as mechanism to lift the cage
upward. It also known as scissor concept. This elevator are designed to reduce strength and human
power but this design are fixed and difficult to reassemble. It also expected to having problem in
transportation this elevator.

Figure 3.2.3 shows the second sketch of the vertical transportation that was named Design 3.

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 Figure 3.2.3: Design 3

This design of elevator has mechanism that similar to fishing reel which is, a cylindrical
device to lift the cage upward. The paddle will pull the cable that its end attached to the cage. To
reduce the strength and human power required to spin the paddle, the cable is combined with
existence of more gears to multiple the human force. This design is fixed and impossible to
reassemble.

Figure 3.2.4 shows the second sketch of the vertical transportation that was name Design 4.

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 Figure 3.2.4: Design 4

This design is a simple common design of an elevator but added with a innovative idea
which is using a chain block that can reduce cost and ease the operation procedures. It has large and
fixed frame that can hold the cage strongly. it also have a great stability. But unfortunately, the
design are cannot be assemble & reassemble and portability of this elevator are impossible

Sketch Chosen

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 After we brainstorm all the sketch, we agree to combine the four sketch. The Figure 3.2.5
shows the sketch of the best design and we named it Fiddler Lift.

Figure 3.2.5: Fiddler Lift

The design or elevators are similar to the concept of portable easy to assemble that use chain
hoist to lift up the cage. We choose chain hoist because it is easy when lift the heavy or big thing
between 80-100kg. The weights include with cage and disable person that task give to us. The base
that we use to stable the lift is inspired by microphone stand. We choose this design because it is
portable which all the part can be assemble and reassemble easily.

3.3 FACTOR RATING METHOD

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FACTOR EXPLANATION

Size The right sizes of the roller need to be created according the size of the cages. As
the size of the cage is big, we need to create the roller that suitable with cage. As
it not too large or small so that it can lift the cages.

Weight The weight of the roller influences the stability of the cage. It is more stable in
operation when lift up and down of the cage and it can cause the cage to collapsed
if the weight was not calculated correctly.
Screw Use the suitable size of screw. So that, it easy to fit with the plate that we combine
together to make the roller. The length of the screw also important so that excess
of the screw are not long that will distracted the size of roller.

Ergonomic An ergonomic roller is needed so that it can fit with the cage. So we use square
shape to make sure the roller is easy to attach with the cage.
Maintenance Roller is the important part of the lift. So, the roller must be maintain at every
time to make sure the screw and the roller are not rusty. To ensure it maintain, the
spare part roller and screw that use are easy to find and buy it.

Table 3.3.1: Explanation of Factor for Roller

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Sketch Roller

Figure 3.3.1: U-Roller

Figure 3.3.2: V- Roller

Figure Above Shows Us The Differences Between U-Roller & V-Roller

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 WEIGHT SCORE
SCORE (1-10)
(WEIGHT SCORE)
WEIGHTAGE
U-Roller V-Roller U-Roller V-Roller
SIZE 20 7 9 140 180
WEIGHT 15 7 8 105 120
SCREW 10 6 8 60 80
ERGONOMIC 20 7 6 140 120

MAINTENANCE 20 8 9 160 180

TOTAL 35 40 605 680

Table 3.3.2 : The Score of Factor Rating Method for Roller

Based on roller factor rating method, V-Roller was chosen because it get the higher score
rather than U-Roller. V-Roller has a good size, weight and screw as it roll at the pole. This roller
also an ergonomic and it maintenance is easy to overcome.

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3.4 BILL OF MATERIALS

Table 3.4.1 shows the major part of our vertical transportation that design using SolidWorks.

No. Major Part

1 Main Support

2 Cage

3 Pulley Holder

4 Base

5 Roller

Table 3.4.1: Major Part of our Lift

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3.4.1 Main Support

Figure 3.4.1: Bill of Materials for Main Support

3.4.2 Cage

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 Figure 3.4.2: Bill of Materials for Cage

3.4.3 Pulley Holder

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 Figure 3.4.3: Bill of Materials for Pulley Holder

3.4.4 Base

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 Figure 3.4.4: Bill of Materials for Base

3.4.5 Roller

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 Figure 3.4.5: Bill of Materials for Roller

3.5 SOLIDWORK DESIGN

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3.5.1 Main Support

3.5.1 Cage

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3.5.2 Pulley Holder

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3.5.3 Base

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3.5.4 Roller

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3.5.5 Complete Lift(Fiddler Lift)

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3.6 Calculation

Positioning Of The Centre Of Gravity of the Fiddler Lift

Figure Below Shows The Centre Of Gravity Of Our Lift Is Below Centre

Hence Making It Stable And Safe

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Forces Acting On The Main Support

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Forces Acting On Base Using A Bending Moment Diagram

2.943kN +Fy=0

Cy 2.943 = 0

Cy = 2.943kN

A B 250mm C 800mm D

150mm

. V V = 0 , M = 0

V V = 0 , M = 0

2.943kN

V +Fy = 0 M = 0

-2.943 - V = 0

V = 2.943kN

2.943kN

V V = 2.943kN M = 0

2.943(0.25) + M = 0

M = -0.736kN.M

2.943kN

V V = 0 M = -0.736kN.M

2.943kN

V V = 0

2.943kN M = 0

2.943(1.05) 2.943(0.8) + M = 0

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V M = -0.736kN.M

shear stress diagram

bending moment diagram

s = 1/6 m = M/s = 0.736k/2.434 = 302.38 MPa

= 1/6 (0.0388)

= 2.434

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 CHAPTER 4
REDESIGN AND PROBLEM SOLVING

4.1 INTRODUCTION

There are a few problems that we encounter during our project design such as roller, cage
and the base. But for every problem there is a solution so we gather all members together to counter
the problem we faced.

4.2 IMPROVEMENT

FIGURE 4: This is some discussion of idea that we get from the member of our project
during our class session.

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 1) Roller

Problem Improvement

The roller cage shakes when
moving
The roller relies support only on the
V-Wheel which is not sufficient
The roller cage is to small
1)
We add on 8 extra roller at the side
of the pillar to hold grip
The roller cage is too small to put 8
extra roller in it so we increase the
size of the roller cage
This extra roller reduce the shakes
up to 70%

FIGURE 1: The picture shows that the roller cage to small

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FIGURE 2: We redesign the roller cage that increase size of roller cage to put the extra roller in
it.

FIGURE 3: Picture above show the roller cage after finish redesign

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 FIGURE 5: This is the solidwork figure of the new roller cage with extra roller in it.

FIGURE 6: Figure above show the place of the extra roller in top view to have grip on the sides of the
Main Support to reduce the shaking effect.

2) CAGE

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 PROBLEM IMPROVEMENT

The design of the lock is not suitable
and hard to lock and unlock
The hinge is not strong enough to
support when disable people are
pushed into the cage
the rivet used to combine the
aluminum plate with the frame are not
strong enough
The design is changed to a simpler
design so the lock can be open and
close easily that use concept like the
lorry lock
The hinge was changed to a bigger
one and its number is increased from
two(2) to three(3)
The size and the number of the rivet
was increased

FIGURE 10: Figure show the improvement that we make from 2 hinge to 3 hinge

FIGURE 11: Figure Show the improvement that change like the lorry lock concept

3) BASE

PROBLEM IMPROVEMENT

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 The design for the base that have 4 The design is changed that increase
legs not provide enough support to the number of leg from 4 to 6 legs.
raise the cage.

The bent happen at the base frame We put another two legs at the part
when we try to raise the cage that give most pressure for the base
frame.

Before without added support

After included with added support at the back.

FIGURE 12: Figure show the improvement of the base where we increase the number of leg
supporting at the back.

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 DISCUSSION
Based on the project, students could feel on how it would be when they are in a real industry
and they can identify on how to use all the things they had learned throughout all semesters in
university. An introduction to industrial field would be a major part given by the project to the
students as it shows the process of producing goods and products from the beginning till the
commercialization of a product just like in a real industry. Starting from the brainstorming an idea,
the organization chart, organisation process, product process chart, parts assembling , problem
solving, costing and the product commercialization and presentation. All new knowledge that
students gained from this project is going to be a starting point to enter the industry field and to
practice and give them an introduction that works in industry has a huge pressure and different
compared to enter classes and hear the lecture.

Besides, the knowledge gained by the students from the current and previous semester is
very indispensible in order to produce a better product that suitable with the needs of human beings.
This is the real objective on why people need to have knowledge. The subjects learned are not just
to keep it in mind and emit it on the examination paper, but to use it to for good of human beings.
For example, engineering drawing teaches students on how to draw a product or design efficiently
for a better view of a prototype to be promoted. Material sciences give them an exposure on how
material works regarding the objective, environment and geographic of a product. Dynamic and
strength indicates students on how the movement of mechanism of a product is engaged and how to
calculate and identify the strength of a material. Manufacturing subject practice them on how to use
tools, equipment and machines in an industry with a proper use and high safety guideline. Design
teaches on how to design and improve a product which satisfied human needs with a high
ergonomics values. The combination of all the knowledge and subjects stated will produce one
product with a great satisfaction and make human life easier.

The other thing students learned from this project is teamwork. In order to produce the
product which a great efficiency and quality, collaboration is the bigger thing needed in order to
produce it. This is what they would do in a real industry which they will be divided into a few
department or group or the vendor to complete their specific task which teamwork and collaboration
between them is very highly needed. There are also some specialists for some specific tasks like
product designer through software, presenter, and the researcher. By adopt the teamwork to form
one powerful team, the product is going to be a good product that is included by many values.

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 CONCLUSION
We have developed a final design that will meet the requirement that fit in our project using
the determined engineering specifications. The following is the final summary of what we did and
how we went about it. Stability, comfort, noise level, safety and hand control were determined to be
the most important requirements. All these requirements have been used in developing our concepts
and have been implemented in our alpha design, which was been modified to become our final
design. We developed and followed through with the fabrication plan that produced a working
product. This plan gave a detailed description of the process needed if our work is to be replicated.
The validation tests that we conducted on the final lift produced results that exceeded our marking
system. The final design has been broken down into five subsections: base, roller, cage, chain hoist
and pole. We created each of these subsections separate in the workshop using many types of
process such as cutting, milling, welding, grinding, cleaning and so on. We then assembled these
sections together and created our final model which can be seen in picture at below.

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 RECOMMENDATION
The recommendation our project is the safety of our lift for user. The safety is most
important because to prevent from danger, risk or injury that cause when using the lift. Safety is the
state of being safe, the condition of being protected from harm or other non-desirable outcomes.
The wheel lock should be consider because it is being used to avoid the wheel chair from moving.
The PPE equipment can protect the user against health and safety risks at work. It can include items
such as safety helmets, goggle and gloves. When the lift being used all the safety consideration need
to be follow.

Furthermore, the size of the cage should be reduced in order to increase the stability of our
lift and to reduce the load when lift the cage. Then, in order to improve the movement of our lift,
the number of roller should be more than the actual since the lift is be used to lift the people and the
things.

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 REFERENCES
1. http
://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-of-materials/solution-to-problem-403-
shear-and-moment-diagrams

2. http
://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age11-14/Mechanics/Statics/text/Stability_/index.html

3. http
://inventors.about.com/od/estartinventions/a/Elevator.htm

4. http
://www.explainthatstuff.com/how-elevators-work.html

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 APPENDIX

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